Abstract: A circular shaped charge and methods of manufacture, shipping and assembly. An circular shaped charge is manufactured as two separate charge halves, upper and lower, and a separate continuous liner or pair of continuous half liners. Preferably, each charge half is formed of a number of segments, each comprising a reduced weight of explosive which can be shipped under preferred regulations. The explosive contains sufficient binder to prevent damage to the charge segments during shipping and assembly at a job site. The separately shipped components are assembled at the job site to form a complete circular shaped charge useful, for example, in a tubing cutter.

Abstract: Fluoroalkylsilane-coated metal particles having a central metal core, a buffer layer surrounding the core, and a fluoroalkylsilane layer attached to the buffer layer are prepared by combining a chemically reactive fluoroalkylsilane compound with an oxide coated metal particle having a hydroxylated surface. The resulting fluoroalkylsilane layer that coats the particles provides them with excellent resistance to aging. The particles can be blended with oxidant particles to form energetic powder that releases chemical energy when the buffer layer is physically disrupted so that the reductant metal core can react with the oxidant.

Abstract: The invention concerns an igniter plug for a pyrotechnic device, in particular a hand-launch or mechanical launch grenade, comprising a body (104) provided with a control mechanism including a fly-off lever (101) and a percussion mechanism (128) co-operating with a primary pyrotechnic module (105) for initiating the charge (119) of the associated device. The invention is characterised in that it further comprises a lock (150) engaged with the lever (101), in storage position, to prevent the fly-off lever (101) from moving towards its release position, the lock (150) being configured to impose, when the igniter plug is activated, an initial movement of the lever (101) countering its displacement required for releasing the percussion mechanism (128), so as to disengage the lock (150) and the fly-off lever (101).

Abstract: A bullet has a core with a leading end defining a cavity. A jacket surrounds the core and exposes the cavity. A nose element is at least partly received within the cavity. The nose element may be a plastic ball with an exposed nose surface that smoothly transitions to an adjacent portion of the jacket. The cavity may be a conically tapered cavity, and the nose element may enclose a chamber portion of the cavity. The core is formed of a ductile material, and may be a soft lead material of high purity.

Abstract: In a machine for removing an old track and laying a new track, which comprises a device for receiving old ties, a first conveyor device arranged adjacent thereto for conveying the old ties away from the device for receiving the old ties, and a second conveyor device for conveying new ties to a device for laying new ties, a transfer device having a power-driven, vertically adjustable transfer element for selectively transferring old ties from the first to the second conveyor device is arranged.

Abstract: A railroad car energy absorption apparatus is disclosed. The railroad car energy absorption apparatus includes a spring assembly having an elastomer spring element arranged in operable combination with structure for inhibiting localized heat deterioration of the elastomer spring element.

Abstract: An aerial balloon railway and system of using the same including balloon-carriage assembly having at least one balloon structure and at least one carriage structure for accommodating passengers and/or cargo which operates through a single or network railway system, whereby the balloon-carriage assembly travels above and along a triangulated track system by at least one drive cable assembly.

Abstract: The invention relates to the entertainment industry. The inventive big dipper comprises a base (1), a closed guidway provided with a spiral part (3) for lifting, a part (4) arranged in the station (5) area, a dead loop part (6) and a transport means. Said transport means turns about the longitudinal axis of the spiral part (3) for lifting until a roll-over is performed prior to landing. Said invention provides passengers with a variety of entertaining effects.

Abstract: A self-lubricating center plate assembly liner for placement between a car body center plate and a truck bolster bowl of a center plate assembly in a railroad car, wherein the liner is configured to substantially mate with the center plates and includes a body having a glass-filled urethane load-bearing portion and a plurality of carbon filled urethane compressible conductive resilient members which extend through, above and below the load-bearing portion to provide electrical continuity between the plate and bowl in the center plate assembly.

Abstract: A meal tray assembly including a meal tray for being mounted for movement between a stowage position flush against a seat back and a lowered, horizontal use position. A latch access port extends through the meal tray from the top side to the bottom side thereof. A latch is carried on the seat back for cooperation with the latch access port in the meal tray. The latch is mounted for movement between a release position wherein the latch is extendable through the latch access port for permitting movement of the meal tray to and from the stowage position and the use position, and a locking position wherein the latch locks the meal tray in the stowage position against the surface.

