Abstract: A device for transforming a rotational movement into a reciprocating to-and-fro movement has a cam element on a driven carrier shaft. The cam element has an eccentric control area, or lobe. A cam follower can be displaced or pivoted by the cam element. The cam element is rotationally mounted in a flexible encompassing element which is movably connected to the cam follower perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the cam element. The flexible encompassing element surrounds the eccentric control surface of the cam element and a non-driven bearing surface for the cam follower.

Abstract: A valve timing adjusting system 1 includes a first valve timing adjusting device 6 changing a relative rotational of an intake camshaft S3 relative to a crank shaft S1, and also a second valve timing adjusting device 7 having a first rotor 71 transmitting the rotatory driving force derived from the crank shaft S1 to the device 6 via a chain 9a, and a second rotor 72 secured on an exhaust camshaft S4 rotating synchronously with the crank shaft S1.

Abstract: There is provided a valve system for an internal combustion engine, in which a rocker shaft required to have a higher stiffness has a larger diameter. A rocker shaft on an intake side is formed to have a larger diameter than that of a rocker shaft on an exhaust side, and therefore, it is possible to ensure such stiffness as to compensate for an excess in weight and to improve valve operating characteristics of a valve system.

Abstract: Disclosed is a shim or a valve lifter for an automotive engine valve driving system that slides against a cam lobe of a camshaft to drive an intake/exhaust valve of an internal combustion engine. The shim or lifter has the top of a sliding surface thereof opposing the cam lobe and being coated with a hard carbon film. The hard carbon film has a surface hardness of 1500 to 4500 kg/mm2 in terms of Knoop hardness, a thickness of 0.3 to 2.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for fabricating a roller follower assembly, comprising the steps of fabricating a lash adjuster body, fabricating a roller follower body, fabricating a leakdown plunger, fabricating a socket, wherein at least one of the lash adjuster body, roller follower body, leakdown plunger, and socket is fabricated at least in part by forging.

Abstract: In a lash adjuster of a valve gear which employs a serration-shaped thread mechanism, the formation of tribochemical reactive film is suppressed by using as the materials for its adjuster screw and nut member or the materials for their thread surfaces such materials that even if FM oil is used, the friction coefficient will not extremely fall. The nut member is provided on the underside of an end plate of a lifter body. The adjuster screw is threadedly engaged in a threaded hole of the nut member. The adjuster screw is biased by a return spring. The female threads of the threaded hole and the male threads of the adjuster screw are serration shaped. One or both of the nut member and the adjuster screw, or the pressured thread surfaces of one or both of them are formed of a material that will not react with oil additives of FM oil to suppress the formation of tribochemical reactive film, thereby stabilizing the operation of the lash adjuster.

Abstract: A method and a device for rapidly warming up a liquid-cooled internal combustion engine, in particular of a motor vehicle engine, by warming up the cooling liquid. The cooling liquid is warmed in a simple manner without additional provision of heating elements in that the cooling liquid is warmed using a generator (1) that is operated during a heating phase at an operating point (AP′) having high power loss and at the operating temperature of the engine at an operating point (AP) having low power loss.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an intake manifold or distributor for an air feed circuit for an internal-combustion engine comprising, on the one hand, an intake or plenum chamber of elongate shape and provided at one of its longitudinal ends with an intake aperture and, on the other hand, at least two pipes laterally connected to said chamber, said pipes extending at least partially around said intake chamber from their inlet apertures opening therein and having a curved structure over at least a portion of their length.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a balancer housing, a balancer shaft having an eccentric weight portion and disposed within the balancer housing so as to be parallel with and rotatable in timed relation with a crankshaft, and a power transmitting mechanism that transmits rotation of the crankshaft to the balancer shaft, wherein the balancer shaft has an end portion protruding outward of the balancer housing, and wherein the end portion of the one balancer shaft is partially cut to have a flattened section that constitutes a device for positioning the balancer shaft in a predetermined rotational position. A method of assembling an internal combustion engine with a balancer shaft is also provided.

Abstract: A foamed resin oil pan comprising a body portion and a flange portion for mounting the body portion on the cylinder block is disclosed. The bubble fraction of the resin constituting the body portion is higher than that of the resin constituting the flange portion. As a result, the strength and rigidity of the flange portion (3) are maintained at high level while at the same time increasing the sound insulating properties and the heat insulating properties.

