Abstract: A camshaft has a cam having a circular profile. A cam-ring is rotatably arranged on a radial outside of the cam. The cam-ring orbits around the cam. The cam-ring has a metal bush on an inner surface thereon. The cam-ring rotates relative to the cam, but is prevented from a rotation itself. The cam has a groove inclined with respect to a rotating axis of the cam. The groove has openings on both axial ends of the cam. The groove introduces fuel as a lubricant into a gap between the cam and the metal bush. The fuel introduced into the gap improves a lubricity and prevents a sticking.

Abstract: The invention relates to a high-pressure fuel reservoir for a common rail fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine, having a plurality of connection openings, in particular connection openings for delivering and removing fuel and connection openings for sensors and valves and so forth. To increase the strength of the high-pressure fuel reservoir, the high-pressure fuel reservoir is equipped with a pulsation damping device.

Abstract: A fuel rail is provided for delivering fuel to a plurality of fuel injectors for a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine. The fuel rail includes a sealed housing having an inlet for receiving fuel, the housing having at least first and second injector outlets for delivering fuel to fuel injectors. The fuel rail also includes first and second filling chambers formed within said housing fluidly connected with respective first and second injector outlets. A reserve pump chamber is provided which is fluidly connected with each said filling chamber, the reserve pump chamber has a volume approximately at least equal to or greater than a volume of one of the filling chambers. The reserve pump chamber dampens pressure pulsations generated in one of the filling chambers from progression to another filling chamber.

Abstract: A fuel injection valve, which may be inserted into a locator bore of a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine, has a sealing ring located peripherally around the fuel injection valve in the locator bore. The sealing ring has a contact surface, having the shape of a spherical segment, toward the fuel injection valve, which presses against a corresponding counter surface, having the shape of a spherical segment, of the fuel injection valve.

Abstract: In a fuel injection control apparatus of an internal combustion engine for controlling a fuel supply quantities by making use of a fuel behavior model obtained by modeling the dynamic behavior of fuel flowing from injector into combustion chamber of cylinder of engine, the fuel behavior model is configured to estimate the dynamic fuel behavior such as attachment onto and detachment from a wall surface, e.g., using separate quantities, a wall surface adhesion quantity Fwv(k) of a low boiling point component and a wall surface adhesion quantity Fwp(k) of a high boiling point component at each time k, and to control an injected fuel quantity Fi(k) so that a fuel quantity Fc(k) of fuel flowing into the cylinder becomes a target value.

Abstract: An engine control system including a variable displacement internal combustion engine, a plurality of cylinders located in the internal combustion engine, a plurality of fuel injectors for providing fuel to the plurality of cylinders, a plurality of valves coupled to the plurality of cylinders, the plurality of valves controlling the air flow in and out of the cylinders, an actuation apparatus for actuating the plurality of valves, an intake manifold coupled to the internal combustion engine, a throttle coupled to the intake manifold, a controller electronically coupled to the fuel injectors, an accelerator pedal position sensor electronically coupled to the controller, and where the controller determines the number of the cylinders to provide with fuel and air and a desired engine output torque based on at least the accelerator pedal position sensor and the controller controls the throttle to control the amount of air entering the intake manifold, where the controller is capable of eliminating torque disturb

Abstract: A fuel injection apparatus including a controller to output an injection time command signal and an opening movement time command signal to command an opening movement time from a closed state to an open state of an electromagnetic fuel injection valve and a control circuit, coupled to the controller, to change an electric current flowing in a coil of the electromagnetic fuel injection valve between when the electromagnetic fuel injection valve is closed and opened. The controller sends both the injection time command signal and the opening movement time command signal through the same signal line to the control circuit.

Abstract: A fuel injection system for internal combustion engines is proposed in which gelation of the fuel is avoided by a fuel preheating that operates as a function of temperature. A pressure regulating valve of a common rail can be cooled as well.

