Abstract: A chair for supporting and spacing concrete reinforcement members having a generally tapered body including a receiving area and a base. Opposed pairs of notches in the receiving area each have different depths, such that reinforcement members can be placed at different heights and in perpendicular relationships to each other within the chair. The base has a plurality of support legs extending downwardly from the receiving area and allows the chair to rest on a planar surface. The body has inner and outer surfaces that are substantially complementary to one another to allow a plurality of chairs to be stacked together.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a method for producing a wall or partition construction with essentially smooth surfaces. The method comprises the arrangement of opposite former sheets 8, 9 or equivalent surfaces at a distance from each other in order to form a former space with the aid of form ties 1, parts of which are caused to extend through holes 7 in the former sheets 8, 9 and provided with stop means 13, which are caused to come into contact with those surfaces of the former sheets 8, 9 that face the former space, and which form ties 1 are provided with retainers 4 on the surfaces of the former sheets 8, 9 that face away from the former space in order to maintain the former sheets 8, 9 or equivalent at a distance from each other, after which mortar or concrete in liquid form is added to the former space and caused to solidify.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing screening and humidifying panels in particular for air circulation in avicultural facilities or greenhouses comprises the steps of shaping cardboard sheets with non-rectilinear undulated channels by means of sequential pressing of the individual channels and gluing together of the sheets arranged with alternating different mutual inclination of the channels. To realize the process a press comprising a die made up of a plurality of segments each representing al least part of a channel and moving sequentially to press the cardboard starting from one end of the press is proposed.

Abstract: An anchor for masonry. The anchor is relatively smooth walled and is forcibly driven into a hole formed in masonry or other suitable material for purposes of attaching fixtures. When driven into the hole, a shaped portion of the anchor is deformed in such a manner as to facilitate a 360 degree or greater bearing surface with the holes of wall. The walls of the hole impose forces onto the shank along this bearing surface which tend to deform shank into alignment with the hole by primarily elastic deformation so that the resulting frictional forces between the shank and the wall resist dislodgment from the hole.

Abstract: A self supporting panel system used to fabricate ceilings, floors, walls, or roofs. The panel system is assembled from a plurality of panels, each having a core that is sandwiched between opposing plate members. In a preferred embodiment, the core of each panel includes a unifying material to enhance the load bearing capacity of the panel.

Abstract: A medication filling apparatus for filling a predetermined container with medications, such as tablets, provide improved assemblability and maintainability, and permits safe and reliable filling operations, while maintaining a compact size. The medication filling apparatus is equipped with a plurality of tablet cases for accommodating medications of respective types, a plurality of hoppers provided side by side below the respective tablet cases in a corresponding manner to receive the medications dispensed therefrom, and charging means for guiding the medications dispensed from a dispensing port formed at the bottommost portion of each hopper to a predetermined container and for charging them, and is further equipped with retaining members on which the hoppers are hung, wherein the hoppers are detachably installed to the retaining members.

Abstract: The present invention provides an automated system and method of banding (bandoliering) a plurality of syringes. The system includes a feed device for receiving the plurality of syringe barrels and positioning the plurality of syringes according to a predetermined orientation and an indexed device for transferring the plurality of syringes in the predetermined orientation to a transport device that includes individual pockets for receiving and holding the syringes in a spaced relationship as the syringes are advanced due to movement of the transport device.

Abstract: A binding apparatus for packaging and paper recycling comprises of four separate holding trays, four legs connected to the trays, and several frames connecting the legs. Each of the trays holds a corner to a quarter of the area of the papers or materials which need to be bound. The four trays work together to hold papers or any materials that needs to be bound but there is a clearance between any two pairs of the trays. Given the clearance between the trays and the clearance between the frames and trays, human hands, ropes, or binding tools can go through to bind the papers without touching any one of the trays and without moving the objects which needs to be bound. The ropes are placed in the clearances between trays. Once the binding is finished, a stack of bound papers or materials can be removed directly from the top of the binding apparatus without moving the apparatus. The apparatus can be used for paper recycling, as magazine rack, or as furniture for decoration.

