Abstract: An inductively coupled type dry etching apparatus has an RF antenna disposed on a dielectric wall forming the ceiling of a process chamber. The process chamber is divided into a plasma generating space and a processing space by the partition of an intermediate electrode. A susceptor is arranged in the processing space, for mounting a semiconductor wafer thereon. The partition has openings for the plasma generating space and the processing space to communicate with each other. The partition is formed of a plurality of conductive beams radially arranged. The conductive beams extend in directions perpendicular to the direction of an electric field generated by the RF antenna, and have warps to absorb thermal stress.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for implanting ions into a workpiece surface. A concentration of ions is produced. An optical analysis of the concentration of ions is performed and recorded. The constituency of the ion concentration is determined by comparing the optical analysis data with a database of records on a storage medium wherein the optical analysis data for given concentrations of ions have been stored for subsequent access. Ions from the ion concentration are caused to impact a workpiece surface. The dose of ions implanted into the workpiece is measured. Implantation of the workpiece is stopped once an appropriate dose has been reached.

Abstract: A substrate processing system includes a processing chamber, a substrate holder positioned in the chamber, a gas source for supplying a process gas to the chamber, at least one ion source located in the chamber, and a power source for energizing the ion source by positively biasing the anode and negatively biasing the cathode, the bias in each instance being relative to the chamber. The ion source ionizes the process gas producing ions for processing a substrate disposed on a substrate holder in the chamber. One embodiment includes two such ion sources. In this case, the power source energizes the first and second anodes and the cathodes in a time multiplexed manner, such that only one of the first or second ion sources is energized at any time and interactions between ion sources are eliminated.

Abstract: This invention relates to an apparatus and a method for improving slip characteristics on the surface of a polymeric material, such as an outer surface, inner surface, or both of polymeric tubing.

Abstract: Combination pet water bottle and bowl with a molded plastic vessel capable of retaining water or other liquid having one flat wall and an opposing parallel second wall having a bowl shaped depression integral to the second wall, a replaceable and removable cap integral to the vessel to enable the user to fill the vessel with water or the like, a spring biassed water sealing valve assembly comprised of a resilient stopper and a slidable valve stem that allows water to pass from the inside of the vessel to the bottom of the bowl by use of a pull handle located at the top of the valve stem external to the vessel body, a means of locating the valve assembly so that the vessel can be blow molded using common molding techniques without the need to glue or weld two vessel halves together, and a molded in device for attaching a shoulder strap to the vessel.

Abstract: Feed hopper for a sow has opening at bottom surrounded by a seat upon which a ball check is adapted to rest, thereby to seal the opening and prevent the discharge of feed therethrough. A sow can nudge upwardly the ball check, unsealing the opening and permitting the discharge of feed from the hopper. Vertically adjustable means limit upward movement of the ball check so as to limit the maximum extent to which the opening can be unsealed. A water button, operatively connected to a source of water, can be nudged by the sow to discharge water for her.

Abstract: An individual watering bowl with a multidirectional connection, comprising a bowl (1) constituted by a basin (10) connected to a rear surface (11) by a shoulder (12) and plumbing (2). A valve body (20) and a manipulating member (21) are adapted to be connected to a water inlet conduit by a connection (3). There is, disposed between the basin and the rear surface, a wall (16) secured to the shoulder (12) and perpendicular to the shoulder (12) and parallel to the rear surface (11) on which is secured the plumbing (2), whereby the connection (3) can be arranged in at least five directions.

Abstract: A pet water dispenser for dispensing drinking water for an animal. The pet water dispenser includes a base, a bowl portion mounted to the base, and a reservoir mounted to a rear of the base. A pipe has open first and second ends. The first end of the pipe extends into the reservoir. The second end of the pipe opens into the bowl portion. A weighted base is detachably coupled to the base.

Abstract: An animal litter comprised of a liquid absorbent aggregate impregnated with a litmus agent for indicating a urinary tract infection in cats.