Abstract: A light metal cylinder crankcase for combustion engines has cylinder bushings with a running layer that forms the running surface and a rough, external bonding layer for bonding the cylinder bushings to the cylinder crankcase while pouring the cylinder crankcase. At least 60% of the bonding layer relative to the jacket surface of the bonding layer is connected with the casting material of the cylinder crankcase in a material tight manner.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine connecting rod, having an embodiment defining a hollow beam member and a process of manufacture are disclosed. The improvement substantially reduces beam tensile and compressive stress levels through application of elliptical and oval beam sections, conserving reciprocating and rotating connecting rod weight required in high performance applications.

Abstract: A piston for an internal combustion engine is disclosed. A bowl-shaped recess is constructed in the combustion face of the piston. The recess has a w-shaped cross-section. The w-shaped cross-section is unsymmetrical and has at least one side that is mostly vertical. The recess is positioned off-center in the face of the piston so that fuel that is injected into the cylinder is redirected by the recess toward a center space of the cylinder thereby improving combustion of fuel in the cylinder and preventing fuel from accumulating about a periphery of the combustion chamber.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of controlling the injection of a fluid into an internal combustion engine (1), comprising a piston (3) reciprocating in a cylinder (2) between top and bottom dead center points, and a nozzle (4) arranged in the cylinder (2). The method comprises the steps of injecting a fluid with an initial injection pressure (NOP1) into the cylinder (2), said fluid being ignited, so that the pressure in the cylinder (2) increases, thereby causing the piston (3) to be displaced towards the bottom dead center point in the cylinder (2), and that a least one injection pause (U1) is effected during the injection of the fluid.

Abstract: A compression ignition internal combustion engine comprises a combustion chamber 16 to which air and fuel are supplied, an intake valve 19a for opening and closing a passage between the combustion chamber and an intake port 6 communicating with the combustion chamber, and an exhaust valve 19b for opening and closing a passage between the combustion chamber and an exhaust port 14 communicating with the combustion chamber. The temperature and pressure in the combustion chamber are increased to self-ignite an air-fuel mixture with the compressive operation of a piston after closing of the intake valve 19a. A fuel injection valve 11 injects pressurized air, serving as an ignition trigger factor, directly into the combustion chamber so that the air-fuel mixture under the expansion stroke of the piston is brought into an ignitable state. An ECU 1 controls the injection timing of the pressurized air depending on the ignition timing.

Abstract: A combustion control device for an engine, comprises a fuel injection valve for injecting a fuel into a combustion chamber, ignition timing adjustment unit for adjusting an ignition timing of a mixture inside the combustion chamber, and control unit for controlling the fuel injection valve and the ignition timing adjustment unit. The control unit controls the fuel injection valve so as to execute at least a first injection which is conducted within the interval from an intake stroke to a compression stroke and a second injection conducted in the vicinity of a compression top dead center after the execution of the first injection, and controls the ignition timing adjustment unit so that the mixture formed by a fuel injected by the first injection and second injection and an intake air or the like is ignited after completion of the injection of the second injection.

Abstract: In response to start of cranking in an internal combustion engine by a starter, a fuel injection control starts. When an initial combustion of the fuel injected into the internal combustion engine is detected based on a rotational speed of a crankshaft, it is determined that the internal combustion engine in a warm-up period, and a control for reducing a fuel injection period is executed. When it is detected that the rotational speed of the crankshaft exceeds a predetermined rotational speed, it is determined that the internal combustion engine is in a start-up promotion period, and a control for extending the fuel injection period is executed.

Abstract: A fuel injection device is provided with a fuel injection valve for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber and an air injection valve for the injection of air into the combustion chamber. One fuel injection orifice which opens into the combustion chamber is provided correspondingly to the fuel injection valve and plural air injection orifices which open into the combustion chamber are provided correspondingly to the air injection valve. A design is made so that fuel and air injected from the fuel injection orifice and the air injection orifices come into collision with each other at a collision point. The shape, size and direction of the fuel injection orifice are specified. Likewise, the number, shape, size and direction of the air injection orifice, as well as its arrangement relative to the fuel injection orifice, are specified. A design is made so that the size of a fuel spray and that of air jets at the collision point become equal to each other.