Abstract: Described is an apparatus for applying to a palletized load (1) protective corner elements (2) having first and second sides (A, B) designed to protect contiguous sides (1a, 1b) of at least one corner of the load (1). The apparatus comprises transfer means for conveying at least one corner element (2) from an initial position to a position where the sides (A, B) of the corner element (2) are close to the corresponding edges (1a, 1b) of the corner to be protected, these transfer means comprising actuating means (4, 5, 6) for transferring the corner element (2) by a rotational movement through predetermined angles (&agr;, &bgr;) from the initial position (Pos2) to a position (Pos4) where at least a first side (A) of the corner element (2) is substantially aligned with a first side (1a) of the corner of the load (1).

Abstract: A method of applying fiscal indicia, such as a tax stamp, to an article wherein the article is enclosed at least in part by a film packaging material with an associated tear tape, the tear tape comprising a base film of oriented thermoplastic having a coating of pressure sensitive adhesive on one side of the film and with a coating of release agent on an opposed side of the film and wherein the tear tape carries the fiscal indicia such as a tax stamp thereon.

Abstract: A beverage bottling plant for filling bottles with a liquid beverage filling material, and apparatus for attaching carrying grips to containers with filled bottles. The abstract of the disclosure is submitted herewith as required by 37 C.F.R. §1.72(b). As stated in 37 C.F.R. §1.72(b): A brief abstract of the technical disclosure in the specification must commence on a separate sheet, preferably following the claims, under the heading “Abstract of the Disclosure.” The purpose of the abstract is to enable the Patent and Trademark Office and the public generally to determine quickly from a cursory inspection the nature and gist of the technical disclosure. The abstract shall not be used for interpreting the scope of the claims. Therefore, any statements made relating to the abstract are not intended to limit the claims in any manner and should not be interpreted as limiting the claims in any manner.

Abstract: There is now provided a beverage bottling plant for filling bottles with a liquid beverage filling material, and a container filling plant container information adding station, such as, a labeling station having a gripper arrangement, configured to add information to containers, such as, bottles and cans. The abstract of the disclosure is submitted herewith as required by 37 C.F.R. §1.72(b). As stated in 37 C.F.R. §1.72(b): A brief abstract of the technical disclosure in the specification must commence on a separate sheet, preferably following the claims, under the heading “Abstract of the Disclosure.” The purpose of the abstract is to enable the Patent and Trademark Office and the public generally to determine quickly from a cursory inspection the nature and gist of the technical disclosure. The abstract shall not be used for interpreting the scope of the claims.

Abstract: The invention concern a procedure to wrap an object in a wrapping machine, where the wrapping machine is arranged with a conveyance assembly, containing a first conveyor belt which is leading towards a preferably vertical winding level and a second conveyor belt which is leading away from the winding level, and where furthermore a first partial section of the conveyor belt as well as a second partial section of the second conveyor belt are vertically and horizontally moveable, where furthermore the object to be wrapped in a lifted position can be fixed in the section of the winding level which is located across the basic level of the conveyance assembly where the sections are included which are not vertically moveable, and where according to the procedure the object first will be moved horizontally from the first partial section of the first conveyor belt and next vertically into the level of the fixing device, thereupon this first partial section will be guided out of the section or the winding level, the wr

Abstract: A discharge and transfer apparatus for adjacent separated objects, such as logs of interfolded sheets discharged from an interfolder, and for supplying the logs of sheets sequentially to downstream processing equipment, such as a packaging or wrapping mechanism for applying packaging or wrapping material about each log of sheets. The discharge and transfer apparatus includes an advancing mechanism for moving the logs of sheets in a forward direction at a location downstream of the discharge area of the interfolder, and a guide mechanism, such as a series of curved guide rails, which are operable to position the logs such that the logs are moved in a generally vertical direction toward a transfer area by operation of the advancement mechanism.

