Abstract: A skylight is disclosed for installation in an opening disposed in the top of an enclosure. The skylight includes framing sections providing for variation in installations and accommodating on site adjustments when fastening and fitting the skylight within the opening of the enclosure. The framing sections are adapted to receive supplementary moldings adapted to friction fit with the framing section which provide for variation in installation tolerances and cover any undesirably exposed portions of the enclosure resulting from installation of the skylight, while accommodating on site adjustments.

Abstract: A hold down device and method for connecting two building elements of a building comprises an elongate member, typically in the form of a rod or a cable, that is connected between the two building structures. A tension compensator, which includes a housing, is mounted to the elongate member to compensate for wood shrinkage of the building. One end of the elongate member penetrates the housing and is releasably connected to the housing by means of a gripping assembly which permits only one way movement of the elongate member into but not out of the housing to resist tensile forces between the two points of the building but allow the elongate member length to be adjusted as the distance between the two points decreases due to wood shrinkage. An urging mechanism urges the end of the elongate member further into the housing if the tension on the elongate member falls below a predetermined level. The urging mechanism, in some embodiments, has to be put under compression.

Abstract: A modular house is constructed with Engineered Structural Modular Units (EMSU's) made from Stucturally Engineered Oriented Strand Boards (SEOSB's). Unitized structures are formed from modular units comprising two SEOSB panels with internal webbing for floor, wall, ceiling and roof modules; and adapter units such as corner adapter units, U-channel adapters, alignment connectors, trim adapters, and roof support adapters. Window and door openings can be cut on-site during construction. Any insulation meeting local building code requirements can be installed on-site. Standard electrical, plumbing, and mechanical products and procedures can be used as required by local building codes. All roofing and exterior wall coverings that meet local building codes can be used as required by architectural design.

Abstract: A laminated shingle is provided, having lighter and darker granule portions visible from the front, at different planes; the front-most or anterior lane generally having granules of lighter shading and the more rearward or posterior plane generally having darker granules. The darker granules in the more posterior plane are visible from the front of the shingle to provide visually sharp, precise delineation between zones of lighter and darker shading. The shingles may be of multi-layer construction with suitable adhesives securing the layers together. The darker granules may be visible from beneath the lower edge(s) of the anterior shingle, to provide a shadow line effect. Alternatively, or in addition thereto, the darker shingle zones from the more posterior plane may be visible through tab-separating slots of the lighter shaded anterior shingle portion.

Abstract: A composite interlocking vinyl or other veneer siding having an elongated insulating member bonded to a vinyl panel with a permanently flexible adhesive that is compatible with both vinyl and insulation material and does not harden. The insulating member is configured such that a front face of the insulating material exactly coincides with the profile of the front face of the vinyl member. The insulating member forms a shallow shelf at an upper edge of the insulating member and an adjacent insulating member forms another shelf to overlap the adjacent shallow shelf to form a shiplap seal when assembled. Horizontal and vertical edges of the vinyl siding and insulating member are configured to overlap when mounted.

Abstract: Beams, that are rectangular in cross-section and feature at least one undercut groove running parallel to the longitudinal axis of the extruded section in at least one outer face for the purpose of accommodating an element for connecting a further hollow section, are in the form of hollow sections of rectangular cross-section and different cross-sectional length (a) and cross-sectional breadth (b). The cross-sectional length (a) of one hollow section corresponds to the cross-sectional breadth (b) of the other, related hollow section.

Abstract: A fill layer containing a ceramic/carbon mixture is provided under an entire surface of a floor. A crushed stone layer including the ceramic/carbon mixture is provided on the top surface of the fill layer. A concrete layer containing the ceramic/carbon mixture is provided on the top surface of the crushed stone layer. A thermally-insulating, moisture-proofing layer, which is formed of an extrusion-foamed styrene and a moisture-proofing film is provided on the top surface of the concrete layer. A mortar layer including the ceramic/carbon mixture is provided on the thermally-insulating, moisture-proofing layer. A hot water pipe or an electric heater is embedded in the mortar layer, and a finishing material is laid on the surface of the mortar layer. Far-infrared radiation is emitted from the ceramic/carbon mixture, and the heating efficiency can be improved by stored heat.