Abstract: An adjustable safety pet harness for dogs and cats while traveling in a vehicle and strapped to a vehicle's seat belt. The harness comprises six flexible straps, wherein three straps are affixed to a synthetic lambskin chest pad. Two of the three straps are crossed chest straps and the third strap becomes a lower body strap removably attachable to an upper body strap. The chest straps have buckles for adjustment in length to fit the pet. The chest straps are attached on top to the upper body strap and held parallel by a cross-strap. A median portion of the cross-strap supports a connector strap which has a metal D-ring on an end on the cross-strap and its opposite end fastened to the upper body strap to secure a flexible nylon webbing with a snap hook at its distal end for connection with the D-ring. The connector strap is looped around a safety belt for protection of the pet during a sudden stop or collision.

Abstract: The Combination Collar is worn around the neck of a dog [or other animal] that one desires to control with the use of a leash attached to the collar. The collar being of a design such that the surface geometry of the inner surface of the collar, [surface of the collar facing the neck of the animal] having a plurality of posts or protruding elements that are substantially surrounded by a compressible, resilient material that, temporarily changes from a surface that is generally smooth, to a surface having protruding pressure points. This temporary change in surface geometry occurs in direct response to tension between the leash and the collar, as when the animal attempts to pull away from the attached leash. The inner surface of the collar returns to its original [generally smooth] surface geometry when the tension is absent.

Abstract: A collar for a pet which improves the smell of the pet includes a strap having first and second ends which are adapted for coupling to each other, and a scent/deodorant producing element supported by the strap. Preferably, the scent/deodorant producing element is positioned in a cavity defined in or on the strap. The cavity includes an access opening through which the scent/deodorant producing element is inserted into the cavity and through which the scent/deodorant producing element is removed for replacement. The cavity preferably includes a closure mechanism, such as velcro, snaps, or stitching to close the access opening. The scent producing element may comprise, for example, a heat activated scent/deodorant stick or a scented/deodorant impregnated element, such as a scent/deodorant impregnated cloth or scent/deodorant impregnated string.

Abstract: A method and an arrangement for preheating the fuel for a firing plant which is operated with liquid or gaseous fuel, which is fed to the firing plant via a feed line, having at least one heat-exchanger unit which is thermally coupled to the feed line and through which heat is transferred from a heating medium, which is directed in a heating circuit, to the fuel.The invention is distinguished by the fact that the pressure at which the fuel is directed in the feed line is greater than the pressure at which the heating medium is directed in the heating circuit, at least in the region of the heat exchanger.

Abstract: A modified gas turbine system is provided that adapts an advanced pressurized fluidized bed combustor cycle for use with existing combustion turbine technology. To accommodate current combustion turbine technology, the air extracted from the compressor discharge is limited, e.g. to about 20% of the total. The additional air required for the APFBC cycle is provided by an auxiliary source of compressed air. The compressor discharge air that is not extracted is used for combustion of the fuel gas produced by the carbonizer and also provides internal cooling as required by conventional combustion turbine design. A separate expander turbine is used to recover energy from the vitiated air from the PFBC. Energy from the vitiated air may further be recovered by directing the expander exhaust to an HRSG.

Abstract: A fluid heater, comprising a tank having an inner chamber for accommodating a fluid to be heated, a heat exchanger having a tube bundle and a shell surrounding the tube bundle, the shell being introduced in the tank so that a wall of the shell is in contact with the fluid in the interior of the tank, the shell having an inlet for introducing a heating fluid, the tube bundle having an outlet which communicates through an upwardly raising pipe with the interior of the tank and an inlet for introducing a fluid to be heated, so that when the heating fluid is introduced through the inlet of the shell into the shell heat of the heating fluid is transferred through the wall of the shell to the fluid in the interior of the tank and also heats the fluid inside the tube bundle so that the heated fluid from the tube bundle is supplied through the upwardly raising pipe into the interior of the tank, providing a heat transfer between the heating and heated fluid by forced and natural convection simultaneously.

Abstract: A water lance blower for cleaning heating installations, wherein a water lance (6) is movably (5) arranged with its mouth on or in a hatch (2) and can blow a water jet through the heating installation, which is in operation and is flowed through with flames and/or smoke, onto wall areas (A-E) which can be reached from the hatch (2), wherein the water lance (6) is configured in a shortened manner, in that the water supply (11, 10) is bent one or more times by in total more than 70.degree., preferably more than 90.degree. (20, 24; 39). In addition steadying of the flow profile is effected by an expanded calming volume (20) arranged in the end of the water lance (6) lying outside the heating installation, in particular an approximately spherical volume (20), so that the jet quality of the water lance is not impaired. The shortened water lance permits more simple drive mechanisms and adjustment to restricted spatial arrangements.