Abstract: In order to be able to prepare a postman's walk containing both letters (L) and “large format” flat postal objects (P) in a single pass:

Abstract: A packaging mechanism has a loading bed moveable between a loading position and a second position. A plate-like member is moveable with respect to the loading bed between a retracted position for loading and a second position for package sealing. The plate-like member has a hinged portion. A sealing member is positioned at an end of the hinged portion. The sealing member seals a wrap about a sequenced group of product to form a package when the plate-like member is positioned over the loading bed. A clamping, cutting and serrate mechanism is positioned proximate to the loading bed when the loading bed is in the first position. The clamping, cutting and serrate mechanism clamps, cuts and serrates the wrap. A method of packaging is also provided.

Abstract: For producing hard packs, namely hinge-lid boxes or shell and slide packs in particular, inner and outer pack units are prepared separately in each case, namely a shell (20), on the one hand, and a blank for a hinge-lid box, on the other hand. The inner pack unit, comprising a cigarette block (10) and a further pack part, namely a slide (13) or a collar, is prepared in the region of a mandrel turret (24). The pack units are then brought together, with continued rotary movement, by axial displacement relative to one another.

Abstract: A compact and efficient continuous wrapping machine capable of measuring out certain amounts of a magnetic powder automatically and wrapping them in wrapping film, the continuous wrapping machine comprising a measuring drum, a sealing drum, and a sealing device. The measuring drum includes a means for retaining measured-out amounts of the magnetic powder on its periphery and a means for cutting off the retaining force of the retaining means to transfer the measured-out amounts of the magnetic powder to the sealing drum. The sealing drum includes a means for retaining the measured-out amounts of the magnetic powder on a first continuous wrapping film fed onto its periphery. The sealing device seals the first continuous wrapping film and a second continuous wrapping film, which is fed onto the measured-out amounts of the magnetic powder on the sealing drum, together around each of the measured-out amounts of the magnetic powder.

Abstract: A machine (100) for making filter bags (1) of tetrahedral shape for infusion products (P) comprises a production line (L) defined by a series of operating stations (50, 9, 10, 14, 11, 12, 13) where filter bags (1) made from a continuous flattened tube (2) of filter paper are formed, filled with respective doses of infusion product (P) and subjected to successive cuts and closing seals (SL, ST, SC).

Abstract: A blister packaging machine comprises a combination load/offload station having a blister magazine that is filled from the outside of the machine rather than the inside of the machine. The load mechanism includes a pick and place mechanism that is adapted to place individual blisters into nesting trays on a rotary carousel. The offload mechanism includes a pick and output mechanism that is adapted to pick formed blister packages from the nesting trays and output them into a collection bin. The load mechanism is arranged to cooperate with the offload mechanism without interference. The load and offload mechanism may be incorporated into a six station blister packaging machine.

Abstract: Methods are known for conveying bags in the form of a continuous web such that they open at a suitable place during continuous conveyance and during maintenance of the open condition so they can be filled and sealed after closing. Prior art methods utilize complicated methods for retention. According to the invention, the bag web is suspended on horizontal studs mounted on carrier chains running in such a way that the bags open and a surrounding groove around the studs along the chains prevents the bags from falling off during passage of filling stations etc.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of using a nonwoven medical wrap, and more specifically, to a method of supplying a medical wrap in a continuous form for a more convenient means of wrapping surgical instruments. In a first embodiment, the medical wrap may be in rolled form comprising one or more plies that may be detached from the roll in user determined lengths.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for filtering particulate from an internal combustion engine by use of monolithic particulate trap systems having porous walls (2c, 24c). The porous walls (2c, 24c) filter the particulate. The filtered particulate on inner surfaces of the porous walls is periodically removed or regenerated via back flow of previously filtered exhaust gas. The back flow is caused by creating a pressure difference across the porous walls. The back flow of the previously filtered exhaust gas is simultaneously or sequentially coupled with high velocity through flow of exhaust gas in the channels. In addition, the particulate trap system can be an adsorber-catalyst particulate trap system for filtering particulate and reducing NOx via an adsorber-catalyst trap systems to achieve the EPA 2007 standards.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for cleaning filters for dust-laden waste gases, comprising several filter elements (2) which are arranged vertically in a filter housing (1) and which have an upper open end (16) and a lower closed end (15) with at least one feed line (9) for the dust-laden waste gases and at least one discharge line (11) for the cleaned waste gases, in addition to a device for injecting surges of compressed air into the open end (16) of the filter elements (2). In order to reduce pressure fluctuations in the filter and to provide efficient cleaning with pulsations of compressed air in the low pressure range i.e. from approximately 0.8 to 3 bars, the filter is divided into several filter modules (1) respectively comprising at least one filter element (2). At least two filter modules (1) are arranged in a filter housing (10) or a filter chamber.