Abstract: A method for operating an internal combustion engine (1), especially of a motor vehicle, is described. Air and fuel are supplied to a combustion chamber (4) of the internal combustion engine (1) and exhaust gas is recirculated to the combustion chamber (4). The exhaust gas is recirculated to the combustion chamber (4) during overrun operation of the internal combustion engine (1).

Abstract: An air intake system includes an intake pipe and a throttle body. The throttle body is inserted in a middle section of the intake pipe between upstream and down stream ends so as to define an intake passage. The throttle body movably receives a throttle valve which opens and closes the intake passage. Flow blocking members are integrally formed with the intake pipe for blocking specific fluid, such as condensate of intake gas, from flowing into the throttle valve in the intake passage. Therefore, it can prevent the specific fluid from sticking to the throttle valve. Besides, because the throttle body need not to be integrally formed with the flow blocking members, a dimensional accuracy of the throttle body can be secured.

Abstract: A method is provided for controlling an engine having an intake manifold and an outlet control device coupled to the manifold for controlling flow exiting the manifold and entering at least one cylinder of the engine. The engine further includes an inlet control device for controlling flow entering the manifold. The method includes providing an engine command; calculating a desired cylinder charge based on said command; and adjusting the outlet control device to provide said desired cylinder charge. The engine command may be, for example, a driver command, such as a driver torque command. Further, the outlet control device may be implement in with a variety of mechanisms. For example, in one embodiment the outlet control device is a valve of the engine having a variable lift. In one embodiment the outlet device is a valve having variable timing. Likewise, the inlet device may be adjusted in response to a variety of parameters.

Abstract: An object of this invention is to provide a throttle body and an intake system for an internal combustion engine that can be assembled more easily.

Abstract: The invention provides a throttle valve control apparatus provided with a throttle sensor which is in trouble at a low possibility and has a long service life, whereby an accurate output of a throttle opening degree can be obtained. The throttle valve control apparatus of an internal combustion engine has a throttle opening degree sensor constituted by an non-contact sensor using hole elements.

Abstract: There is provided a control system for an internal combustion engine, which is capable of meeting a driver's demand of torque, and achieving high combustion efficiency and high emission-reducing performance by a three-way catalyst in lean-burn operation in a compatible manner. The control system sets a control amount indicative of either an oxygen mass supplied to a combustion chamber or a fuel injection amount such that oxygen concentration in exhaust gases becomes equal to a value corresponding to stoichiometric combustion. A target value corresponding to a demanded torque is set based on detected engine operating conditions. A degree of opening of a main throttle valve and a degree of opening of a sub-throttle valve in a passage by passing an intake passage equipped with a nitrogen-enriching device are controlled such that the control amount becomes equal to the set target value.

Abstract: A combustion control system of an internal combustion engine is comprised of a specific gravity detecting section which detects a specific gravity of fuel used in the engine, and a combustion control section which controls combustion in the engine on the basis of the specific gravity.

Abstract: A capacitor discharge ignition device for an internal combustion engine including an ignition capacitor that is charged with a positive half cycle of an output voltage of an exciter coil, a thyristor that is triggered by a negative half cycle of an output voltage of the exciter coil when the internal combustion engine is ignited to discharge charges stored in the ignition capacitor through a primary coil of an ignition coil, and a reverse bias circuit that applies a reverse bias voltage between a gate and a cathode of the thyristor when a current flowing from the exciter coil through the thyristor is detected and when a charging current of the ignition capacitor is detected.

Abstract: A Common Rail injection system of an endothermic engine, the injection system including at least one fuel pressure accumulating tank, of the rail type, having an input in fluid communication with a high-pressure pump and a plurality of outputs for feeding corresponding injectors by using pressure regulating means connected and depending on an electronic control unit. Advantageously a virtual pressure sensor includes a fluid-dynamic model of the accumulating tank suitable to estimate and to obtain fluid pressure values used by the electronic control unit for driving the injection means of the Common Rail injection system.