Abstract: A method for transitioning between a first operating mode of a dual fuel engine and a second operating mode of the dual fuel engine includes establishing a final liquid fuel amount desired to be delivered to the engine upon completion of the transition to the second operating mode. Delivery of liquid fuel to the engine is adjusted by a first amount and, correspondingly, delivery of gaseous fuel to the engine is adjusted by a second amount, where an energy content of the first amount of liquid fuel is substantially the same as an energy content of the second amount of gaseous fuel. A determination is made as to whether liquid fuel is being delivered to the engine in an amount which is substantially the same as the desired final liquid amount previously established.

Abstract: A method of cooling coolant in a coolant circuit of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle includes: evaluating parameters of the internal combustion engine and the motor vehicle with a thermostatic valve control device; based on the evaluation of the parameters, controlling with the thermostatic valve control device adjustment of a thermostatic valve for controlling coolant flow from a radiator and coolant flow from a bypass line around the radiator into a combined coolant flow to the internal combustion engine; communicating a signal based on the evaluation of the parameters from the thermostatic valve control device to a fan control device which controls operation of a fan that cools coolant in the radiator to a target temperature; and setting the target temperature of the fan control device through the communication. Subsequently, the fan control device controls the cooling by the fan as a function of the target temperature set by the signal received from the thermostatic valve control device.

Abstract: In an engine cooling system, an upper coolant chamber and a lower coolant chamber of a typical engine, such as an internal combustion engine or fuel cell, are formed adjacent to the heat-rejecting components of the engine and are hermetically sealed to prevent exposure of coolant within the chambers to the engine's ambient atmosphere. The coolant is preferably a substantially anhydrous, boilable liquid coolant having a saturation temperature higher than that of water, and the coolant is pumped at a predetermined flow rate, and distributed through the coolant chambers so that the liquid coolant within the chambers substantially condenses the coolant vaporized by the heat-rejecting components of the engine.

Abstract: A low emission power generating apparatus which comprises a modified two-stroke diesel engine component and a modified turbocharger component which has a relatively low aspect ratio. The diesel engine component is a modification of a conventional two-stroke diesel engine design and includes an exhaust valve cam of unique design that has a cam profile which results in a later than-normal exhaust valve opening and an earlier-than-normal valve closing so that the time during which the exhaust valve remains open is shorter than normal, thereby causing a substantially greater volume of residual gases to remain in the combustion chamber following the scavenge stroke. This increase in the volume of the residual exhaust gases within the chamber leads to an increase in compression temperature and effectively increases the compression ratio and consequently the compression pressure.

Abstract: A low emission power generating apparatus which comprises a modified two-stroke diesel engine component and a modified turbocharger component which has a relatively low aspect ratio. The diesel engine component is a modification of a conventional two-stroke diesel engine design and includes a modified connecting rod assembly which causes a modified piston to accelerate rapidly within the combustion chamber and an exhaust valve cam of unique design that has a cam profile which results in a later than-normal exhaust valve opening and an earlier-than-normal valve closing so that the time during which the exhaust valve remains open is shorter than normal, thereby causing a substantially greater volume of residual gases to remain in the combustion chamber following the scavenge stroke. This increase in the volume of the residual exhaust gases within the chamber leads to an increase in compression temperature and effectively increases the compression ratio and consequently the compression pressure.

Abstract: A crankcase scavenged two-stroke engine includes a piston reciprocably mounted in a cylinder. The cylinder wall has an exhaust port and a rear transfer port opposed thereto formed in it. The rear transfer port communicates with the interior of the crankcase via a rear transfer passage and is arranged to open before the exhaust port closes, whereby, in use, the cylinder is scavenged. An inlet duct is arranged to supply combustion air to the crankcase and a throttling valve is arranged to throttle the flow of air through the inlet duct. A carburettor is arranged to supply fuel into the inlet duct. The interior of the crankcase is divided into at least two separate crankcase volumes, a rich volume (V1,V2) and a lean volume (V3). Each crankcase volume communicates with the cylinder via a respective hole in the crankcase wall. The cylinder wall also has at least one lateral transfer port formed in it at a position between the rear transfer port and the exhaust port.

