Abstract: Various systems and methods are disclosed for carrying out combustion in a fuel-cut operation in some or all of the engine cylinders of a vehicle. Further, various subsystems are considered, such as fuel vapor purging, air-fuel ratio control, engine torque control, catalyst design, and exhaust system design.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purifying system of the present invention comprises a first catalyst which contains a noble metal and reduces hydrocarbons contained in exhaust gas, and a second catalyst which is disposed downstream of the first catalyst and contains &bgr;-zeolite. In the exhaust gas purifying system, a mixed gas having an air-fuel ratio of not less than 25 is burned in an internal combustion engine, and the internal combustion engine discharges the exhaust gas having an oxygen concentration of not less than 4% continuously or intermittently.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a blade of a stator, where a passage is formed in the blade of a conventional stator which constitutes a torque converter and thereby generates stable torque and prevents sag in the stall state and at low speed ratios. The present invention is characterized in that an oil flow passage is newly formed between the pressure side and the suction side of the blade of the stator. The present invention avoids the occurrence of flow separation and recirculation regions at low speed ratios through modification of the structure of the blade of the stator and thereby prevents performance deterioration and may improve the overall performance of the torque converter.

Abstract: A pneumatic hybrid electric engine includes an electric source, an air supply part for compressing air and storing the compressed air, a pneumatic engine part for generating power using air supplied from the air supply part, an electric engine part for generating power using electric power applied from the electric source, a power transmission part for transmitting the power generated by the pneumatic engine part and the electric engine part, and a control part for selectively operating the pneumatic engine part and the electric engine part so that the pneumatic and electric engines parts can be switched on the basis of a predetermined torque range.

Abstract: An integrated three function valve (ITFV) that combines the functions of a bypass valve (e.g. 183a, 185a, 161a) into a single assembly is disclosed. The ITFV allows continued operation after any two failures.

Abstract: A device, for the translation of a displacement of an actuator, in particular for an injection valve, essentially comprises two counter-displaceable pistons, coupled together by means of a translational chamber in a play-free manner. The translation chamber is filled with a translation medium and is connected to an equalization chamber by means of a sealing gap. The sealing gap only equalizes pressure differences between the translation chamber and the equalization chamber which are of long duration. One of the two pistons is pre-tensioned in a starting position by means of an externally arranged spring. A reduction in the dead volume between the pistons is possible as a result of the arrangement of the spring outside the piston. The function of the translation device is thus improved.

Abstract: A fan assembly comprising two fans (4, 10) for supplying combustible gases to two burners (5, 9) respectively. The flow parts from the first and second burners are combined in a common manifold. Temperature censor (6, 11) detect the temperature of the gases passing through each fan, and the speed of a particular fan is increased if the temperature sensor detects reverse flow of combustion gases.

Abstract: A manufacturing method based on a plastic working technique which can eliminate cutting and welding as much as possible in manufacturing an adjustable blade incorporated in a VGS turbocharger is provided.

Abstract: A turbocharger system for a combustion engine and method of installing a turbocharger system includes a turbocharger having an oil inlet configured for being coupled to a pressure side of an oiling system and an oil outlet, an exhaust inlet and outlet and an air charge inlet and outlet. An oil pump is connected to the oil outlet of the turbocharger and is further connected to the oiling system. A pressure driven check valve is coupled to the oil inlet of the turbocharger to prevent oil from flowing into the turbocharger when the pressure on the pressure side of the oiling system drops below a predetermined level. The turbocharger system also includes mounting hardware for mounting the turbocharger to an exhaust pipe and away from the engine and at or below the oil level of the oiling system. In one embodiment, the method of installing the turbocharger system includes removing an existing muffler from the vehicle and mounting the turbocharger in the location of the existing muffler.

Abstract: A high-pressure ratio turbocharger of this invention has a two-stage compressor section comprising a first-stage compressor impeller rotatably disposed in a first compressor housing, and a second-stage compressor impeller rotatably disposed in a second-stage compressor housing. The first and second stage compressor impellers are attached to a common shaft, and are positioned within respective compressor housing in a direction facing away from one another. A portion of the second-stage compressor housing is formed from a compressor backplate attached to a turbocharger center housing. A scroll seal is disposed between the first and second-stage compressor housings, and is interposed between the impellers to separate outlet air flow between each respective first and second-stage compressor chamber.

