Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods and apparatus for accurately controlling the quantity of material dispensed from dispensing systems. In one aspect of the present invention, a dispensing system includes a calibration system, which collects and measures an amount of material dispensed during a calibration routine. The calibration dispensing pattern and the amount of material dispensed from the dispensing system during the calibration routine are representative of an actual dispensing pattern. The measured amount of material collected during the calibration routine is compared with a target quantity. The dispensing system is adjusted if the difference between the quantity of collected material and the target quantity is greater that a predetermined tolerance.

Abstract: A tire, and an apparatus and method for forming a tire. The tire may either be a tubed or tubeless tire, and is filled with a mixture of virgin rubber and small rubber pieces. Preferably, a machine grinds the core of used flatproofed tires, or pieces thereof, into a finely communicated pulverulent. The pulverent is mixed with liquid virgin flatproofing material, such as a polyurethane. An injector introduces this mixture, into the core of a tire, typically through a valve. The core of the tire is preferably substantially filled with this mixture. The injector may take the form of one or more elongated screws and the mixing may occur as the ground rubber is being conveyed by the screw.

Abstract: An external electrode forming apparatus is used to form external electrodes on the component chips. The external electrode forming apparatus comprises a component conveyer belt, a belt feeding mechanism, a component-inserting machine, a component-reversing machine, a paste-coating machine, and a component-discharging machine. For the component-inserting machine, the component-reversing machine, and the component-discharging machine, pressure pins are used to insert or move the component chips. These pressure pins have at the tip part a taper portion with a tip shape smaller than that of the component holding hole. Since the pressure pins of this type are used, the tip portions of these pressure pins may be prevented from impinging upon the opening edges of the component holding holes, and the pressure pins after the impingement may be hindered from forcibly being inserted into the component holding holes, whereby damage to the interiors of the component holding holes can be extremely diminished.

Abstract: A gas panel for use with a tool for manufacturing a semiconductor includes a one-piece manifold body having an inlet for receiving a process gas. The manifold body has at least one lateral wall extending in the general direction of gas flow. The lateral wall includes at least one active device site having an active device thereon. The active device is in gas communication with a gas carrying path formed within the one-piece manifold. The active device may be a manual valve, a pneumatic valve, a pressure regulator, a pressure transducer, a purifier, a filter or a flow controller. The gas is received from the active device at a continuation of the gas flow path in the manifold body and is conveyed to a manifold outlet for ultimate to the tool.

Abstract: An electron beam radiation apparatus having an electrostatic deflector capable of deflecting the electron beam with high accuracy and with a reduced displacement of the deflection position, is disclosed. The electrostatic deflector comprises a cylindrical holding member made of an insulating material and a plurality of electrodes separately fixed from each other inside of the holding member with at least a part of the surface thereof covered with a metal film. The holding member has a plurality of wedge-shaped fixing holes corresponding to the portions of the electrodes where they are fixed, respectively, the holes having a larger diameter on the outer peripheral surface than on the inner peripheral surface of the holding member. The electrodes are fixed on the holding member in such a manner that a molten joining metal is injected in the fixing holes with the electrodes arranged on the holding member and the joining metal is hardened in close contact with the metal film of the electrodes.

Abstract: Two load lock chambers 130 and 132 are arranged between a first transfer chamber 122 and a second transfer chamber 133. Each of the load lock chambers is capable of accommodating a single wafer W. The first transfer chamber 122 is provided with a first transfer unit 124 having two substrate holders 124a, 124b each capable of holding a single object to be processed, in order to transport the wafer W among a load port site 120, the first load lock chamber 130, the second load lock chamber 132 and a positioning unit 150. The second transfer chamber 133 is provided with a second transfer unit 156 having two substrate holders 156a, 156b each capable of holding the single object to be processed, in order to transport the wafer between the first load lock chamber 130, the second load lock chamber 132 and respective vacuum processing chambers 158 to 164. Since the volume of each load lock chamber can be minimized, it is possible to perform the prompt control of atmospheres in the load lock chambers.