Abstract: A method of constructing a concrete block wall of concrete blocks each having one or more vertical openings includes the steps of the layering the blocks one upon the other in positions that generally align the vertical openings to initiate formation of the wall and placing a first reinforcing bar through the aligned openings, the first bar having a diameter, the lower end of the bar being anchored at a lower portion of the wall. A connector is placed on the upper end of the first bar, the connector having upper and lower end portions, a central longitudinal open ended bore and at least one reduced diameter section that extends inwardly from the interior surface of the connector wall. Additional layers of concrete blocks can then be added to the wall in positions that generally align the block openings of the added blocks with the first bar.

Abstract: A process for pouring and finishing a concrete slab having a predetermined thickness. Concrete forms are arranged to define the periphery of the slab. Each form having a recessed top wall which serves to provide a support area for a temporary extended border portion of the slab with the border portion having a thickness less than the predetermined thickness of the slab. Concrete is poured within the area defined by the forms to a height determined by the upper edge of the form. The temporary extended border portion of the slab being supported by the recessed top wall. The concrete slab is surface finished across the top surface thereof, extending outwardly at least to the inner most portion of the temporary extended border portion of the slab. After the concrete has hardened, the forms are removed along with the temporary extended border portion as by cutting through the concrete along an inner vertical surface of the concrete forms.

Abstract: The specification describes a wall base which is preferably provided by an elongate strip of carpeting with a pair of spaced-apart strips of double-sided adhesive tape on the back of the strip of carpeting covered by a release liner. For a 3 to 6 inch wide carpet strip, the strips of adhesive tape are preferably spaced apart by a distance of from about ¼ inch to about 2 inches, one being positioned close by adjacent the top edge of the carpet strip and the other spaced from the bottom edge.

Abstract: An apparatus for propelling a carriage along a roof structure of the type having a plurality of purlins spaced apart from one another in a parallel arrangement, and method of using same are disclosed. The apparatus includes a carriage movable along the length of the purlins for dispensing a support sheet from a roll for support of insulation material as the carriage travels along the length of the purlins so that the support sheet depends from the top portion of adjacent purlins. The apparatus further includes a puller assembly attached to the carriage. The puller assembly includes a driven wheel frictionally engaged with a surface a purlin, and a drive mechanism for rotating the driven wheel.

Abstract: An automatic packaging machine for forming and filling a latching flip-top box uses a two part mandrel which are joined by a hinge. One of the two hinged parts has a roller thereon for following a cam track having a quarter turn spiral therein. As the roller follows the spiral causing one hinged part to move through a quarter turn causing the flip-top to fold over and be formed. A somewhat loose tab on the top edge of the bottom of the box is a latch tab which is caught when the flip-top folds over.

Abstract: A device for placing pipes (5′) into a case (1) and taking pipes (5) out therefrom, wherein the pipes (5) are placed in stacks (2, 3, 4) each with one pipe across, and wherein the stacks are supported laterally by supports (6, 7, 8, 9) projecting upwardly from the bottom of the case (1). The bottom of the case 91) is provided with apertures (10, 11), and the case (1) is carried by a tilting device (13) capable of raising and lowering the case 91), respectively, and of turning it about an axis (14) parallel to the pipes (5) within the case (1), to take an unloading position and a loading position, respectively, wherein the supports (6, 7, 8, 9) are nearly horizontal, flushing with a substantially horizontal support for pipes (5), and wherein a pushing device (16) is adapted to be guided through the apertures (10, 11) in the nearly vertical bottom of the case (1), in order to push pipes (5) laterally out of the case (1), upon said support, which may be a conveyor belt or another conveyor (12).

Abstract: A framework for mounting a wrapping material film roll spindle upon a film wrapping material dispensing assembly of a film wrapping or packaging machine comprises an external framework fixedly mounted upon the film wrapping material dispensing assembly, and an internal framework pivotally mounted interiorly of the external framework. A spindle is mounted upon the internal framework for supporting a roll of film wrapping material. The external framework comprises a rigidified four-sided framework defining an enclosed space within which the internal framework is disposed such that when the film wrapping material is dispensed, vibrations within the assembly are effectively eliminated or substantially reduced.