Abstract: A solar energy conversion device comprises a solar collector configured to collect solar energy. The solar collector comprises a plurality of roof panels. Each of the panels comprises at least one roof sheet comprising at least one wall, and further comprises a substantially transparent thermoplastic polymer.

Abstract: An assembly of gas expansion elements for a device for converting thermal energy into motor energy in particular for a hot-water motor, wherein the assembly includes two closed pressure containers, both of which are filled with a gas or gas mixture, and both of which have an upper injection opening for hot and cold water. The assembly is provided with a short-circuit pipe between the two pressure containers and the short circuit pipe includes at least one controllable valve for equalizing the closed pressure containers, after the gas or gas mixture has performed its work.

Abstract: The L & N Cyde combines a single heat source with several different cycles into one unique system that takes maximum advantage of the heat available. The cycles/systems included are 1) a chemo-thermal process to convert water into oxygen and hydrogen, 2) a modified Regenerative Brayton cycle to produce electricity, 3) a thermal flash distillation desalination cycle 4) a reverse osmosis desalination cycle, and 5) ion-exchange mineral extraction system. The heat source will supply a temperature of about 900° C. to 1,000° C. to the chemo-thermal furnace for that process. The hot products of the chemo-thermal water conversion process (oxygen and hydrogen) pass through different heat exchangers to supply heat to the other cycles. In this manner the oxygen and hydrogen proceed through their first cooling step. The hot hydrogen heat exchanger supplies heat to the fluid in the Regenerative Brayton cycle to produce the electricity.

Abstract: In a condenser of a steam turbine facility, which conventionally releases exhaust heat thereof into the ocean or the air, liquid carbon dioxide (approximately 20° C., approximately 5.7 MPa), instead of the ocean water or air as conventionally used, is used as a cooling medium, and heat recovery is carried out utilizing boiling heat transfer having high heat-removing performance. Gaseous carbon dioxide resultantly generated is directly used as an operational heat medium of a heat pump, and a pressure thereof is raised to 12 MPa or so, thereby a temperature thereof is raised to recover heat of 80° C. or so, which is provided for heating, etc. Thereafter, the pressure is lowered to condense the carbon dioxide into liquid phase (approximately 20° C., approximately 5.7 MPa), and is used for cooling in the condenser again. Accordingly, exhaust heat can be recovered and recycled economically, and restricted from being released to an outside environment.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing liquid carbon dioxide (CO2) from combustion gas at normal pressure, in which process the CO2 of combustion gas led to the lower part of an absorption column is absorbed in an absorption solution that flows downwards from its upper part, the CO2-poor combustion gas is removed from the upper part of the absorption column, the said absorption solution is led to the upper part of a desorption column, the CO2 is desorbed from the absorption solution led to the upper part of the desorption column to form a gaseous CO2 concentrate, which is removed from the upper part as the absorption solution flows to the lower part of the column, from which it is re-circulated to the upper part of the absorption column, the CO2 concentrate obtained is brought to a high pressure, and most of the concentrate's CO2 is liquidized.

Abstract: Methods and systems for exchanging energy reversibly between inertial and rotating forces with a masstubarc flow siphon by non-partitioning mass flow movement are disclosed. Energy can be exchanged reversibly between inertial and rotating forces utilizing a specific geometric design that preserves longitudinal molecular connectivity. A reversible masstubarc flow siphon can be configured as a symmetric interface for the contention of mass as linear in an inertial force zone and as arc in a rotating force zone. The arc section reversibly and gradually transfers the energy between linear and rotating motions. A geometric design allows a reversible masstubarc flow siphon to function like a rotating pump that adds kinetic and/or mechanic energy to the mass. If the device changes its rotating direction, the mass flow can also change direction, thereby reversibly moving the mass.

Abstract: A gas turbine fuel nozzle comprises a body and a sheath adapted to surround the body. A snap-on device is provided for releasably retaining the sheath on the body. The snap-on device is displaceable between a first position for allowing the sheath to be fitted over the body and a second position for retaining the sheath in place about the body.

