Abstract: A method and system for moistening and sealing an envelope in a high speed mail processing machine including steps and components for heating a liquid to moisten the glue on the envelope flaps to more quickly soften the glue and provide an improved seal.

Abstract: A novel method and apparatus of detecting unique items as they are inserted into a product packaging system that is easily adaptable to current product packaging and prize insertion systems. A number of different types of sensors may be used in conjunction with the insertion device to detect the unique prize before it is inserted into a product packaging system. The sensor used will vary depending on the particular application. Sensors that may be used include a capacitive proximity sensor, a thickness sensor, a reflectivity sensor, a transmissivity sensor, a stiffness sensor, a color sensor, or even an odor or chemical sensor. Ideally, the type sensor used will detect a feature of the unique item that is easily distinguishable from other items being inserted. Once the sensor detects the prize and generates a signal, this signal can be used to perform a variety of useful functions.

Abstract: A banding fixture including a body having a horizontal opening therein, a carriage movable into and out of the horizontal opening, a recess in the carriage, the carriage with the recess therein movable into the horizontal opening with an upper surface on the carriage in underlying near contiguous relationship to an undersurface of a plate on the body, and a workpiece-receiving slot in the body above the horizontal opening. A method of banding a workpiece including the steps of placing a band into spaced slots having sides, pressing a workpiece overlying a central portion of the band which is not in the slots into a recess in a member, and moving the member relative to a surface so that the ends of the band which extend beyond the workpiece are pressed together in overlapping relationship as the member passes in contiguous relationship to the surface.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to a comfort management system for equine and, in particular, to a multi-purpose, multi-functional hoof-ware device, boot or shoe and multiple, interchangeable inserts for all equine hooves that uses, attaches, wraps, and fits the hoof while the equine is stalled, walking, trotting, loping for the purposes of protection, healing, alignment. cushioning and/or any other medicinal purposes for any given period of time fitting all sizes of equine hooves in multiple hoof environments, such as, diagnostics, normal use, during and after performance, corrective, medicinal purposes, emergencies situations, for preventative purposes, and rehabilitation of the hoof.

Abstract: A glove box assembly is used for contamination-proof mail handling. Items of mail, after they are placed into the glove box cavity and the cavity is sealed, are opened and simultaneously examined for any suspiciously hazardous materials. Harmful exposure to chemicals and biological cultures can be substantially reduced if mail items, such as envelopes and small packages are opened in the mail handling cavity while it is hermetically sealed. The glove box assembly has a see-through lid which allows completely open inspection of all mail items as they are being opened. The cavity may be lighted and any type of mail processing device may be placed at ready inside the cavity.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an accordion filter insert in which an accordion filter pack is introduced into a mold and a space remaining thereafter in the mold is filled with a liquefied polymer material so as to form a frame surrounding the accordion filter pack. At least one peripheral elastically deformable sealing lip, consisting of the material of the frame, is produced together with the frame and is consolidated concurrently therewith.

Abstract: A filter product includes a filtration media combined with a multi-component frame assembly that can effectively support the filtration media in place proximal to its edges and in accordance with its desired orientation and wherein the assembly can be selectively taken apart to provide access to the filtration media by way of a releasable lock connection. Preferably, a snap-fit releasable locking system is incorporated within the frame design. The present invention is particularly applicable to filtration media comprising pleated filtration media. Such support features include rack-like media engagement elements, which elements are advantageously provided so as to preferably engage the filtration media proximal to its side and end edges from above and below to preferably compress and ensure an effective seal and support connection between the frame and the filtration media.

Abstract: A walk-behind string trimmer including a frame, an engine mounted on the frame, a rotary cutter carried by the frame and selectively engaged with the engine, a pair of ground engaging wheels, a transmission mounted by the frame and engaged with the engine, and a steering mechanism. The transmission has an output shaft and the steering mechanism includes a ratchet member driven by the output shaft, wherein the ground engaging wheels are selectively drivingly coupled to the transmission through the ratchet member.