Abstract: An air filter assembly has a pleated filter cartridge for filtering out dust from the air, this unit being fabricated of a suitable paper material. The cartridge is in the form of a receptacle having an open top, a closed bottom and closed sides which run entirely there around. Pleats are formed in the sides of the cartridge. The pleats are separated from each other by an adhesive bead which may be formed from a hot melt material. In the filtering cycle air is drawn out by a blower from the inside of the cartridge thereby drawing air from the outsides through the pleated sides which filter our dirt. The filtered air is fed from the cartridge to an area requiring clean air. Periodically, the filter is automatically cleaned by compressed pulsating air which is fed to the interior of the cartridge drives through the pleated sides, thereby blowing off dirt accumulated on the cartridge.

Abstract: A battery cooling apparatus of an electric vehicle according to this invention comprises a battery tray having a bottom tray in which an air inlet passage is formed and a top tray in which an air outlet passage is formed. Batteries are received between the bottom tray and the top tray. An air duct has an inlet communicating with outside air and an outlet communicating with the air inlet passage of the bottom tray. The outlet of the air duct is preferably opposed to the front wall of the bottom tray. Accordingly, a battery received in the battery tray can be uniformly cooled without temperature difference and degradation caused by dust and moisture.

Abstract: A filter assembly for use in a disk drive assembly is disclosed. The filter assembly is configured to remove contaminants within the drive assembly and to prevent entry of contaminants into the drive assembly. In one implementation the filter assembly includes a housing configured for placement in a disk drive assembly containing a rotating disk, the housing comprising an air scoop having an entrance configured for placement beneath the rotating disk in the drive assembly; and a major surface comprising a wall and an opening in the wall, the opening configured for receiving a filter material and being in fluid communication with the entrance to the air scoop. A filter element is positioned within the housing and configured so that a first portion of the element filters air directed from the air scoop, while a second portion of the element filters air from the exterior of the drive assembly, the first and second portions sealed by a common filter material placed over the opening in the major surface.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a method with associated equipment for feeding two gases into and out of a multi-channel monolithic structure. The two gases will normally be two gases with different chemical and/or physical properties. The gases, here called gas 1 and gas 2, are fed by means of a manifold head into channels for gas 1 and gas 2 respectively. Gas 1 and gas 2 are distributed in the monolith in such a way that at least one of the channel walls is a shared or joint wall for gas 1 and gas 2. The walls that are joint walls for the two gases will then constitute a contact area between the two gases that is available for mass and/or heat exchange. This means that the gases must be fed into channels that are spread over the entire cross-sectional area of the monolith. The present invention makes it possible to utilise the entire contact area or all of the monolith's channel walls directly for heat and/or mass transfer between gas 1 and gas 2.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid/gas state separating device capable of separating the molecules of vapour (V) of a liquid evaporating under the effect of a partial vacuum (31) maintained by pumping means from drops (L) of said liquid carried along by the flow of vapour (V), characterised in that it comprises a vapour deflector (50) and a drop collector (60), the vapour deflector (50) imposing at least one sudden change of direction on the flow of vapour (V).