Abstract: A tabletop suspension system is constructed to include a plurality of upright support members for fastening to the top of a table, a connecting rod member horizontally supported on the upright supports, the connecting rod having two coupling units symmetrically formed in top and front sidewalls thereof, and a set of device holders for fastening to the connecting rod member to hold different implements, each device holder having a coupling unit for selectively fastened to one coupling unit of the connecting rod member.

Abstract: An electrical raceway assembly for use with a table-top structure. The raceway assembly includes an elongated raceway and a locking element. The locking element includes a first end detachably engaged to the raceway, and an opposite second end having a locking lever movable between a locked position for quickly engaging the raceway to the structure and a released position for quickly releasing the raceway from the structure. The elongated raceway has a length, a transverse base and a pair of opposite upstanding sidewalls extending along the length to define at least one open channel configured for retaining electrical wires. The raceway is engageable to the table-top structure in either a first position, wherein the raceway extends above the upper surface, or a second position, wherein the raceway extends beneath the lower surface. The raceway is further engageable in either a forward facing orientation or a reversed orientation.

Abstract: A work table includes a box defining a receiving chamber, several partitions disposed in the receiving chamber to form several distributor-receiving chambers, and a side chamber extending frontwardly from a front wall of the box and in fluid communication with the distributor-receiving chambers via outlet holes in the front wall. A distributor member is disposed in each of the distributor-receiving chambers, has an apex and inclined left and right guide plates that cooperate with the bottom plate to form a lower chamber which is in fluid communication with the side chamber via a respective outlet hole, and that cooperate with an adjacent pair of the partitions to form an upper chamber above the lower chamber. Each of the guide plates is formed with a plurality of entrance holes in fluid communication with the upper and lower chambers.

Abstract: A storage shelf with shelf planes is divided into shelf compartments extending in direction of depth of the storage shelf. Articles are stored within the shelf planes adjacent and behind one another in the depth direction. The shelf compartments have a frontmost position, at least one middle depth position arranged behind the frontmost position, and a rearmost depth position. An operating device can access the frontmost position and the at least one middle depth position arranged behind the frontmost position for placing or remove the articles but the rearmost position is not accessible by the operating device. The shelf compartments comprise a stationary support and a moveable carriage for the articles. The carriage is movable between a forward position and a rearward position by a stroke length matching a length of the depth positions. The carriage in the rearward position stores the articles in the rearmost depth position.

Abstract: A foldable table includes four legs, two first slide carriages, two second slide carriages, two first linkages, two second linkages, two supports and two tabletops. Four fixation holders, the first and the second slide carriages are inserted to the legs while the first and the second linkages are respectively pivoted to where between the fixation holders and the first, and the second slide carriages. The two supports are pivoted to the front and the rear of the legs; and the tabletops are pivoted to the second slide carriages to achieve easy and fast folding of the table when its use is not required.

Abstract: A method according to the present invention for reducing the creation of dioxins during the burning of a biomass containing a contaminant, wherein the contaminant is solvated or neutralized in the presence of a corresponding solvent, includes the steps of prior to the burning or reacting (herein collectively referred to as burning) of the biomass, conveying the biomass and the solvent into a biomass washing means, washing the biomass in the solvent in the washing means, and once at least a portion of the contaminant has been washed from the biomass, conveying the biomass from the washing means and into a biomass burner, and conveying the solvent from the washing means.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the fertilization of cultivated plants by optimizing the quantity and quality of the yield with the help of a bio-indicator, in which method, before the establishing of the plant stand, the following steps are taken: the cultivated area is divided into sub-areas; in each sub-area the potential yield is determined on the basis of a bio-indicator; the optimal bio-indicator level aimed at for the potential crop is selected; the nitrogen fertilization required for achieving the desired optimal level of the bio-indicator in the potential crop is determined; and thereafter, in connection with the planting, a nitrogen fertilizer is spread, and nitrogen fertilizer is optionally spread once or several times, after the planting, according to the said fertilization requirement, the realization of the potential yield being monitored during the growing season in each sub-area by a plant stand measurement, and on the basis of these measurements additional nitrogen fertilizer is spre

Abstract: An article and an apparatus and method for making the article. The article including a first piece of material having a margin extending inwardly from an edge of the material. The margin has an inner edge spaced from the material edge. A second piece of material having a margin extending inwardly from an edge of the second material is joined to the first piece of material along inner edges of the margins. A third piece of material is fixed over the margins, and has a first edge fixed to the first piece of material and a second edge fixed to the second piece of material.