Abstract: A method for wrapping a wrapper about a floral grouping wherein the wrapper is a sleeve or sheet or material having a cinching tab or strip of bonding material or both and a detaching means such as perforations for detaching a portion of the sleeve or sheet of material. The floral grouping is placed on the sheet of material which is wrapped thereabout, or the floral grouping is disposed in the interior space of the sleeve. The cinching tab is attached near one end of the sheet or sleeve. The cinching tab has a bonding material disposed thereon which, when the cinching tab is pulled tightly about the wrapper, causes the wrapper to be crimped and tightly bound about the stems of the floral grouping.

Abstract: A method for covering a pot, the cover is a flattened sleeve comprising a base portion sized to fit a pot and having an upper portion which is detachable leaving an upper edge and a closed bottom in the base. The cover may be bondingly connected to or crimped about the pot.

Abstract: An inexpensive inner bag loaded into a cylindrical container such as a drum. The inner bag has excellent airtightness and facilitates transferring the inner bag to a separate container. The inner bag comprises two hexagonal first sheets and two pentagonal second sheets. Each first sheet has a pair of opposite sides extending longitudinally and a trapezoidal portion formed around one longitudinal end of the sheet. Each second sheet has a pair of opposite sides extending longitudinally and a triangular portion formed around one longitudinal end of the sheet. The first and second sheets are placed in an opposite relation to each other. The peripheries of the first and second sheets, excluding the other ends, are bonded together by heat-sealing.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a plurality of containers from a tube of flexible packaging material includes transversely severing the tube into a plurality of individual containers, each having a main body with two opposed pointed lower corners, pinching each pointed lower corner to collapse the corner into a flattened triangular shape while adding heat to the same in order to well the corner together in the flattened condition, and bending each flattened corner to lie under its respective main body, while the flattened corner still retains heat.

Abstract: A device and method for forming plastic pouches, the device including a source of at least two substantially superposed layers of plastic sheet, a pair of rollers for selectively advancing the layers of plastic sheet, a plastic filling element, and heat welding means for sealing open sides of the pouches, wherein portions of a longitudinal half of each of the rollers have a larger radius than the remainder of the roller whereby, when the larger radius portions of the rollers engage one another, they advance the plastic held between them, and when the smaller radius portions of the rollers are in registration with one another, they do not engage the plastic between them, so the plastic does not advance and can be heat sealed.

Abstract: A packaging machine capable of forming pouches from both continuously and intermittently advancing webs. The machine has a pair of drive rolls adapted to advance the web that are operable both continuously and intermittently. Web-engaging components of the machine are operable to engage the web and perform their associated functions as the web is in motion. The web-engaging components are further selectively operable to have an adjustable dwell period between operations, thereby allowing the machine to be switched between continuous and intermittent modes, and to adapt the machine to form pouches of various sizes. The formed pouches are transferred to a pouch filling section which is also operable to receive and advance individual pouches either continuously or intermittently.

Abstract: The present invention concerns an apparatus for wrapping a load with a flexible wrapping material which prevents the flexible material from unwrapping itself after the load has been wrapped. The apparatus includes a supply of flexible wrapping material which can be delivered as a rope or as a full web. The apparatus includes a first finger and a gripper for positioning a portion of a first rope supplied by the supplying means at a predetermined location. The load and the supply are relatively moved to wrap the load with the flexible material. Once the load has been wrapped, a second finger and a guide wheel are provided to position a portion of a second rope supplied by the supply at the predetermined position. The first and second ropes are fastened together at the predetermined position, and the portion of the second rope is cut downstream of the predetermined position.

Abstract: A multifunctional riding lawn mower for cutting grass, collecting or discharging cut grass clippings, and mulching cut grass clippings into the cut grass. The mower includes a body and a power source connected to the body. Wheels are connected to the body and powered by the power source. The mower has a multidirectional shell connected to the body. The shell has a circulation section and a distribution section on opposite side of the center of the shell. The shell is capable of being turned. When the circulation section matches the front section of the body, the mower cuts grass and mulches the grass clippings. When the distribution section matches the front section of the body, the mower cuts grass and collects the grass clippings.

