Abstract: The present invention provides methods and devices for measuring granule impact strength and granule attrition rates by vibrating a small container of granules at a well-controlled amplitude in order to inflict reproducible damage to the granules. Damage to the granules is measured as a function of time and amplitude and attrition rates are measured in terms of dust generate per number of collisions versus mass of the granules. The measurements obtained yield a highly reproducible means for characterizing granule attrition, attrition rates, and fragmentation.

Abstract: Method and apparatus are provided for a non-invasive bubble measuring instrument operable for detecting, distinguishing, and counting gaseous embolisms such as bubbles over a selectable range of bubble sizes of interest. A selected measurement volume in which bubbles may be detected is insonified by two distinct frequencies from a pump transducer and an image transducer, respectively. The image transducer frequency is much higher than the pump transducer frequency. The relatively low-frequency pump signal is used to excite bubbles to resonate at a frequency related to their diameter. The image transducer is operated in a pulse-echo mode at a controllable repetition rate that transmits bursts of high-frequency ultrasonic signal to the measurement volume in which bubbles may be detected and then receives the echo. From the echo or received signal, a beat signal related to the repetition rate may be extracted and used to indicate the presence or absence of a resonant bubble.

Abstract: A highly sensitive electronic ion cell for the measurement of trace elements in He carrier gas which involves glow discharge. A constant wave (CW) glow discharge detector which is controlled through a biased resistor, can detect the change of electron density caused by impurities in the He carrier gas by many orders of magnitude larger than that caused by direct ionization or electron capture. The glow discharge detector utilizes a floating pseudo-electrode to form a probe in or near the plasma. By using this probe, the large variation of electron density due to trace amounts of impurities can be directly measured.

Abstract: A high-pressure high-velocity target inserter for use in steam cleaning. The target inserter uses an actuator connected to a tube assembly, which connects to a test line. The target inserter uses packing to prevent high-pressure steam from being released through the target inserter when the target rod is inserted and withdrawn from the line. In the preferred embodiment, the target rod passes through a remotely operated actuator controlled valve and a remotely controlled actuator controller, such that the operator is kept a safe distance away from the inserter when the access valve to the line is open.

Abstract: A testing method is provided for determining the hardness of a micro region, using indentation curves indicating relations between observed penetration depths and indenting forces when an arbitrary shaped indenter is pushed into standard samples of plural types. The method involves (1) measuring relations between observed penetration depths and indenting forces when the arbitrary shaped indenter is pushed into standard samples of plural types, to prepare the indentation curves, (2) determining a reference function indicative of macro hardness, by standardizing the relations between the indenting forces and macro hardness at the same penetration depth as an index, for the indentation curves of the standard samples of plural types, (3) measuring a relation between the penetration depth and indenting force of an arbitrary sample, and (4) determining the hardness of a micro region from the measured value in step (3) according to the reference function as determined in step (2).

Abstract: A method of fabricating a carbon nanotube probe tip and the resultant probe tip, particularly for use in an atomic force microscope. A moderately sharply peaked support structure has its tip cut or flattened to have a substantially flat end of size of about 20 to 200 nm across. The support structure may be formed by etching a conical end into a silica optical fiber. Nickel or other catalyzing metal such as iron is directionally sputtered onto the flat end and the sloped sidewalls of the support structure. The nickel is anisotropically etched to remove all the nickel from the sidewalls but leaving at least 15 nm on the flat end to form a small nickel dot. A carbon nanotube is then grown with the nickel catalyzing its growth such that only a single nanotube forms on the nickel dot and its diameter conforms to the size of the nickel dot.

Abstract: A hybrid electric vehicle is placed in a running condition on a chassis dynamometer, a vehicle-end data is acquired by access to sensors in the vehicle, a dynanometer-end data is acquired by measurements at the chassis dynamometer, and the vehicle-end data and the dynamometer-end data are analyzed for inspections of drive and control systems of the vehicle.