Abstract: A vacuum arc evaporation source 30 evaporates cathodes by vacuum arc discharge to thereby generate plasmas 36 and 38 containing cathode materials. The vacuum arc evaporation source 30 has two cathodes 32 and 34 composed of different kinds of materials from each other and insulated electrically from each other. The cathodes 32 and 34 are disposed coaxially with each other through an insulating material 40. The two cathodes 32 and 34 are used switchably, so that a laminate film including a plurality of heterogeneous films can be formed by evaporation sources which are smaller in number than those in the related art.

Abstract: A deposited film-forming apparatus comprising a reaction chamber capable of being vacuumed in which glow discharge is caused by means of a high frequency power supplied by a high frequency power introduction means to form a deposited film on a substrate positioned in said reaction chamber, wherein said high frequency power introduction means comprises an insulating material as a base constituent and has a region isolated from a glow discharge zone of said reaction chamber by means of said insulating material wherein an electrode comprising an electrically conductive metallic material having a thickness capable of sufficiently transmitting said high frequency power is disposed in said region such that it is contacted with said insulating material in a state with no clearance. A deposited film-forming process using said deposited film-forming apparatus.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for depositing a film on a substrate. According to the present invention a prewafer reaction layer is deposited onto a susceptor placed in the reaction chamber to form a prewafer reaction layer coated susceptor prior to film deposition. A deposition gas is then fed into the reaction chamber so that it flows over the prewafer reaction layer coated susceptor and the substrate to form a film on the prewafer reaction layer coated susceptor and the substrate.

Abstract: A device located between two successive granular beds (203) and (205) for injecting a secondary fluid can produce and distribute a polyphase mixture between said secondary fluid and a fluid or mixture of fluids originating from the upper granular bed and comprises a chamber for injecting a secondary fluid (201), the secondary fluid being injected into said device, and means (204) for bringing said secondary fluid into contact with at least a portion of the fluid or mixture of fluids originating from the upper granular bed (203) and for simultaneous distribution (208) of the mixture resulting from said contact to the lower granular bed (205).

Abstract: A silicon wafer supporting device, for supporting a silicon wafer whose underside is subjected to an evaporation process, including a plate-like element (10) and a plurality of bracket-like elements (12). These bracket-like elements (12) are selectively fixed to the plate-like element (10) and adapted to support at least one silicon wafer (2) at the silicon wafer's perimeter. This supporting device has at least one blind seat (11) which is formed at the lower surface of the plate-like element (10) and is adapted to accommodate the at least one silicon wafer (2) whose lower side is subjected to an evaporation process.

Abstract: An aviary for housing animals having a floor, a plurality of side walls and a ceiling forming at least one main room and a vestibule separate from the main room. The vestibule has at least two doors, one interior door and one exterior door, that allow people to enter and leave the aviary while keeping the animals securely housed within the main room, away from the exterior door of the aviary. The aviary has at least one footing with a pest shroud for keeping rodents and the like from climbing the footing up to the aviary.

Abstract: A toy for pets, which is designed to encourage sedentary pets to exercise by attracting them to the chaotic movement of a movable object, is provided. The toy for animals includes a rotating unit, which is provided so as to allow the axis of rotation to be angled with respect to the vertical direction; a first rod having a base portion connected coaxially with the axis of rotation and a tip portion bent with respect to the base portion; a second rod, which is connected to the tip portion of the first rod and has enough flexibility to be deflected from the longitudinal direction; and a movable object mounted to the tip of the second rod with a string material. The movable object is moved chaotically in the vertical and horizontal directions within a three-dimensional space around the rotating unit by chaotically rotating the axis of rotation of the rotating unit in an arbitrary rotating direction.

Abstract: A Pressure Relief System for attachment to pressurized vessels, containers, reactors, boilers, etc., utilizing liquid(s) as a working part of the Pressure Relief System.

