Abstract: A folder for holding loose leaf pages including a cover member and two elongated, semi-rigid, elastic leaf-engaging tongues coupled to the cover member, wherein the length of the tongues is at least three quarters the width of a loose-leaf page, and further including at least one substantially rigid hanging element reciprocatably coupled to the cover member, each hanging element including a tongue-receiving aperture, wherein the tongue-receiving aperture in at least one of the hanging elements merges into an elongate slit, in which a threaded tongue can be lockingly engaged.

Abstract: Joint structure of knockdown card, including a main body and a first connecting section and a second connecting section respectively extending from two ends of the main body. A main card and several subsidiary cards of the knockdown card are formed with connecting sections corresponding to the first and second connecting sections. By means of connecting the connecting sections, the main card and subsidiary cards are assembled and can be relatively swung about the connecting sections so as to change the angle contained between the main card and subsidiary cards. The joint structure can be two-segment joint to achieve more mobile activity of the knockdown card.

Abstract: A flexible joint assembly includes a joint assembly inlet, a joint assembly outlet, and a fluid flow path between the inlet and the outlet. The fluid flow path includes a first pivot joint, a second pivot joint, and a central fluid conductor fluidly coupling the pivot joints. A method of servicing a fluid system includes transporting a fluid through a service device including the flexible joint assembly.

Abstract: A device for adjusting the position of a stroller handle includes two housings each having a first half part, and a second half parts turnably combined with the first half part. The housing each receives a toothed disk, and ahs a control button thereto. The toothed disks have radial teeth, and are each biased to the joint of the half parts by a spring so as to engage the locking teeth of the first half part and the teeth of the second half part at the same time for preventing the second half part from moving relative to the first half part. The second half parts can be turned relative to the first ones when the control buttons are manipulated to make the toothed disks disengage the first half parts, thus allowing the handle to be adjusted.

Abstract: An apparatus to reposition a temperature indicator stick for welding, metal fabrication, and heat treatment is disclosed. The apparatus includes a housing having an outer surface and an inner chamber to receive a temperature indicator stick therein. An advancement mechanism is positioned about the outer surface of the housing, and is capable of contact with a temperature indicator stick positioned in the chamber of the housing to advance the temperature indicator stick with motion applied to the advancement mechanism.

Abstract: A threaded fastener and a connector having the threaded fastener are provided, which threaded fastener includes: a shank, with a screw thread thereon, to be screwed to a mating member; and a head continuing from the shank and having a regular-polygonal cross section, wherein the head has an expanding portion with a cross-sectional area gradually becoming larger toward the shank and a reducing portion with a cross-sectional area gradually becoming smaller toward the shank, the reducing portion continues from the expanding portion in a direction of an axis of the shank, and the reducing portion is arranged nearer the shank than the expanding portion.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a ball-and-socket joint, comprising a joint housing 1 with a housing recess 2, a pivot pin 4, which is mounted in the housing recess with its joint ball 3 provided with a surface protection, and whose pin section protrudes from a housing opening 18, with a bearing shell 5 arranged between the joint housing and the joint ball, and with a closing ring 7, which closes the housing recess of the joint housing and tensions the bearing shell arranged therein in the joint housing.

Abstract: Connecting element with two joining surfaces which make possible a friction-enhancing, play-free reversible connecting of two workpieces to be joined, characterized by the fact that the connecting element displays a component surface lying outside the joining surfaces which is shaped in such a way that it displays an elastic or springy property which makes possible a reversible locking of the connecting element on one of the workpieces to be joined together.

Abstract: A latching mechanism for joining two instruments end to end, comprising two pommels extending rearwardly from instruments handles, each pommel having a bolt extending toward the other and each pommel having a socket to receive the bolt so extending and means to quickly and easily detach the two instruments so joined.

Abstract: A vehicle window glass holder is disclosed, which is capable of easily fixing a window glass only by rotating a shaft, and easily extracting the shaft by reversely rotating the shaft to allow reuse. The holder comprises a holding member and a shaft. The shaft includes projecting pieces provided on its tip, a support portion for supporting the projecting pieces, and a main body connected to the support portion. The holding member includes a pair of opposing pieces, and each of the opposing pieces has an shaft inserting hole. The shaft is inserted into the holes of the holding member. By rotating the shaft, the shaft is engaged with the holding member, and thus the shaft is prevented from being extracted from the holding member.