Abstract: A quilting apparatus and method for guiding a sewing machine relative to at least one layer of fabric is disclosed. The apparatus may include an adjustable quilting frame and a carriage assembly that supports the sewing machine. The quilting frame is mounted relative to a working surface and retains one or more fabric layers in a substantially planar orientation. The carriage assembly includes lower and upper carriage components that cooperate to transport the sewing machine in lateral and longitudinal directions with respect to the quilting frame. The quilting frame includes support members acting as spools to retain the fabric layers and having locking mechanisms for maintaining tension in the fabric layers. The support members have an adjustable length to accommodate various fabric sizes and to accommodate the arbitrary dimensions of the working surface. The height of the quilting frame may also be adjusted by a height adjustment assembly.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an invisible trademark zipper comprises (1) transferring a continued yard strip printed thereon with complementary halves of a pattern facing down into a weaving machine; (2) synchronizing two zipper teeth by passing the two zipper teeth through a teeth driving device, thereafter transferring the two zipper teeth together with the continued yard strip into the weaving machine; (3) sewing the two zipper teeth on predetermined positions at two sides of a longitudinal central line of the continued yard strip near the complementary halves by using two sets of needles; (4) using a cutting device to cut the continued yard strip into two symmetric pieces along the longitudinal central line of the continued yard strip; and (5) folding the two foldable fringes of the two zipper strips. The zipper teeth are engaged with each other to completely present the pattern on the two zipper strips.

Abstract: An improved landing craft includes a hull that supports bow and stern ramps for enabling vehicles to drive through during loading and unloading. The drive-through arrangement also enables the crew to load and unload the craft much faster and more easily than existing vessels. A ballasting arrangement can be used to trim the hull when it is to be beached or to be extracted and/or during loading/unloading.

Abstract: A stowable and extendable step to facilitate entry by a person into a vessel from the water is disclosed. One embodiment comprises a support that may act as a handle and a step, a strap, the lower end of which is attached to the support, and a keeper comprising a substantially planar, foldable piece of material. The upper end of the strap is attached to the vessel, either directly or indirectly. The keeper has upper and lower areas, each with releasable fasteners (such as Velcro) on at least a portion of its perimeter, the fasteners on the upper area complementary to and interlocking with those on the lower area. The lower area of the keeper may thus be folded up and into contact with the upper area, forming an enclosure. The strap is gathered inside said enclosure, with the end attached to the handle extending from the upper junction of the upper and lower areas, such that the handle when pulled will cause the strap to extend and enclosure to open.

Abstract: An attractive wake tower assembly of a unique, generally U-Shaped configuration that can be readily pivotally mounted on powerboats of various constructions to enable the wake tower assembly to be pivoted from an upstanding to a lowered position. The wake tower assembly is of a high-strength, simple construction that does not interfere with the visibility of the boat operator. Each of the side members of the assembly has an upper portion and a lower portion, each of which is generally oval in cross section. The lower portion of each of the side members have a first width and the upper portion of each of the sides having a second width less than the first width; and a bight portion interconnecting the upper portions of the sides, the bight portion being generally circular in cross section.

Abstract: A plasma processing apparatus includes a chassis accommodating an impedance matching circuit. The impedance matching circuit is placed between an RF generator and a plasma excitation electrode. Magnetic probes for detecting a magnetic field generated at a slit in a sidewall of the chassis are placed axisymmetrically. The plasma processing apparatus also includes a feedback circuit for feeding back to an RF generator or a matching circuit so that a current detected by a current-detecting unit maintains a predetermined value.

Abstract: A device (10′) for storing and dispensing feed (98) to an animal at predetermined times includes enclosure (12) including a plurality of compartments (16), each including a hinged downwardly opening bottom door (17) having a storage position for supporting feed (98) and an open position for dispensing feed (98), a latch assembly (120) including a latch (121) supporting its associated door (17), and a connector (142) for each compartment (16), movable from a storage position to a dispensing position. A connector release assembly (160) includes a trip (162) for disengaging each connector (142), including a movable ratchet bar (61) including cams (163) and rungs (63). Reciprocating assembly (70) includes solenoid (71) moving pull arm (73) for moving ratchet bar (61) and timer (101) for activating solenoid (71) at predetermined times. Down-stop (90) prevents reverse movement of ratchet bar (61). Up-stop (80) limits the upward movement of ratchet bar rung (63).