Abstract: In a tool, the terminal contacts of a battery pack which can be removed from the tool can be connected to the terminal contacts of the drive motor via a bow plug, and for this purpose the terminal contacts of battery pack and motor are arranged parallel to one another in the installed state of the battery pack. The battery pack can only be separated from the tool after the bow plug has been pulled off. Instead of the bridging bow plug, it is possible to attach a charging plug, which connects the terminals of the battery pack to a charging appliance.

Abstract: A grass collector for receiving clippings discharged from a port at the rear of a mower housing. The collector is secured to a frame member which is pivotally connected to support members joined to the mower so as to be able to swing between a closed, clippings-receiving position adjacent the rear discharge port and an open, displaced position at which clippings can be dumped from the collector. The position of the collector is selectively controlled by the operator of the mower, and a spring arrangement is provided for retaining the collector in the selected position until over-ridden by the operator.

Abstract: A crop harvesting header includes a reel mounted on a pair of forwardly extending arms carried on a header frame above a table and cutting knife. The reel is rotatable about a longitudinal axis and includes bats with fingers which pivot each about a respective bat axis so the angle of the fingers varies as the reel rotates. The angle of the fingers can be varied to increase and decrease the angle at the knife. The arms include a forward portion which is arranged at an angle to a main portion so as to be inclined downwardly and forwardly therefrom. As the reel supports on the arms is moved forwardly along the arms and engages onto the forward portion, the reel is moved downwardly and forwardly which simultaneously changes the angle to provide a more aggressive action as the reel is moved forwardly of the knife.

Abstract: A hay making machine including at least two working elements in the form of rotary rakes which are carried by intermediate frames. The intermediate frames are arranged on a support frame and supported on the ground by at least one land wheel. The intermediate frames are pivotally connected for following the contours of the ground as picked-up by the land wheels, and for pivoting about axes which extend in the direction of travel between a working position and a transportation position and vice versa. The intermediate frames also support the transmission members of the drive train, especially shafts and the power train, which are needed for conveying the drive energy to the rotary rakes rotating about vertical axes. Furthermore, the intermediate frames are connected together in the vicinity of the articulated connection between adjacent intermediate frames by coupling consisting of two coupling units that co-operate via meshing elements.

Abstract: The instant invention relates to a process and to a device for automatic introduction of a fiber sliver into a textile machine equipped with a feed mechanism. The end of the fiber sliver is brought into a defined receiving position in which it is introduced into the feed mechanism. A predetermined length of the end of the fiber sliver is seized. The sliver is then shortened to a second predetermined length and is then introduced into the feed mechanism.

Abstract: A process of producing an assembled yarn, including the steps of providing two or more yarns moving downstream from a supply to a take-up, inserting alternating-direction zones of twist into at least one of the yarns, the at least one yarn having an area of zero twist between said alternating direction zones of twist, combining the at least two yarns to form a single, integrated yarn strand, and intermittently exposing the yarn strand to an air blast to create a zone of intermingled yarns at spaced-apart points along the length of the yarn strand to prevent torsional movement of one yarn relative to the other yarn. According to one preferred embodiment of the invention, the step of exposing the yarn strand to an air blast includes the step of intermingling the yarns at the areas of zero twist.

Abstract: A spinning rotor for use at high speeds in open-end spinning machines has a rotor cup having an annular wall portion defining a rotor opening, a bottom wall portion merging with the annular wall portion, and a mounting hub extending exteriorly from the bottom wall portion. A rotor shaft is affixed to the mounting hub coaxially with the rotor cup. The merger of the bottom and annular wall portions of the rotor cup defines a maximum exterior diameter of the rotor and an interior rotor groove. The annular wall portion, the bottom wall portion and the mounting hub are of different cross-sectional thicknesses with the cross-sectional thickness of the bottom wall portion increasing from the rotor groove to the mounting hub. The wall thickness is less than 1.