Abstract: Manifolds are shaped cross star having curved surfaces inside thereof, and holes are bored in four corners of the manifolds. In mounting a combustor to a casing, oil in the manifolds is transmitted to the holes by way of the curved surfaces. As a result of this, oil is prevented from staying, and coking is prevented from occurring, inside the manifolds.

Abstract: A combustor baffle includes an annular splashplate having a center mounting tube therein for receiving a carbureted stream. A semi-ferrule is offset both laterally and transversely from the tube, and is open laterally outwardly therefrom. The semi-ferrule cooperates with an adjoining semi-ferrule for defining a port in which a pilot injector or igniter may be mounted.

Abstract: A wall structure capable of withstanding high thermal load, including a wall structure with an inner wall, an outer wall positioned about the inner wall, and distancing elements located between the inner and outer walls. The distancing elements are joined to at least one of the inner and outer walls by means of laser welding and thereby establishing a plurality of cooling ducts between the inner and outer walls and a weld joint formed by the laser welding and having a cross-section taken through the wall structure that is substantially T-shaped and which displays a rounded shape towards an inside one of the plurality of cooling ducts.

Abstract: An engine nozzle is described in which the nozzle is deformable from a first state, typically a round shape, to a second state which may approach a polygon or have a fluted edge. The first and the second state defining different nozzle cross-sections whereby the nozzle can be adjusted between the first and second state for a nozzle cross-section optimised for engine efficiency. Deformation in the nozzle may be achieved through use of shape memory materials, pressure chambers, piezo-electric element deformation or other technique.

Abstract: A micro turbine (10) has a recuperator (20). During startup, an alternator (26) acts as a motor to turn the turbine rotor (32) and compressor rotor (34) of gas turbine (40). The speed of the gas turbine (40) and a fuel control valve (42) are controlled in order to prevent the rate of change of temperature at a gas turbine exhaust sensor (74) and/or a recuperator sensor (80) from exceeding a predetermined value in order to reduce thermal shock on the recuperator during startup. Controlled shutdown sequences are also provided.

Abstract: In a power generation plant having at least one gas turbine cycle with heat-recovery boiler (4) and at least one steam turbine cycle operated via the heat-recovery boiler (4), the gas turbine cycle being designed to be semi-closed and essentially free of emissions and essentially comprising a compressor (1), a combustion chamber (2) arranged downstream of the compressor (1), a gas turbine (3) arranged downstream of the combustion chamber (2), a heat-recovery boiler (4) arranged downstream of the gas turbine (3), and at least one generator (8) coupled to the gas turbine (3), modes of operation with the gas turbine cycle stopped and start-up using fresh air are made possible by first means (12) being arranged which alternatively or additionally allow hot gas to be fed into the hot-gas path (23) between gas turbine (3) and heat-recovery boiler (4), and by second means (15) being arranged which alternatively or additionally allow exhaust gas to be expelled from the exhaust-gas path (40) downstream of the heat-rec

Abstract: A gas turbine apparatus is provided which comprises a turbine, a combustor for burning a mixture of air and fuel and providing the turbine with a combustion gas to drive it, a generator connected to the turbine to receive rotational force therefrom to generate electric power, a temperature sensor for measuring a temperature of an exhaust gas from the turbine, a temperature setting unit and a power setting unit.

Abstract: A gas turbine starting method, comprising the steps of rotatively driving a turbine by a motor coupled to the turbine, while at the same time supplying a compressed air to a combustor by an air compressor operating in interlocking motion with the turbine, starting a fuel supply to the combustor when a revolution speed of the turbine has reached up to a predetermined value, and simultaneously starting an igniting operation on an air-fuel mixture in the combustor, wherein at least during the igniting operation to the air-fuel mixture in the combustor, a quantity of fuel supply per unit time to the combustor is increased while increasing the revolution speed of the turbine, to thereby ensuring the ignition of the air-fuel mixture under various conditions, and depressing the temperature rise of the gas turbine, which may otherwise occur immediately after the ignition.

Abstract: A method of generating electrical power while simultaneously converting salt water to fresh water includes the steps of: a) supplying exhaust gases from a gas turbine used to generate electrical power to a boiler located downstream of the gas turbine and upstream of a gas turbine exhaust gas stack; b) employing a closed thermal transfer fluid circuit between the boiler and a desalinization plant for recirculating the thermal transfer fluid between a first heat exchange in the boiler and a second heat exchanger in the desalinization plant where the thermal transfer fluid passes in heat exchange relationship with the seawater to thereby heat the seawater as a first step in a distillation process.