Abstract: The subject matter of the invention is a rolldynamometer for motor vehicles comprising at least one running roll or drum (9) for one wheel (2) of one axis of the vehicle (1) to be examined, respectively, at least one electric motor (9) for directly driving and slowing down the running rolls (3), the stator housing (9a) of said electric motor (9) being borne in a support frame (6) in a pendulum fashion and supported on said support frame via force meters (20), and a control unit to which a running simulator for adjusting specific vehicle data and for simulating selected running conditions is allocated. For increasing the accuracy of the measurements, according to the invention, the stator housing (9a) of the driving motor (9) is borne in a lubrication oil free bearing arrangement in the support frame (6).

Abstract: By employing command value signals for controlling the opening timing of an exhaust valve or an intake valve and means for measuring flow rates of an intake air of a flow direction which flows through an intake manifold of an internal combustion engine, an air flow rate corresponding to the command value signal is measured. A valve mechanism includes the intake valve and the exhaust valve for each cylinder of the internal combustion engine and is controlled by a valve control means for controlling the valve mechanism. A failure diagnosis of an operating status of the valve mechanism can be performed.

Abstract: Gas flow sensor 10 generally comprises housing 20 defining internal cavity 40, diaphragm assembly 50 separating internal cavity 40 into first chamber 42 in communication with gas inlet 44 and second chamber 46 in communication with gas outlet 49 and having orifices 66 therethrough for passage of gas, valve 70 mounted on diaphragm assembly 50 for closing and opening orifices 66; and a sensing unit 80 sensing when diaphragm assembly 50 has moved at least to a predetermined location. Incoming gas moves diaphragm assembly such that valve 70 is pressed against wall 47 of second chamber 46 whereby valve 70 is opened and gas passes through orifices 66 and out gas outlet 49.

Abstract: A capacitance measurement circuit 1 has a pair of level indicating LEDs 2,3. Via one input 4, the circuit is connected to the metallic wall W of a container C of water. This connection can be direct or, as indicated by broken lines, via earth. Via a second input 5, the circuit is connected to a probe 6. This has a stem 7 with a transversely arranged disc 8 at its lower end. Spaced above the lower end, a second, larger, transverse disc 9 is secured to the stem. The stem and the discs are of conductive metal, typically copper, and electrically connected and common. The entire probe is insulated, except for its point of contact with the input 5. When the liquid is just below the level of the lower disc 8, the capacitance between it and earth, the liquid being conductive, will be determined by the area of the disc, its separation from the liquid and the dielectric constant of the intervening gap. The capacitance varies in proportion to the gap.

Abstract: A piston pump elevator having fluid level measurement capability which is capable of providing an electrical signal proportional to the approximate amount of fluid remaining in a container from which fluid is being withdrawn.

Abstract: A fluid density measurement device includes a float (12) and a weight (14), each mounted on links (16) for essentially vertical movement. A crank (22) is mounted above the float and weight and is connected to them,by a float link (24) and a counterweight link (28) to convert the forces from the float and the forces from the weight to rotational forces on the crank acting in opposite directions. The position adopted by the crank will be dependent upon the density of the fluid in which the instrument is immersed. The links (16) are arranged so that a good approximation to straight line motion is obtained at the centre of the float and the weight.

Abstract: Disclosed is a piezoelectric gyroscope which presents as a generally elongated tubular shape having inner and outer radially polarized annular region defining surfaces, with an inner electrode on the inner surface, and four outer electrodes present on the outer surface. The four electrodes present on the outer surface are oriented such that each is in a separate quadrant, (as the piezoelectric gyroscope generally longitudinally elongated essentially tubular structure is viewed in cross-section), and ideally at substantially ninety degree intervals on the outer surface. In use the piezoelectric gyroscope system is caused to rotate about an essentially centrally located longitudinally oriented axis while a flex inducing driving voltage is applied across two of the four electrodes, (driving) electrodes, which are oriented at substantially 180 degrees with respect to one another, while an output voltage is sensed across the other two (sensing), electrodes. Also disclosed are a tuning-fork shaped variations.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are provided for measuring stresses in specimens (e.g., reticles and reticle blanks used in charged-particle-beam microlithography) that include a membrane. The disclosed apparatus and methods provide such measurements at a higher throughput than obtainable using conventional apparatus and methods. A representative stress-measuring apparatus includes a vibration-applying device that remotely (over a distance) applies a desired vibration to the membrane of the specimen. Meanwhile, a laser light source irradiates the vibrating membrane with laser light. A light receiver receives light reflected from the membrane. Electrical signals from the light receiver are processed to convert the output from the light receiver into a respective vibration spectrum. The vibration spectrum is analyzed against standard data to ascertain a strength characteristic of the membrane.

