Abstract: A color CRT suppresses deformation of the main shadow mask surface after fastening the shadow mask to the mask frame. Numerous substantially rectangular grooves or substantially circular recesses are formed in the damper part disposed to the shadow mask skirt so that the bending strength in the circumference direction of the skirt is greater than the bending strength in the direction parallel to the tube axis.

Abstract: A cathode-ray tube according to the present invention is able to automatically correct a color shading caused due to a repulsion effect and the like, which occurs between electron beams. An electron gun for use with the cathode-ray tube according to the present invention includes beam apertures bored through a first electrode opposing a cathode disposed in an inline fashion. Further, beam apertures through which so-called side beams pass are bored with a predetermined inclination relative to the opposing cathodes. Consequently, an electron lens formed between the cathode and the first electrode becomes an axial asymmetric electron lens. A curvature of this electron lens is changed in response to a drive voltage of the cathode. When this curvature is changed, trajectories of electron beams are changed to cancel an influence caused by a repulsion effect. Thus, a color shading can be corrected automatically.

Abstract: An electronic ballast for at least one low-pressure discharge lamp contains an inverter which is connected to a direct-voltage source (UBUS), a load circuit which is connected to the inverter and contains the lamp (LA) and a series resonant circuit, and an evaluating circuit arrangement (M1) which reacts to different operating states of the lamp (LA) and in the case of a defect or removal of the lamp (LA) generates corresponding signals which are used to switch off the inverter. Provided for the purpose of heating the coils (W1, W2) there is a heating transformer, the primary winding (Tp) of which is connected in series with a switch (S3) to the output of the inverter and in any case is connected to the direct-voltage source (UBUS) if the inverter is switched off on account of the heating-coil defect or the removal of the lamp (LA), with the switch (S3) being clocked in this off-phase.

Abstract: A luminescence controlling apparatus includes a rare gas pipe equipped with a pair of electrodes in which rare gas is sealed, a power supply for impressing voltage to the pair of electrodes and an electric charge absorption member for absorbing electrons generated during electric discharge of the rare gas pipe caused by impressing voltage to the pair of electrodes. The absorption member is disposed in the rare gas pipe. The luminescence controlling apparatus further includes a controller for controlling a luminescence amount of the rare gas pipe by adjusting a quantity of electrons absorbed by the electric charge absorption member.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fluorescence-reddening membrane which comprises a light-transmittable medium and, dispersed therein, (a) a rhodamine base fluorescence pigment and (b) a fluorescence pigment which has absorptions in the blue region and induces energy transfer to and reabsorptions from the rhodamine base fluorescence pigment.

Abstract: An active matrix electroluminescent display device (2) comprises an array of display pixels (4) arranged in rows (6) and columns (8). Each pixel (4) comprises a current-driven electroluminescent display element (10). Each row (6) of pixels (4) shares a common line (20), currents through the display elements (10) of a row (6) of pixels passing along the common line (20). The width of each common line (20) tapers from one end (20a) to the other (20b), the common line (20) being coupled to row driver circuitry at the wider end (20a). The resistance of the common lines is thus reduced at the end of the common line near to the row driver circuitry, where the current flowing is derived from all pixels within the row. The invention thereby reduces voltage drops along the common line, which contribute to cross-talk between pixels within a row.

Abstract: A flash lamp for underwater photography has at least two straight discharge tubes mounted to a panel perpendicularly to each other in a T-form or an L-form such that a circular target area can be illuminated. A plurality of smaller capacitors and transformers for these discharge tubes can be arranged inside a watertight housing in a space-efficient manner. The mode switching circuit for selecting between automatic and manual modes of operation is designed such that a single mode selecting switch needs to be operated in order to select a mode. A slave flash lamp has a more reliable control circuit having one or two light receiving circuits for detecting light from a master and outputting a corresponding light sensing signal, a start signal output circuit and a stop signal output circuit for analyzing the received light signal and analyzing it to detect start and stop signal elements and to output a start signal and a stop signal for causing flash light to start emission and to stop it.