Abstract: In a fuel supply system for an internal combustion engine, there is provided a technology capable of keeping the pressure of fuel constant. Fuel pumps are provided in which the pressure of fuel to be discharged therefrom can be adjusted due to an increase and a decrease in the amount of the fuel discharged, and the discharge of fuel therefrom can be stopped. Fuel injection valves serve as a fuel pressure reducing device that reduces the fuel pressure raised by the fuel pumps. A fuel pressure adjusting section changes the number of operations of the fuel pumps and the amounts of fuel discharged from the fuel pumps in such a manner that an average value of the fuel pressure from after the fuel pressure has once been raised until the fuel pressure is again raised becomes substantially constant before and after the number of operations of said fuel pumps is changed.

Abstract: The plenum of an engine air manifold, coupled to engine cylinders, is provided with a fuel injector. A solenoid prevents supply of fuel to the plenum fuel injector during normal operation of the engine. Upon failure of the primary fuel system, solenoid opens to provide a fuel/air mixture via the manifold, to the engine cylinders, converting the manifold from a dry manifold to a fuel/air mixture manifold. The fuel bus of the primary fuel system preferably receives fuel from, and returns fuel to, a header tank, rather than directly from and to one or more fuel tanks.

Abstract: A fuel vapor leak detecting apparatus, includes: a valve which is in a vapor purge system including a canister that is communicated with a fuel tank and an internal combustion engine, and which controllably closes the vapor purge system; a pressurizing section which introduces atmospheric air into the vapor purge system to pressurize the vapor purge system; and an internal-pressure measuring section which detects an internal pressure of the vapor purge system. The pressurizing section supplies the air for a predetermined time in a state where the vapor purge system is closed. When the internal pressure measured by the internal-pressure measuring section at the air supply is equal to or lower than a preset criterion pressure, it is judged that leak occurs.

Abstract: An exhaust gas reflux apparatus for an internal combustion engine includes one-way connection means provided between an intake rocker arm and an exhaust rocker arm. The one-way connection means moves between a non-operating position where the intake and exhaust rocker arms are released and an operating position where the intake and exhaust rocker arms are connected to open the exhaust valve only when the intake rocker arm rocks in a valve opening direction of the intake valve. An actuator for switching the one-way connection means between the non-operating position and the operating position is connected to the one-way connection means. Thus, an exhaust gas is sucked into a combustion chamber from an exhaust port using a general exhaust valve in an intake stroke, when exhaust gas reflux is required.

Abstract: To improve productivity of a connection member between first and second carburetors, and to reduce maintenance work area for a main drive throttle valve lever, a driven throttle valve lever and a connection lever, a main drive throttle valve lever is arranged to protrude in one side of a first carburetor, a driven throttle valve lever is arranged to protrude in one side of a second carburetor, the main drive throttle valve lever and the driven throttle valve lever are connected in one side by a connection lever. A cup member provided with a bottom portion and a peripheral wall portion and formed in a cup shape is arranged fixedly in one side of the first and second carburetors, the first and second carburetors are connected by the cup member, an opening portion of the cup member is closed by a cover member, and the main drive throttle valve lever, the driven throttle valve lever and the connection lever are arranged so as to be received inside the cup member closed by the cover member.

Abstract: An air gun includes an air pump with a pumping piston mounted to reciprocate within a pump cylinder, which is mounted on the barrel of the gun to pivot about an axis transverse to the longitudinal axis of the barrel so that as the pump cylinder is moved back and forth around the pivot, the cylinder and piston reciprocate relative to each other to pump air into a high pressure housing carried by the pump cylinder. A discharge conduit is also provided for releasably connecting the high pressure housing to the breach end of a gun barrel when the pump is moved toward the barrel. A firing valve in the discharge conduit releases air from the high pressure housing into the breach end of the barrel. Preferably, a floating differential piston disposed to reciprocate in a high pressure housing divides the housing into a storage chamber and a high pressure chamber.

Abstract: A paintball marker is provided including a body, a bolt and an actuator. The body defines a chamber having a paintball inlet. The bolt is slideable within the chamber between an open position wherein the bolt permits the entry of a paintball through the paintball inlet into the chamber, and a closed position wherein the bolt prevents the entry of a paintball through the paintball inlet into the chamber. The actuator is operatively connected to the bolt. The actuator is adapted to apply an opening force to move the bolt towards the open position and a closing force to move the bolt towards the closed position. The closing force is different from the opening force.