Abstract: An assembly for automatically compensating variations of the spacing between first and second structural members due to manufacturing and/or mounting tolerances. The assembly comprises a bolt, a nut and a compensation sleeve. The compensation sleeve has left-handed external threads adapted to be threadingly engaged with mating left-handed internal threads of the nut, and a clamping portion adapted to be connected to the nut via frictional drag and rotatable relative to the bolt when said frictional drag has been overcome, such that the bolt when being rotated causes the compensation sleeve to rotate so as to be unthreaded from the nut. When the compensation sleeve has engaged the first structural member, the frictional drag will be overcome, and the bolt can be threadingly engaged with right-handed internal threads of the nut or the compensation sleeve for clamping the first and second structural members together.

Abstract: A vehicle mounted crash attenuator includes first and second bays mounted together at a rotational joint. One or more hydraulic cylinders are mounted between the bays to move the second bay between a deployed position, in which the first and second bays are aligned horizontally, and a retracted position, in which the second bay is rotated about the rotational joint by a rotation angle greater than 90° from the deployed position. In this way, the second bay is raised above the first bay, and the overall length of the crash attenuator is shortened, all without excessively increasing the overall height of the crash attenuator.

Abstract: The present invention provides cantilevered structural support systems subjected principally to lateral-load conditions, such as guard rail systems, which are made of solid materials and which are designed to remove drifting snow from the road surface. The present invention identifies the design lateral-load plus vertical design loads imposed via installation activities plus design torsional load requirements plus design required soil-matrix resistance development then matches the structural requirements by way of either material mass and/or shape. The post and block section of the rail are combined into one curved object and divided into two or more branches, connecting the post/block object to the rail. The branch' median curve is above the highest point on the rail's surface. The sectional shape of the rail is elliptical and the axes are declined towards the surface of the road.

Abstract: A high traction anti-icing road cover system is disclosed. The system includes a pair of base magnetic covers, for example steel plates or flexible non-porous magnetic layers, disposed in grooves in a road surface, such as a bridge span or deck, along the expected tire tracks followed by vehicles. A road cover is constructed of a lamination of a flexible non-porous magnetic layer, an intermediate thermal insulating layer and a tube layer including a plurality of bonded parallel tubes. The plurality of tubes extend obliquely across the width of each road cover. Most of the tubes contain a substance that collapses upon the temperature falling below about freezing; other tubes remain extended above the collapsed surface, to provide better traction in the event of icing of the road surface. All of the tubes are somewhat deformable by the weight of passing vehicles, which mechanically breaks forming ice. Selected tubes may contain a heating coil, coupled to a switch that controllably applies current thereto.

Abstract: An artificial reef comprises at least one bag which is generally configured to define at least a portion of a reef and which is at least partially fillable with air. An anchor is attached to the bag for maintaining the bag at a desired location substantially underwater. A plurality of such bags may be attached to one another and configured so as to define a reef which enhances the suitability of waves for surfing or which mitigates beach erosion.

Abstract: A subterranean irrigation system comprises a conduit that is attached to a soaker sheet having upper and lower permeable membranes that define a hollow interior there between. The hollow interior facilitates fluid flow there through while minimizing fluid flow resistance. The sheet typically includes a heat welded side seam along three sides of the upper and lower membranes to prevent the flow of water there through, wherein the remaining edge of the sheet is secured to the conduit. The sheet further includes a plurality of holes cut into the upper and lower membranes, wherein the hole pattern extends over the entire sheet. The holes allow the roots of grass or ground cover to grow through the soaker mat and simultaneously define channels of water flow around the holes between the upper and lower membranes.

Abstract: Rock drilling rig comprising a carrier (1) provided with a service platform (7). The platform is arranged on a boom (6). The carrier (1) is provided with a four link mechanism (8) which is swingable in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (2) of the carrier. The boom (6) is swingably arranged on a link (9) incorporated in the four link mechanism (8) and arranged at a distance from the carrier (1).

Abstract: A method of fitting a lining in a pipeline is disclosed comprising the steps of providing a flexible tubular liner having a cross section sized to fit the pipeline, attaching a pig which is a close fit in the pipeline to an end of the liner and locating the pig in the pipeline. The liner is compacted to a reduced cross-section on or prior to entry to the pipeline to facilitate passage of the liner along the pipeline, and a fluid pressure is applied to the pig to cause the pig to pass along the pipeline and, to draw the liner into the pipeline.