Abstract: An electromagnetic actuator includes an electromagnet having a pole face, an energized state for generating an electromagnetic force and a de-energized state; and an armature movable towards and away from the pole face in a travel path extending from a first end position remote from the pole face to a second end position at the pole face. The armature assumes the second end position in the energized state of the electromagnet. A return spring urges the armature away from the pole face and toward the first end position. Further, a fluid damping unit is provided for braking a motion of the armature along a terminal portion of its travel path shortly before its arrival into at least one of the end positions for effecting a soft arrival of the armature into such end position.

Abstract: A system and method for measuring and controlling cam timing of an internal combustion engine uses a filtering method based on a number of equally spaced teeth mounted on the camshaft. The filtering method specifically removes certain oscillations caused by camshaft torsional effects. The filtering method also specifically removes oscillations due to production variations. These oscillations are removed with minimal effect on closed loop system response.

Abstract: An aluminum cylinder block (1) of an engine has a plurality of cylinder bores (2), and intermediate marginal areas (17) defined between adjacent cylinder bores (2). A single water jacket (8) is formed in the cylinder block (8) to surround the plurality of cylinder bores (2), and a plurality of oil chutes (15) are also formed in the cylinder block (1) outside the water jacket (8) for allowing an oil to drop from a cylinder head (5) to a crankcase (14) therethrough. These oil chutes (15) are formed between adjacent intermediate marginal areas (17) so that they do not make the cylinder block (1) swell out. An air in the oil chutes (15) functions as a sound insulation layer against combustion noises generated in the cylinder bores (2). The air in the oil chutes (15) also serves as a heat insulation layer for a cooling water in the water jacket (8) so that warming up performance of the engine under a cold condition is improved.

Abstract: An auxiliary part mounting bracket for an in-line multi-cylinder engine. An oil pump, an auto-tensioner, an alternator, a water pump and a compressor are preassembled on the auxiliary part mounting bracket to form an assembly. This assembly is fixed to a side of the engine cylinder block by six bolts. One bolt is threadedly inserted into the cylinder block through a space defined between the upper oil pump and auto-tensioner and the lower alternator and water pump; two bolts are threadedly inserted into the cylinder block through a space defined between the upper positioned alternator and water pump and the lower positioned compressor. Thus, it is possible to enhance the assembling operation, when the plurality of auxiliary parts are fixed to an engine body through the auxiliary part mounting bracket.

Abstract: An oil filter unit comprising a housing (4) and a filter element (14) accommodated therein is fitted to an engine (1) via a bracket (3) having a cylindrical holder (5). The housing (4) is secured to the holder (5) by screwing a male screw (19) on its outer circumference to a female screw (17) formed in the inner circumference of the holder (5). A first cut-out (24) is formed across the female screw (17) and a second cut-out (23) is formed across the male screw (19). When these cut-outs (24, 23) meet together, they form a drain passage which drains the oil in the housing (4) to outside. With this construction, the oil in the housing is drained via a predetermined path and prevented from scattering around, when the filter unit is removed from the engine (1).

Abstract: This invention concerns a fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine in which a cut-off is provided to interrupt the fuel supply. The fuel injection system has a pump element with a suction bore (3) wherein the suction bore (3) of the pump element can be closed by means of a valve body (70 arranged on a flexible tappet to interrupt the fuel supply.

Abstract: In a control apparatus for an in-cylinder injection spark-ignition internal combustion engine, which has a fuel injection valve (4) for injecting a fuel directly into a combustion chamber (5), and in which the fuel is injected mainly in a compression stroke, thereby undergoing stratified-charge combustion, when the internal combustion engine is operated in a specified operation region, a target load value Pe set corresponding to accelerator opening information based at least on a driver's operation is corrected with detected environmental parameter values correlated with an intake air density, engine control parameter values Tend and Tig are set in accordance with the corrected target load value Pec, and stratified-charge combustion is executed in accordance with the set engine control parameter values. Thus, the stratified-charge combustion can be carried out steadily and securely even if environmental parameter values, such as the atmospheric pressure, intake air temperature, etc.