Abstract: A method for cooling a fuel injection system and fuel injection systems are proposed that improve the hot-starting performance of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A method for checking the tightness of a tank system of a vehicle wherein one introduces, with the aid of a pressure source, an overpressure relative to the atmospheric pressure over a pregiven time interval alternately into the tank system and a reference leak of a defined size connected in parallel to the tank system and detects at least one operating characteristic variable of the pressure source when introducing the pressure into the tank system (tank measurement) as well as when introducing into the reference leak (reference measurement) and compares the tank measurement to the reference measurement and, when there is a deviation of the tank measurement from the reference measurement by a pregiven value, drawing a conclusion as to a leak, is characterized in that, when a conclusion as to a leak is drawn, introducing pressure into the tank system over a further time interval, lengthening the tank measurement, thereafter executing a renewed reference measurement and outputting a fault announcement “l

Abstract: An external drive supercharger is described. The external drive supercharger includes an impeller, a multibelt pulley adapted to a drive source, an impeller pulley drivingly coupled to the impeller, and an external drive belt having at least one rib coupled to the multibelt pulley to drive the impeller pulley. Further, the external drive assembly includes an adjustable idler engagingly connected to the external drive belt wherein the impeller pulley and the multibelt pulley engage with the at least one rib of the external drive belt.

Abstract: An apparatus for combustion initiation in an internal combustion engine is provided. A capacitive spark plug boot uses the engine cylinder head as an outer capacitor member. The capacitive spark plug boot contains a transformer, an inner capacitor member and an insulator. The insulator surrounds the inner capacitor member, with an outer surface of the insulator sized to engage a cylinder head cavity surrounding the spark plug. The capacitor stores electrical energy received from the transformer, and delivers it to the spark plug upon formation of a spark.

Abstract: An ignition coil having ion sense capability with combustion and knock outputs features improved determination of when to open and close a combustion window during which a combustion signal indicative of the level of combustion is calculated. The system also includes a knock window during which a knock signal indicative of the level of knock is determined. A PWM combustion signal is multiplexed on the same physical line as a current flag signal, and, a PWM knock intensity signal is multiplexed on the same physical line as a knock window signal, which reduces system connections. Closed loop multicharge ignition is provided with combustion detection during multicharging to ensure the availability of knock detection, thereby providing a longer effective spark burn time while still allowing for knock detection.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and an arrangement for operating an internal combustion engine wherein at least one control quantity of the engine is influenced in dependence upon a signal representing the fresh air charge. The throttle flap angle and the intake manifold pressure are determined and a respective signal is formed on the basis of the throttle flap angle and on the basis of the intake manifold pressure. The charge signal, which is formed on the basis of the throttle flap angle, is adapted to the signal, which is formed on the basis of the intake manifold pressure sensor, with the aid of at least one corrective factor.

Abstract: A fall away arrow rest in which the launcher arm normally extends upwardly and forwardly in the arrow window and is adapted to fall immediately downwardly under spring bias upon firing the arrow. The arrow rest includes a mechanism for maintaining the launcher arm in the substantially upward position during substantially the entire draw of the arrow.

Abstract: A paintball gun is disclosed which includes a data link for transferring data to and/of from a remote terminal. The link may be a contact or contactless one. A removable data carrier may be used.

Abstract: A shooting mechanism of an anti-violence gun, more particularly a shooting mechanism shoots spherical bullet body for deterrence through air pressure. The present invention mainly comprises a barrel with a bore connected rearward; a tension spring is disposed inside the bore and expands a shuttle tube which has a high pressured air bottle loaded at the rear aspect thereof. Before using the gun, the shuttle tube is fixed by an insert cotter; after a lift-press plate releases the insert cotter, the air bottle rapidly withdraws toward the rear end of the bore and is punctured by a push needle disposed at a rear end thereof such that the high pressured air inside the high pressured air bottle reversely pushes and presses the spherical body thereby achieving an objective of shooting safely for deterrence.

Abstract: A rotary cutting saw including (a) a base disk and (b) a plurality of abrasive segments fixed to an outer circumferential surface of the base disk and are spaced apart from each other in a circumferential direction of the base disk. The base disk has a plurality of slits which are formed in the outer circumferential surface of the base disk and are located between adjacent ones of the abrasive segments in the circumferential direction. Each slit extends inwardly in a radial direction of the base disk from the outer circumferential surface of the base disk. Each of the abrasive segments includes abrasive grains and wear-resistant grains each of which has a size substantially equal to a size of each of the abrasive grains. The wear-resistant grains are exposed on a side surface of each abrasive segment and are regularly arranged on the side surface.