Abstract: A ditchable trim weighting device for scuba tanks, comprised of a length of curved tubing made of elastic material (preferably rubber) filled with shot or a combination of lighter material, sealed flat on the ends which are threaded as straps to the male and female elements of a quick-release buckle (preferably side-release) providing a stretched, snug grip when fastened around a standard diameter scuba tank.

Abstract: A pile guide, for supporting a pile as it is driven into a substrate, has a base frame and a pile guide member mounted on the base frame. The base frame comprises one or more substrate-engaging supports, moveable between an inoperative position and an operative position, with movement of the or each substrate-engaging support into the operative position resulting in an increase in the area of the base frame which, in use, rests on the substrate.

Abstract: A granular semiconductor material transport system capable of continuous, non-contaminating transfer of granular semiconductor material from a large source vessel to a smaller and more manageable target vessel. Movement of the granular material is induced by flowing transfer fluid. The system includes a source vessel, a feed tube, a process vessel, a target vessel and a vacuum source, or mover. The source vessel contains a bulk supply of granular material to be transported. A feed tube received within the source vessel transfers the granular material entrained in a transfer fluid from the source vessel to the process vessel. The process vessel separates the granular material from any dust particles and deposits the granular material in the more manageable target vessel. The vacuum source sealably connects to the process vessel to evacuate the process vessel to set the granular polysilicon in motion within the system.

Abstract: A hollow mill tool comprising a shank portion and a plurality of radially spaced and axially extending tool posts integrally formed with and projecting from the shank portion. Each tool post has a longitudinal cutting insert mounting face and each mounting face defines a first plurality of axially extending serrations. A cutting insert is mounted on each mounting face and each insert has a second plurality of axially extending serrations defining a back face and intermeshing with the first plurality of serrations. A threaded fastener extends through a front face of each cutting insert and is received in each of the tool posts to securely hold each cutting insert against its tool post.

Abstract: A rotary trim tool (11) and method for trimming workpieces of various materials. The rotary trim tool comprises a shank (12), a trim guide (13), a cutting member (14), and a trim-depth guide (15). For use, the tool (11) is mounted in a rotatable machine, such as a router. The trim tool (11) is setup for trimming by adjusting its axial position in relation to the workpiece, and by using a trim-depth guide (15) of appropriate dimension. Using this method, the rotary trim tool (11) is capable of trimming the workpiece to precise dimensions.

Abstract: A cutting insert, intended for chip removing machining, includes a body delimited by two opposite, first and second surfaces, which in the operative state of the cutting insert form an actively chip removing top surface and a bottom surface, respectively. The insert also includes at least one side surface, serving as a flank surface, which extends between the first and second surfaces. A cutting edge is formed between the flank surface and at least one of said first and second surfaces, in which a segment is included, which has the purpose of smoothening and facing the machined surface of the workpiece. The smoothening edge segment is divided into at least three different part edge segments, a first of which forms a tangent point and is surrounded by two part edge segments having longer radii (R22, R23) than the first edge part segment.

Abstract: An end effector having a platform and a motor coupled to the platform for driving a drilling member. A motor housing is coupled to the platform and includes a plurality of photogrammetry targets secured thereto. The photogrammetry targets are oriented so as to be readily detectable by a photogrammetry sensor for determining the orientation of the end effector and corresponding drilling member. A pressure foot member and pneumatic cylinders are operably coupled to the platform such that the pneumatic cylinders maintain a constant pressure upon the pressure foot member to provide material clamp up. A depth control device is also provided for accurately controlling the depth of the drilling member and preventing further drilling.

Abstract: A drill stand (1) for a manually operable tool device (2) is formed of a fixedly mountable base plate (4) having a through passageway (5) extending perpendicularly therethrough for the passage of a clamping bolt (6) having at least one axially effective stop shoulder (7a, 7b), so that at least one detent means (8) with an axially effective counter shoulder (10a, 10b) for axial form-locking engagement of the shoulder stops (7a, 7b) of the clamping bolt (6). At least one manually operable eccentric cam (11a, 11b) affords axial clamping of the clamping bolt (6) locked by the detent means (8) and arranged relative to the through passageway (5).