Abstract: An integrated semiconductor MEMS detector device includes a piezo-resistive detector located at a fixed end of a cantilever, a bi-layer resonance actuator including two thin layer materials having different thermal expansion coefficients, wherein one of the actuator layers serves as a heating element and the other serves as insulating layer between the heating element layer and the cantilever, and a sensing element located at the free end of the cantilever, which serves, dependent on the particular application, as a gravitational mass, an absorber of energy, a gas- or vapor-adsorber, etc. Registration of the resonance frequency of the free end of the cantilever is performed both before and after an interaction (e.g., exposure to energy, materials/mass changes due to chemical reactions or/and physical interactions, etc.

Abstract: A mass sensor including: a connecting plate having one or more slit(s) and/or opening portion(s) formed therein and/or having a thin-walled portion and a thick-walled portion formed therein; a diaphragm joined with the connecting plate at respective side surfaces; a piezoelectric element; a sensing plate with the piezoelectric element being provided at least at one part on at least one surface of the sensing plate, which has its side surface joined with a side surface of the connecting plate in the direction perpendicular to the joining direction of the diaphragm and the connecting plate; and a sensor substrate with which at least a part of side surfaces of the connecting plate as well as the sensing plate are joined, and the diaphragm, the connecting plate, the sensing plate, and the piezoelectric element form a resonating portion.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved method and apparatus for the identification and treatment of language perception problems in specific language impaired (SLI) individuals. The invention provides a method and apparatus for screening individuals for SLI and training individuals who suffer from SLI to remediate the effects of the impairment by using the spectral content of interfering sound stimuli and the temporal ordering or direction of the interference between the stimuli.

Abstract: Ultrasonic techniques are applied to the measurement of wooden members to detect splitting during sawing operations and thereby allow modification of a sawing technique or change in saw cut placement.

Abstract: An ultrasonic monitoring method and system is disclosed. The method includes transmitting a sequence of ultrasonic pulses into a space; receiving a resultant echo signal; monitoring the space for intrusion by comparing the resultant echo signal received in a first window period with the resultant echo signal received in a second window period, wherein the pulses within the sequence are separated by a time interval such that echoes generated from the pulses are superimposed to form the resultant signal.

Abstract: An ultrasound transducer array (408) includes at least one transducer element (412) having a first (604) and second (606) portions separated by an acoustical discontinuity (520). The first portion (604) has the desired length to form a half-wave k31 resonance, while the second portion (606) has a resonant length for an undesired very low frequency out-of-band k31 resonance. The thickness of the transducer element (412) is designed for k33 half-resonance. Given the design, the transducer element (412) can operate and provide for both forward-looking (514) and side looking (512) elevation apertures. A method is also disclosed for using the disclosed ultrasound transducer (412) in ultrasound imaging.

Abstract: A movement control mechanism of contact-type vibrating probe is provided, where the contact-type vibrating probe can be used as a probe for profiling measurement and continuous measurement and configuration of a workpiece can be measured with high accuracy. The movement control mechanism for controlling movement of a support body (23) which moves a contact-type vibrating probe (100) having high detection accuracy includes a vibrator for vibrating the stylus in an axial direction, a detector (5) for detecting a vibration of the stylus by the vibrator, second vibrator for vibrating the stylus in a direction approximately parallel to an end surface of the workpiece, and a controller (31) for controlling movement of the support body (23) so that change in state quantity of a detection signal detected by the detector is constant.

Abstract: A scalable process transmitter architecture includes a unitized sensor module and an optional scalable transmitter. The sensor module has a sensor output that is configurable which can connect locally to a scalable transmitter module to form a transmitter, or can be wired directly to a remote receiver. The scalable transmitter can mount on the unitized sensor module and generates a scalable output for a remote receiver. The transmitter module can provide more advanced features for specific applications.