Abstract: A constitution comprises separated processing of an abrasive grain waste liquid into recycled abrasive grain and a fine abrasive grain mixed liquid in a first centrifugal separator, adding a fresh cutting liquid to the fine abrasive grain mixed liquid to direct the resulting liquid to a second centrifugal separator to subject the same to separated processing in the second centrifugal separator, into waste abrasive grain and a recovered cutting liquid directing the recovered cutting liquid through a recovered cutting liquid tank to a recovered abrasive grain tank, adding fresh abrasive grain and a cutting liquid for dilution to the recovered cutting liquid in the recovered cutting liquid tank and to the recycled abrasive grain to create a recycled abrasive grain mixed cutting liquid, and feeding the recycled abrasive grain mixed cutting liquid to an abrasive grain supply tank.

Abstract: Fixed outer barbecue modular structure for cooking food, comprising three modulus, a first base modulus which defines a lower larder modulus defined by a base panel, to which two side panels are assembled, a closing back plate and two manhole doors; a second modulus which defines cooking means comprising an inserted base over the former modulus to which two sides are assembled, a bottom plate, a closing rear plate, a barbecue plate and a metallic grate; and finally a third an last modulus comprising an inserted base over the former modulus, wherein a fumes hood and a cowl diffuser are assembled.

Abstract: A convection, oven having a multi-speed fan for circulating hot air within the cooking chamber at a plurality of velocities, with the selection of the appropriate fan speed depending upon the food being cooked in the oven. The fan is disposed within a recess formed in a rear wall of the cooking chamber and is separated from the cooking chamber by a fan cover plate. The cover plate has an inlet opening proximate its center and three elliptical outlet openings equidistantly disposed around its. perimeter. The edge of each outlet opening is located proximate an edge of the recess in order to provide a smooth flow path for the air circulated by the fan. To minimize the influence of the circulating air on the operation of the gas heating element, and thereby minimizing the production of carbon monoxide, a first of the outlet openings is located at a position 45 degrees above horizontal.

Abstract: A flame-stoking attachment for a grill cooker for stoking the flames and charcoal of the grill cooker to quicken cooking of food. The flame-stoking attachment for a grill cooker includes a housing having a wall, an open top end, and an open bottom end; and also includes a support collar being mounted about the wall of the housing; and further includes a fan assembly being disposed in the housing; and also includes a jointed hose member having a first end which is attached to the open top end of the housing and having a second end; and further includes a nozzle being attached to the second end of the jointed hose member and being adapted to direct fan-driven air upon flames in the grill cooker; and also includes a clip assembly for attaching the housing to a wall of the grill cooker.

Abstract: A portable stove and heater adapted for outdoor or camp use. The stove is comprised of at least three concentric walls affixed to a floor with vents placed in each of the walls to permit multiple pathways for transiting air to be heated prior to entering a combustion chamber.

Abstract: Gas cooking appliance comprising a gas burner equipped with a gas injector 1 fixed to a support 3 and a gas supply tube 2; the support is a sheet metal plate 3 with a through-aperture 4; the injector 1 is fixed to the end of the tube 2; the injector 1 and/or the tube 2 extend through the aperture 4 with the injector 1 and tube 2 one on each side of the plate 3; and a radial annular flange (6) is provided on the tube 2 and situated under the plate 3, being clamped in a sealed fashion against the peripheral edge of the aperture 4 and/or bearing surface 12 of the injector 1 so as to seal between the tube 2 and the injector 1 and between the top and the underside of the plate 3 around the edge of the aperture 4, and to hold the injector 1 secured to the tube 2 centrally in the aperture 4 in a predetermined axial position above the plate 3.

Abstract: A method for combusting a wood log includes positioning the log within a combustion chamber with the log first end positioned above the log second end so that the log longitudinal axis is generally angled relative to and adjacent the chamber base wall and so that the log and the chamber base wall define a generally triangular air volume therebetween. The log is maintained in the angled configuration during at least part of the combustion process. A log supporting structure facilitates use of the method. The structure includes a supporting rod and a spacing base extending from the latter for resting on the base wall of a combustion chamber. The spacing base has a generally flaring configuration and allows gas to flow between the chamber base wall and the supporting rod in a first flow direction generally parallel to the supporting rod, and in a second flow direction generally perpendicular to and away from the rod from the log first end toward the log second end.