Abstract: An auxiliary edge trimmer apparatus is attached to a lawnmower and includes a flywheel drive wheel portion connected to the lawnmower drive shaft. An attachment assembly is connected onto portions of the lower housing wall of the blade housing of the lawnmower. A trimmer assembly is attached to the attachment assembly and includes a bearing portion connected to the attachment assembly, a rotatable shaft assembly received by the bearing portion, a driven wheel connected to a proximal end of the rotatable shaft assembly, and a trimmer blade connected to a distal end of the rotatable shaft assembly. In accordance with an alternatively preferred embodiment of the invention, a manually actuatable control cable is attached through suitable means to the drive shaft supported on the lawnmower housing between the drive wheel and the auxiliary trimmer apparatus to control engagement and disengagement thereof.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for picking and collecting fruit from fruit trees comprising a fruit picking assembly including a water cannon to selectively impact fruit to be picked with a water slug to detach the fruit from the fruit tree and a fruit collecting assembly disposed beneath the fruit picking assembly to catch the fruit detatched from the fruit tree.

Abstract: A yarn splicing device with a splicing channel that can be charged with compressed air for the pneumatic connection of two yarn ends. The yarn splicing device has two rotatably seated prism elements, each of which is pivotable between a non-splicing position and a splicing position. The two prism elements are designed such that in the splicing position, a splicing channel is formed between them.

Abstract: A yarn splicing device (10) for pneumatically joining two yarn ends (31, 32), with a splicing head (19) that is fixed on a foundation (22) and comprises a splicing conduit (20) with at least one opening (34) for delivering compressed air. The splicing conduit (20) comprises at least two additional suction intake openings (33) that can be loaded with a vacuum and are arranged on both sides of the opening (34) for delivering compressed air.

Abstract: A spinning ring, in which a ring flange portion 101 making a track permitting a ring traveller to run thereon is divided into an inner flange 103 and an outer flange 106, the inner flange 103 is continuously formed from a sheet steel, the outer flange is formed together and integral with a ring neck portion 109 and a mount portion 102 by cutting, the inner flange 103 and the outer flange 106 are secured to each other by a securing means, and a ring flange portion 101 is provided in an upper portion of the spinning ring 100. The spinning ring enables enhancing the ring flange portion in accuracy and wear resistance, and preventing fine vibrations of the ring flange portion from causing abnormal wear of and shortening of service life of a ring traveller and the ring flange portion and frequent yarn breakage leading to reduction in productivity and falling-off of the ring flange portion due to shock.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a braiding yarn made of expanded graphite for a gland packing which is to be used in a shaft seal part of a fluid apparatus or the like. In the braiding yarn made of expanded graphite of the invention, an expanded graphite tape (2) of a predetermined width is folded into a valley fold in the longitudinal direction, both end portions (2a, 2b) in the width direction of the expanded graphite tape (2) are bent so as to be directed toward the inner side of the width direction of the expanded graphite tape (2), and the outer periphery of the tape is covered by a reinforcing member (3) configured by a braided body of stainless steel wires. The expanded graphite tape (2) may be twisted. Reinforcing fibers may be embedded in the expanded graphite tape (2). Part of expanded graphite particles on the side of the surface of the expanded graphite tape (2) may be removed away.

Abstract: The invention concerns exchangeable machine components (20, 30, 40, 50) of a spinning machine in a spinning works, upon each, in accord with the invention, a corresponding identification recognition symbol (21, 31, 41, 51) is placed, in such a manner that said symbol is in a location of simple accessibility for reading. By means of sensors (22, 32, 42, 52) the identification recognition symbol (21, 31, 41, 51) is automatically detectable, and stored so that the configuration of a spinning station can be immediately called up. The configuration data are thus available for a monitoring and service system, such as, for instance, a remote diagnostic system.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an air humidifier for adding moisture to a working medium of a gas turbine for humidification, and gas turbine electric power generation equipment for driving the gas turbine by the working medium of high moisture to general electricity. An object of the present invention is to reduce pressure loss of burned exhaust gas of the gas turbine to improve output or efficiency of electric power generation. There comprises a humidifier (3), a combustor (5), a turbine (6), a generator (7), and a water recovery unit (10), further comprises an exhaust gas reheater (11) for heating burned exhaust gas discharged from the water recovery unit by surplus water discharged from the humidifier.