Abstract: The present invention provides a self cleaning humming bird feeder equipped to protectively store sugared nectar and contaminated feed tank from insect infestation. The feeder including a feeding cup jacketed within a contaminated feed trap emptying onto a contaminated feed holding tank, a feed reservoir and a pump for pumping nectar to the feeding cup. Cleansing of the feed cup may be accomplished by pumping and overflowing excess sugared nectar into the feed cup causing it to spill over with contaminates onto the contaminated feed trap.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel collapsible pen that is used in combination with a widely available modular unit used in the shipping industry. The present invention is economical to use by virtue of the fact that the pen may be stored inexpensively in a minimum of space in a disassembled state, may be assembled quickly, and may be easily and readily disassembled to permit alternate uses of the modular freight unit. The present invention consists of a collapsible pen erected on a standardized rectangular platform which has at least one side open to the air. The pen is made up of modular panels. The panels are attached to the rectangular platform, and can be used alone or in combination with any side or end walls present on the rectangular platform to create an enclosure.

Abstract: A retractable leash for two animals which includes two spool assemblies (24A and 24B) for individual extension and retraction of each animal's cord. Each animal's cord is controlled by a button and locking mechanism. The cord holes (20A and 20B) where the leash cords (12A and 12B) exit are opposite of each other to minimize or prevent entanglement. If the leash cords cross, the operator need only rotate the lease handgrip (38) to uncross the cords. In one locking design, braking and locking buttons (18A, 18B, 18C, 18D and 16A, 16B, 16C, 16D) are placed on both the top and bottom of the leash handgrip (38) so that the operator may turn the leash and be immediately ready to control the forward movement of the animals. The leash may also be adapted to mount on the animal's collars as separate units which fasten together to form one walking leash.

Abstract: A non-choking collar that encompasses an animal's shoulders, thereby preventing neck, forechest, and airway injuries associated with many animal restraints. The animal shoulder collar with separation controlled hook-and-loop closure involves a length of material with opposing ends, a pair of leg openings and a hook-and-loop closure with a D-ring through the hook-and-loop that prevents separation of the hook and loop when used for restraint. Utilization of the shoulder collar involves placing the animal's front legs through the leg openings, and wrapping the opposing ends of the collar around both sides of the animal without involving the neck or forechest, and placing the opposing ends of the collar on top of the animal's shoulders where the hook fastener is placed on top of the loop fastener that is attached to a D-ring tab with a D-ring, such that the D-ring tab and the D-ring are protruding through an opening in the hook fastener.

Abstract: Combustion method and apparatus for NOx reduction which are capable of achieving NOx reduction with the value of exhaust NOx under 10 ppm, as well as CO reduction at the same time. The combustion method for fulfilling NOx reduction and CO reduction by suppressing temperature of combustion gas derived from a burner comprises a NOx reduction step for suppressing combustion gas temperature in such a manner that suppression of NOx generation is preferred to reduction of exhaust CO value, thereby keeping NOx value not more than a specified value, and a CO reduction step for thereafter reducing exhaust CO value resulting from the NOx reduction step to not more than a specified value.

Abstract: The invention relates to a holding tube for a heat treatment plant using injection heating. The holding tube includes a first, fixed section consisting of a conduit of predetermined and a constant counter pressure valve. The holding tube also includes a second, adjustable section. The second, adjustable section consists of a cyclone and an inclining conduit of a predetermined length. In the inclining conduit there is disposed a device for maintaining a defined liquid level in the conduit.

Abstract: In each of the soundproofed engine generators, the position at which the power generator body is coupled to the crank shaft is located at the end part on the crank shaft. In the soundproofed engine generator of the inverter type, the inverter unit is opposed to the power generator body at a position just upstream of the power generator body. Accordingly, when the inverter unit and the power generator body are removed, a continuous, long and large space for receiving the power generator body can be secured within the soundproof cover.

Abstract: The invention relates to a coolant circuit for a motor vehicle having an engine and a radiator. The coolant circuit includes an exhaust gas heat exchanger and enables engine coolant coming from the radiator to be supplied directly to the exhaust gas heat exchanger. In a preferred embodiment, coolant coming from the radiator and/or from the engine can be selectively supplied to the exhaust gas heat exchanger via a changeover device.

Abstract: The flame propagation rate resulting from a combustion event in the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine is controlled by modulation of the heat transfer from the combustion flame to the combustion chamber walls. In one embodiment, heat transfer from the combustion flame to the combustion chamber walls is mechanically modulated by a movable member that is inserted into, or withdrawn from, the combustion chamber thereby changing the shape of the combustion chamber and the combustion chamber wall surface area. In another embodiment, heat transfer from the combustion flame to the combustion chamber walls is modulated by cooling the surface of a portion of the combustion chamber wall that is in close proximity to the area of the combustion chamber where flame speed control is desired.