Abstract: An apparatus for delivery of a medicament to the respiratory system comprises a reservoir that is adapted to hold a liquid medicament that is to be delivered to a respiratory system. An aerosol generator is provided that is adapted to aerosolize the liquid medicament. A liquid supplier is used to deliver the liquid medicament from the reservoir to the aerosol generator. A connector is operably coupled to the aerosol generator and comprises a gas conduit having an inlet, and an outlet, and an aerosol supply conduit. The aerosol generator is configured to provide the aerosolized liquid medicament into the gas conduit through the aerosol supply conduit, and the gas conduit is adapted to pass gases to entrain the aerosolized liquid medicament.

Abstract: A pulmonary drug delivery device includes a hand piece that is electrically connected to a control unit. A cartridge is engagable with the hand piece and includes a drug reservoir, a pump connected to the drug reservoir, an electrically chargeable nozzle connected to the pump, a discharge electrode, and an information storage element. The control unit controls the pump and the electrical charge of the nozzle and discharge electrode in accordance with instructions stored within the information storage element.

Abstract: A pressurized metered dose inhaler having an actuator constructed and arranged so as to inhibit airflow due to patient inhalation in the vicinity of the orifice of the nozzle block when the valve stem is in its dispensing position. This design reduces unwanted oropharyngeal deposition of medicament and increases the relative amount of medicament to the lung.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an inhalation device for dispensing a medicament from a valved dispenser. The device includes a housing having a longitudinal slot, an associated nozzle body, a cylindrical advance tube that slidably receives therein the dispenser and that has an external helically extend thread member, an advance ring that associates with the dispenser and that slidable engages the advance tube, and a level indicator. A zigzag track in either the advance tube or the advance ring, and a mating stud in the other of the ring or tube causes the advance tube to rotate when the ring is moved reciprocally when the dispenser is actuated. The level indicator device linearly indicates a remaining amount of medicament.

Abstract: A respirator that comprises a head piece (1) that is shaped to form a breathing zone (13) around at least the nose and mouth of the wearer, and an air flow passage (15, 34) for supplying a forced flow of air to the breathing zone. The air flow passage has a constricted portion (46) that includes a flow detecting orifice (52). The forced flow of air generates suction at the flow-detecting orifice. A pressure-responsive indicator device (30) is in fluid communication with the flow-detecting orifice through a tube (54) and is operable to alert the wearer if the suction generated by the air flow through the passage falls below a predetermined value.

Abstract: A feeding valve having a hose coupling in the form of an expansion bellows which unfolds automatically into the wearer's field of vision when the sealing cap of the feeding valve is opened, thereby enables a wearer to easily insert the straw of a food or beverage bottle even when wearing protective gloves.

Abstract: A swivel exhaust conduit for rotatably connecting a patient mask to the delivery conduit of a positive pressure air supply. The swivel exhaust conduit design provides an exhaust port that utilizes the rotating bearing of the swivel conduit's rotating two-piece design for permitting and directing exhaust of CO2 laden air. A baffle chamber formed in the clearance of the two pieces provides an area where noise is reduced. As CO2 laden exhaust exits the swivel exhaust conduit, it is directed away from the patient mask and down the outside of the delivery conduit via a slit pattern on the swivel conduit.

Abstract: A pressure support system having enhanced noise reduction and a valve assembly for use in pressure support system. The pressure support system includes a pressure generator having an inlet and an outlet. A first conduit defining a tortuous path is coupled between a gas source and the inlet of the pressure generator. A second conduit coupled to the outlet of the pressure generator delivers the flow of gas from the pressure generator to a patient. A valve assembly communicates gas from the second conduit to the first conduit to control the pressure or a rate of the flow of gas in the second conduit. By communicating gas from the second conduit to the first conduit, the noise associated with exhausting gas from the second conduit is muffled by the tortuous path of the first conduit.

Abstract: A wear article including a body or shell formed from a structurally rigid material having a surface that is shaped to fit over a portion of a person's body. An interface flange is sized and shaped to mate with the body surface to form a releasible or removable attachment therebetween. An interface pad is permanently attached to the flange, wherein the flange is interposed between the body and interface pad. The pad includes a resilient film body that is filled with a gel material and a contact surface configured to conform to a portion of a person's body when placed thereagainst. Together, the interface flange and interface pad form an interface assembly that is releasibly attached to the body.

