Abstract: An automobile climate control system has a coolant dispersing device to allow coolant to flow. A heat exchanger cools the coolant. A manifold block allows the coolant to transfer between the coolant dispersing device and the heat exchanger. The manifold block is in communication with the heat exchanger and the coolant dispersing device. At least one separately formed clasp is fixedly mounted to the manifold block. The at least one clasp has separate legs to fixedly mount the at least one clasp to the heat exchanger. The at least one clasp has a first flange member. A first end of the first flange member is fixedly mounted to an aperture in the manifold block.

Abstract: A method for the production of reinforced hollow sections with a continuous periphery. In order to provide in a simple manner, hollow sections with selective local reinforcement at points subject to high mechanical loads, an opening is formed in the periphery of the hollow section and a reinforcing plate is inserted into the opening, such that it at least projects into the hollow section. The reinforcing plate is then joined to the hollow section in the region of the edge of the opening.

Abstract: An electrical structure or package, and associated method of formation. A plurality of logic chips is coupled electrically to a memory chip either through conductive members (e.g., solder balls) that interface with the memory chip and each logic chip, or through a sequential logic-to-memory electrically conductive path that includes: a first conductive member electrically coupled to a logic chip; an electrically conductive via path through a circuitized substrate; and a second conductive member electrically coupled to the memory chip. The logic chips are electrically coupled to the substrate either directly through an interfacing solder interconnection from the logic chip to the substrate, or indirectly through the memory chip such that the memory chip is electrically coupled to the substrate by an interfacing solder interconnect. The electrical structure may be plugged into a socket of a backplane of a circuit card.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a diffusion bonding target assembly of a high purity cobalt target and a copper alloy backing plate diffusion bonded with an aluminum or aluminum alloy having a thickness of 0.5 mm or more as the insert material. Provided is a diffusion bonding target assembly of a high-purity cobalt target and a copper alloy backing plate capable of effectively sputtering a high purity cobalt ferromagnetic target and which does not generate warping or peeling upon diffusion bonding even under severe conditions such as bonding with the backing plate and high power sputtering, and the manufacturing method thereof.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for forming fusible solder material mounted on a substrate with the use of a tool having a treatment surface with selected shape. The solder material is heated sufficiently to cause fusing after which the tool is moved such that the treatment surface enters the fused material. The material is allowed to cool to permit re-solidification, after which the treatment surface is withdrawn from the solder, leaving the imprinted shape. The treatment surface is made of material that is not wettable by the solder.

Abstract: A data carrier which can be read from and written to in a non-contact state is embedded in the bottom of tableware, and in which data such as price, etc. are written. When a customer selects dishes or drinks and places the dishes or drinks on a tray, all the data are simultaneously read from the data carriers on the tray, and the total amount of charge is calculated.

Abstract: A resource constrained device is disclosed which includes a tag reader, e.g., an RFID or barcode reader, a communication unit that can communicate information read from the tags to an information interface, and a controller. The controller is arranged to send the information to the information interface via the communication unit. The information interface returns a response, e.g., comprising an XML document. The response is used by the controller to adjust operational parameters which modify the performance of an operational unit, e.g., a washing machine.

Abstract: A face photo storage system is disclosed. A digital camera takes one or more photos of a person in response to the detection of an event, such as a cash register having rung up a sale to the person, the person entering the premises, and so on. The best photo of the person that includes the best picture of the person's face is determined. A database stores this photo, along with at least a current date in which the photo was taken. The database may also store the current time at which the photo was taken, a transaction record of the person's purchase, and so on. The invention may be used in conjunction with or in lieu of a video surveillance system.

Abstract: A method of using a study aid apparatus is disclosed. The method includes receiving supplemental information associated with a printed textbook. After receiving the supplemental information, it can be loaded into a portable, study aid apparatus. The study aid apparatus is then used to help learn about subject matter in the textbook.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system for registering items selected by a registrant from a plurality of participating merchants for subsequent communication to a prospective purchaser. The system has a computer system that contains identifying information about the registrant. A portable input and storage device is provided that can be carried by the registrant into a plurality of participating merchants. The portable input and storage device is capable of receiving and storing information regarding gifts that the registrant desires to receive as presents. The input and storage device stores a unique identifier for the particular merchant each desired gift is from. A transfer device is provided connected to the computer system that receives the information regarding the registrant's desired gifts from the portable input and storage device and transfers the information to the computer system.