Abstract: A co-generation system and a dehumidification air-conditioner, which generates electricity and provides highly efficient air-conditioning by reducing the latent heat load of the air-conditioner. Exhaust gas from either a turbine or an internal combustion engine heats air for desorption of adsorbed moisture from a humidity rotor. The humidity rotor has a sound adsorption material to attenuate high frequency noise coming from the exhaust outlet of the co-generation system.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a non-mechanical blower for use in heating the interior of a motor vehicle, and more particularly, to the use of thermoelectric devices used in tandem to replace conventional electromechanical blower devices.

Abstract: An automatically actuated line connection and delivery system is disclosed for the delivery of a cryogenic fluid coolant to tools mounted on manufacturing machines such as vertical and horizontal machining centers, punching presses, thermal spray systems, welding systems, laser cutters, etc. The system includes a linearly-actuated, cryogenic fluid socket/plunger connection “(20)” with a differential, thermal contraction-controlled sealing mechanism, “(22,24)” as well as provisions for installing this connection on automated manufacturing machines “(60,84)” and integrating operation of the connection “(20)” with the manufacturing cycle controlled from a remote control panel “(70)”.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for directly cooling fine-particle, powdery solid substances by using a cooling medium provided in the form of low-boiling condensed gases or of cold gases obtained therefrom, whereupon bulk material packings are subsequently filled with these solid substances. The invention also relates to a device for directly cooling the fine-particle, powdery solid substances and to fine-particle, powdery solid substances, which are located inside bulk material packings and which, compared to air, have a lower oxygen content in the gas phase between the solid substance particles.

Abstract: A refrigerator includes a refrigerating cycle unit for refrigerating an atmosphere in the refrigerator by means of heat absorption due to change of a flammable refrigerant from a liquid phase to a gaseous phase, and a deodorizer having first and second electrodes discharging electricity upon application of high voltage to them, producing ozone, a burning chamber provided so as to surround the first and second electrodes, and a fire-spread preventing unit provided in the burning chamber to prevent burning of the flammable refrigerant in the burning chamber from spreading outside the burning chamber.

Abstract: There is provided an energy recovery apparatus capable of recovering a hydraulic energy in a regenerative air-conditioning system including a pressure sustaining valve and capable of coping with a discharge change caused by variation in air-conditioning load, the air-conditioning system being capable of carrying out normal operation even in a case where the energy recovery apparatus fails. The energy recovery apparatus is configured so as to feed water from a water tank to air-conditioning loads such as a heat source or a fan coil at a higher place through a feed pipe line by a pump and to lead the water passed through the air-conditioning loads into the water tank via a return pipe line including the pressure sustaining valve, a branch pipe line is disposed so as to branch into the water tank from the return pipe line in upstream of the pressure sustaining valve, and the energy recovery apparatus is connected in to the branch pipe line.

Abstract: A selectively controllable valve is arranged in a refrigeration circuit which interconnects the evaporator and the condenser and is controlled so that a pressure differentials built up across the valve. The valve is selectively opened to allow “batches” of working fluid to pass therethrough. In some embodiments, the working fluid which is allowed to pass through the valve, is heated in a chamber to increase the amount of pressure on the downstream of the valve. This produces expanded pressure on the downstream side of the valve. This produces expanded pressurized working fluid which increases the pressure in the condenser and forces previously condensed and liquefied working fluid through a flow restricting transfer device into an evaporator.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of predicting the temperature of articles (P) passing through the chamber (2) of a cooling installation using a coolant (4), said method comprising a step whereby the temperature of articles (P) exiting said chamber (2) is predicted. Said prediction is calculated from the characteristic quantities in relation to the operation of said chamber (2), the thermodynamic and physical characteristics of said chamber (2) and the thermodynamic and physical characteristics of said articles (P). The invention is suitable for controlling quick-freezing tunnels for food.