Abstract: A thrust reverser system that has one or more moveable thrust reverser components for redirecting the thrust of a jet engine. The thrust reverser system has a torque limiter coupled between synchronization mechanisms that mechanically couple actuators used to drive the thrust reverser. The torque limiter reduces the potential for the transmission of excessive torque between thevdifferent moveable thrust reverser components, and reduces the likelihood of secondary system damage due to a jam in the system. Thus, the cost and/or weight associated with each of the components comprising the system may be reduced.

Abstract: A multi-lobed, low friction vane, thrust vector controller is disclosed. Low friction vanes are independently movable into and out of the thrust of the exhaust of a jet engine. All vanes may be used together to adjust exhaust surface area to maximize thrust and fuel efficiency in varying conditions. Vanes also move independently to impart directional force to roll, pitch and yaw traditional aircraft and hover VTOL aircraft. A bleed air pressure actuator for moving the vanes is disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a variable cycle boost propulsor system for use on an aircraft. The variable cycle boost propulsor system includes an engine, a turbine, a fan connected to the turbine, and a valve system for delivering the fluid output from the engine to the turbine for driving the turbine and the fan and thereby generating additional thrust for the aircraft. The engine is also used to provide power to one or more systems onboard the aircraft.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purification system comprises a NOx catalyst for absorbing the NOx in the exhaust gas when the air-fuel ratio of the influent exhaust gas is lean and purifying by reducing the absorbed NOx with a reducing agent in the exhaust gas when the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas turns rich, a first unit for calculating the amount of NOx absorbed per unit time in each area of the NOx catalyst when the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas flowing into the NOx catalyst is lean, and a second unit for calculating the total amount of NOx absorbed into the NOx catalyst by totaling the amounts of NOx calculated by the first calculation unit for the areas of the NOx catalyst.

Abstract: A catalyst deterioration detection apparatus and method detect deterioration of a catalyst connected to an exhaust passage of an internal combustion engine by: determining a deterioration characteristic value that indicates a state of deterioration of the catalyst; determining a temperature of the catalyst occurring at a time of the determination of the deterioration characteristic value, as a detection-time catalyst temperature; determining an amount of intake air occurring at the time of the determination of the deterioration characteristic value, as a detection-time amount of air, determining whether the detection-time catalyst temperature and the detection-time amount of air satisfy a predetermined relationship; and prohibiting a determination of the state of deterioration of the catalyst based on the deterioration characteristic value if the detection-time catalyst temperature and the detection-time amount of air do not satisfy the predetermined relationship.

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine (1,100), a first exhaust passage (10A) having an oxygen storing catalyst (11A) is connected to cylinders of a first group (1A), and a second exhaust passage (10B) having an oxygen storing catalyst (11B) is connected to cylinders of a second group (1B). These exhaust passages are joined as a collective exhaust passage (10C). Normally, the air-fuel ratio of the first group (1A) is feedback controlled based on the oxygen concentration of the first exhaust passage (10A), and the air-fuel ratio of the second group (1B) is feedback controlled based on the oxygen concentration of the second exhaust passage (10B). When deterioration of the catalysts is diagnosed, the phases of the air-fuel ratio are made to coincide with each other between the groups by performing feedback correction of the air-fuel ratio of all groups based on the oxygen concentration of the first exhaust passage (10A).