Abstract: A superatmospheric combustion apparatus and a method of operating such an apparatus include providing a superatmospheric combustion device having a lean gas chamber, a combustor, a heat recovery section, and an exhaust, feeding lean gas to the lean gas chamber, providing a heat sink/pressure equalization chamber and a preheated air chamber within the combustion device, feeding pressurized ambient air to the heat sink/pressure equalization chamber, feeding preheated air to the preheated air chamber, exchanging heat from the lean gas chamber, the preheated air chamber, and the combustor to the pressurized ambient air in the heat sink/pressure equalization chamber, feeding the lean gas from the lean gas chamber to the combustor, feeding the preheated air from the preheated air chamber to the combustor, and combusting the lean gas and the preheated air in the combustor at superatmospheric pressure.

Abstract: An radiator and charge-air-cooling package made up of two air cooled heat exchangers: a radiator and a charge-air-cooler, the heat exchangers being attached to one another directly or indirectly and then attachable to a chassis or body of the vehicle. The two heat exchangers are both longer than wide with each having center cooling areas. Each heat exchanger has cooling cores in which their coolant flows. Air passes across these cooling cores when the vehicle moves to cool the coolant. The long sides of each of the heat exchangers are geometrically out of synch with the other. With the center cooling areas of each of the heat exchangers overlapping each other, at least one end of each heat exchanger may be unfettered by air flow the other heat exchanger.

Abstract: In a water-cooled outboard marine engine, a heat transfer portion is provided in an exit passage located between an outlet end of a cylinder water jacket and a cooling water outlet passage at a position upstream of the thermostat valve. Thus, when the thermostat valve has opened and the cooling water expelled from the water jacket via the thermostat valve has been replaced by freshly introduced cooling water, the heat transfer portion having a certain heat capacity warms the freshly introduced cooling water so that the rapid change in the cooling water temperature at the thermostat valve and the resulting hunting of the thermostat valve can be avoided.

Abstract: In a cooling system for a vehicular engine wherein a cooling water storage chamber communicating with the top of a water jacket provided in an engine body is located at a position higher than the engine body, a connecting hose is not used, whereby it is intended to decrease the number of components used and facilitate the assembling work. A cooling water storage chamber is formed within a vessel member which is connected directly to an upper portion of an engine body.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine is constructed to include a variable compression ratio mechanism. The mechanism has the following structure. An upper link has one end pivotally connected to a piston pin of a piston of the engine. A lower link is pivotally disposed on a crank pin of a crankshaft of the engine and has one part pivotally connected to the other end of the upper link. A control shaft extends substantially in parallel with the crankshaft. A control link has an end pivotally connected to the other part of the lower link. The other end of the control link is connected to the control shaft through an eccentric bearing structure, so that rotation of the control shaft about its axis induces a pivoting of the lower link about the crank pin varying the stroke of the piston.

Abstract: To provide a two-cycle internal combustion engine including: a cylinder; an exhaust opening provided in a portion, on one side in the peripheral direction, of the cylinder; a plurality of scavenging openings for performing schnurle scavenging, the scavenging openings being located at positions which are laterally symmetric with respect to a cylinder symmetric plane containing the exhaust opening and the center line of the cylinder; a chamber portion adjacent to the cylinder; a communication passage for communicating the cylinder to the chamber portion, the communication passage having a cylinder side opening located opposite to the exhaust opening with respect to the center line of the cylinder; and a control valve for openably/closably controlling the communication passage so as to blow a rich air-fuel mixture into the combustion chamber from the cylinder side opening of the communication passage by a high compression gas stored in the chamber portion; wherein it is intended to speedily mix the rich air-fuel

Abstract: An air-preintroduction type, two-stroke internal combustion engine which is capable of minimizing the quantity of blow-by, thus making it possible to improve the fuel consumption and to reduce the content of poisonous components in the exhaust gases, and is also capable of reasonably and compactly arranging the peripheral components of the engine, thereby making it possible to reduce the number of parts, to lighten the weight thereof, to save the manufacturing cost thereof, and to simplify the working and assembling thereof. The engine is characterized in that an air inlet passageway for introducing air into the scavenging passageways of the engine is provided at a mating face between the cylinder and the crankcase of the engine.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a modular camshaft assembly having an elongated shaft, at least one cam lobe assembly, at least one spacer assembly, and a cam adapter assembly. Each cam lobe assembly is selectively secured to the elongated shaft. Each spacer assembly is secured to the elongated shaft, wherein the spacer assembly is selectively positioned adjacent the cam lobe assembly. The cam adapter assembly is secured to the elongated shaft and adapted to connect the modular camshaft assembly to a drive assembly.