Abstract: There is provided a financial transaction payment method and system for processing a transaction conducted using a financial transaction card. The financial transaction card has associated therewith a financial account in a financial institution and one or more transaction criteria. The financial transaction payment system includes a processing unit and an application program for execution on the processing unit. The method includes the step of determining by the application program whether a transaction activates an installment loan on the financial account based on the one or more transaction criteria.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for inputting and outputting money, and to a method for identifying and collecting money that is input to this apparatus. Further, an apparatus for inputting and outputting money includes any type of apparatus, such as an automatic teller machine (ATM), a money exchange machine or an automatic vending machine, used for the input and the output of all types of currencies.

Abstract: An automated banking machine (10) includes a lockable first fascia portion (20) which when unlocked enables access to a chest lock input device (104), inputs to which enable opening a chest door (18) of the machine. Opening the first fascia portion also enables access to an actuator (116) which enables moving a second fascia portion (22) for conducting service activities. A baffle structure (164) is positioned on the housing adjacent the second fascia portion to enable cooling air flow within the housing of the machine and to prevent the introduction of moisture into the housing. A controller (72) in the machine selectively illuminates light emitting devices (118, 126) for purposes of facilitating user operation of the machine. Sensing devices (128) adjacent a card reader slot (28) on the machine enables the controller to detect the presence of unauthorized card reading devices.

Abstract: A self-service terminal (12) having a wireless communication port (28) for interacting with a user's portable device (60 or 70) is described. The terminal (12) may be an ATM, and includes a biometric device (35) for capturing biometric data from a user at the terminal (12). The terminal (12) is operable to receive biometric data from portable devices (60 or 70) within the vicinity (76) of the terminal (12), and compares the received biometric data with data captured by the biometric device (35) to determine which portable device (60 or 70) is associated with the user at the terminal (12). A method of executing a transaction at a self-service terminal (12) having a wireless communications port (28) is also described.

Abstract: There are provided an electronic payment system using a multifunctional prepaid card which is commonly used in payment for use of services and purchase of goods, and a method of selling the multifunctional prepaid card. The electronic payment system includes a multifunctional prepaid card having a predetermined Personal Identification Number (PIN), shopping/service providing means for providing services and goods to a user of the multifunctional prepaid card and requesting the PIN of the multifunctional prepaid card for payment, and a prepaid card management system for managing state/balance information for PIN for the multifunctional prepaid card on a database, making a settlement by referring to the balance amount of the corresponding PIN if payment for a specific PIN is requested by the shopping/service providing means, and updating the settlement result on the database.

Abstract: An apparatus for automatically acquiring and verifying, relative to pre-established rules, address information and postage value indicia on a face of each of a plurality of mail pieces. The mail pieces can be subsequently placed in a tray and a label is applied to the tray, the label imprinted with information which relates to the mail piece content of the tray. The apparatus includes an inserter adapted to insert documents into an envelope and seal the envelope to produce a finished mail piece or a sorter which conveys finished mail pieces, with the address information and postage value indicia visible on a face of each mail piece. An in-line module is disposed adjacent the inserter, the module including a path along which each finished mail piece is transported.

Abstract: An optical scanner to be used for an image forming apparatus such as a digital copying machine comprises a light source such as a semiconductor laser for emitting a light beam, a deflection element such as a rotary polygon mirror for deflecting the emitted light beam, and an imaging optical system for focusing the deflected light beam on a surface to be scanned, typically a photosensitive drum surface. The imaging optical system includes at least first and second optical elements as well as a reflector mirror arranged on the optical path between the first optical element and the second optical element for reflecting the light beam coming from the former and leading it to the latter so that any displacement of the scanning spot in the sub-scanning direction may effectively be eliminated.

Abstract: To provide an information code which copes with the lack of the number of displayable items of commodities and the number of sub-items allotted to each item, without enlarging the information code, which lack is imposed due to the limit of the quantity of displayable information by a monochromatic information code such as a bar code. The information code is formed by arranging three or more types of display areas in a predetermined arrangement, the display areas being different in color (reflected or radiated wavelength characteristic), and the wavelength characteristics of the display areas in the arrangement are combined to form a unit for displaying information.