Abstract: A compression ignition type engine, wherein a first combustion where the amount of the recirculated exhaust gas supplied to the combustion chamber is larger than the amount of recirculated exhaust gas where the amount of production of soot peaks and almost no soot is produced and a second combustion where the amount of recirculated exhaust gas supplied to the combustion chamber is smaller than the amount of recirculated exhaust gas where the amount of production of soot peaks are selectively switched between and wherein the air-fuel ratio is temporarily made rich immediately before switching from the first combustion to the second combustion or immediately after switching from the second combustion to the first combustion.

Abstract: A fuel injection apparatus for a diesel engine has a fuel injection pump for feeding fuel under pressure and fuel injection nozzles provided in the engine to inject fuel fed from the injection pump. A pressure sensor for detecting fuel pressure is provided in a midway in a fuel line connecting the injection pump to the injection nozzles. An electronic control unit (ECU) computes the frequency of the fuel pressure based on a detected value from the pressure sensor immediately after fuel is injected from the injection nozzles. The ECU then computes a fuel bulk modulus based on the result of the computation of the frequency of the fuel pressure. Based on the computed bulk modulus, the ECU computes a fuel injection start and end time. Further, the ECU adjusts an instruction value for fuel injection control based on the result of the computation of injection start and end, and controls the injection pump based on the adjusted instruction value.

Abstract: A variable displacement pump fuel metering system wherein an electrohydraulic servo-valve powers a pump actuator to control pump displacement and variably bypasses fuel as an integrally related function to improve flow dynamics. The electrohydraulic servo-valve withdraws fuel from the pump output flow to drive the pump actuator and thereby control the displacement of the pump. The amount of bypassed is inversely proportional to the amount of fuel used to drive the actuator so that metered flow is maintained when an increase in pump output is demanded. The variable displacement pump may also meter flow in the downstream manifold. The electrohydraulic servo-valve is electrically controlled in a closed loop circuit with a flow sensing valve providing the feedback to an electronic engine controller. The electronic controller directly controls the electrohydraulic servo-valve.

Abstract: A method for adjusting the throttle and/or injection quantity of a motor vehicle combustion engine at the command of a vehicle driver, an adaption being made to the vehicle driver's driving style, the curve of angle throttle position and/or injection quantity over accelerator pedal position angle exhibiting a progressive characteristic when there is driving behavior recognized as conservative and a degressive characteristic when there is driving behavior recognized as sporty.

Abstract: A fuel vapor concentration detecting apparatus in a lean-burn internal combustion engine detects a fuel vapor concentration and executes purge control. The apparatus includes an output fluctuation detecting module for detecting, on such an occasion that the fuel vapor is purged into an intake system of the internal combustion engine, an output fluctuation just when the fuel vapor is purged, and a concentration detecting module for calculating the fuel vapor concentration in accordance with a magnitude of the output fluctuation detected by the output fluctuation detecting module. The fuel vapor concentration in the lean-burn internal combustion engine is thus detected. A purge quantity or a state of the fuel injection is changed corresponding to the detected concentration of the fuel vapor.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for varying the current levels of a fuel injection signal used in connection with an electronically controlled hydraulic actuator unit injector fuel system is disclosed. The apparatus and method varies the current level of the fuel injection signal delivered to the unit injector based on sensed engine parameters, which preferably include a sensed pressure of hydraulic actuating fluid and a sensed temperature of the engine.

Abstract: A method of fuel injection comprises an initial step of providing an electronically-controlled hydraulically-actuated fuel injector. An on-time for the fuel injector that corresponds to a desired amount of fuel is determined. The fuel injector is activated for that on-time. Next, the actual amount of fuel injected by the fuel injector is estimated. The actual amount of fuel is compared to the desired amount of fuel. If the actual amount of fuel is substantially more than the desired amount of fuel, the on-time for a subsequent injection event is adjusted.

Abstract: An injector unit consists of a housing (1), of a controllable piston pump (5) and of an injection nozzle (4) adjoining the latter and having a nozzle chamber (25), the housing (1) possessing a fuel supply chamber (23) fed from outside and a return orifice (24) leading outward, the piston pump (5) possessing a pump piston bush (6) which is guided on a pin (20) fixed relative to the housing and which has control orifices (17), and the pin (20) containing a first longitudinal bore (39) leading from the interior (18) of the pump piston bush (6) to the injection nozzle (4). In order to improve sealing and through flow, the pump piston bush (6) is surrounded by a sealing sleeve (50), the pin (20) has a second longitudinal bore (57) and the sealing space (53) is flow-connected to the return orifice via a second transverse bore (58) and a third longitudinal bore (59) in the pin (20).