Abstract: In an electromagnetic actuator for actuating a gas exchange valve of an internal combustion engine, the actuator includes at least one electromagnet which is arranged in a housing and acts on an armature through which at least one passage extends transversely with respect to the direction of movement of the armature for conducting a coolant through the armature.

Abstract: In a direct injection engine which comprises an injector (22) for directly injecting fuel into a combustion chamber (15) and a lean NOx catalyst (36), an ECU (50) changes the air-fuel ratio from that higher than the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio to that substantially equal to or lower than the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio. When the air-fuel ratio has changed from a air-fuel ratio higher than the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio to an air-fuel ratio substantially equal to or lower than the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio, the ECU controls to divisionally execute fuel injection from the injector (22) in at least two injections, i.e., leading injection that starts within the intake stroke period and trailing injection that starts within the compression stroke period.

Abstract: A method of controlling operation of a portable, combustion-engined tool including a combustion chamber (1) an inlet/outlet valve (26) of which is closed or is opened dependent on an operational phase of the tool, with the method including igniting a fuel gas mixture filling the combustion chamber (1) for build-up of gas pressure therein and closing or opening the inlet/outlet valves (26) dependent on the gas pressure developed in the combustion chamber (1), and a tool in which the method is implemented.

Abstract: A device for the relative rotational angle adjustment of a cam shaft of a internal combustion engine to a drive wheel, with an interior part that is connected in a stationary manner with the cam shaft and is equipped with at least roughly radially running ribs or fins, and with a driven cellular wheel, which is equipped with several cells that are distributed across the circumference and limited by ribs. These cells are divided into two pressure chambers by the ribs or fins of the interior part, which are guided in an articulating manner, and the cam shaft is adjustable through the ribs or fins between two final positions relative to the cellular wheel when hydraulic pressure is applied and/or relieved through control lines.

Abstract: A device for relative angular adjustment between two drive-connected elements rotating at the same rotational speed, in particular between a chain wheel and a camshaft of an internal combustion engine, includes, as an actuating drive, an electrically commutated electric motor with, as coil part, a stator arranged fixedly relative to the housing.

Abstract: The invention concerns a device (1) for varying the valve timing of gas exchange valves of an internal combustion engines, and the invention more particularly concerns a hydraulic camshaft adjusting device of a rotary piston type comprising a drive pinion (5) connected in driving relationship to a crankshaft, and a winged wheel (6) connected rotationally fast to a camshaft (4). The drive pinion (5) comprises a hollow space (10) defined by a circumferential wall (7) and two side walls (8, 9), a plurality of hydraulic working chambers being formed in the hollow space (10) by a plurality of limiting walls. The winged wheel (6) comprises a plurality of radial wings (14) that extend individually into the hydraulic working chambers (12) and divide these into first and second hydraulic pressure chambers (15, 16) which, when pressurized by a hydraulic pressure medium, effect a pivoting or a fixing of the winged wheel (6) relative to the drive pinion (6).

Abstract: A valve drive mechanism includes a tappet assembly which comprises a center tappet, a pair of side tappets between which the center tappet is interposed so as to move relatively to the side tappets, and a locking/unlocking mechanism operative to mechanically couple the center tappet to both of the side tappets and to uncouple the center tappet from both of the side tappets so as to selectively transmit rotation of a high lift center cam and low lift side cams to twin valves such as twin intake valves and twin exhaust valves per cylinder. Locking/unlocking of the center tappet and each side tappet is performed in a position which is in a vertical plane including a center axis of each side tappet and intersecting perpendicularly to an axial direction of a camshaft and is offset from the center axis of the side tappet.