Abstract: A conveyor apparatus transports materials along an incline. The apparatus includes an endless base conveyor belt that is tensioned between lower and upper end rollers and is aligned with the incline. A drive means drives the base belt at a selected speed and in a selected direction along the incline. An endless hanging overhead conveyor belt is provided above the base belt, and has a substantially flat conveyance surface for covering materials placed on the base belt. A drive roller of the hanging overhead belt is coupled to the upper end roller of the base belt so as to drive the hanging overhead belt at a speed and direction similar to that of the base belt. The hanging overhead belt extending toward and in proximity to an input transport conveyor for transporting articles at a speed slower than the speed of the hanging belt.

Abstract: Direct metal deposition (DMD™), preferably closed-loop DMD, is used to deposit machine-readable codes onto articles with high accuracy, directly from digital data. In different embodiments, the substrate/layer combination may be tailored for improved wear resistance, thermal conductivity, density/hardness, corrosion and/or resistance to corrosion, oxidation or other environmental conditions. Alternatively, the layer(s) of material may be tailored to have specific properties custom-tailored to suit the application. To enhance throughput, code features may be fabricated using a robotic closed-loop DMD arrangement. In concert with the improvements made possible through the tailored outer layer(s), the method may further include the step of incorporating a third dimension by controlling the height of the deposit line in addition to the width.

Abstract: A credit card which includes a generally planar member which is configured occupy approximately one half of a predetermined space for a conventional credit card which is 2.125 (H)×3.375 (L) inches. The card is further characterized to enable mating with a substantially identically geometrically formed card such that when so mated the two cards substantially occupy the predetermined space of a conventional credit card.

Abstract: A context sensitive device including a card portion (101) having a number of user interpretable icons (e.g. 122), an electronic apparatus (106) attached to the card portion (101) which includes a memory unit in which are retained character strings, including contextual information, associated with the corresponding icons (122). The apparatus (106) also has a processor unit coupled to the memory unit, and a communication unit for coupling the processor to a reading device (302), which is configured to facilitate reading the context sensitive device. The processor is configured to relate reading signals resulting from a user selection of one of the icons (122), and received via the communication unit with at least one of the stored character strings, to thus transmit an output signal for indicating a desired service based on the contextual information.

Abstract: A data carrier for interpreter-based execution of an application existing in the form of an application program resulting from an object-oriented source program includes a communication device (10), and a memory device (12) containing at least one application program and an interpreter unit (15). The application program is structured in class files (22) each containing a library section (25) whose entries (46) are formed by invariable elements of the interaction context and which is structured in a sequence of equally long segments (50) each comprising a predetermined number of bytes. A certain number of segments (5) forms an entry (46). The physical position of the first segment of each entry (46) within the byte sequence is used by the interpreter unit (15) as a reference for the entry (46).

Abstract: The present invention allows the use of low speed USB reader/connector to be use for full speed and high-speed transmission by introducing an accurate clock element into the smart card. In addition, the present invention eliminate the need of having a clock element in any USB compatible reader/connector, making the reader/connector a much simpler device that can be manufactured in a lower cost.

Abstract: The present invention refers to a dual control thermostatic mixer with a regulator suited to stabilize the mixed water temperature upon exit, using a stabilizing mechanism and a switching device for choosing either spout or handset flow. It has a main body (A), a close, setting and commutation valve (B), a switch handle lever (C) and a water temperature-regulating knob (D). The main body of the mixer (A) has central part internally divided and separated by four ringed chambers were the switching valve set (B) operates. The switching valve set is made of a thermostatic regulator and a switching device that allow to regulate the water's temperature keeping it constant for use with a handset or directly to the spout.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus that is used to measure relative humidity, such apparatus comprises a housing having a first end and a second end. There is a humidity sensor disposed at the first end of the housing for measuring the humidity in the air and a temperature sensor also disposed at the first end of the housing for measuring ambient temperature. The apparatus has an electronics portion in direct electrical communication with the humidity sensor and the temperature sensor for computing a relative humidity and a dewpoint temperature. The electronics portion is disposed within a center portion of the housing. There is, further, a battery that is in electrical communication with the electronics portion, the humidity sensor and the temperature sensor for providing power to the apparatus. Such battery is disposed in the center portion of the housing of the apparatus.