Abstract: A printer belt drive control circuit comprises: an encoder count circuit (4) for counting output signals from a drive encoder (11) attached to a drive motor (10) and from a motor encoder attached to a belt motor (6), a servo controller which under control of a CPU (1) and outputs a rotation speed information of the belt motor (6) according to tan output signal from the encoder count circuit (4), and a motor drive signal generation circuit for converting an output information from the servo controller (2) into a form appropriate for an H-bridge driver circuit (5) which directly drives the belt motor (6).

Abstract: The expected power to be output from a synchronous motor is obtained based on a torque command value and revolution speed of the motor. Meanwhile electric power consumption is detected based on voltage and current actually applied to the motor. If a parameter derived from a deviation or a ratio of the two exceeds a predetermined threshold value, it is determined that step-out has occurred. When using the deviation of the expected power from the electric power consumption as the parameter, the threshold value is determined in relation to the torque command value and the revolution speed. When using the ratio of the expected power and the electric power consumption as the parameter, the threshold value is set in relation to the revolution speed. This enables step-out to be accurately determined with an extremely light computational load.

Abstract: The present invention provides a battery charging/discharging method for effectively using the battery energy of a power supply apparatus with a plurality of chargeable batteries. The power supply apparatus in which batteries are connected in parallel to the node of an external power source and a load comprises a charge/discharge monitor unit for judging whether the external power source is in a state where a load is driven and sufficient voltage to charge the batteries is outputted or in a state where sufficient voltage is not outputted and a discharge current should be supplied from the batteries to the load, switches inserted in series with each of the batteries, and an on/off control unit for controlling the on/off operation of the switches according to the output of the charge/discharge monitor unit and the charging/discharging state of each battery.

Abstract: An inventive potential generator generates a predetermined potential and includes first operational amplifier, current supply circuit and current sink circuit. A first reference potential is applied to the non-inverting input terminal of the first amplifier and a potential at the output node of the first amplifier is not only applied to the inverting input terminal of the first amplifier but also used as the output of the generator. The current supply circuit supplies a current to the output node of the first amplifier if the potential at the output node of the first amplifier is lower than a predefined level. And the current sink circuit drains a current from the output node of the first amplifier if the potential at the output node of the first amplifier is higher than the predefined level.

Abstract: The invention provides a circuit for supplying electric power to a load using a high voltage battery, the circuit supplying a dark current when the load is not being operated. A high voltage load and a low voltage load are attached to a battery and electric power is supplied to the low voltage load through a main DC-DC converter and a sub DC-DC converter. When an ignition switch is OFF, only the sub converter supplies the dark current to the low voltage load and the main DC-DC converter is turned OFF. When the ignition switch is ON, the main DC-DC converter supplies required electric power. Since a low-capacity sub DC-DC converter supplies the dark current, the battery discharge can be prevented.

Abstract: A hidden object sensor is described which senses and locates hidden objects hidden behind a surface of an architectural structure. The sensor includes sensing elements for sensing live wires behind the accessible surface, and separate sensing elements for respectively sensing metal and non-metallic objects behind the tested surface. A microprocessor alternates between the use of the various sensing elements and their associated circuits to detect live wires, metal objects, or wood studs. Visible and audible indicators are provided for indicating the device's mode of operation and the locations of sensed hidden objects.

Abstract: A method and device for cleaning an electrical contact. Semiconductor testing device. Process of manufacturing integrated circuits. The electrical contact is used for contacting an integrated circuit and accumulates debris during use. The method comprises directing electromagnetic radiation at the contact. The electromagnetic energy reacts with at least one of the contact and the debris so as to cause at least a portion of the debris on the contact to be removed. The electromagnetic radiation may comprise coherent radiation, such as electromagnetic radiation generated using a laser. The portion of the debris may comprise organic debris, aluminum oxide, polyimide, or other debris. According to one aspect of the invention, the contact comprises a conductive material and the electromagnetic radiation causes removal of the portion of the debris substantially without removal of the conductive material.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the contactless determination of planarity and a ferromagnetic metal strip during transit of the strip through a strip-processing line or cold-rolling line. Hysteresis loops repetitively impressed in the metal strip and the tangential magnetic field strength is measured at a surface thereof and electromagnetic parameters are determined from the time course of the tangential field strength signal. The parameters are functions of the mechanical stress which is evaluated to determine residual intrinsic stress distribution and then the planarity or nonplanarity of the strip.