Abstract: The invention proposes a pressure-reducing device designed to be installed in an air conditioning circuit operating with cooling fluid (FR) and including a housing suited to be traversed by cooling fluid under the control of a needle valve (134). The pressure-reducing device moreover includes a bulb (200) filled with a control fluid (FC) exerting a control pressure on a membrane (33) as a function of ambient conditions, the aforementioned membrane being suitable for acting on the needle valve as a function of the control pressure. The bulb is placed in the path of cooling fluid between the outlet of the condenser and the inlet of the pressure-reducing device.

Abstract: An air conditioning apparatus includes a refrigerating cycle supplying the supercritical refrigerant pressurized by the variable displacement compressor to the outdoor heat exchanger, the expansion valve and the indoor heat exchanger, in sequence and subsequently return the supercritical refrigerant to the variable displacement compressor. The apparatus further includes a displacement control unit that establishes a limit value derived from the engine speed and further controls a discharge volume of the compressor prior to the control in the opening degree of the expansion valve, on a basis of the so-established limit value.

Abstract: There is provided a cooling apparatus which can improve a cooling efficiency while preventing an abnormal increase in pressure of a high side. The cooling apparatus comprises: a refrigerant circuit which uses carbon dioxide as a refrigerant; a control device which controls a speed of rotation of the compressor between predetermined lowest and highest speeds; and a cooled state sensor which detects a cooled state in a refrigerator main body to be cooled by an evaporator included in the refrigerant circuit. The control device increases a highest speed of rotation of the compressor if a temperature in the chamber of the refrigerator main body detected by the cooled state sensor is low.

Abstract: It is described a cooling system for cooling an ambient to be cooled, a cooler and a method of controlling a cooling control system. The cooling control system comprises a variable capacity compressor and a controller, the controller measuring the load of the compressor and verifying the temperature condition in the cooler ambient and actuating on the cooling capacity of the compressor. The method of controlling a cooling control system comprises the steps of: measuring, throughout the cooling cycle, the load (Ln) of the compressor, the temperature condition in the cooling ambient and altering the cooling capacity of the compressor, according to the values of the load (Ln) and the temperature condition in the cooled ambient.

Abstract: There is provided a cooling apparatus which can prevent an abnormal increase in pressure of a high side at the time of starting. The cooling apparatus comprises: a refrigerant circuit which uses carbon dioxide as a refrigerant; and a control device which controls a speed of rotation for the compressor between predetermined lowest and highest speeds. The control device runs the compressor by holding a predetermined start-time holding speed of rotation lower than the lowest rotational speed for a predetermined time before the lowest rotational speed is reached after the compressor is started.

Abstract: There is provided a cooling apparatus which can improve cooling efficiency of an evaporator while preventing freezing of articles housed in a cooled space thereof. The cooling apparatus comprises: a control device which controls a compressor; and a temperature sensor in the chamber which can detect a cooled state in a refrigerator main body to be cooled by the evaporator. The control device stops running of the compressor if the compressor is continuously run for a predetermined time, and changes the continuous running time of the compressor for stopping the same based on a temperature in the chamber of the refrigerator main body detected by the temperature sensor in the chamber.

Abstract: A method for operating a vapor compression system having a compressor driven by a variable frequency drive, wherein the compressor feeds a refrigerant loop, wherein the refrigerant loop includes a cooling circuit for the variable frequency drive, and wherein a flow control member is positioned for controlling flow of refrigerant from the refrigerant loop to the cooling circuit including the steps of: sensing an operating temperature of the variable frequency drive; and controlling the flow control member based upon the operating temperature.

Abstract: Mechanical refrigeration systems, including ice machines, having increased effective operating range. The ability to operate over a wide range of heat transfer capacity allows the system controller to conserve energy by closely matching the refrigeration capacity and the heat load. In applications where the refrigeration system is being operated from low-grade power or small power grids, the refrigeration capacity may be adjusted to control the amount of electrical energy taken from the grid. For the more specific application where ice is being manufactured, to maintain product quality the varying refrigeration capacity of the system must be followed by a variance in the heat load that is applied to the system.

Abstract: The present invention provides a hybrid compressor system in which its configuration is simplified, its cost and size are reduced, and its reliability is enhanced. In the hybrid compressor system which selectively transmits a driving force of an engine and a driving force of a motor being mounted on a vehicle to a compressor of a vehicle air conditioning device to drive the compressor, the motor is provided with a one-way clutch which selectively transmits the driving force of the motor to the compressor 1.