Abstract: A filter element for filtering a gas stream including filter mats (4, 6) positioned in the gas stream, to which particles in the gas stream (2, 9) adhere and can be removed from the gas stream. The filter mats (4, 6) advantageously comprise multiple layers of the filter material having a membrane (5) positioned between them. The filter mats (4, 6) may additionally be provided on inflow side with a pre-separator nonwoven web (3) and/or on the outflow side with a post-separator nonwoven web (7) and each comprise, for example, 5 to 10 individual layers of glass fiber paper.

Abstract: A dual-stage vacuum cleaner filter with a pre-filtration cap having pre-filtering screens. A base with an aperture and a filter media strip pleated in the shape of a frustocone can be mounted within the dirt cup of a handheld vacuum. A circular, planar gas impermeable lid is sealingly fixed at the end of the filter media strip opposite the base. The cap is removably mounted to the base covering the filter media strip and lid. The cap has sidewall and endwall pre-filtering screens, and when the sidewall screens become loaded with debris, the endwall screen permits air to flow through a gap between the cap and the lid to the filter media strip.

Abstract: An air filter, in particular for purifying combustion air for an internal combustion engine, composed of an essentially metal-free filter insert which forms a hollow cylinder having end disks arranged on the axial end faces of the filter medium of the filter insert, one end disk forming a closed end of the filter element and having a handle element extending axially away from the filter element, and the other end disk being constructed as a hollow cylinder having a concentric, elastic, radially-acting gasket.

Abstract: A diesel particulate filter comprising a plugged, wall-flow honeycomb filter body composed of cordierite and having a plurality of parallel end-plugged cell channels traversing the body from a frontal inlet end to an outlet end thereof, wherein the filter exhibits a CTE (25-800° C.) of less than 13×10−7/° C., a bulk filter density of less than 0.60 g/cm3, a median pore diameter, d50, of less than 25 micrometers, a porosity and pore size distribution that satisfy the relationship Pm≦3.75, wherein Pm is equal to 10.2474{1/[(d50)2(% porosity/100)]}+0.0366183(d90)−0.00040119(d90)2+0.468815(100/% porosity)2+0.0297715(d50)+1.61639(d50−d10)/d50, wherein d10, and d90 are pore diameters at 10% and 90% of the pore size distribution on a volumetric basis, and d10<d50<d90. A method of making the same is also provided.

Abstract: Filter systems that are effective against a broad range of contaminants including HCN, cyanogen chloride (CK), acid contaminants. and basic contaminants such as ammonia without the need (but with the option, if desired) for using molybdenum or chromium containing materials. The filtering systems of the present invention include a tungsten-based material and other impregnants incorporated into a substrate such as filter media particles.

Abstract: In a lawnmower engine speed control system having an actuator moving a throttle valve and a controller controlling operation of the actuator such that the engine speed becomes equal to a predefined desired engine speed, it is determined whether the lawnmower is under a mowing operation based on a value indicative of a load of the engine including an operation rate or output of the engine, the desired engine speed is changed based on a result of determination, thereby enabling to lower noise, to boost fuel efficiency, and to simplify operation by making manual regulation of engine speed unnecessary, while ensuring stable operation free from engine speed variance.

Abstract: A lawnmower comprising a chassis and a mower deck movable with respect to the chassis. A cylinder assembly is mounted to said chassis, and includes an actuating cylinder, and a piston shaft selectively extendable and retractable with respect to the cylinder under the influence of fluid pressure within the cylinder. A deck lift assembly is interconnected to the chassis and the mower deck for adjusting the height of the mower deck with respect to the chassis. The deck lift assembly includes a pivot member pivotally connected to the chassis. A jack is removably coupled to the pivot member, such that the chassis is raised and lowered in response to movement of the piston shaft with respect to the cylinder. The jack utilizes the existing hydraulic system and cylinder assembly of the lawnmower to raise the lawnmower with respect to the ground.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for processing crop materials in a forage harvester. The apparatus may comprise a pair of rotatable rollers for cutting crop materials passed between the rollers, and a bifurcated frame supporting the rollers in a proximate condition to each other. The bifurcated frame includes a first frame portion and a second frame portion, with a first one of the rollers being mounted on the first frame portion for moving with the first portion and a second one of the rollers being mounted on the second frame portion. The first frame portion may be movable with respect to the second frame portion to move the first roller laterally away from the second roller.