Abstract: A sensor for facilitating the measurement of temperature and magnetic field is described. The sensor comprises an optical cable having a distal end encompassed in a sheath of giant magnetoresistive material. Temperature changes alter the spectrum emissivity of the giant magnetoresistive material. Magnetic field changes alter the spectrum changes that occur from distorting the optical fiber that occur when the giant magnetoresistive material distorts the optical fiber.

Abstract: For determining appropriately the direction of diffusive motion detecting gradient magnetic field to be applied for the measurement of the diffusion coefficient of a region of interest, a determining method produces three diffusion-weighted images by use of imaging pulse sequences which apply diffusive motion detecting gradient magnetic fields (MPG) along the x axis, y axis and z axis: (steps S1-S3). It composes an image from the diffusion-weighted images by allotting red color, green color and blue color to the images: (step S4). It sets a region of interest on the intensity-inverted image: (step S6). It determines the direction of diffusive motion detecting gradient magnetic field (MPG) to be applied for the measurement of the diffusion coefficient of the region of interest based on the hue of the region of interest on the intensity-inverted image: (step S7).

Abstract: The inspection unit has an engagement structure of a resilient locking finger and a finger deflection inspecting pin. The locking finger is provided in a terminal accommodation chamber defined in a connector housing for locking a terminal received in the terminal accommodation chamber. The finger deflection inspecting pin is provided in the inspection unit for inspecting an incomplete insertion state of the terminal. The finger deflection inspecting pin has a forward end portion formed with a concave surface. The locking finger has an extended forward end with a round head. When the extended forward end portion is received in and abuts against the concave surface, the extended forward end portion is guided by the concave surface due to the engagement structure. The concave surface may have a U-shaped section.

Abstract: Electrical filter circuits are tested by connecting to the filter inputs without the need to connect to the filter outputs or to disconnect the outputs from a load. A signal generator of known source resistance applies a.c. signals successively over a range of frequencies to the filter inputs, and a voltmeter monitors the voltage across the filter inputs. Different types of filter have different characteristic shapes for the voltage/frequency curve, and processing is applied to the measured results in a compute to determine the location of inflections in the curve and other characteristics of the curve. Methods are disclosed for determining the values of the individual sub-components of the filter. Where the filter is an L-C filter, an interactive process is applied to successively improve the accuracy of the component value determinations. Using the techniques described enables the insertion loss of the filter also to be readily calculated by the computer.

Abstract: An apparatus, process for forming an apparatus, and method for testing a semiconductor die having first and second die terminals. The apparatus includes a substrate having a coefficient of thermal expansion approximately equal to a thermal expansion coefficient of the die. The substrate includes first and second test terminals positioned on a surface of the substrate and positionable proximate to the die. The first test terminal is a conductive portion aligned with and spaced apart from a conductive portion of the first die terminal when the substrate is positioned proximate to the die. The first test terminal is coupleable to a variable power source current to generate a variable signal at the first test terminal and capacitively generate a corresponding signal at the first die terminal. The second test terminal is aligned with the second die terminal when the conductive portion of the first test terminal is aligned with the first die terminal.

Abstract: The invention provides an FPGA interconnect structure preferably included in an array of identical tiles. A combination of single-length lines connecting to adjacent tiles and intermediate-length lines connecting to tiles several tiles away creates an interconnect hierarchy which allows any logic block to be connected to any other logic block, yet also allows for fast paths to both adjacent tiles and tiles some distance away. Longer interconnect lines may be included as a third level of hierarchy to permit interconnection of widely separated tiles. In a preferred embodiment, from a given tile an intermediate-length line connects to the tile three tiles away, then continues and connects to the tile six tiles away. In this embodiment, the intermediate-length line does not connect to the intervening tiles one, two, four, and five tiles away.