Abstract: The maskap is a safety mask that is worn like a cap, It has a thin rubber liner (or airtight material) that covers the inside of the cap. The rubber liner forms a seal when worn as a mask. There are two plastic eye covers that are sealed to the cap, that when worn as a mask will let the user see through them. On the brim of the cap but under the fabric is a filter box. The filter box has two air tubes molded to it. The air tubes run up the front of the cap. The open ends of the air tubes are sealed with the rubber liner. When the maskap is worn as a mask the user will breath through the filter box. There are elastic bands that are sewn to the cap at three or more points to hold the maskap on.

Abstract: A improved nasal mask is disclosed for delivering CPAP therapy to patients. The nasal mask has a sliding engagement to the headgear. The sliding engagement allows substantial relative lateral movement eg: when face is distorted from sleeping on side, while still providing adequate compressive force to avoid side leakage. The sliding engagement also allows easy release from the headgear.

Abstract: A flexible multiple port adaptor has an adaptor body which includes a distal portion defining a distal channel and a proximal portion defining a first proximal channel and a second proximal channel. As least one of the first and second proximal channels is normally disposed out of alignment with the distal channel. However, because the adaptor body is flexible, the adaptor body may be manipulated so that channel(s) which are out of alignment with the distal channel may be placed into alignment with the distal channel so that a medical instrument can be advanced through the channels without bending the medical instrument.

Abstract: A surgical drape is provided that is capable of forming a pocket. In particular, the surgical drape includes a fabric formed from a nonwoven layer. The nonwoven layer has a surface that includes a plurality of strands arranged on the surface with a plurality of bonds spaced about the surface. The nonwoven layer also includes a plurality of loops extending between the bonds. The surgical drape also includes at least one hook fastener that contains hooks engageable with the loops of the nonwoven layer. As a result, an edge of the fabric can be folded such that the hooks engage the loops of the fabric to form a pocket. The pocket can have one open end, two open ends, or two closed ends.

Abstract: The invention relates to a nonwoven surgical drape made of a non-cellulose containing base sheet having a source of additional weight uniformly distributed along side edges of the drape. The source of additional weight may have a mass per unit length between about three times and about eight times the basis weight of the base sheet.

Abstract: A mask is made of a single piece of flexible, elastically deformable fabric trimmed to be substantially symmetric. The mask includes two flaps connected to each other along a center folding line. A V-shaped cutoff is formed above and below the center folding line between the flaps. The single piece of fabric is bent along the folding line with the flaps overlapping each other. Side edges of the flaps that define each V-shaped cutoff are sealed together by means of sewing or adhesives whereby an interior space is formed between the flaps and defined by the center folding line and the sealed side edges of the V-shaped cutoffs for comfortably accommodating the nose and mouth of a wearer.

Abstract: The invention is a low cost means to use the patient's own antibodies against an infectious disease such as a HIV virus infection by surgically shunting the naturally-occurring saliva-borne antibodies into the patient's bloodstream. To do this, a small incision is made in the central portion of the cheek near an area where the parotid duct and a blood vessel are in close proximity. This area is located using a light source. Then the parotid saliva duct is cut and attached to a vein such that the saliva flows into and mixes with the blood. The portion of the duct leading to the mouth is sealed off, while the portion leading to the salivary gland is temporarily left open. The parotid blood vessel is then cut and a surgical tee is inserted. The parotid duct is attached onto the perpendicular outlet of the surgical tee and the outlet of the parotid duct thereby linking the blood vessel and the parotid salivary duct.

Abstract: An electrical smoking system comprising a cigarette and an electric lighter, wherein the cigarette comprises a wrapper surrounding a tubular tobacco mat partially filled with material tobacco so as to define a filled tobacco rod portion and an unfilled tobacco rod portion. The wrapper includes an ammonium containing compound filler therein effective to reduce gaseous components of the tobacco smoke produced during smoking of the cigarette. The system includes a lighter comprising at least one heating blade and a controller adapted to control heating of the heater blade, the lighter arranged to at least partially receive the cigarette such that the heater blade heats a heating zone of the cigarette.