Abstract: The watchband or jewelry bracelet with articulated links and flexible fittings comprises links (1, 2, 3, 4) articulated with each other. Each link comprises a lower part (6), side walls and upper shoulders (5) constituting a receptacle (7) in which a flexible fitting is to be mounted. At one end of each link, the side walls have a convex semicircular portion (11), and at the other end, they have a concave semicircular portion (10). At said other end, rings (8) having a thread (9) are mounted on the lower part (6) of the link and in the receptacle (7). The links are assembled together by screws (15, 16) cooperating with threads of the rings. The concave and convex semicircular portions are intended to cooperate with each other in this assembly position.

Abstract: A fuel control system for supplying metered quantities of fuel from a fuel supply (11), through a boost pump (13), a filter (21), a high pressure fuel pump (14), a metering valve (15) and a pressurizing valve (17) to an engine fuel manifold (19) includes an ecology valve (43) which provides a fuel flow path (41, 42, 71, 46, 18) between the pressurizing valve (17) and the engine fuel manifold. The status of the ecology valve (43) is solely determined by the status of the pressurizing valve (17). The ecology valve (43) includes a housing (93, 95, 97) with a piston (61) disposed therein which is reciprocable between two extreme positions. The piston (61) defines, in conjunction with the housing, a variable volume chamber (55) for withdrawing a one piston stroke volume of fuel from the engine fuel manifold when the engine is de-energized and the piston (61) moves from one extreme position to the other thereby purging the fuel manifold of fuel.

Abstract: A cooling apparatus is provided for a gas turbine moving blade and also to a gas turbine equipped with the cooling apparatus. The device is applicable to an electric power plant or the like, and more particularly, to a closed-loop cooling type cooling apparatus for a moving blade which achieves higher cooling efficiency by supplying in parallel a cooling medium from the inside of the turbine rotor to respective moving blades forming a plurality of stages and recovering the cooling medium which has been used for cooling so as to achieve higher energy efficiency.

Abstract: An electrostatic ion propulsion engine for satellites and spacecraft is equipped with an electron source for neutralizing the propellant gas ion beam or jet emitted by the engine. The electron source includes an anode housing, a hollow cathode tube with gas flowing therethrough, a cathode element at the outlet end of the cathode tube within the interior space of the anode housing, and a pin- or rod-shaped auxiliary electrode arranged along the lengthwise axis in the hollow cathode tube. An ignition pulse is applied to the auxiliary electrode relative to the cathode tube, which causes a pulse discharge in the cathode tube, and in turn ignites the gas discharge between the anode and the cathode which generates the electron current.

Abstract: A method controls the stroke of three circumferentially spaced apart actuators attached at respective joints to an actuation ring positionable to vector thrust in a gas turbine engine exhaust nozzle. The circumferential angular location of each of the actuator joints is specified. And, the stroke for each of the actuators is independently calculated using the joint locations in response to pitch and yaw commands. The actuators are then operated to effect the respective strokes therefor to position the nozzle. In a preferred embodiment, the angular locations are specified once, and trigonometric functions thereof are calculated and stored in memory. The stored values may then be used subsequently in calculating stroke as the pitch and yaw commands change.

Abstract: A system for controlling aeromechanical instability or flutter in turbofan engines having fan blades employs a sensor, such as an off-blade static pressure sensor or proximity detector mounted on a turbofan engine at an inlet of a rotor of the engine for generating a signal to detect resonance of the turbofan blades at frequencies associated with flutter. A controller is coupled to the sensor for generating by spatial Fourier decomposition from the sensor signal a command signal comprising a real time amplitude component and a spatial phase of disturbances of a predetermined nodal diameter and coincident with a natural frequency of resonance of a predetermined structural mode of the fan blades in the stationary frame. An actuator, such as a bleed valve or acoustic speaker, is mounted on the turbofan engine for damping flutter dynamics in response to the amplitude of the command signal.

Abstract: A gas turbine engine fan assembly has a plurality of axially swept fan exit guide vanes circumferentially disposed around an axially extending centerline, a plurality of fan frame struts having axially swept strut leading edges and circumferentially disposed around the centerline directly aft of the exit guide vanes, and an axially extending annular gap between the trailing edges of the fan exit guide vanes and the strut leading edges. Each of the fan exit guide vanes has pressure and suction sides, vane trailing edges, and is circumferentially leaned such that the pressure side facing radially inward. Preferably, the axially swept vane trailing edges and the axially swept strut leading edges generally conform to each other in shape. An annular splitter is radially disposed at a spanwise position to split airflow from the fan into fan bypass airflow and core engine airflow and includes a splitter leading edge preferably positioned aft of the strut leading edges.