Abstract: A circuit is designed with a first transistor (661) having a current path coupled between a supply terminal (32) and a first output terminal (665). A second transistor has a current path coupled between the first output terminal and a reference terminal. The current path of the second transistor current path has substantially the same width and length as the first transistor current path. A first comparator circuit (679, 685) has first (668) and second (23) input terminals and a second output terminal (681). The first input terminal is coupled to the first output terminal. The first comparator circuit produces a control signal in response to a voltage between the first and second input terminals. A generator circuit (80) receives the control signal and produces an output voltage at the supply terminal.

Abstract: A high-frequency switch circuit having an MOS pass gate or transfer transistor. The switch circuit of the invention includes a first impedance element coupled to the gate of the transfer transistor and, preferably, an alternative second impedance element coupled to the bulk of the transfer transistor. One or both of the impedance elements substantially negates the low-parasitic shunt capacitance associated with the transfer transistor that controls signal attenuation under high frequency operation. The impedance element is coupled in series with that parasitic capacitance to increase substantially the impedance of that pathway, thereby increasing substantially the passable bandwidth. The impedance element may simply be a resistor. The switch circuit is suitable for use in an array of applications, including signal propagation in computing systems, routers, and flat panel screen displays.

Abstract: A programmable circuit includes a first node and provides a programmed signal based on the state of the first node. A first anti-fuse has a programmed state and an unprogrammed state and couples the first node to a first power supply when in the programmed state and decouples the first node from the first power supply when in the unprogrammed state. A second anti-fuse has a programmed state and an unprogrammed state and couples the first node to a second power supply when in the programmed state and decouples the first node from the second power supply when in the unprogrammed state. The state of the programmed signal can be used to replace a primary circuit element of an integrated circuit with a redundant circuit element.

Abstract: A charge pump circuit (1) comprises a series of voltage boosting stages (11), each stage (11) comprising a switching means (10) and a capacitive element (12) connected in series between the input to the stage and a respective voltage control terminal (14,15). The voltage control terminals (14,15) comprise at least two groups of terminals receiving respective timed control voltages, and adjacent stages (11) are associated with different terminal groups. The switching means (10) of one or more stages (11) comprises a lateral PIN junction diode. The use of diodes enables the charge pump circuit itself to operate from a lower supply voltage than is possible with the use of TFTs. The use of lateral PIN diodes enables the charge pump circuit to be formed using the same processing as may be required for TFT's of the circuit to which the boosted voltage is supplied. This enables the charge pump circuit to be formed on a common substrate with higher voltage TFT circuitry for, for example, an AMLCD.

Abstract: A filter device includes a first section for receiving data of a desired cutoff frequency. A second section operates for deciding whether the desired cutoff frequency is in a predetermined low frequency band or a predetermined high frequency band. The predetermined low frequency band is lower in frequency than the predetermined high frequency band. A third section stores data of filter coefficients corresponding to different cutoff frequencies in the predetermined low frequency band. A fourth section stores data of precalculated basic coefficients corresponding to different cutoff frequencies in the predetermined high frequency band. The precalculated basic coefficients are equal to values resulting from a part of calculation to provide final filter coefficients. A fifth section operates for calculating final filter coefficients from precalculated basic coefficients through a coefficient expanding process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an input buffer for a switched emitterfollower-like track-and-hold amplifier comprising an input stage with an input transistor (Q1), a first diode (Q2, Q2b), a cathode side of which first diode (Q2, Q2b) is connected to an emitter of the input transistor (Q1), a first current source (4) between on the one hand the junction between the cathode of the first diode (Q2, Q2b) and the emitter of the input transistor (Q1) and on the other hand a first supply voltage line (2), an anode of the first diode (Q2, Q2b) being connected to a track-and-hold controlled emitterfollower (6). The first current source (4) is a non-switched constant current source, and a second current source (M1) is connected between a collector of the input transistor (Q1) and a second supply voltage (3).