Abstract: The invention relates to a drilling tool (36), in particular for working concrete, rock, masonry and suchlike materials, having a single- or multi-edge tool head with at least one cutting body (1) which comprises a central region (12) which is designed in a roof shape, has rake faces and flanks and is defined laterally by two outer regions (13, 14) set back in the effective direction of the drill. In this case, the ground surfaces of the central region (12) form a pyramidal point (15) while avoiding the formation of a chisel edge.

Abstract: The a cutting tool, especially a reaming and countersinking tool, has having a base body, on which at least one blade is replaceably fixed by clamping by means of at least one tensioning member, the at least one tensioning member comprising a tensioning surface engaging on the blade and a bearing surface facing the base body, wherein the clamping surface of the blade or the tensioning surface of the at least one tensioning member and a region of the bearing surface or of a contact surface in the base body lying opposite the tensioning surface or the clamping surface are disposed at an angle of less than 60° relative to one another.

Abstract: A drive spindle is formed with an axially forwardly open socket of noncircular section and with at least one radially throughgoing passage open radially inward into the socket. A chuck body has a stem of noncircular section complementary to that of the socket and formed with a radially outwardly open recess. A locking element is radially displaceable in the passage between an inner position projecting radially inward into the socket and an outer position clear of the socket and projecting radially outward from the spindle. The stem is fittable to the socket with its recess aligned with the passage. A collar is formed with an inner surface closely juxtaposed with an outside surface of the spindle and with a radially inwardly open recess.

Abstract: A drill has a drive spindle centered on and rotatable about a spindle axis and formed centered on the axis with an axially forwardly open socket of noncircular section and with at least one radially throughgoing passage open radially inward into the socket. A locking element is radially displaceable in the passage between an inner position projecting radially inward into the socket and an outer position clear of the socket and projecting radially outward from the spindle. A collar is formed with an inner surface closely juxtaposed with an outside surface of the spindle and with a radially inwardly open recess. The collar is axially displaceable on the spindle between a locked position with its inner surface pressing the element into the inner position and an unlocked position with its recess level with the element and the element movable into the outer position engaged in the collar recess.

Abstract: An edge protector for a hole saw made as a strip (21) of a polymer material assembled as loop fitting inside the hole saw blade, with a width exceeding the height of the cylindrical toothed part of the hole saw blade (11) so much that the saw teeth are protected from damaging or being damaged by hard items when stored

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a gantry type hybrid parallel linkage five-axis machine tool composed of a machine framework a parallel spatial linkage mechanism, a feeding shaft mechanism, and a controller unit. The parallel spatial linkage mechanism is formed of three straight feeding molding dies rotatably hinged together with a base so that enabling this rotatable base to perform uni-dimensional linear motion and two-dimensional swiveling. Besides by controlling the operation of the feeding shaft mechanism with the controller unit, the parallel spatial linkage mechanism fixed to the machine framework is able to perform two-dimensional planar motion so as to operate the machine tools more accurately and efficiently in refining work.

Abstract: The invention refers to a connection means for strapping or transport belts, comprising a lock body and an engagement element, characterized in that the lock body comprises a plurality of integrally connected lock elements and forms a guide means for at least one strapping or transport belt.

Abstract: The invention relates to an expansible fixing plug (10) having an expansion screw (14), which is located in an expansible fixing plug sleeve (12). In accordance with the invention, a screw thread (30) is of saw tooth construction and a rear part (16) of the fixing plug sleeve (12) is axially extendable. When the expansible fixing plug (10) is subjected to axial loading the expansion screw (30) moves axially in the fixing plug sleeve (12) and the screw thread (30) expands the fixing plug sleeve (12). The expansible fixing plug (10) therefore has a subsequent-expansion behaviour when a drilled hole becomes enlarged. A further advantage of the invention is the mounting of the expansible fixing plug (10) by hammering in without turning the expansion screw (14). The core diameter of the screw thread (30) enlarges from the front to the rear to increase the capacity of the expansion screw (14) to withstand transverse loading. (FIG. 5).