Abstract: A method for determining the efficiency of a three-way catalyst is presented. It is shown that more accurate results are achieved if the efficiency estimates are performed when the engine is at idle or during low load operating conditions. The efficiency is inferred from the amount of fuel required to purge the device after it has been fully saturated with oxidants due to lean operation. Due to improved accuracy and reduced reductant waste, this method allows for improved emission control and fuel efficiency.

Abstract: An emission control system has a catalyst and a sensor responding to a component of exhaust gas. In order to speed warming up the catalyst, the emission control system increases the amount of heat dissipated by exhaust gas. A diagnosis of the emission control system is carried out by determining whether the amount of heat dissipated by exhaust gas is sufficient or insufficient. The amount of heat dissipated by exhaust gas is represented by the length of time to an activated state of the sensor. In the diagnosis, the amount of heat generated by a heater provided in the sensor is taken into consideration. The diagnosis can also be carried out before and after the warming up the catalyst. The heater can also be deactivated. Detection of an abnormality of a secondary air control system can be based on a component of exhaust gas. If the amount of heat dissipated by exhaust gas is found insufficient, additional control can be executed.

Abstract: A selective catalytic reduction system for engine exhaust injects a solution comprising a source of ammonia, preferably an aqueous urea solution, or other ammonia solution, to preferably evaporate, decompose and hydrolyze to produce ammonia to react with and reduce NOX in the exhaust. An inertial impactor in the housing between the injector and the catalyst is impacted by the solution droplets and holds same until evaporated, decomposed and hydrolyzed to ammonia.

Abstract: In order to improve performance of NOx reduction, an additional fuel injection immediately after a main fuel injection is performed. By such additional fuel injection, hydrogen (H2) is supplied to a NOx trap catalyst. And in order to prevent engine output torque from varying by the additional fuel injection, the main fuel injection is controlled by whether the additional fuel injection is performed.

Abstract: Apparatus for supplying supplemental air to exhaust gases exiting exhaust ports in a wall of a cylinder head of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine and entering runners of an exhaust manifold through runner inlet ports aligned with the respective exhaust ports. An air injection plate is interposed between the cylinder head and the manifold. The air injection plate has openings aligned and registering with the respective exhaust ports and runner inlet ports. A fitting directs the supplemental air to the air injection plate openings to combine with the exhaust gases passing from the exhaust ports to the runner inlet ports.

Abstract: The invention relates to a coolant circuit for a motor vehicle having an engine and a radiator. The coolant circuit includes an exhaust gas heat exchanger and enables engine coolant coming from the radiator to be supplied directly to the exhaust gas heat exchanger. In a preferred embodiment, coolant coming from the radiator and/or from the engine can be selectively supplied to the exhaust gas heat exchanger via a changeover device.

Abstract: An electromotor M of a electrohydraulic motor pump aggregate G drives at least one pump stage P, P1, P3. An attached element C is inserted between at least one pressure side port of the pump stage, a return line 13, and at least one consumer port A, B, 5, 6. A multiways control valve 3 is installed between the consumer port and the pressure side port. A pressure limiting valve R1, R2 constructed as a seated valve is installed between the consumer port A, B, 5, 6 and the return line 13. The motor pump aggregate G has an automatic hydraulic pressure relieving device D for relieving the system pressure whenever the electromotor M is switched off.

Abstract: A hydrostatic transmission including a variable displacement pump including an input shaft and a pump cylinder barrel rotatably coupled to the input shaft, the pump cylinder barrel having a plurality of cylinder chambers arranged in parallel with other and distributed about the input shaft axis of rotation. Each cylinder chamber has a reciprocating piston therein which bears against a pivotable swashplate, the displacement of the pump being varied in response to changes in the position of the swashplate. A gerotor motor is attached to the pump and has an output shaft. The motor includes an engaged pair of inner and outer members, the outer member being eccentric relative to the inner member. The inner member is rotatably driven relative to the outer member by fluid received between the inner and outer members from the pump, the inner member being drivingly connected to the output shaft.