Abstract: A thrust chamber assembly for liquid fueled rocket engines and the method of making it wherein a two-piece mandrel having the configuration of an assembly having a combustion chamber portion connected to a nozzle portion through a throat portion is wrapped with a silica tape saturated with a phenolic resin, the tape extending along the mandrel and covering the combustion chamber portion of the mandrel to the throat portion. The width of the tape is positioned at an angle of 30 to 50° to the axis of the mandrel such that one edge of the tape contacts the mandrel while the other edge is spaced from the mandrel. The phenolic in the tape is cured and the end of the wrap is machined to provide a frustoconical surface extending at an angle of 15 to 30° with respect to the axis of the mandrel for starting a second wrap on the mandrel to cover the throat portion.

Abstract: The method according to the invention is based on the discovery that the pollutant emissions in the first minutes of operation of an internal combustion engine also depend on the preceding operation and switching off procedure. It is suggested to subject the internal combustion engine and the catalytic converter to a cleaning or a scavenging phase before the standstill of the motor. With this cleaning or scavenging phase the movement of the internal combustion engine is still maintained for a certain time before standstill of the motor either by sparking or by an external drive and at least temporally in at least individual cylinders of the internal combustion engine the supply of fuel is interrupted and exclusively air is delivered. By way of this it is achieved that the remaining pollutants accumulated in the internal combustion engine are supplied to the catalytic converter which is still at the operating temperature and the catalytic converter is enriched with oxygen.

Abstract: A method of detecting catalytic converter deterioration based on the ratio of the arc length or the number of transitions of signals from sensors upstream and downstream of the converter where ratio determination is restricted to predefined air mass ranges within corresponding predefined engine speed/load ranges in order to avoid areas of engine speed and load instability that might impair test to test repeatability of the deterioration detection.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purifying apparatus of an internal combustion engine containing: an absorption-reduction catalyst which absorbs nitrogen oxides NOx included in exhaust when an air/fuel ratio of the exhaust is lean and reduces the absorbed NOx when the air/fuel ratio of the exhaust is a stoichiometric ratio or rich; and NOx amount estimating apparatus for estimating an amount of NOx absorbed in the NOx absorption-reduction catalyst; a rich spike executing apparatus for executing a rich spike while switching the air/fuel ratio to the stoichiometric ratio or to a rich air/fuel ratio when the amount of NOx estimated by the NOx amount estimating apparatus exceeds a permissible reference value; an atmospheric pressure detector for detecting atmospheric pressure; and an amount correcting apparatus for correcting the amount of NOx estimated by the NOx amount estimating apparatus, based on the atmospheric pressure detected by the atmospheric pressure detector, such that the amount of correction increases as atmospheric

Abstract: An object system for generating an output signal of an O2 sensor from a target air-fuel ratio is expressed as a model including a response delay element and a dead time element. Data of identified values of parameters of the model are sequentially generated by an identifier. Data of an estimated value of the output signal of the O2 sensor after a dead time of the object system is sequentially generated by an estimator. The target air-fuel ratio is generated according to an adaptive sliding mode control process performed by a sliding mode controller using the data of the identified and estimated values. The air-fuel ratio of an internal combustion engine is manipulated on the basis of the target air-fuel ratio according to a feed-forward control process.

Abstract: A power control system for a machine having an engine, a hydraulic system, a boom function, and a swing function is disclosed which comprises a sensor for determining the temperature of the engine, a sensor for determining the temperature of the hydraulic system, a cooling system associated with the engine, a cooling system associated with the hydraulic system, a controller connected to the sensors and the cooling systems, the controller for receiving the temperatures of the engine and the hydraulic system and for determining whether the temperatures are within acceptable ranges, the controller for detecting when a boom function and a swing function have been requested.