Abstract: A humidor 30 for the retaining and preserving of tobacco products includes multiple independent storage compartments 29 arranged vertically with hygrometers 9 mounted externally for ease of monitoring internal humidity levels. Independent storage compartments swivel in a variety of directions allowing multiple opening configurations and accessibility. Rotational means is achieved via a fulcrum and cantilever mechanism 12. Compartments are sealed air tight utilizing a sealing gasket material 15 imbedded within the side wall of the compartment above and mating with the side wall 11 of the compartment below. The vertical array of independent storage compartments swivel around a common bottom support base 24. Each independent storage compartment utilizes an integrated venting structure comprised of a bottom vent panel 10, a venting side panel 7, a humidity generating means, and a hygrometer 9. The humidor is preferably made of wood.

Abstract: This invention provides methods, devices and agents for the removal of nucleophilic toxins present in tobacco and tobacco smoke. The filter element of a tobacco smoking device or an air filtration device used in conjunction with a tobacco smoking device may comprise chemical moieties reactive with nucleophilic compounds, or agents that trap nucleophilic compounds may be incorporated into the filter element of tobacco smoking device such as a cigarette, cigar, pipe, or in a separate filter through which tobacco smoke passes before entering the mouth. The agents may also be incorporated into air filters for removing tobacco combustion product toxins from room air. The agents may also be incorporated into smoking or smokeless tobacco to remove toxins.

Abstract: A tobacco smoke filter synergist composition is provided comprised of antioxidants and minerals: the former are effective as free radical scavenger and the latter are capable of reducing the other harmful substances from tobacco smoke. In particular, minerals include the magnetized ferrite, which has great adsorbing capacity. The composition can be disposed within a one or more chambers.

Abstract: A self-analysis hair density measuring device comprises a housing body with a calibrated gauge element movably affixed to one side of the housing body. There are at least two or preferably three movable pronged tines extending from within the proximal end of said housing body with a gear or pivot mechanism disposed within the housing body that operatively connects the tines with the gauge. There is also a flexible, handle extending from the distal end of the housing body that is numerically calibrated with a flexible, tapered distal tip. Using a minor, the tines may be used to measure the width of one's part which, over time, may indicate whether the part is widening or narrowing and thereby is directly indicative of the rate of hair loss and/or regrowth. The flexible handle is wrapped around the user's ponytail or mane and is directly indicative of hair density.

Abstract: Applying a rhinestone facial display, and display at other locations on the person and on clothing using a transfer rod which transports the rhinestone held by a static electricity charge to an adhesive previously deposited at the display site and which rod is then backed off, which results in the rhinestone remaining because the adhesive attachment is greater than the hold of the static electricity charge.

Abstract: An apparatus for wrapping hair with a cord is provided and according to one embodiment includes a housing; a main spindle operatively coupled to the housing and one or more cartridges with one cartridge being operatively coupled to the main spindle and the other cartridges being operatively coupled to one another. Each cartridge contains a cord that is dispensed and wrapped around hair as a result of the rotation of the main spindle.

Abstract: A device for producing waves and body in hair comprising curling tongs having heatable leg elements. The heatable leg elements have a wave shape with decreasing amplitude. The amplitude decreases from a maximum at the scalp-contacting end of the heatable leg elements to substantially no amplitude at the other end of the heatable leg elements. Heat-reducing lips may extend from the scalp-contacting end of the device. In one embodiment, the heatable leg elements are arcuate and can pivot about an axis extending along each leg, respectively. A method of using the device to form waves and body in hair wherein the amplitude of the wave is greatest near the scalp and decreases along the length of the hair in the direction toward its tip.

Abstract: The methods and apparatus of the present invention include an tubing disposed within an conduit to assure flow through the outer pipe. The tubing string is nearly neutrally buoyant or substantially buoyant and has a cleaning and monitoring tool attached to its end. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an apparatus for removing material from an conduit includes an tubing extending through the conduit and having a flowbore adapted to flow fluids within the tubing and a monitoring and cleaning tool attached to and receiving the fluids from the tubing. The tool preferably includes a plurality of nozzles, a sonic measuring device, and an expandable element.