Abstract: A lubrication system for two-cycle engine includes a lubricant recess formed in a wall of a crankcase. Oil that becomes deposited within the intake passageway is directed to the lubricant recess preferably by a guide groove and pools adjacently below a connecting rod endcap. As the crankshaft with attached connecting rod rotates, pooled oil is drawn into the interior of the connecting rod endcap. Preferably, oil holes are formed radially outward through the connecting rod endcap to throw collected oil around the crankcase chamber when exposed to a centrifugal force.

Abstract: A control system of an internal combustion engine is comprised of an operation angle adjustment mechanism which continuously varies an operation angle of intake valves of the engine, an air-fuel ratio detector which detects an exhaust parameter indicative of air-fuel ratio information, and a control unit which are coupled to the operation angle adjustment mechanism and the air-fuel ratio detector. The control unit feedback-controls an air-fuel ratio of the engine on the basis of the exhaust parameter and corrects the operation angle on the basis of the exhaust parameter.

Abstract: The cam phaser of the present invention includes an externally mounted DPCS (234) with spool position feedback to control the position of a center mounted spool valve (192) and control the phase angle of the cam mounted phaser. A position sensor (300) is mounted to the spool valve position such that a control loop (400) controls the position of the spool valve (192). A second, outer loop (430) controls the phaser angle. An offset is preferably added to the spool valve position to move the spool valve to its steady state or null position. This null position is required so that the spool (200) can move in to move the phaser in one direction and outward to move the phaser in the other direction. This type of system reduces any frictional or magnetic hysteresis in the system.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a mechanically controllable valve lift adjustment. The present invention also relates to an internal combustion engine having a mechanically controllable valve lift adjustment and to a method of controlling the valve lift in internal combustion engines.

Abstract: Method and arrangement for engine breaking in motor vehicles having an internal combustion engine with at least one cylinder, at least one exhaust valve at the cylinder and a rocker arm (4) for activation of the exhaust valve. The rocker arm (4) is arranged on a hollow rocker arm shaft (5) and arranged to be effected by ridges (2a, 2b, 2c) on a camshaft (2), the device additionally having a control valve (15, 16) for controlling the oil pressure in the rocker arm shaft (5), and means (6; 14) receptive to an increase of the oil pressure in the rocker arm shaft (5) being integrated in the rocker arm (4) for absorbing a play between the rocker arm (4) and the exhaust valve in the case of increase oil pressure. At least one of the ridges (2b, 2c) causes opening of the exhaust valve with an engine breaking effect.

Abstract: A compression release mechanism for small internal combustion engines, including a compression release member having an auxiliary cam and a weight section. The compression release member is supported for rotation on an annular bearing surface which is in eccentric relation to the longitudinal axis of the engine camshaft. At engine cranking speeds, the compression release member rotates with the camshaft, and the auxiliary cam projects beyond the base circle of a cam lobe on the camshaft to periodically engage a valve to vent pressure from the engine combustion chamber during the compression stroke of the piston to aid in engine cranking. After the engine starts, rapid rotation of the camshaft causes the compression release member to rotate under the inertial load of the weight section thereof to a position in which the auxiliary cam is retracted within the base circle of the cam lobe such that combustion may proceed in a conventional manner.

Abstract: Water fill neck (16) is mounted on the intake manifold (14) of an internal combustion engine. The manifold includes an upstanding collar (22) that surrounds the lower support platform (57) of mounting body (55) of the water fill neck, and liquid accumulation spaces (50-53) are formed within collar (22) and about the lower support platform (57) of the water fill neck. The overflow from the water fill opening (18) past the gasket (37) will be retained beneath the outward projecting rim (60) of the water fill neck, thereby reducing the likelihood of liquid overflow onto the surfaces of the engine.

Abstract: A continuously variable Helmholtz resonator for a vehicle air intake system having a vibratory input to the resonator wall to dynamically adjust the cancellation frequency for time-varying acoustical signals, and at least one of mean resonator volume control, mean resonator neck length control, and mean resonator neck diameter control whereby control of both the dynamic and the mean properties of the resonator provides a wide-tuning spectrum and facilitates canceling of time-varying acoustical signals.

Abstract: A recoil starter including a winding housing and a reel that is rotatably coupled of the winding housing for rotation about a central axis. The winding housing includes a spring tab that is spaced from the central axis. The recoil starter also includes a spirally wound spring having an outer end portion that is coupled to the heel, a coiled portion that extends around the central axis, a guide portion that extends between the central axis and the spring tab, and a hook portions that extends radially outwardly from the central axis and that engages the spring tab to restrict movement of the inner end with respect to the winding housing.