Abstract: A hydraulic machine of the gerotor type. The machine uses two gerotors which are preferably coplanar, and positioned nearly concentric to each other. This dual arrangement approximately doubles the displacement of hydraulic fluid per revolution, compared with a single gerotor, and thus doubles power transfer. Yet the housing containing the gerotors need only be large enough to contain the larger gerotor.

Abstract: A buoyancy engine is mounted on the sea floor above a natural gas vent. The engine captures emitted gas in a ring containing gas holding spaces. The gas imparts buoyant energy which is converted into rotational force as the gas ascends thru the apparatus, and the ring rotates. The ring is attached to a driveshaft mounted on bearings in the walls of the apparatus, and turns an electric generator.

Abstract: A Stirling cycle engine having two chambers (formed by 12-14, or 12, 15 and 16) containing a working fluid and rotatable rotor disks (10, 11) coupled to a common output power shaft (3). Each chamber has a hot zone and a cold zone, and a passage (23) leads from the hot zone in one chamber to the cold zone in the other chamber and a passage (24) leads from the hot zone in the other chamber to the cold zone in the one chamber. Each rotor disk (10, 11) has a displacer section (5) for displacing the working fluid and a turbine section (6) having turbine blades (7) arranged along its periphery. The disks (10, 11) rotate out of phase with each other and working fluid from the respective passages (23, 24) is directed to the blades (7) to rotate the disks (10, 11) when engine is in operation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a master cylinder with hydraulic reaction for a pneumatic brake booster, comprising a main piston (12) receiving a boost force, and a reaction piston (3), mounted so that it can slide in a reaction chamber (4) of the main piston and receiving an actuating force. The master cylinder of the invention also comprises a seat support (7) against which the reaction piston (3) can press and which is mounted so that it can slide towards a low-pressure chamber, the reaction piston (3) and this seat support in combination constituting a stepped assembly in the reaction chamber (3) capable of receiving, from the pressure in the reaction chamber (3), a force which combines with the braking effort after a sharp application of the brakes.

Abstract: The invention relates to a master cylinder with hydraulic reaction, comprising a working chamber (12) in which there slides a hollow main piston (13) inside which a reaction piston (14) delimits a reaction chamber (15) which communicates with the working chamber (12) through at least one non-return valve (22). According to the invention, the non-return valve (22) is installed on a floating stepped piston (23) using the kind of assembly used in brake pressure regulators, so as to limit the reaction force applied to the reaction piston (15).

Abstract: Hydraulic Brake System with a Device for Active Braking In order to enable a hydraulic brake system which has a self-priming return pump (14) to quickly fill the wheel brakes (5) in an active braking operation, the present invention discloses the provision of a pressure-volume converter (20) on the pressure side of the return pump (14). The converter (20) causes a large pressure fluid volume to be conducted into the brake line (4) to the wheel brake (5) concerned at a small delivery volume of the return pump (14). This is possible because a return pump can generate high pressure and, thus, produce a sufficient amount of force to displace a stepped piston which can then displace a large quantity of pressure fluid. To permit the development of a sufficient back pressure on the pressure side of the return pump (14), a pilot pressure non-return valve (19) is arranged in the pressure line (18) which extends in parallel to the pressure-volume converter (20).

Abstract: A body (12) of gas generating material for use in a gas generator (66) comprises an elastic matrix, and an outer periphery (14). At least one kerf (18) extends from the outer periphery (14) partially through the body (18) of gas generating material. The kerf (18) has an essentially closed configuration.

Abstract: The invention provides a method and apparatus for recovering work from a heat source and providing a cooling source that comprises: a. providing a selected working fluid comprising at least two components; to a first low pressure pump; b. feeding the selected working fluid to a dividing means; c. dividing the working fluid into a first stream and a second stream, d. feeding the first stream at a first low pressure to a first heat transfer zone to transfer heat to the working fluid stream heating the stream to a higher temperature, e. feeding the higher temperature stream to a separation means, f. separating a volatile component enriched stream and a volatile component depleted stream; g. heating the volatile component enriched stream; h. feeding the volatile component enriched stream to an expansion means i. expanding the volatile component enriched stream to a lower temperature and pressure; j.