Abstract: A conveying means adapted to provide a link between a harvester and a processing apparatus which is towed from the harvester, said conveying means being supported between the harvester and processing apparatus, said conveying means having an inlet positioned to receive trash flowing from the trash outlet of the harvester and an outlet positioned to deliver trash to the processing apparatus, the conveying means including a conveyor extending between the inlet and outlet to convey the trash from the inlet to the outlet.

Abstract: A running mower of the present invention comprises a traveling body 1 provided, between the front wheels 2 and the rear wheels 3, with a rotary mowing unit 12 which includes a laterally spaced pair of mowing blades 16a, 16b. The traveling body is also provided with an outlet duct 26 extending backward from between the mowing blades past a position between the rear wheels for discharging grass mown by the mowing blades. The rotary mowing unit 12 is provided with a forwardly extending mower input shaft 22 disposed offset from the center of the mowing blades toward one mowing blade 16b by an appropriate amount L1. A front part of the traveling body 1 is provided with an engine 4 whose power is transmitted to the input shaft via a mower transmission shaft 23 having a respective end provided with a universal joint 23a, 23b. As a result, the power transmission from the engine to the rotary mowing unit is simplified while the mown grass is disposed smoothly from the outlet duct 26.

Abstract: To manufacture a spun yarn (4) from a loose fibre structure (2), devices are used in which a swirl chamber (3) is provided between a fibre delivery channel (1) and a yarn extraction channel (5). A fluid is blown into the swirl chamber (3). This device exhibits in the swirl chamber (3) a guide surface (20), which delimits the swirl chamber (3) downstream, for the purpose of guiding fibres or fibre sectors (6) which are swirling in the swirl chamber (3), said surface extending in collar fashion around the inlet aperture (11) of the yarn extraction channel (5). The guide surface (20) forms an angle (&agr;) of at least 30° (for preference 45-90° ) with the axis of the yarn extraction channel (5) in the yarn extraction direction, and outer areas of this guide surface (20) are at a distance interval from the inlet aperture of the yarn extraction channel (7) which corresponds to at least one tenth (for preference at least one sixth) of the effective staple length of the fibres which are to be processed.

Abstract: A chain connecting pin extracting apparatus comprises a main body; a pin extractor support supported by the main body; and a pin extractor supported by the pin extractor support for movement in a direction of a pin extractor axis defined by the pin extractor. The pin extractor comprises a force receiving component adapted to receive a connecting pin extracting force; a tip adapted to apply the connecting pin extracting force to the connecting pin, wherein the tip is dimensioned to extend into a link pin opening in a first direction along the pin extractor axis; and a residue moving surface disposed between the force receiving component and the tip and facing at least in part in a second direction opposite the first direction.

Abstract: In the manufacture of a link plate for a silent chain, a band of sheet steel is intermittently forwarded to string of punching dies and shaving dies. The band tends to follow a slightly curved path, which causes alignment errors in a conventional punching and shaving operation. However, in this case, each shaving die and its corresponding punching die are disposed in symmetrical relationship with respect to an intermediate position along the path of movement of the band, and the intermediate position coincides with the location at which the deviation of the band. As a result, the shaving dies are more accurately aligned with the punched surfaces produced by the corresponding punching dies.