Abstract: A portable modular water heater system having a heat exchanger and a fluid heating channel for heating water from a reservoir and for optionally producing purified potable water. Optionally, a thermoelectric module is included in the system for producing an electric current usable to rechargeable batteries, drive pumps, or other devices. When the heat exchanger module is exposed to a heat source, heat absorbed by the heat exchanger is transferred to the fluid heating channel, heating the water. The heated water is forced into an upper portion of the reservoir. A condenser module is optionally coupled to the reservoir to condense steam in the upper portion. The thermoelectric module produces an electrical current when exposed to a temperature differential between the reservoir's cool water and the heat exchanger. A portable microclimate heating system, such as a jacket with tubing, can be heated with the heater system.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for efficiently generating mechanical or electrical energy. The method includes the steps of heating a vaporizable, first liquid heat transfer medium to generate a high pressure vapor; utilizing the high pressure vapor to provide mechanical energy and thereafter condensing the vapor to a liquid; and recycling the condensed liquid to the heating step for re-use as the first liquid heat transfer medium. The apparatus includes a closed loop heat transfer medium system having a first heat exchanger for heating a vaporizable, first liquid heat transfer medium to generate a high pressure vapor; a mechanical device which utilizes the high pressure vapor to provide mechanical energy; a condenser for condensing the vapor to a liquid; and piping for fluidly connecting the first heat exchanger, mechanical device and condenser, and for recycling the condensed liquid to the first heat exchanger for re-use.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for depressurizing a gas, comprising at least one cycle of: expanding the gas to a lower pressure and temperature while extracting mechanical energy and converting the mechanical energy to electrical energy; raising the temperature of the gas to ambient temperature through use of heat exchange means; heating the gas with at least some of the energy derived from the step of expanding the gas; whereby the pressure of the gas can be reduced, and the temperature of the gas can be returned near ambient temperature without requiring consumption of chemical energy from the gas. The instant invention also provides a new approach in extracting the potential energy available in the pressure difference between high pressure and low pressure natural gas, while maintaining outlet temperature at reasonable levels.

Abstract: A condenser neck (1) comprises two level cover plates (2) and two side walls (3) located between them that are favorably shaped with respect to flow technology. The cover plates (2) and side walls (3) may be reinforced with ribs (4a,4b). A pipe (5) arranged between the cover plates (2) further reinforces the condenser neck (1). It would also be conceivable to provide openings (11) for bypass lines in the pipe (5) and/or in the side walls (3).

Abstract: A hydrogen storage apparatus M stores a liquid hydrogen tank 1, hydrogen filling passage 3 that fills liquid hydrogen in to the liquid hydrogen tank, a degassing passage 4 provided with a relief valve V1 that opens when the pressure of hydrogen gasified in the liquid hydrogen tank reaches a predetermined level, and a hydrogen occlusive tank 2 that accommodates a hydrogen occlusive alloy 21 for storing the gasified hydrogen. When liquid hydrogen is being filled into the liquid hydrogen tank 1, the pressure in the hydrogen occlusive tank 2 is lowered using a duct 51, a cooling fan 52, and a conduit 54 for cooling the hydrogen occlusive tank 2. Accordingly, the filling time is shortened and the fuel efficiency is improved.

Abstract: A liquid CO2 injection system produces a negatively buoyant consolidated stream of liquid CO2, CO2 hydrate, and water that sinks upon release at ocean depths in the range of 700-1500 m. In this approach, seawater at a predetermined ocean depth is mixed with the liquid CO2 stream before release into the ocean. Because mixing is conducted at depths where pressures and temperatures are suitable for CO2 hydrate formation, the consolidated stream issuing from the injector is negatively buoyant, and comprises mixed CO2-hydrate/CO2-liquid/water phases. The “sinking” characteristic of the produced stream will prolong the metastability of CO2 ocean sequestration by reducing the CO2 dissolution rate into water. Furthermore, the deeper the CO2 hydrate stream sinks after injection, the more stable it becomes internally, the deeper it is dissolved, and the more dispersed is the resulting CO2 plume.