Abstract: A fuel injection system for injecting fuel into an internal combustion engine having at least one fuel injection valve, which has a fuel inlet orifice on an inlet section and having a fuel distribution line, which has, for each fuel injection valve a fuel outlet orifice that may be connected to the fuel inlet orifice of the fuel injection valve, and a connection fitting, connected downstream to the fuel outlet orifice. A connection arrangement injection valve to the respective fuel outlet orifice of the fuel distribution line is provided. The connection arrangement includes an annular seal support and a sleeve that can be inserted in the fuel inlet orifice. The annular seal support has a first sealing element for sealing the seal support against the inlet section of the fuel injection valve, and a second sealing element for sealing the seal support against the connection fitting of the fuel distribution line.

Abstract: The fuel injection valve controller steadily detects the completion of opening of the fuel injection valve or the completion of the needle valve lifting movement. A current flowing through the electromagnetic coil 4 which drives the fuel infection valve, is measured based on the voltage difference V across the resistor R6 connected in series with the coil 4. The circuit 21 emphasizes changes in the coil current. The signal V2 representative of emphasized coil current is supplied to the current change detecting circuit 22 which generates the output signal V3 when the coil current or voltage signal V2 temporarily decreases. The signal V3 is compared with the reference voltage Vref to issue the signal S3 showing the full opening of the fuel injection valve.

Abstract: This invention determines the output timing of the injection command signal to each of the injectors so that the fuel injection timing agrees with the basic target injection timing even when there are variations in the fuel injection timing among the injectors, and thereby improves the exhaust emission performance of the engine. The time T.sub.2 of an intersection between the straight line Lp representing an average Pa of the common rail pressure before it starts to fall and the first-degree approximation straight line Ld having a maximum inclination of fall of the common rail pressure is determined as the timing at which the common rail pressure starts to fall. Based on the time T.sub.2 and the average pressure Pa, the delay time .DELTA.Td which elapses from the output timing T.sub.0 of the injection command signal to each of the injectors to the actual fuel injection timing T.sub.1 is calculated. The output timing T.sub.0 for the injection command signal is determined as an instant the delay time .DELTA.

Abstract: The fuel supplying apparatus of the invention includes a fuel injector 1 injecting a fuel; a fuel tank 2; fuel paths 4 and 5 connecting the fuel injector 1 and the fuel tank 2; a low-pressure fuel pump 10 provided in the upstream; a high-pressure fuel pump 3 which is provided between the low-pressure fuel pump 10 and the fuel injector 1, a cylinder having a hole 41a, and a plunger 43 arranged reciprocally movably in the hole 41a, sucks and pressurizes the fuel through a suction port 5c into the fuel pressurizing chamber 45, discharges the pressurized fuel from a discharge port 4d, and pressure-transfers the fuel to the fuel injector 1; and a high-pressure regulator, which is provided between the high-pressure fuel pump 3 of the fuel path 4 and adjusts pressure of the fuel discharged from the high-pressure fuel pump 3.

Abstract: A fuel delivery system (10) used on marine vessels (B) has a fuel injected, internal combustion engine (E) for propulsion. A fuel tank (T) stores fuel (F) supplied to run the engine through a supply line (L) extending between the fuel tank and the engine. The tank has a relatively small (1.6 in. diameter) opening (O), and a fuel pump (12) is sized to fit within the fuel tank through this opening. The fuel pump pumps fuel, under pressure, from the fuel tank to the engine. A fuel filter (20) is also sized to fit within the tank and is connected to an inlet (14) of the fuel pump. Fuel is drawn into the fuel pump through the fuel filter. A pressure regulator (30) regulates the pressure of fuel pumped to the engine. The pressure regulator is mounted externally of the tank and the fuel pump is tethered to the pressure regulator for the fuel pump and fuel filter to be installed in the fuel tank without use of external supporting structure.