Abstract: A heating system for heating air, especially for heating the interior of a motor vehicle, with a first heater (10), a second heater (12), and a flow path between the first heater (10) and the second heater (12), there being at least one auxiliary fan (50) with which a flow in the direction from the second heater (12) to the first heater (10) can be produced and a process for influencing the air flows in the heating system are designed to counteract overpressurization. Furthermore, an air heater and a process for detecting backflowing hot air through an air heater use a temperature sensor in an inlet area of the heater for that purpose.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing man-made snow without using either compressed air or high-speed fans. The method makes use of a special water nozzle that is designed to provide a high volume spray of water particles that, owing to their size distribution (having a median size of between about 100 and 200 microns) in the spray, are readily susceptible to conversion to ice crystals as they settle to earth under favorable ambient conditions. Preferably, water applied to the nozzle is seeded with artificial nucleation sites so that water particles in a spray containing such sites are more susceptible to conversion to ice crystals as the particles settle to earth.

Abstract: An atomizer 10 atomizes a multi-component liquid from a reservoir 20 into a cloud 14 comprising small droplets 38 which are ejected into the atmosphere to a certain height and allowed to fall toward a surface 12. Essentially complete evaporation is assured by maintaining the size of the droplets, the liquid's component vapor pressures and the height through which the droplets fall according to a predetermined relationship. Also, the suitability of a liquid for evaporation in a vibrating plate atomizer is determined by measuring the rate of size decrease and the surface tension of a pendant drop of the liquid after a predetermined amount of the liquid has evaporated from the drop.

Abstract: A dispensing apparatus is provided for a pulverulent material entrained in a stream of a transporting gas or mixture of gases. The apparatus includes a first member and a second member. The first member includes an interior into which the stream flows and a perimetral discharge edge. The second member includes a side facing the interior and a perimetral discharge edge. A discharge opening is defined between the discharge edges of the first and second members. A dimension of the discharge opening is determined by one or more third members. Each third member has a first end adjacent the first member and a second end adjacent the second member. The third members have non-uniform transverse sections. A transverse section of each third member between its first and second ends has a smaller area than the transverse section of each third member at one its first and second ends.

Abstract: A centrifugal dispensing apparatus with a centrifugal dispensing drum that can be divided into compartments and that has at least one open inner volume for retaining a volume of flowable material, an exit aperture for each open inner volume for allowing flowable material to pass during a rotation of the centrifugal dispensing drum, and a drive shaft. A catch shield or a cam operated plunger arrangement for sealing off the exit aperture in a directionally sensitive manner can be provided. Flowable material can be deposited in lines onto flat surfaces, curved surfaces, and non-flat surfaces that can be rendered flat after the application of flowable material thereto.

Abstract: A self-adjusting rotating joint (1), especially for liquid distribution devices, including a first substantially tubular element (3), adapted to be connected to a liquid feeding inlet pipe, a second substantially tubular element (2), adapted to be connected to a liquid distribution nozzle, connecting means (6, 25) adapted to connect pivotally first (3) and second element (2), so as to allow their reciprocal rotation around a common axis (V), with limited axial relative displacement, transmitting a reaction force generated by the jet and lying on a plane passing through said common axis (V), braking means (15, 16, 17, 18, 20, 21, 22, 23, 30, 31) to counter the relative rotary motion of the element (2, 3) about the rotation axis (V). The rotating joint is characterised in that the connecting means are made of a substantially cylindrical tubular element (6, 25) with substantially constant outer diameter.

Abstract: There is provided a structure for mounting a headlamp cleaner including pistons having a nozzle cover and an injection nozzle at the front ends, and a cylinder for moving the pistons back and forth from a bumper. The cylinder is mounted in the bumper via a bracket having mating pieces which mate with a mounting hole provided in the bumper and positioning projections which are inserted into the mounting hole and used for positioning the bracket with respect to the planar horizontal direction.

Abstract: A shield for a vehicle mounted spreader device having a hopper and a rotating spreader element beneath the hopper to broadcast particulate material flowing from the hopper onto the spreader element comprises a top wall having an opening for material flowing from the hopper and a side wall extending downwardly from the top wall and circumferentially thereabout between opposite ends spaced apart to provide a discharge opening, and the side wall is arcuate between the opposite ends thereof and eccentric with respect to the opening in the top wall.