Abstract: A decorative rope chain and a manufacturing process to produce a rope chain in which each link element used as a basic building element exhibits a unique visual property, such as surface texture, coloration, attribute, feature, characteristic, shape or other physical appearance. Such unique visual property traits for the succession of link elements results in a more attractive, fanciful, more delicate and interesting fashion item. Each of the interconnected link elements may have a first major surface exhibiting a first visual property and an opposite second major surface exhibiting a second, perceptively different, visual property. In other aspects of the invention, the major surfaces of the link elements may have differently colored or textured surface portions. In yet another aspect of the invention, each link element may have differently shaped portions. Similarly, the interior and/or exterior edges of the link element may exhibit different shapes, colors, patterns, or textures.

Abstract: An apparatus for vaporizing liquefied natural gas (LNG) is disclosed. The apparatus comprises an LNG side with a plurality of heat transfer circuits and a heating medium side with a plurality of passages within a trough like containment. The vaporizer is designed for high heat transfer rates and reduced thermal stresses. The vaporizer can be brought on line quickly, and can utilize sea water and other fluids as the heating medium.

Abstract: A turbine engine has a circumferential array of combustion chamber conduits downstream of the compressor and upstream of the turbine. Means are provided for directing oxygen-containing gas from the compressor to the conduits so as to cyclically feed a gas charge into each conduit through its first port and permit discharge of combustion products of the charge and fuel through both the first and second ports.

Abstract: An improved NOX control for an internal combustion engine having an exhaust system with a NOX storage catalyst (105) includes a gas composition sensor (110) upstream of the NOX catalyst. Whether the NOX catalyst is storing NOX onto the catalyst or purging NOX from the catalyst is estimated from the signal output from the gas composition sensor. The composition of exhaust gasses input to the catalyst is also estimated using variables like engine load, engine speed, engine temperature and space velocity of the exhaust gases. This enables the NOX flow rate input to the catalyst and the aggregate quantity of NOX stored on the catalyst to be estimated.

Abstract: In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, a device for generating hydrogen from a water vapor containing exhaust is provided. The device comprises an exhaust diverter and a hydrogen generation section. The exhaust diverter is configured to divert a portion of the exhaust to the hydrogen generation section. The hydrogen generation section comprises an electrolysis unit defining a hermetically sealed void volume configured to accumulate and store hydrogen. The exhaust diverter may be placed in communication with a heat exchanger configured to increase a fractional relative humidity of the diverted exhaust by cooling the diverted exhaust. In accordance with 37 CFR 1.72(b), the purpose of this abstract is to enable the United States Patent and Trademark Office and the public generally to determine quickly from a cursory inspection the nature and gist of the technical disclosure. The abstract will not be used for interpreting the scope of the claims.

Abstract: For the regeneration of an NOx storage catalyst by means of hydrogen in a secondary hydrogen process, the hydrogen required for the regeneration is taken from a primary hydrogen process.

Abstract: A combustion condition for each of plural cylinders included in an internal combustion engine is set by the following control that is performed according to an intake air amount in each of the plural cylinders. A reference cylinder is set to a cylinder in which the intake air amount is smallest, and a fuel injection amount for the reference cylinder is set to a fuel injection amount for realizing a stoichiometric air-fuel ratio. The air-fuel ratio in each of the cylinders other than the reference cylinder is set according to the intake air amount in each of the cylinders such that the torque equal to reference torque generated in the reference cylinder is generated. When this setting is performed, air-fuel ratios that are out of a predetermined region in the vicinity of the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio (i.e., air-fuel ratios that are in an avoidance region) are excluded.

Abstract: Removal of fine particles by oxidation or/and sulfur poisoning recovery control may be required when an internal combustion engine has been in an extremely low load state for a predetermined period or more. In this case, the engine speed of the internal combustion engine (1) is adjusted to a range where the temperature of a filter (20) can be raised by heat-up control. The heat-up control is then executed by a filter temperature control means to raise the temperature of the filter (20) to a predetermined value. When the filter (20) reaches the predetermined temperature by means of low-temperature combustion, post-injection, VIGOM-injection, addition of 10 fuel to an exhaust system and the like, removal of fine particles by oxidation or/and sulfur poisoning recovery control for eliminating sulfur poisoning of a NOx absorbent are conducted.