Abstract: A crankshaft includes a plurality of main journals adapted for rotatably supporting the crankshaft by a cylinder block of an engine and a plurality of rod journals rotatably mounted to connecting rods, and a vibration dampener assembly comprising a pair of substantially annular vibration dampener members mounted to each of the rod journals and main journals of the crankshaft thereby dampening a transmission of vibrations between the crankshaft and the connecting rods and the cylinder block. Each of the main journals and rod journals are provided with a pair of axially spaced, substantially annular recessed portions provided for receiving the annular vibration dampener members. Each of the vibration dampener member is preferably made of an oil resistant elastomeric rubber-like material.

Abstract: A cylinder block assembly for an internal combustion engine having a cylinder block and a plurality of cylinders includes an oil port in each of the cylinders. An annular groove is located in each cylinder wall so that oil flowing from the oil port flows into the annular groove to lubricate the skirt of the piston. An opening may be located in the piston so that oil flowing from the oil port flows into and through the piston opening when the piston is at a predetermined position, thereby directly injecting oil into the piston to lubricate the wrist pin of the piston.

Abstract: A system for controlling the flow of engine oil in a cylinder block that houses hydraulic lifters. The system includes a lifter gallery extending through the cylinder block, such that each of the hydraulic lifters are in fluid communication with the lifter gallery. The system also includes a flow restriction element for restricting the flow of the engine oil through at least a portion of the lifter gallery. Specifically, the flow restriction element is configured to be inserted into either a lifter gallery inlet opening or the lifter bores in order to reduce the cross-section of the lifter gallery and restrict the flow of engine oil through the lifter gallery.

Abstract: A combustion control system controls combustion in a direct fuel injection spark ignition engine that maintains a constant pressure in an accumulator when fuel is not being injected. The combustion control system controls combustion when fuel injection is resumed after being temporarily stopped. The combustion control system has a target fuel pressure acquiring section that acquires a target fuel pressure based on an engine rotational speed and an engine load, an actual fuel pressure detecting section that the actual fuel pressure, a timing acquiring section, and a first timing control section. The timing acquiring section acquires the fuel injection timing and ignition timing (50 and 30 degrees BTDC) based on the rotational speed and load. The first timing control section controls the fuel injection timing and the ignition timing based on actual fuel pressure, e.g., retards the fuel injection and ignition timings to 40 and 25 degrees BTDC.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine (1), in particular for a motor vehicle, is described, that is provided with an injection valve (8), using which fuel can be directly injected into a combustion chamber (4) either in a first mode during an intake phase or in a second mode during a compression phase. In addition, a control unit (16) is provided for the control and/or feedback control of the fuel quantity injected into the combustion chamber (4), the control and/or feedback control being different in the two modes. The switchover from the first mode initially (26) to a transitional operation of the second mode and then (31, 37) to a normal operation of the second mode is effected by the control unit (16).

Abstract: If during a specific steady operation state of an engine, the actual intake pipe pressure is different from a target intake pipe pressure set during the specific steady operation state, a first correction amount for the throttle valve control value is calculated by causing the actual intake pipe pressure to become equal to the target intake pipe pressure. If at this time the actual amount of intake air is still different from a target amount of intake air set during the specific steady operation state, a second correction amount for the variable valve control value is calculated by causing the actual amount of intake air to become equal to the target amount of intake air. The second correction amount is used to further correct the throttle valve control value corrected by the first correction amount.

Abstract: The fuel supply apparatus for supplying fuel to an internal combustion engine has a fuel tank (2), a first fuel pump (6) that supplies fuel from the fuel tank to a fuel line (10), a second fuel pump (12) that supplies fuel from the fuel line (10) via a pressurized line to at least one fuel valve (16) and a fuel return line (22) that connects the fuel line (10) to the fuel tank for return of excess fuel. A shut off valve (30), which is closed at high temperatures, and a pressure regulator valve (26) are arranged hydraulically in series in the fuel return line (22). A fuel scavenger line (60) is provided, by which fuel at high temperatures is returned to the fuel tank (2). The fuel scavenger line (60) conducts the fuel back to the fuel tank (2), at least partially through the second fuel pump (12) and through a hydraulic resistance. Gas bubble formation is prevented by a high fuel supply pressure and by transfer of heat from the second fuel pump (12).