Abstract: An air heater is intended to be used in combination with an air cleaner comprising an air cleaner case, an air cleaner element dividing a space defined by the air cleaner case into a dust chamber on an upstream side with respect to the flowing direction of intake air and a clean chamber on a downstream side with respect to the flowing direction of intake air, and an intake duct connecting an air outlet pipe connected to the clean chamber to a throttle valve.

Abstract: A supercharger for an internal combustion, diesel engine includes a clutch disc for engaging or disengaging the flywheel of the engine for transmitting power to the transmission and wheels of a vehicle in which the engine is mounted. A blower assembly for the supercharger is fixedly connected to the clutch disc for rotation in unison therewith. The blower includes a cover secured to the clutch disc and a plurality of impeller vanes disposed about its periphery. In operation, when the clutch disc is engaged with the flywheel of the engine, the blower of the supercharger rotates in unison with the clutch plate to draw in air and supply compressed air to the engine to perform the supercharging functions. However, during idling, when the clutch is disengaged, the supercharger blower does not rotate thereby minimizing fuel consumption.

Abstract: Past exhaust emission control systems have required additional add on or hang on components. The present exhaust emission recirculation system reduces the emissions emitted from an engine. The present exhaust emission recirculation system is comprised of a head being attached to a block having of a cylinder therein. The head has an intake passage therein and an intake valve interposed the intake passage and the cylinder. The head has a recirculation passage therein having an exhaust gas recirculation valve interposed the intake passage and the cylinder. And, the exhaust gas recirculation valve is movable between a closed position and an open position in which an exhaust gas is communicated from the cylinder to the intake passage.

Abstract: A diagnostic device and method for an exhaust gas recirculation system achieves a prompt diagnosis without reducing accuracy. The diagnosis of an exhaust gas recirculation system, which is carried out based on an EGR temperature and an operating signal for operating an EGR control valve, is prevented when the EGR temperature is greater than a predetermined temperature, except when a rising rate of the EGR temperature is greater than a predetermined value.

Abstract: An exhaust gas recirculation system (11) for an internal combustion engine, including a valve (25) having a closed position (FIG. 2) blocking flow of exhaust gas, the valve being biased by gas pressure in the exhaust gas passage (E) toward a closed position (FIG. 2). The system includes an electric motor (51) having an input gear (55) and a gear train (57,59) driving a sector gear (73). A linkage member (93) has its ends (91,95) connected to the sector gear (73) and the valve stem (29), respectively. The sector gear and the linkage member are configured such that, as the valve begins to open against exhaust gas pressure, the movement of the valve stem is a relatively higher force, and at a relatively lower speed. As the valve moves toward a fully open position (FIG. 7), the movement of the valve stem is at a relatively lower force, but at a relatively higher speed.

Abstract: An automatic bleed valve is disclosed, suitable for attachment to the inlet manifold of an internal combustion engine in order to provide an effective embodiment of the "air bleed" principle. Small amounts of inlet air are allowed into the inlet manifold at periods of high vacuum (low pressure) present during deceleration. The valve closure (38) is biassed by a biassing means (36), e.g. a compressing spring, which acts on the face of the closure disposed away from the seat (22). Other aspects provide for a valve seat which is adjustable in position relative to the closure, a closure and seat of different plastics materials, and a closure with a conical aspect, preferably paired with a seat with a complementary contact portion.

Abstract: An air/ratio control system and method for an internal combustion engine coupled to a fuel vapor recovery system simultaneously maps a difference between a desired air/fuel ratio and a measured air/fuel ratio to fueling errors and a purge vapor flow. This system and method maximizes the ability to purge the vapor recovery system while maintaining the ability to diagnose fuel errors.

Abstract: An Air/Fuel mixture control system for an internal combustion engine which uses a closed loop controller for varying an air/fuel mixture in response to the voltage output of the engine's exhaust gas oxygen sensor. The oxygen sensor will produce a voltage output which is classified in a range extending from very rich, net rich, net lean or very lean depending upon the sensed voltage output in milli-volts. The controller responds to an onset of a lean or rich exhaust signal, representative of either too much or too little oxygen, by instructing the fuel injectors to either increase or decrease the fuel delivery rate to a predetermined rich step value or lean step value. The delivery rate at the rich or lean step value is maintained until the onset of either a rich or lean exhaust indication or until a predetermined rich or lean step duration expires.