Abstract: Disclosed is a distortion compensating apparatus for correcting the size of a distortion compensation coefficient in such a manner that a transmit signal that has undergone distortion compensation will not exceed the dynamic range of a DA converter. Specifically, before a distortion compensation coefficient hn+1(p) that has been calculated by a calculation unit is stored in a coefficient memory, an assumption is made that distortion compensation will be performed using the distortion compensation coefficient hn+1(p). Then it is determined beforehand whether a signal x(t)*hn+1(p) that will be obtained by this distortion compensation will exceed the limit of a DA converter. If the limit will be exceeded, the size of the distortion compensation coefficient is reduced by a correction unit, the corrected distortion compensation coefficient is stored in the memory and the transmit signal is corrected using the stored distortion compensation coefficient.

Abstract: A three-state phase detector, including two latches and one NAND gate, is provided with two additional latches. To detect a phase difference between first and second input clock signals R and V, the phase detector alternates among three states responsive to a rising edge of the input R or V signal. Each of the two additional latches and an associated latch in the phase detector together constitute one shift register. When the phase detector gets back to its neutral state, the NAND gate generates a reset signal, thereby resetting all of these four latches. Two isolated pulse generators are further provided. Each of the pulse generators makes the pulse width of a frequency difference pulse signal, output from associated one of the additional latches, constant and then outputs the pulse signal with the constant width.

Abstract: A voltage control oscillation circuit is provided on the respective layers of a ceramic multilayer substrate, and an unbalanced transmission line and a balanced transmission line are provided to sandwich a predetermined ceramic layer, whereby an unbalance-balance conversion circuit is defined due to the mutual induction coupling between the transmission lines.

Abstract: An electromagnetic resonator has a resonant element made of a high-temperature superconducting material such as YBa2Cu3O7-x. The resonant element has a substrate coated with a thermally conductive layer such as silver, over which the high-temperature superconductor material is placed. The thermally conductive layer distributes heat along the length of the resonant element to minimize the effects of localized heating at, for instance, the center of the resonator. The resonant element is held to a housing by a mounting mechanism including a post made of polycrystalline alumina. The polycrystalline alumina transfers heat away from the center of the resonant element and may be used to suppress spurious response due to second harmonic resonance.

Abstract: A microwave resonator, in particular for a filter, comprising a resonant cavity having positioned therein a plane resonator element, frequency tuning means, and intermode coupling means, the resonator element being made of a dielectric material that is at least approximately in the shape of a parallelogram and being disposed transversely in the cavity in such a manner that the vertices of the parallelogram are short-circuited to one another by the conductive inner wall of said cavity. The resonator has at least one other plane resonator element made of dielectric material in a shape that is at least approximately that of a parallelogram, the resonator elements being placed close together, mutually parallel, and extending transversely to a central axis of the cavity. The frequency tuning means and the intermode coupling means are positioned between the parallel resonator elements.

Abstract: An electromagnetic actuator for an automotive internal combustion engine is provided which has a stator, the weight of which is reduced. The electromagnetic actuator has a pair of electromagnets each made up of a stator and a coil, an armature disposed between the pair of electromagnets so as to be reciprocable therebetween, and a first stem provided on one side of the armature for transmitting the movement of the armature to external. The stator is formed by powder molding.

Abstract: A reminder system operating at a specified location is provided. When an information ID (such as an “address C, B, AA, and bookstore”) transmitted from a small antenna station agrees with information (such as an “address C, B, AA, and bookstore”) stored in a memory of a reminder passing by the installation location of the small antenna station, the reminder outputs an alarm, and displays free messages (“The address here is C, B, AA” and “There is a bookstore”) on the display of the reminder. Thus, a user carrying the reminder is alerted to the business input in advance to the reminder.

Abstract: A method for detecting an information signal, tone and/or a phase change of a tone in one or more signals which contain inter alia this information signal or this tone, is characterized in that each signal is divided into segments (blocks), in that only a selection of the blocks are further processed for detection, whereas the blocks which have not been selected are not processed further, wherein the signal in the blocks is made available for further processing in the form of samples of a signal in the time domain, in that the blocks are subjected to a transformation, for example a transformation from the time domain to the frequency domain, in order to produce at least one output value, and in that a decision regarding detection is made with the aid of at least one output value of the transformation. If necessary, the output values of the transformation of a plurality of selected blocks can be mapped by a function or mapping in at least one result and the result is used to produce a decision value.