Abstract: A device for reducing vibration and shock in an archery bow includes a base and an integral body formed of a flexible material. The body includes a non-uniform cross-section as the body extends away from the base and terminates in a peripheral mass positioned on a distal portion of the body opposite the base. As a result of such an arrangement, including the alternative of positioning two devices in axial alignment on an archery bow limb, vibration and shock following discharge of an arrow are greatly reduced in the archery bow.

Abstract: Base seat of pneumatic grinder, including an air way and a water way disposed in the base seat to respectively communicate with an air chamber and a water chamber formed in the base seat. Several water outlets and a predetermined number of air rooms are disposed on bottom face of the base seat. The water outlets communicate with the water chamber, while the air rooms communicate with the air chamber. Multiple ball bodies are respectively rollably disposed in the air rooms, the bottom edge of the ball bodies protrude from the bottom face of the base seat. When high pressure air and water are conducted into the air way and water way, the air is conducted by the air way to flow into the air chamber and to blow to the ball bodies in the air rooms making the ball bodies rolling easily. The water flows through the water way into the water chamber and then flows through the water outlets out of the bottom face of the base seat to reduce frictional force against the bottom face of the base seat.

Abstract: A quick start barbecue comprises a kettle, column and base. A moveable charcoal grate, when lowered into the column, folds into a basket shape thereby holding the charcoal in a compact configuration ideal for starting. Once the charcoal has ignited the grate is lifted into the kettle and in the process unfolds into a flat shape with the charcoal evenly distributed in a configuration ideal for cooking. The charcoal may be started using crumpled newspaper placed below the charcoal grate in its lower “basket” position or by use of a self igniting propane torch removably affixed to the column. A long chimney may be placed in the kettle to aid starting and stored around the column. A removable ash drawer in the base makes cleanup easy. Removal of the ash drawer causes a gate to close so that excess ash is confined to the column while the drawer is out.

Abstract: A grill unit having a plurality of grill pipes, each grill pipe having two ends; water tanks connected to both ends of the grill pipes to supply water to the grill pipes; and soundproofing covers positioned around both ends of the grill pipes that are inserted into the water tanks. The grill unit allows water contained in grill pipes to continuously flow in any one direction, and prevents the generation of noise caused by water vapor discharged from the grill pipes to the water tanks.

Abstract: A grill unit and a cooking apparatus having the grill unit, the grill unit including a plurality of grill pipes; water tanks connected to ends of the grill pipes to supply water into the grill pipes; covers to selectively open and close upper portions of the water tanks; and guide members respectively extending from inner surfaces of the covers toward insides of the water tanks to guide condensed water formed on the inner surfaces of the covers into the water tanks. The grill unit prevents water condensed on inner surfaces of the covers of the water tanks of the grill unit from flowing out of the water tanks.

Abstract: A barbecue grill apparatus for sustaining charcoal burning in an outdoor smoker/cooker has a divider wall with a plurality of bends that form a circuitous pathway between opposing surface sections of the wall. The wall is received into a heat chamber of the smoker/cooker resting on its bottom edge, and the pathway is lined with cooking fuel. The fuel is burned along the pathway which causes the fuel to burn slowly and at a reduced heat.

Abstract: A grill unit and a cooking apparatus with the grill unit, which allows heat to be easily transferred to food from a heating unit, and prevents generation of noise due to overheating of the grill pipes. The grill unit includes a plurality of grill pipes; and water tanks respectively connected to ends of the grill pipes to supply water into the grill pipes, wherein a height of a cross-section of each of the grill pipes is greater than a width thereof.

Abstract: A side shelf for a cooking grill includes a base coupled to the grill and a cover that pivots with respect to the base to substantially cover the base in a first position and to substantially uncover the base in a second position. In a first embodiment, the cover is coupled to the base using a plurality of pivot arms that maintain the cover in a substantially horizontal position while the cover is moved from the first position to the second position. In the first embodiment, the cover includes a substantially flat top portion that is up in both the first and second positions, which allows the cover to be used as a shelf both in the first and second positions. In a second embodiment, the cover is coupled to the base using at least one hinge member that allows the cover to pivot in a clamshell fashion with respect to the base. In the second embodiment, the cover includes a substantially flat top portion that is up in the first position, and a substantially flat bottom portion that is up in the second position.