Abstract: A hollow camshaft (19) lubrication system for aircraft engines that supplies lubricant (14) to cam lobe surfaces (25) from the interior surface (22) of the hollow camshaft (19) even during periods when aircraft operation moves the rotation axis of the hollow camshaft (19) from horizontal.

Abstract: A valve drive mechanism includes a generally cylindrically shaped tappet assembly (24) comprising a center tappet (41 ) and a side tappet (42). The center tappet (41 ) has a circular-arcuate side walls (41c) formed with vertical side shrouds (41d) at opposite sides of each side wall (41c) which overlap and slide contact with opposite end guide walls (42h) of the side tappet (42), respectively. When the tappet assembly (24) is in an unlocked state so as to transmit rotation of the side cams (25, 27), the vertical side shroud (41d) of the center tappet (41 ) slide on the vertical side walls (42h) of the side tappet 42 so as thereby to guide slide movement of the center tappet (41 ) relative to the side tappet (42).

Abstract: The invention is directed to a starter system for an internal combustion engine, comprising an electric starter; a starter battery for warming up or starting the combustion engine; a temperature measuring device for measuring the temperature of the starter battery; a power electronics module, which actively varies the magnitude of a discharge current drawn from the starter battery for the purpose of warming up or starting the engine; and a control device, feeding the power electronics module with the value of the discharge current to be varied, where, at low battery temperatures, the maximum discharge current is lower than at high temperatures. The invention is also directed to a method for starting an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: An adjustable intake pipe, especially for supplying combustion air to an internal combustion engine, which includes a collector chamber arranged in a control element which has an essentially cylindrical configuration. Due to its construction, the collector chamber has a larger volume than required for the air supply, so that the chamber is not used efficiently. In accordance with the invention, the collection chamber is used in such a way that additional components of the intake tract defined by the intake pipe, i.e. the intake tract of an internal combustion engine, can be arranged in the collection chamber volume. This can be achieved, for example, by arranging a resonance chamber (20) within the collector chamber (11) with the resonance chamber being connected to the air supply system by through holes (19).

Abstract: A noise insulation structure of a synthetic resin made conduit includes a synthetic resin made chamber and a rubber made noise insulation member. Since the chamber is closely covered around with the noise insulation member through projections and grooves formed on the contact surface of the chamber with the noise insulation member. Further, cylindrical blind-end bores are provided on the inner surface of the noise insulation member so as to form air columns when the noise insulation member is installed on the chamber. The air columns serve as resonators to muffle noise.

Abstract: An exhaust valve for an internal combustion engine comprises a movable spindle with a valve disc which on its upper surface has an annular seat are of a material different from the base material of the valve disc. In the closed position of the valve the seat area abuts a corresponding seat area on a stationary valve member. The seat area on the upper surface of the valve disc is made of a material which has a yield strength (Rp0.2) of at least 1000 Mpa at a temperature of approximately 20° C.

Abstract: The invention relates to an internal-combustion engine, in particular for a motorcycle. The motorcycle engine preferably includes a crankshaft rotatable about an axis, a web coupled to the crankshaft, and curved wall portions surrounding the crankshaft. The web has an outer surface which defines a substantially circular pathway as it rotates about the axis. Oil is preferably flung from the web and the crankshaft into an oil channel which has a longitudinal axis that is substantially tangential to an adjacent portion of the pathway. Additionally, oil which is flung from the web and the crankshaft onto the curved wall portions drains into the oil channel, which leads to an oil-storage tank. Preferably, the housing also includes a balancing shaft with a balancing web rotatable about a second axis, additional curved wall portions surrounding the balancing shaft and the balancing web, and a second oil channel. The balancing web has a balancing web outer surface that rotates along a substantially circular pathway.