Abstract: An OTA circuit is disposed between a differential pair composed of NMOS transistors and an NMOS follower transistor that composes an output buffer circuit. The OTA circuit generates a compensation current that is equal to a current that flows in a capacitance formed between the gate and the drain of each of the differential pair transistors and that flows in the reverse direction thereof. The compensation current cancels the current that flows in the capacitance formed between the gate and the drain of each of the differential pair transistors. Thus, a differential amplifier that has a high accuracy and, high gain, and a wide frequency band and that operates at a low power voltage can be accomplished. Using a differential amplifier having a high gain and a wide frequency band, a comparator that operates at high speed and an A/D converter using such a comparator can be accomplished.

Abstract: For use with an electric meter chassis having a dielectric housing protruding therefrom, an antenna for allowing electric meter circuitry within the chassis to communicate wirelessly through the dielectric housing and a method of manufacturing the same. In one embodiment, the antenna includes: (1) antenna elements, located within the dielectric housing and adapted to transmit and receive electromagnetic radiation and (2) a balance circuit, coupled to the antenna elements to cause the antenna elements to act as an antenna and couplable to an unbalanced output port of a wireless communication circuit, that balances an impedance of the unbalanced output port thereby to balance the antenna.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for coupling a signal to an antenna structure, as well as to an antenna structure, which comprises at least two antenna elements (101, 102), a ground plane (105) for grounding the antenna structure, a coupling line (106) for coupling a first antenna element and a second antenna element to each other, and a feeding line (107) for feeding the antenna structure through one feeding point. The first antenna element (101) is next to the ground plane and perpendicular to the ground plane (105). The second antenna element (102) is above the ground plane and parallel to the ground plane. The first antenna element is arranged to receive information on a reception band of a broadband radio system and the second antenna element is arranged to transmit information on a transmission band of said broadband radio system.

Abstract: A transmission line 2 to one end of which an electric signal is inputted has &lgr;/4 transmission lines 3, 4 connected to the other end thereof. An element antenna la is connected to the other end of the &lgr;/4 transmission line 3 via a transmission line 5, and an element antenna 1b is connected to the other end of the &lgr;/4 transmission line 3 via a transmission line 6. An element antenna 1c is connected to the other end of the &lgr;/4 transmission line 4 via a transmission line 7, and an element antenna 1d is connected to the other end of the &lgr;/4 transmission line 4 via a transmission line 8. Impedances of the transmission lines 2-8 and the &lgr;/4 transmission lines 3, 4 are set to 50 &OHgr;, respectively.

Abstract: For example, a display element (1) formed by an organic EL element and a control element formed by a MOS transistor (2) are connected in series between a driving line (6) to be driven with a voltage or a current and a ground. A gate of the MOS transistor (2) is connected to a control line (7) through a nonvolatile data holding section such as a ferroelectric capacitor (3), and control data of the MOS transistor (2) can be held in a floating state. As a result, the ON/OFF data of each pixel are held in the floating state, and display data are rewritten to only a pixel to be changed in a display state of ON/OFF or the like and held data are displayed on a pixel which is not changed in the display data. Consequently, it is possible to obtain a nonvolatile display device capable of reducing power consumption and operating with a small battery.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a display section having pixel rows, and shift registers which drive the pixel rows. The pixel rows are classified into an upper blanking region, a vide display region and a lower blanking region, and a scanning period is classified into a vide display period and a blanking period. The shift registers are grouped into first to third groups such that the first to third groups are independently controlled. The first and third groups are subjected to shifting operations for the upper and lower regions during the blanking period, respectively. The first and third groups drives the display section such that blanking data is written into the upper and lower blanking regions during the blanking period, and the second group drives the display section such that video data is written into the video display region during the vide display period.

Abstract: The input device of the present invention includes: a base having a slide surface; a movable body slidable on the slide surface; a light-emitting element for emitting light; a reflective portion which is provided for the movable body and has a reflective surface for reflecting the light emitted by the light-emitting element; and a plurality of light-receiving elements for receiving the light reflected by the reflective portion.