Abstract: A pressure sensor 1—1 comprises a housing 10 having a pressure introduction hole 12, a sensor element 20 having semiconductor elements 22 with piezoresist effects, a holder 30 for fixing the sensor element 20, and a pressure case 60 having electromagnetic shield effect. The sensor element 20, holder 20 and pressure case 60 are welded airtightly so as to form a pressure sensor body formed with a reference pressure space. The pressure sensor body is retained in an electrically insulated manner in the housing 10.

Abstract: A loading assembly for applying a load to a test specimen includes a container having a volume of compressible fluid for providing a spring. A cylinder having a bore operably connected to the container. A piston is slidable in the bore and is operably coupleable to the test specimen. A valve fluidly coupled to the bore selectively provides fluid to the bore to displace the piston. A controller controls the valve to cause nonresonant displacement of the piston.

Abstract: Pressurized oil is charged into a hydraulic chamber (12) formed within a slide (3) of a mechanical press (1). relationship between a working force (F) during a press working and a pressure (P) of the pressurized oil is preliminarily measured for every predetermined initial pressure of the pressurized oil. A computer (33) stores the measured results as a plurality of pressurizing characteristics (A1), (A2) and (A3). The computer (33) stores through a pressure sensor (27), a pressure of the pressurized oil while a press working is not performed, as a preload pressure (Pa1). And it stores a maximum pressure of the pressurized oil during the press working as a peak pressure (Pb1). It further selects a pressurizing characteristic (A1) corresponding to the preload pressure (Pa1) from among the plurality of pressurizing characteristics and thereafter calculates a working force (F1) based on the selected pressurizing characteristic (A1) and the peak pressure (Pb1).

Abstract: An ultrasonic transit time flow sensor detects a signal corresponding to the phase difference between signals from two transducers during the interval of an acoustic transmission, and uses this signal to adjust an output flow rate signal in order to compensate for circuit errors inherent in the flow sensor. An Exclusive-Or phase detector detects the difference in phase between the signals resulting from the difference in propagation transit time of the flowing fluid. This measured difference includes a phase shift due to the electrical circuits of the flow sensor. In order to compensate for the circuit-induced phase shift, when the transducers are transmitting bursts of acoustic energy, the corresponding electrical signals are routed to the Exclusive-Or phase detector in order to generate a common mode DC signal representative only of the phase shift of the electrical circuits of the flow sensor.

Abstract: A flowmeter and a method of determining the mass flow rate. The flowmeter has a first measuring tube and a second measuring tube which are arranged in a common housing and are connected to one another mechanically. Also provided are an excitation device for exciting the measuring tubes to oscillation, and a detector device for detecting oscillation parameters which is connected to an evaluating device, which determines a mass flow rate signal for each measuring tube from output signals from the detector device. The object is to improve the measuring accuracy in cases in which identical conditions do not prevail in the measuring tubes. For that purpose, an amplitude detecting device is provided which detects the amplitude of the oscillation of each measuring tube, and a correcting device is connected to the evaluating device, which correcting device has a flow input and an amplitude input for each measuring tube.

Abstract: The shock protection device prevents damage to optically and micromechanically acting gyroscopes. The gyroscope or precision instrument to be protected can be located in an inner housing shell which is spaced apart from an outer housing shell by elastic elements, and is thereby protected against shock. The inner housing shell can be brought temporarily into accurate mechanical contact with the outer housing shell by an electromechanical device. The spatial orientations of the inner and outer housing shells then correspond with high precision. In a further embodiment of the invention, the electromechanical device can be used precisely conversely to deactivate an existing shock protection and temporarily to bring about direct contact between a sensing element and an object to be checked on the occasion of a measuring operation.

Abstract: A gearbox for a motorcycle includes a casing containing a gear train therein. The gear train includes an input gear shaft rotatably mounted in the casing and operably connected to and thus driven by an engine of the motorcycle, and an output gear shaft rotatably mounted in the compartment and operably connected to one of at least two wheels of the motorcycle. A first gear and a second gear are rotatably mounted around the output gear shaft. A follower block is mounted around the output gear shaft and located between the first gear and the second gear. The follower block is slidable along a longitudinal axis of the output gear shaft for releasably engaging with one of the first gear and the second gear.