Abstract: A cooking apparatus capable of effectively utilizing thermal energy of a heating unit to heat food includes a cabinet opened at a top surface thereof to provide an opening over which food to be cooked is laid. A grill unit is seated in the opening of the cabinet so as to support the food over the opening. A heating unit is provided in the cabinet so that a front surface thereof faces the grill unit to radiate thermal energy to the grill unit. A plurality of reflecting members are provided at predetermined positions around a rear surface of the heating unit, and are installed to be spaced apart from each other by a predetermined gap to provide an air layer between the reflecting members.

Abstract: A flue system, which may include a side flue extending horizontally out through a side of a building, the flue guard including a body with an interior surface, an exterior surface, a first end, a second end, and a channel defined therethrough from the first end to the second end, the flue guard further including fins joined to the first end and at least one stop joined to the second end, the stop being of sufficient dimension to engage the end of the side flue and method of maintaining a side flue free of debris, may include the steps of inserting a flue guard through a side flue and into a building sufficiently far to position fins joined on a first end of the flue guard at a location sufficiently far in the flue to avoid collecting frozen condensation on the fins in all natural climates.

Abstract: A top section for an oven formed with an outer support shell, an intermediate insulating layer and an inner refractory lining wherein the three layers are connected by a plurality of spaced members. The spaced members are preferably formed as stainless steel pegs welded to an inner surface of the outer support shell extending across the intermediate insulating layer and fixed to the inner refractory lining as a result of the cast refractory lining setting around the pegs. The pegs may be covered at least in part by a plastic tip or coating to provide a relative expansion capacity between the pegs and the refractory lining. The outer section is preferably formed from steel, may be any suitable shape and includes one or more apertures to form doorways, flues and access ports for accessory items such as char-grilles, lights, fire retardant systems and windows. The invention extends to an oven including a top section as disclosed.

Abstract: A smoke guide structure used in a kitchen hood having a housing, an air buffer with an air inlet and an air outlet provided inside the housing, and a fan and fan motor assembly provided inside the air buffer and adapted to draw off smoke produced during cooking is disclosed to include an outer shell mounted inside the housing, an inner shell mounted inside the outer shell, an air path defined between the outer shell and the inner shell and connected to the air inlet of the air buffer, and a grease trap fastened to an orifice of the air path and adapted to accumulate waste grease produced in the air path.

Abstract: A cooking apparatus, which is provided with a cover having an air ventilation structure that ventilates air into and out of a cooking space to maintain a desirable temperature of the cooking space. Accordingly, the cooking apparatus has at least one heating unit, a grill unit, such that food laid thereon is cooked by heat from the heating unit, and the cover, covering the food, defining a cooking space thereunder, and having the air ventilation structure to ventilate air into and out of the cooking space during cooking. Food and oil are prevented from being burned, so that carcinogenic substances and smoke are not generated, and convenience of use is increased.

Abstract: A steam generator device has a first (20) and a second chamber (21), and walls (15) mutually isolating the two chambers. Reagents which react together to generate steam when in mutual contact are mutually separated by a barrier (16), and disposed in the first chamber. An opening member (70) forms a first opening between the chambers and a second opening through the barrier. Hence the reagents come into contact via said second opening, the reagents react thereby generating steam, and the steam flows through the first opening into the second chamber.

Abstract: An air type solar system of the present invention has a heat-collecting unit for heating air by solar heat, and a blower fan for blowing the air as a heat medium from the heat-collecting unit. The blower fan is of a large scale, which is capable of: blowing the air at a rate of about 100 to 2000 m3/hour; and rotating by a direct-current generated from solar cells under normal conditions. In addition, the amount of airflow is confined by an automatic electrical control in winter to adjust the temperature of heat-collected air to an appropriate temperature for heating and humidification. Therefore, the air type solar system of the present invention can be appropriately operated in quest of an effective use of the solar cells while there is no need to use any storage cell.

Abstract: A low pressure hyperbaric chambers and methods of using same are disclosed. The present invention provides means for designing, building, and using low pressure chambers suitable for use in managing pain associated with medical conditions.