Abstract: An electronic shopping-cart handle with a hand bar and a display unit having an informational display screen for a product directory and periodic display of advertisements, the display unit having operating controls operable by a user's thumbs while maintaining a hand grip on the hand bar for displaying select user information on the display screen.

Abstract: Morphing is performed without self-intersection in a vector space, for the outlines for various types and shapes of figures. The morphing is performed by apparatus containing an outline extractor, for receiving two target figures for the morphing process and for extracting a set of outlines for each of the target figures; an outline tree generator and an outline tree arrangement unit, for retaining one specific outline of each of the two sets of outlines and for deleting the other outlines; an outline editor, for performing a smoothing process for the two outlines for the target figures that are retained by the outline tree arrangement unit in order to prevent self-intersection during the morphing process; and a sequence generator and a morphing viewer, for performing the morphing process in response to the progress made by the smoothing process performed by the smoothing processor.

Abstract: A transmitter-receiver of three-dimensional skeleton structure motions in which motion data of a skeleton structure in three-dimensional computer graphics (CG) is transmitted from a transmitting end to a receiving end and, based on the transmitted skeleton structure motion data, to create animation at the receiving end, the transmitter-receiver comprises (1) transmitting means for deciding either of transmitting formats: (a) the motion data of the skeleton structure is added to an initial information and then transmitted as time series data; and (b) the motion data of the skeleton structure is disassembled into element data characterizing the motions in three-dimensional virtual space and then transmitted as data in which the disassembled element data is accompanied by connection methods thereto, and then transmitting the initial information to which the motion data of the skeleton structure is added based on the decided transmission format, as CG animation data, the initial information including hierarchy da

Abstract: This invention provides an image display apparatus for displaying data stored in a random access memory (RAM) such as LCD, more specifically a display driver achieving easy and flexible display control such as scroll in a display screen without increasing load on CPU and an image display apparatus including the same.

Abstract: Two-dimensional addresses of lateral lines of a rectangular area are produced in a prescribed scanning order in a sender-memory control unit as readout addresses of a sender's memory, pieces of pixel data corresponding to the readout addresses are read out from the sender's memory, the pieces of pixel data read out are sub-sampled at a sample ratio of n:1 in a direction of each lateral line according to a quincunx method in a data transforming unit, two-dimensional write addresses of a receiver's memory are produced in a receiver-memory control unit, and pieces of sub-sampled pixel data are written in the receiver's memory. Accordingly, the pieces of pixel data can be sub-sampled and transferred at a high speed in a DMA transfer apparatus.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of menu-based control of external devices connected to a digital audio/video apparatus. According to this invention, in response to user's request of a menu for selection of the external devices that have been connected to the digital audio/video apparatus, a menu image is displayed on the digital audio/video apparatus, each menu item corresponding to each of the connected external device. When one of the external devices is selected from the menu, a menu image including menu items for executing operations of the selected external device is requested and displayed on the digital audio/video apparatus. The operations of the selected external device can be selected and executed from the menu. This invention allows a user to conveniently, centrally examine and execute various operations or functions of external devices such as a DVD player that are connected to a central digital audio/video apparatus without the direct access to the external devices.

Abstract: Of the four basic colors of cyan, magenta, yellow, and black, each of two basic colors of cyan and magenta is expressed by two different inks, that is, light ink and normal ink which have different densities for the corresponding color. For each of the basic colors of cyan and magenta, after tone correction is performed in S2 (S108) to attain a linear input/output characteristic, an optimum group of conversion tables T3 that matches the user's selected set of printer characteristic is selected in S110 from the plurality of groups of conversion tables T3, which have been prepared in advance in correspondence with a plurality of sets of printer characteristics. Color data Ci″, Mi″ for each of the cyan and magenta basic colors is converted in S112 into color data Cl and Cn and Ml and Mn for light ink and normal ink of the corresponding color based on the selected group of conversion tables T3.

Abstract: A recording apparatus wherein a recording head which has been mounted can be identified more precisely by measuring characteristics of the recording head to obtain information for defining a drive condition of the head and storing the characteristics as ID information of the recording head.