Abstract: A modular, bolt-in, rack and pinion assembly for replacing an existing steering gear box in a motor vehicle. A rack tube, including a pair of elongated slots in its sidewall, houses the rack. The rack tube is mounted to existing holes in the frame of the motor vehicle by means of a plurality of brackets. The rack has a tooth portion and a shaft portion. A pair of studs projects transversely from the shaft portion of the rack, each stud passing through a receptive slot. The studs are mounted to an elongated center link. The vehicle's factory tie rod assemblies are bolted to either end of the center link. A pinion housing is secured over a proximate end of the rack tube, maintaining a pinion gear in threaded engagement with the rack. In a manual embodiment of the invention, an outer end of the pinion is connected directly to the steering wheel shaft. In a powered embodiment, a servo having its own pinion gear is bolted to the pinion housing.

Abstract: A travel measuring and control device for a vehicle transmission has a measuring arrangement with one or more measuring elements cooperating with a selector shaft of the transmission and with a measuring device cooperating with the measuring element. The measuring element has one or more measuring surfaces having an incline in an axial direction and in a rotational direction of the selector shaft. An adjustable sensing element rests against the measuring surface and is operatively connected with the measuring device. The measuring element is preferably axially fixedly seated on the selector shaft or an extension of the selector shaft and preferably fixedly seated on the selector shaft or the extension thereof so as to rotate with the selector shaft or extension.

Abstract: A renovated brake structure for an auxiliary moving device comprises a grip, a cover, a brake wire and a handle. The cover is secured to the handle and the grip is pivoted to the cover. The grip is secured to one end of the brake wire with a stud, whereas the other end of the brake wire having a spring to urge the grip to resume to original position. The grip comprises a pair of linking rods with a rail and a connecting pin on each rod. Each linking rod is connected at one end to a stud which is to secure with on end of a brake wire. A pair of holes are formed at the front respective ends of the grip for insertion of the pins. An arc trough is formed at one end of the grip with an elastic stopper at one end and a locating hole at the other end. A stop pin extending from the cover is inserted through the arc trough of the grip to secure the grip to the cover.

Abstract: The control lever equipment for a bar handle vehicle enables smooth pivoting of a grip allowance adjusting mechanism for a control lever with respect to a grip. In this equipment, the control lever is composed essentially of two pieces, i.e., a lever piece and an operating piece, which pivot coaxially independent of each other on a support shaft attached to a holder fixed to the handle bar. An adjusting pin for widening and narrowing the grip allowance between the control lever and the grip of the handle bar is attached either to the lever piece or to the operating piece pivotally on an axis parallel to the support shaft. A resilient piece is interposed between the adjusting pin and a bearing for bearing the shaft end of the adjusting pin, formed either on the lever piece or the operating piece, to be coaxial with the adjusting pin.

Abstract: A horn actuating device for a motor-vehicle steering-wheel comprises a plurality of spring which resiliently support an actuating element constituted by the housing of the air-bag associated with the steering-wheel or a covering element for the steering-wheel hub. The springs define movable electric contacts adapted for co-operation with fixed electric contacts for actuation of the horn. All these contacts are connected to electric conductive strips embedded in a flexible strip of plastic material which is connected to supports also made of plastic material, on which the above mentioned springs rest. The actuating element is provided with studs guided within bushes forming part of said supports of plastic material. The studs are held at the lower end by elastically deformable stop means which enable a rapid installation of the air-bag unit or the hub covering element on the steering-wheel frame.

Abstract: This connecting rod is intended to be connected between two rigid components in order to limit their relative movements in a longitudinal direction. The connecting rod comprises a long rigid body which extends in the longitudinal direction and which connects two bushes. The body comprises two opposite external longitudinal ribs and an external transverse rib. The rib has first and second halves symmetrical relative to a median plane containing the longitudinal direction, the first half connecting the first bush and the first external longitudinal rib, and the second half connecting the first bush and the second external longitudinal rib.