Abstract: This invention relates to a water heater comprising a water tank (1) having a wall (2) formed from material having heat transfer properties and a cold water inlet (5) adjacent one end of the tank. A tube (8), adapted to carry a refrigerant fluid, is secured externally about the tank wall (2). Heat-conductive material is provided along the length of the tube, with the tube and the heat-conductive material in heat-conductive contact with the external surface of the wall of the tank to transfer heat from condensation of the refrigerant fluid in the tube through the wall to the water contained in the tank (1). An evaporator (15) is positioned so as to be exposed to ambient conditions for absorbing heat energy from the ambient conditions. The evaporator is provided with a passage for carrying the refrigerant fluid whereby the fluid may be heated by the ambient conditions.

Abstract: An air-conditioning system for a vehicle includes an electronic control unit which detects a collision of the vehicle and activates an air bag of the vehicle, and a circulation passage for a refrigerant or R152a. The system further includes a discharge device which discharges the refrigerant from the circulation passage in the engine room when the control unit outputs an air-bag activation signal. The discharge device includes an electromagnetic valve adapted to opened to discharge a refrigerant from the circulation passage in the engine room when the control unit outputs the signal.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a built-in type outdoor unit for an air conditioner to provide an efficient installation structure for installing the outdoor unit increased in capacity due to high air conditioning capacity in a built-in type.

Abstract: A defrosting heater in a refrigerator with a flammable refrigerant sealed therein, including a first glass tube (53) having a heater wire (52) inside thereof, a plug (58) covering both end opening parts of the first glass tube (53) and a second glass tube (54), a lead wire (55) piercing the plug (58) and connected to an end of the heater wire (52), and a positioning plate (57) disposed on a connection part of the lead wire (55) with the heater wire (52). Flame propagation can be prevented by setting the size of a space (58b) formed by the plug (58) and the positioning plate (59) according to the sealing quantity of the flammable refrigerant and the surface temperature of the heater wire (52), and an unstable state in a defrosting mode is prevented even when the flammable refrigerant leaks.

Abstract: A system for utilizing water originating from an air conditioning system in order to supply water to an automobile windshield wiper system, includes air conditioning generating equipment for an automobile, the air conditioning generating equipment including a compressor, a condenser and an evaporating compartment; a water-collecting container positioned below a level of the evaporating compartment; first tubing for connecting the evaporating compartment to the water-collecting container to supply water from the evaporating compartment to the water-collecting container; second tubing for connecting the water-collecting container to a windshield wiper system of the automobile; and a pump for pumping the water from the water-collecting container to the windshield wiper system through the second arrangement.

Abstract: A heat pump system (10) including a heat generator (15), a heat engine (26) supplied with heat engine working fluid (18) by the heat generator (15) having a heat engine cylinder chamber (34), a heat engine piston (32), and a heat engine piston rod (35), a preheating chamber (31) employing the heat engine working fluid (18) to heat the heat engine cylinder chamber (34), a compressor (40) driven by the heat engine (26) employing compressor working fluid having a compressor cylinder chamber (46), a compressor piston (44), and a compressor piston rod (47), a spacer (50) separating and joining the heat engine piston rod (35) and the compressor piston rod (47), a sealing assembly (38) associated with the spacer (50) separating the heat engine working fluid (18) and the compressor working fluid, and a valve assembly (60) communicating with the heat engine cylinder chamber (34) and controlling the ingress and egress of heat engine working fluid (18) to the heat engine (26).

Abstract: An icemaker for an ice supply system for preventing water from overflowing from the ice tray by vibration and/or shaking of the surrounding structure includes an icemaker, a container provided at a lower part of the icemaker and an ice chute for supplying the ice stored in the ice container. An ejector in the ice tray of the icemaker and a dropper device having an inclined upper surface at a side of the open top of the ice tray are provided for dropping the ice discharged upwardly by the ejector. An overflow prevention device is provided at another side of the open top of the ice tray for preventing water filled in the ice tray from overflowing. The overflow prevention device includes a panel extending upward from the ice tray and a cover coupled with the hinge at the top of the ice tray.