Abstract: The invention comprises a tolerance compensating mounting device comprising a bushing having an internal and external thread. The bushing is threaded into a part to be mounted to a surface. A bolt is then threaded into a bushing bore using the internal threads. The internal threads cause an interference fit between the bolt shank and the threads, temporarily preventing further insertion of the bolt. The bolt is then turned further, thereby turning the bushing and causing the bushing to unscrew from the part toward the mounting surface until the bushing seats on the mounting surface, thereby completely compensating for a tolerance gap. As the bolt is turned further, at a relatively low torque the sacrificial internal threads are stripped allowing the bolt to be fully torqued into the mounting surface hole, thereby simultaneously connecting the components with a properly torqued connection while compensating for a tolerance gap.

Abstract: A washer (390) for a threaded fastener assembly and a threaded fastener assembly (100) incorporating such a washer. The washer (390) comprises a body having a central axis including two opposed sides (391, 392) an outer periphery (393) and an inner periphery defining a central aperture (394) extending between the two opposed sides. The body incorporates an engaging face (396) for frictionally engaging a component of the threaded fastener assembly or a work-piece. A ramp structure (340) extends angularly between the inner periphery and one side (392) for interacting with a further component of the threaded fastener assembly to provide a mechanical connection therebetween for resisting unthreading of the threaded fastener assembly. The engaging face (396) is associated with the other side (391) and extends circumferentially about the central axis.

Abstract: The invention relates to a holding device for fixing a car body element to the structure of a motor vehicle. The inventive device is of the type that comprises a panel (10) formed by a sheet (11) which defines a support face that is adapted to co-operate with the car body element and which comprises means (14, 15) for locking to the car body element and frangible means (16) for releasing the car body element. Said device also comprises an element (30) for quarter-turn fixing in an opening in the structure which is used to hold the assembly formed by the panel (10) and the car body element.

Abstract: The present invention provides a fastener, such as a screw or nut and tool designed in particular for use with an orthopedic implant system wherein the fastener has a multi-lobed torque driving recess. The recess has a central area bounded by equally spaced hemicircular grooves separated by internally projecting land having two sharp edges. The tool has a corresponding male shape, which in conjugation with the recess, is designed to achieve a controlled torque load with a minimized possibility of stripping the recess or of shearing the torque-driving tip from the tool.

Abstract: This invention concerns a screw for the anti-fraud locking of a throttle or clamp lever on the control rod of a valve shutter or stopcock, comprising a threaded shank having a polygonal head surmounted by a truncated-cone shaped dome, semi-spherical or of other shape, the base of which extends over the edge of the perimeter surface of said polygonal head, where said dome is free to turn around the shank above said polygonal head, so that only by means of a special tool can the threaded screw shank be tightened or loosened by means of the nut, while by operating on the dome with any tool or utensil, no effect is achieved as this is able to turn idly around the threaded shank.

Abstract: A fastener assembly for securing a first molded component to a second molded component is provided. The fastener assembly includes a stud that is a molded part of the first component and extends outward from the first component and a cylindrical wall that is a molded part of the second component. A longitudinal bore is defined by the cylindrical wall and at least one flute extends radially from the cylindrical wall into the bore and longitudinally along the cylindrical wall in a helical manner. The flute secures the stud in the bore of the cylindrical wall upon insertion of the stud into the bore. A method of fastening a first component to a second component is also provided.

Abstract: A curable hot melt adhesive is used as a primer on a book block. A conventional thermoplastic hot melt is then applied on top of the reactive hot melt before the cover material is positioned.

Abstract: A loading device for ISO containers in a container terminal is arranged below the land-side boom in the rear area of the container bridge and cooperates with container transport vehicles. The loading device comprises at least two bridge members which are movable on the ground independent from one another transverse to the longitudinal axis of the boom, and are oriented parallel to one another and to the boom. Each bridge member forms a loading station for an ISO container and carries in the area of its longitudinal center a receiving platform for an ISO container which can be set down and picked up by load-carrying means, this receiving platform being rotatable about a vertical axis.

Abstract: A substrate processing apparatus includes a process room for treating one or more substrates, an antechamber of a loadlock type installed to be adjoined to the process room, and a buffer chamber installed to be adjoined to the antechamber, the buffer chamber being maintained at an atmospheric pressure while the one or more substrates are transferred from a carrier for accommodating the one or more substrates to the buffer chamber and at a vacuum condition while the one or more substrates are transferred from the buffer chamber to the antechamber. The buffer chamber is equipped with a loading port for loading the carrier at a top or a side portion thereof. The antechamber is equipped with a stocker for storing one or more product substrates or/and one or more dummy substrates therein. The elevator is arranged at a corner portion of the antechamber in order to reduce dead space.