Abstract: A shifter motor is provided as an actuator for shifting between a gear for reversing a vehicle by a starter motor and a mode for starting an engine with the starter motor. A switch panel is provided adjacent to a handle grip, and a starter/reverse switch for controlling the starter motor and a reverse shift switch for controlling a shifter motor are disposed adjacent to each other on an operation surface of the switch panel. By the positions of the switches, the rider can perform operations for reversing the vehicle with one hand.

Abstract: A transmission assembly having a variable displacement hydraulic device which controls a ratio of an input speed to an output speed of the hydrostatic transmission is disclosed. The transmission assembly further includes a torque reversing mechanical transmission coupled to the hydrostatic transmission and having a first range and a second range. The transmission assembly further includes an output shaft driven by one or more of the hydrostatic transmission and the mechanical transmission which causes a work machine to move at a travel speed and a controller. The controller is operable to determine a transmission load and an equal displacement travel speed ratio based on the transmission load. A shift from the first gear range to the second gear range is based on the equal displacement travel speed ratio. A method of operating a transmission assembly is also disclosed.

Abstract: A rotating or swiveling device of a machine tool, in particular an NC circular milling attachment, with a machine component on bearings which can be rotated or swivelled, and a clamping device for the releasable fixing of the machine component in the desired angled positions. A secure fixing of the rotating or swiveling machine component can, according to the present invention, also be achieved, even without a change of position, through the fact that the clamping device has a clamping component with laterally flexible clamping elements arranged on the support for gripping into a ring groove on the machine component and a pressure component which can be moved against the clamping component to press the clamping elements against at least one side wall of the ring groove.

Abstract: Retaining means for holding a fastening cross-pin that holds a removable cap mounted to a pole of a hammer thus providing a selected type of cap impact face for the hammer head. The cap forms a chamber and the pole is removably slidably fitted into the pole chamber. The fastening cross-pin is removably positioned in cap pin holes in the cap cylindrical wall and to a pole pin hole so as to removably secure the cap to the pole and also so as to allow the pole to move relative to the cap in the longitudinal dimension between an impact mode position of the cap impact face against a workpiece and a static mode position of the cap impact face remote from the workpiece. A biasable pad for absorbing shock is positioned within the chamber formed in the cap between the cap impact face and the pole. The fastening cross-pin extends through the pole pin hole and is connected to the cap side walls.

Abstract: A rotation structure for a precision driver includes a handle, a bushing, a shank, a rotation plate, a knob and planet gears. The handle is a hollow tube provided at its top a containing base having meshing gear on its inner wall, and a bushing being plugged to the lower end of the tube. A blade is formed at the lower tip of the shank. An axial block integrated with a gear is connected to the upper end of the shank. A rotation plate containing axial holes is engaged with the axial block. The knob is pivoted to the top of the containing base. The planet gears are placed into between the gear and the meshing gear with the axis of each said planet gear penetrating through the corresponding axial hole provided in the rotation plate. An axial hole containing a rolling ball is provided in the center of the knob to permit the penetration by the upper end of the shank.

Abstract: A ratchet wrench has a main body, a drive shaft, a first annular gear, a second annular gear, a drive member, a pair of first pawls, a lpair of second pawls, a rotating wheel, a control member, and a coiled spring. The main body has a through hole to receive the drive shaft, a groove to receive the drive member, and a plurality of inner teeth. The control member has a pillar and a press disk. The drive member has a through aperture and a chamber to receive the first pawls and the second pawls. The first annular gear encloses one of the first pawls and one of the second pawls. The second annular gear encloses the other of the first pawls and the other of the second pawls. The pillar is inserted through the coiled spring, the rotating wheel, and the drive member.

Abstract: A ratcheting tool includes a handle and a head with a compartment. A drive member includes a first end extended beyond the compartment, a second end extended beyond the compartment, and a gear wheel formed between the first end and the second end. The gear wheel is rotatably mounted in the compartment and includes a toothed outer periphery. A pawl is mounted in the compartment and includes a toothed side facing the gear wheel teeth. The toothed side of the pawl includes a first teeth portion having a first center of curvature and a second teeth portion having a second center of curvature located at a position different from the first center of curvature. A ring is mounted in the compartment and around the first end of the drive member. The ring is operably connected to the pawl such that the ring and the pawl are pivotable about a rotational axis of the gear wheel and that the pawl is movable in a radial direction relative to the ring.