Abstract: A spray gun pressure stabilizer of the present invention comprises a nozzle, a spray head and a spray gun, the spray head is threaded to the front end of the spray gun and is composed of a spray hole and air outlets at the center portion axially, the front end of the spray gun is further composed of a recess for a de-pressure ring to sleeve thereon, the recess comprises an air outlet and a de-pressure hole, the recess also has a threaded inner hole to connect with the nozzle. The improvements of this invention is to form a pipe at center portion of the nozzle, and extending therefrom a block rim, the nozzle further comprises a circular rim with a number of air holes, so that air flows through the air holes will be blocked by the block rim, which de-presses the air to provide a stabilization of air output.

Abstract: A manually actuated sprayer has an orifice cup with a reverse taper mounted within a cylindrical bore of the discharge passage for positively retaining the orifice cup in place without dislodgement during spray actuation.

Abstract: A low volume-low pressure spray gun (10) for spraying a fluid has a housing (12), a gas input (16), a trigger valve mechanism, and a nozzle (14). The gun (10) has lower and upper air passages (38, 39) which connect the gas input (16) to the trigger valve mechanism (23), and the trigger valve mechanism to the nozzle (14), respectively. The upper passage (39) is offset from the lower passage (38) and is substantially conical in shape, the layout of the passages (38, 39) producing a gas vortex in the upper passage (39) which creates a gas acceleration to compensate for the low pressure of the gas entering the gas input (16). The trigger valve mechanism comprises a piston valve (23), a liquid control needle valve (22), and a trigger (40). The piston valve (23) may include inner and outer apertured sleeves (26a, 26b), the sleeves being co-axial with the inner sleeve (26a) located inside the outer sleeve (26b).

Abstract: A fuel injector has a fuel inlet, and a metering valve which is activated by an electromagnetic actuator to open and close an injection nozzle; the metering valve has a control chamber communicating with the inlet and defined by an end wall, in which is formed an outlet hole closed by a shutter moved along an axis by the actuator; the end wall and the shutter are defined by respective parallel, facing surfaces which rest against each other to compress the film of fuel issuing from the hole during closure by the shutter, and which have channeling formed about the hole to generate, in use, a counterpressure for the outflowing fuel.

Abstract: The fuel injector comprises a control module, with a piston guide extending downwards, in which a control piston is arranged. The fuel injector further comprises a nozzle body, with a top surface on which the control module is mounted. The nozzle body comprises a drilling with a nozzle needle, co-operating with the control piston, arranged in the lower section thereof and the piston guide, arranged in the upper section thereof. A high pressure inlet is arranged in the control module and opens out into the drilling at the top surface. The drilling is embodied such that, on lifting the nozzle needle from the valve seat thereof, the fuel which escapes from the fuel injector is replaced, whereby fuel from the high pressure inlet flows through the drilling in the direction of the valve seat.

Abstract: A nozzle for a burner including a body having a first end adapted to attach to the burner and a second end configured to discharge gas and oxygen for combustion within an industrial furnace. The body has a plurality of tubes extending therethrough. Each tube has an inlet on the first end of the body, and an outlet on the second end of the body. The tubes are configured to be separate along a substantial length of the body, thereby ensuring that the tubes are not joined together to form a large cavity within the body. Preferably, any overlap between the tubes does not extend beyond ten percent of the overall length of the body. The structure of the nozzle provides thick, strong exterior walls of the body that resist failure.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to obtain a consistently stable needle lift damping effect in an injector 8b for fuel injection. In an injector 8b that relieves fuel pressure inside a pressure control chamber 37 and lifts a needle valve 36, there are provided a damper member 62 that is slidably mounted to the needle valve 36, a damping chamber 63 formed between the damper member 62 and the needle valve 36, a leak passage 64 for extracting and leaking out the fuel in the damping chamber 63, and a stopper member 41 to restrict the lift position of the damper member 62. Damping of the lift of the needle valve 36 is carried out by extracting and leaking out the fuel in the damping chamber 63 through the leak passage 64. The needle valve 36 functions as a guide for the damper member 62, and prevents vibration of the damper member 62, allowing a consistently stable damping effect to be obtained.