Abstract: A semiconductor fabricating method is disclosed. A first container accommodating a predetermined number of semiconductor wafers and labeled with a first identifier and a second container labeled with a second identifier are mounted on a first processing apparatus, and the first and second identifiers are stored. While the first processing apparatus is submitting the semiconductor wafers to a first process, designated ones of the processed wafers are loaded into the second container as sample wafers. The second container is mounted on an inspection apparatus to inspect the sample wafers. Then, the first and second containers are mounted on a second processing apparatus and are identified by comparison of identifiers thereof with the stored first and second identifiers, respectively. The second processing apparatus submits the rest of the processed semiconductor wafers and the inspected sample wafers to a second process, and the processed sample wafers are returned to the first container.

Abstract: The invention concerns one or two belts-staircases that link several storage levels. Each level has linear storage belts accessed through a belt that connect the level to the intake. The outlet from the storage belts ends in another belt connecting them to the outlet and again to the storage belts. At the intake to levels and storage belts there are divertors to divert merchandises into them. To control the flow, there are photoelectric cells and tag readers at the intakes and outlets of the various devices.

Abstract: An ID code reader, adapted to read an ID code from a wafer cassette or other substrate carrier, is integrated with a substrate carrier handling robot. In one aspect, the robot includes a support structure, and a chassis mounted for movement on the support structure. In this aspect an ID code reader is mounted on the chassis or otherwise mounted for movement along with an end effector adapted to engage the substrate carrier.

Abstract: The invention relates to an empty container store for the temporary storage of empty ISO containers, in particular in fully automatic container terminals of sea ports or river ports, having a gantry bridge crane (6) which can be automated, spans the empty container store (1), can be moved on an elevated craneway (4) and has a traveling crab (7) which can be moved thereon in the longitudinal direction thereof and to which a vertical lifting column (7.1) for a load receiving means (7.3, 7.4) which can be lifted and lowered and is intended for the empty container (8, 11, 13) is fastened. The load receiving means is a spreader (7.4) which is arranged on a spreader carriage (7.3), which is guided on the lifting column (7.1) by means of rollers (21), on a spreader support (18).

Abstract: A mobile passenger ramp for loading and unloading aircraft, the comprising having upper and lower frame sections connected pivotally so that the ramp can be folded for storage or movement about the tarmac and unfolded at an obtuse angle to form a wide “footprint” to provide wind or jet blast stability. An arcuate surface bridges between the ramps of the two frames when unfolded. The compact ramp remains safely clear of a “No-Go” zone while still being sufficiently long to minimize the slope of the ramp for improved ease of use by passengers, either ambulatory or in wheelchairs. A steerable wheel at one end of the ramp enables rotation of one frame about the pivoting connection for folding and unfolding the frames. Fixed wheels on the upper frame and a castored wheel positioned near the pivot point on the lower frame provide stability and easy maneuverability of the folded ramp.

Abstract: The present invention presents novel features for providing a lightweight, structurally rigid collection body comprising a loading assembly for dumping refuse into an elevated hopper; a reception area for refuse dumped into the hopper; a storage area for storage and compaction of refuse; a packer assembly for compression of the refuse within the storage area; a tailgate providing access to the storage area; a latching mechanism for the tailgate; and an actuation system comprised of hydraulic and electrical components for controlling the operation thereof. The collection body is self-contained and sufficiently rigid for mounting on the chassis of a vehicle without major vehicle modifications. Its walls are constructed of an inner wall, an outer wall, an upper frame member and a lower triangular member, forming a light weight, composite sidewall structure which resists bending and buckling. The inner wall may be easily replaced when damaged without replacement of the outer wall.

Abstract: A transfer system for transferring a transfer body onto a truck. The impetus to move the transfer body is provided by a driver mounted to the truck. The driver may engage a track extending along the transfer body in order to move the transfer body onto the truck. The track may be mounted to a pull bar pivotably secured near one end to the transfer body. The truck may have a dump-truck body with a continuous floor. The pull bar may be pulled underneath the floor as the transfer body is transferred onto the truck whereas the transfer body is pulled onto the floor.