Abstract: A ratchet wrench includes a wrench body having a drive head defining a first receiving space, a second receiving space, and a third receiving space. A ratchet wheel is rotatably mounted in the first receiving space and is provided with first teeth. A pawl member is movably mounted in the second receiving space and is provided with second teeth detachably meshing with the first teeth of the ratchet wheel. A control member includes a rotation cylinder rotatably mounted in the third receiving space, a linking lever secured on a first end of the rotation cylinder and pivotally mounted on the pawl member for moving the pawl member to engage with or detach from the ratchet wheel, and a drive handle secured on a second end of the rotation cylinder for driving the rotation cylinder to rotate.

Abstract: A wrench includes a handle and a head extended from the handle. The handle comprises a compartment for rotatably receiving a switch member and a cavity having a first end communicated with the compartment and a second end communicated with a hole of the head. A positioning device cooperates with two positioning grooves in the compartment of the handle for retaining the switch member in one of two positions corresponding to two opposite ratcheting directions of the wrench. A biasing device cooperates with a pawl in the cavity of the handle in response to the position of the switch member to thereby bias the pawl to be selectively engaged with a drive member rotatably received in the hole of the head.

Abstract: A screw feeding device for a power screw driving tool and including a housing (1) connectable with the power screw driving tool, a guide (2) having a carrier (4) projecting transverse to a setting direction of the screws (18) for supporting a screw magazine (17), a support (6) stepwise displaceable relative to the guide (2) parallel to the setting direction, and an elastic adjusting element (10) for connecting the support (6) with the guide (2) and having a prestressed disengaged position in which the support can be displaced relative to the guide.

Abstract: In a lathe 1, an angular position &bgr; x for respectively positioning a single tool in the plural numbers of directions of the tool edge is computed according to designated shape information IFa, and the tool 25 held by the tool holding body 22 can be positioned in the plural number of directions of the tool edge in order by indexingly positioning the tool holding body 22 in the B-axis direction on the basis of the computed angular position &bgr; x at the time of machining. A plurality of machining modes can be machined with a single tool.

Abstract: A novel method and apparatus for producing an endless flexible seamed belt using a punch and die is disclosed. The punch and die have patterned edges in the form of a puzzle cut pattern with extremely small nodes and kerfs. The cutting tolerances of the patterned edges make it necessary to fix the punch with respect to the die so that there is no misalignment of the punch and die between cutting operations. This is accomplished by resiliently fixing the punch to the die, rather than having the punch attached to the force generating assembly as in normal punch and die assemblies. Belt material is positioned between a stock gap between the punch and die and the force generating assembly is activated to provide the cutting force. Once the belt material is cut, the cutting force is removed and the force generating assembly returns to its retracted position. There are two cutting edges on the punch and die so that a first end of one belt and a second end of another belt are formed in a single cutting operation.

Abstract: An improved hydraulic cutting system is provided for cutting a succession of vegetable products or the like particularly such as potatoes into elongated strips, wherein the cutting system includes a deceleration conduit designed for decelerating cut product strips substantially without flow stream turbulence to reduce or eliminate strip breakage. The cutting system utilizes a propelling fluid flow stream to propel the products with substantial velocity into and through cutting engagement with knife elements of a so-called water knife fixture mounted along the length of a fluid flow passage. An improved deceleration conduit defines a continuation of the fluid flow passage at a downstream side of the water knife, and has a tapered shape which expands in cross section relative to a conduit centerline at an angle not exceeding 9° and preferably on the order of about 2° to about 3°.

Abstract: An apparatus for dispensing a paper wiping material includes a toothed spur mechanism which includes an arm which pivots counter to an elastic return relative to a pivotally mounted cutter blade holder. The arm includes a curvilinear section having a plurality of teeth which engage a fixed rack. The engagement defines an angular sector bounded by the initial contact area between the teeth of the fixed rack and the arm, the pivot axis of the toothed spur mechanism and the cutting surface of the cutting blade which extends approximately 160 to 170°. The elastic return includes a first end which is fixed to a tab of the blade holder and a second arm which is fixedly attached to the arm permitting an elastic interconnection.