Abstract: A fuel injector for use with an internal combustion engine. The fuel injector comprises a valve group subassembly and a coil group subassembly. The valve group subassembly includes a tube assembly having a longitudinal axis that extends between a first end and a second end; a seat that is secured at the second end of the tube assembly and that defines an opening; an armature assembly that is disposed within the tube assembly; a member that biases the armature assembly toward the seat; an adjusting tube that is disposed in the tube assembly and that engages the member for adjusting a biasing force of the member; a filter that is at least within the tube assembly; and a first attachment portion. The coil group subassembly includes a solenoid coil that is operable to displace the armature assembly with respect to the seat; and a second attachment portion that is fixedly connected to the first attachment portion.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for recycling fines produced during the production of powder coatings comprising the steps of heating the fines for a sufficient time and a sufficient temperature such that a reusable product is obtained, cooling such product, crushing the cooled product to produce particles of a desired particle size; and removing any particles which are not of desired particle size.

Abstract: The process applies to synthetic-grass floorings of the type comprising a sheet substrate with a plurality of filiform formations extending from the substrate to simulate natural-grass cover or turf, the substrate and the filiform formations being made of plastic material, as well as a particulate filling material or infill dispersed between the filiform formations so as to maintain the filiform formations in a substantially erect condition. The process comprises the operations of removing the synthetic-grass flooring from the laid condition and subjecting the sheet substrate and the filiform formations to shredding so as to produce a salvaged particulate material. This salvaged particulate material can then be used as component of the particulate filling material or infill in a synthetic-grass flooring that is to be newly laid.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating milling products comprises a housing (1), a rotor (2) rotatably arranged in said housing (1) and having at least one pocket (8) for receiving steam-containing milling products which is to the processed, an inlet (6) in the housing (1) for steam-containing milling products for passing on to the pocket (8) and an outlet (12) in the housing (1) for milling products to a steam proof discharge device, said pocket (8) being at least partly open radially outwards, and an outlet in the housing (1) for steam. The rotor pocket (8) is provided with a radially inwards facing opening for steam (14), which can be connected with a steam outlet (15, 16, 17, 18) of the housing (1) at least once per revolution during the rotation of the rotor (2). The invention also relates to a method for treating milling products.

Abstract: The invention provides a method and installation for processing heterogeneous value bearing material by pressure comminution. The material is compressed in a bed of particles, at low pressures and at low bulk material densities, and preferably no more than is necessary to liberate the desired values, thereby to minimise the formation of fines. The compressive bed pressure applied to the material does not exceed 300 MPa, and the process is preferably operated in an open circuit mode. Surprisingly, these measures lead to enhanced liberation of values compared with conventional comminution techniques.

Abstract: Food processing apparati including magnetic drives are described herein. According to one exemplary embodiment, a food processing apparatus may include a motor having a motor shaft, a rotor rotatably mounted on the motor shaft, and a stator producing an electromagnetic field for interacting with the rotor. The rotor may include a rotor magnet having an inner rotor magnet surface facing toward the motor shaft, and the stator may include an outer stator surface facing away from the motor shaft. The inner rotor magnet surface may at least partially face the outer stator surface.

Abstract: A condiment grinder which affects grinding of a condiment by reciprocating manual lineal movement of a plunger which is mounted within a body of the condiment grinder. The plunger is part of a grinding mechanism which includes a clutch assembly that causes a shaft to rotate in only one direction regardless of whether the plunger is depressed or retracted.

Abstract: A web processing apparatus has a cutting mechanism for cutting elongate webs of different widths from a raw web, a core rotating mechanism for selectively holding cores having different diameters and different axial lengths and rotating a selected one of the cores in opposite directions, a winding mechanism for supporting one of the elongate webs on an outer circumferential surface of the core to wind the elongate web in different winding directions when the core is rotated, and a cutting mechanism for cutting an end of the elongate web to produce a roll after the elongate web is wound around the core.

Abstract: A paper dispenser including a carriage that is rotatable between at least a first orientation and a second orientation. The carriage holds at least two rolls of paper. In the first orientation, the first roll is in a primary position and the second roll is in a secondary position. In the second orientation, the first roll is in the secondary position and the second roll is in the primary position. A roll sensor senses the amount of paper remaining on the roll held in the primary position. Paper from at least one of the two rolls is fed into a feed mechanism for dispensation. A transfer mechanism feeds paper from the roll held in the secondary position into the feed mechanism when the roll sensor senses that the paper on the roll held in the primary position is depleted to less than a predetermined diameter.