Abstract: An article according to one embodiment of the disclosures herein includes a cooling core body, a cooling member and a super-coolable composition. The cooling core body has a core cavity therein. The cooling member disposed in the core cavity. A super-coolable composition is disposed within the core cavity encapsulating at least a portion of the cooling member.

Abstract: A setting system for a vehicle air-conditioner is provided. The setting system allows for individual settings coupled with ergonomic functionality. The setting system comprises a control panel with a touch-sensitive display screen connected to a microcomputer-based controller having control outputs at least to a fan unit, to air distribution valves and to temperature adjusters of the air-conditioner. The display screen is adapted to display current settings and available setting options of at least (i) air flow rate, (ii) air distribution and (iii) air temperature, in the form of analog symbol representations that respond to tactile contact to vary current settings.

Abstract: A control server includes a device information database storing device characteristic data constituting the air conditioning equipment, a fuel/power rate database storing price and rate data regarding gas, oil, power and the like, a device characteristic and price database, an air conditioning equipment simulator for calculating running costs by using the data stored in the fuel/power rate database, and communication portion for performing communications through a network. The control server, and an air conditioning management controller for managing and controlling the air conditioning equipment provided with the communication portion for performing communications through the network, are connected to the network.

Abstract: An air conditioning system (multi-air conditioner system) which has a plurality of indoor units installed inside of a predefined space for performing air conditioning and an outdoor unit installed outside of the space for controlling the indoor units, and a method for controlling the same. In an installation process, an installer need not personally set addresses in the indoor units one by one, because the outdoor unit automatically sets the addresses in the indoor units. Therefore, as compared with conventional air conditioning systems, a period of time required for the address setting and an error occurrence probability can be reduced and the convenience to the user can be increased. Furthermore, the address setting can automatically be conducted without additionally using separate hardware modules, thereby reducing parts costs required in manufacturing a multi-air conditioner.

Abstract: An air conditioning system which has a plurality of indoor units installed inside of a predefined space for performing air conditioning and an outdoor unit installed outside of the space for controlling the indoor units, and a method for controlling the same. The indoor units store unique production numbers assigned respectively thereto in manufacturing processes thereof, and the outdoor unit recognizes the production numbers of the indoor units and automatically sets addresses in the indoor units on the basis of the recognized production numbers. Therefore, in an installation process, an installer need not personally set addresses in the indoor units one by one, resulting in greater convenience of installation. Further, as compared with conventional air conditioning systems, a period of time required for the address setting and an error occurrence probability can be reduced.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a system and method for controlling the degree of superheat of an air conditioner. The air conditioner includes a compressor controlled in a pulse width modulation manner according to duty control signals, a condenser, an electronic expansion valve and an evaporator so as to form a refrigeration cycle. An entrance temperature sensor situated at the entrance of the evaporator and an exit temperature sensor situated at the exit of the evaporator are connected to a control unit. The control unit calculates the degree of superheat of the evaporator using the difference between mean entrance and exit temperatures of the evaporator sensed by the entrance temperature sensor and the exit temperature sensor for a period of time corresponding to a duty cycle period of the compressor, and regulates the opening of the electronic expansion valve according to the calculated degree of superheat.