Abstract: There are provided a control system and method and an engine control unit for an internal combustion engine, which are capable of properly determining an amount of fuel to be injected during a two-stage fuel injection combustion mode and a duration period of this mode such that stable combustion and smooth transition between combustion modes are ensured, thereby attaining excellent drivability and fuel economy. The combustion mode of the engine is switched between a homogeneous combustion mode in which fuel injection into each cylinder is performed during an intake stroke, a stratified combustion mode in which the fuel injection into the cylinder is performed during a compression stroke, and the two-stage fuel injection combustion mode in which the fuel injection into the cylinder is performed once during the intake stroke and once during the compression stroke during transition between the homogeneous combustion mode and the stratified combustion mode.

Abstract: A combustion chamber is formed using a flat piston having a low cooling loss and therein a forward tumble is generated. A fuel spray is formed by a provision of a splitter which is provided to make off-set from a center of an injection port at a tip end of a tumble atomization system fuel injector. The fuel spray is divided into a fuel spray having a strong penetration force and a fuel spray having a small penetration force. The fuel spray having the strong penetration force is injected in a vicinity of an ignition plug. Accordingly, a fuel adhesion to the piston can be reduced and further a reduction of a discharge HC and a fuel consumption can be improved.

Abstract: A method and internal combustion engine operable in a premixed charge compression ignition mode, comprising a combustion chamber, an intake system for delivering intake air, a mixing device that mixes a first fuel with the intake air to provide a premixed charge of air and the first fuel, a direct fuel injector adapted to directly inject a second fuel into the combustion chamber, and a control system adapted to control the direct fuel injector in a manner to provide a post-ignition injection where the second fuel is directly injected into the combustion chamber after onset of ignition of the premixed charge in the combustion chamber. The second fuel is preferably injected into the combustion chamber during combustion of the premixed charge and/or shortly after combustion of the premixed charge in the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A piston-type internal-combustion engine having at least one gas intake port (4) per cylinder, with the port discharging into the cylinder via at least one throughgoing opening (3). The port is subdivided, over at least a portion of its length, into at least two partial ports (4.1, 4.2) by at least one partitioning wall (5). The wall has a profile with a central separating portion on at least one surface being raised relative to the remaining portions of the at least one surface, to divide a flow within an associated partial port (4.1, 4.2) into two partial flow parts, which extend in the flow direction.

Abstract: A revolution number control system includes ignition timing delay controlling means for delaying ignition timing from the ignition advance amount n at a first prescribed value n2 when the engine revolution number NE is between the first prescribed value n2 and a clutch-on revolution number n4. The first prescribed value n2 is a predetermined revolution number smaller than a preset revolution number and the clutch-on revolution number n4 is the preset revolution number, and the revolution number control system 40 controls the revolution number by operating the ignition timing delay controlling means when a throttle opening sensor does not detect a change in the throttle opening.

Abstract: A controller for an internal combustion engine detects a demand variable showing a demand from a driver, and controls an intake air volume to the internal combustion engine according to the detected demand variable. When trouble is detected in a system controlling the intake air volume, the controller switches a driving control of a vehicle to a emergency driving mode. In the emergency driving mode, the controller keeps the intake air volume to the internal combustion engine constant. The controller calculates a emergency driving control variable according to the detected demand variable, and controls the driving of the vehicle according to the calculated emergency driving control variable. The emergency driving control variable is a control variable different from the intake air volume. Thus, in the emergency driving mode, the driving of the vehicle can be controlled by the control variable different from the intake air volume, and a better drivability is ensured.

Abstract: An electronic control device for the optional control of various types and operating modes of internal combustion engines includes a calculation device configured to calculate the respectively required manipulated quantities, including at least the manipulated variable (Ti) for the predetermination of the fuel quantity to be injected and the manipulated variable (&agr;) for the predetermination of the throttle valve position of the throttle valve in the intake pipe, dependent on respectively required input parameters, including at least the desired quantity of heat (WM). A switchover device is configured to allocate, dependent on the operating mode, the respectively required input parameters and/or quantities derived therefrom as input quantities for the respectively required calculation device. A single type of control device may be manufactured, in large piece counts and with simplified warehousing, for variable possibilities of application.