Abstract: An air conditioning system for a vehicle that is driven by a vehicular power source. The system has a compressor selectively operable by the vehicular power source and an electric motor. The electric motor is used as a drive force of the compressor when the vehicular power source is in a non-operative state. The compressor compresses refrigerant gas introduced into a suction chamber from an external refrigerant circuit. A displacement of the compressor is variable, based on a differential pressure. The compressor has a control valve that is disposed on a refrigerant passage communicating with the crank chamber. The control valve has a valve plunger for changing an opening size of the control valve to adjust pressure in the crank chamber. The air conditioning system comprises pressure sensing member, actuator, and controller. The pressure sensing member is disposed in the control valve and applies biasing force to the plunger based on pressure in the external circuit.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus and method of operating a refrigeration system. The apparatus and method includes providing a fuel pressure monitoring device that is disposed along a fuel line, automatically shutting down the engine if the fuel pressure meets a first condition, restarting the engine, and operating the engine in an unrestricted mode if the fuel pressure monitoring device records a second condition and shutting down the engine if the fuel pressure monitoring device does not record the second condition. An apparatus and method of operating a diesel engine of a refrigeration system that is coupled to an inline fuel injection system is also disclosed.

Abstract: An energy administration device serves for operating an absorption refrigerating device with different energy sources and includes an energy control unit (7) for controlling and selecting an energy source. It includes at least one gas operation unit (8 to 12) for operating said absorption refrigerating device with gas with a gas burner connected to a gas supply line, which can be controlled by a surveillance system. Said surveillance system is an ignition surveillance system and includes an ionisation sensor and/or UV sensor for surveying said gas flame of said gas burner (11).

Abstract: In order to enhance air heating capacity during low outdoor air temperature, a gas heat pump type air conditioning device comprises a compression device having a gas engine driving source and forming a refrigerating cycle by circulating a refrigerant, an engine-coolant-water system, a channel change switching device, a bypass channel which is provided with the channel change switching device in the engine-coolant-water system downstream of the gas engine, and an engine-coolant-water heating device provided in the bypass channel, and waste heat exhausted from the gas engine is collected in the engine-coolant-water, and the refrigerant is heated by the engine-coolant-water so as to enhance air-heating-capacity.

Abstract: A draught beverage (170) which may be alcoholic or non-alcoholic, for example a lager or cider in an open-topped drinking vessel or glass (172). The beverage comprises a water content and dissolved gas content. The draught beverage is dispensed from a font at a cooled temperature below the freezing point of water at ambient atmospheric pressure. The dispense temperature may be in the range of −1° C. to −12° C. The beverage in the glass may or may not be subjected to external excitement energy, for example ultra-sound, to encourage formation of nucleation sites in the beverage. Either way dissolved gas bubbles out of the beverage causing occurrence of nucleation sites at which ice (188A, 188B) from the water content forms. At least in part the ice has a slushy character. A head (174) also forms on the dispensed draught beverage and below the head the ice (188A,188B) locates and develops downwards into the beverage.

Abstract: A cooling container suitable for cooling a beverage is provided. Inside of the container with an opened upper end and a closed bottom is divided by a partition element made of a material such as a perforated plate into at least two parts for receiving water and ice and for receiving an object to be cooled. An appropriate amount of ice blocks and cold water are put in one of the parts, and only the cold water is allowed to flow into the other part through the partition element. The object to be cooled such as canned beer or bottled wine is cooled or cool-kept by inserting it into the part of the cold water. The position of the object to be cooled received is stably retained by the partition element 20 so that the handling of the object to be cooled is conveniently made.

Abstract: A device useful for delivering carbon dioxide snow comprises a supply conduit for providing a flow of pressurized carbon dioxide, a plurality of tubes disposed side by side, each tube having a constant cross-sectional configuration and area throughout its length, each tube having a first end the peripheral edges of which are sealed to the outside of the conduit wall and a second end which is open to the ambient atmosphere, and a plurality of apertures for carbon dioxide to flow through the conduit wall and expand to solids and vapor, there being at least one aperture communicating with the interior of each of said plurality of tubes.

Abstract: Ear jewelry, comprising in combination, a first decorative wire extending in a looping direction to conform generally to the looping periphery of a human ear, decorative ornamentation structure carried by and spaced along the wire, and support structure connected to the wire at at least one of two looping spaced locations along the wire, the support structure including at least one attachment connectible to the ear.