Abstract: There are provided a control system and method and an engine control unit for an internal combustion engine, which are capable of attaining a high combustion efficiency in both of a homogenous and a stratified combustion modes, thereby improving drivability and fuel economy, as well as a control system for an internal combustion engine which is capable of ensuring stable combustion in both the modes. In one form of the invention, the control system includes an ECU for controlling ignition timing IG of an in-cylinder fuel injection type engine which is operated while switching the combustion mode between the homogeneous and stratified combustion modes. The ECU determines which of the homogeneous and stratified combustion modes should be selected.

Abstract: The invention relates to an injector for injecting fuel that is at very high pressure, which is present at the injector in a common-rail inlet. The fuel acts on a control part, which is actuatable via a fuel volume contained in the control chamber. An inlet and an outlet of the control chamber are each provided with spring elements; the control chamber can be pressure-relieved via a valve element actuatable by means of an actuator. The control part in the injector housing is guided in two guide portions.

Abstract: The invention relates to an injector for injecting fuel, which is under extremely high pressure, into the combustion chambers of an internal combustion engine. A valve body is provided, which opens and closes a valve chamber received in the injector housing, and an inlet leads from the valve body to the injection nozzle. For actuating the valve body, a control chamber of the injector housing is pressure-relieved by means of a control element. The inlet originating at the high-pressure collection chamber (common rail), extends centrally through the valve body, which is received movably in the injector housing.

Abstract: A fuel injection controller for a diesel engine to be mounted on an engine-operated vehicle, having a control unit which conducts computation to determine a total amount of fresh intake air per an engine cylinder through the computation of the sum of a residue amount of fresh air that remains in the computed amount of exhaust gas entering the engine cylinder and the computed amount of intake air, to obtain an amount of fuel injection under the total amount of fresh intake air, which defines a smoke generation limit as a basic limitative smoke generating fuel injection amount, to store the basic limitative smoke generating fuel injection amount as a stored basic limitative smoke generating fuel injection amount upon judging whether or not the engine comes into either accelerating or decelerating operation, to compare the stored basic limitative amount of fuel injection and the basic amount of fuel injection computed during the accelerating or decelerating operation to thereby determine a larger or smaller one

Abstract: An electronic returnless fuel system for a vehicle includes a fuel pump to pump fuel from a fuel tank. The electronic returnless fuel system also includes a fuel rail fluidly connected to the fuel pump to distribute the fuel to an engine of the vehicle and a pressure transducer to sense pressure of the fuel from the fuel pump to the fuel rail. The electronic returnless fuel system includes a controller electrically connected to the pressure transducer and the fuel pump to control the pressure of the fuel from the fuel pump to the fuel rail at a set operating pressure. The electronic returnless fuel system further includes a pressure relief valve interconnecting the fuel pump and the fuel rail set a predetermined amount below the set operating pressure to leak fuel back into the fuel tank.

Abstract: In a canister for a vehicle, in order to significantly reduce a leaking amount of evaporated fuel from an atmospheric port of the canister, an introduction port for evaporated fuel and an atmospheric air port for the evaporated fuel are provided in a casing, and an adsorbing material layer communicates between the introduction port and the atmospheric air port. A chamber is provided between the atmospheric air port and a surface on a side of the atmospheric air port in the adsorbing material layer. A leakage preventing adsorbing material layer is arranged within the chamber so that a space layer is formed between the leakage preventing adsorbing material layer and the surface on the atmospheric air port side in the adsorbing material layer and another space layer is formed between the leakage preventing adsorbing material layer and the atmospheric air port.

Abstract: A canister purge valve increases flow through the valve for an increased power level. The canister purge valve includes a housing that defines a volume and has an inlet and an outlet in fluid communication with the volume. A coil is disposed in the volume proximate the outlet. A stator is disposed in the volume proximate the outlet, the stator having a first surface. An armature is disposed in the coil, the armature having a second surface proximate the first surface of the stator and defining a gap therebetween. The armature is movable to an open position permitting fluid flow through the volume in response to an energization of the coil. A biasing member is disposed between the stator and the armature, the biasing member urging the armature to a closed position prohibiting fluid flow through the volume.