Abstract: In one embodiment, a method of reducing NOx contaminant in an exhaust stream includes: introducing diesel fuel and an oxidant to a reformer to produce a reformer effluent comprising hydrogen and nitrogen, introducing the reformer effluent to a non-thermal plasma reactor to produce ammonia, and introducing an exhaust stream and the ammonia to a SCR catalyst, whereby the NOx contaminant reacts with the ammonia.

Abstract: The invention provides a deterioration diagnostic device for diagnosing a degradation condition of an exhaust gas purifier disposed in an exhaust passage in an engine based on a sensor value of an exhaust gas sensor that is disposed downstream of the purifier. The device includes detecting-signal generating unit for generating a detecting-signal having particular frequency components and multiplying the generated signal to a basic fuel injection amount so as to calculate a fuel injection amount and exhaust gas purifier evaluating means for extracting a frequency response corresponding to the detecting-signal from an output of the exhaust gas sensor of the engine, the output being in response to the calculated fuel injection amount, so as to determine a condition of the purifier based on the extracted frequency response.

Abstract: An exhaust gas recirculation system is configured to recirculate a large amount of exhaust gas to an engine intake passage while reducing contamination inside the intake passage caused by the recirculated exhaust gas and prevent damage to the intake passage caused by the heat of the recirculated exhaust gas. A first recirculation path recirculates exhaust gas from an upstream section of the exhaust passage located upstream of a catalytic converter unit. A second recirculation path recirculates exhaust gas from a downstream section of the exhaust passage located downstream of the catalytic converter unit. A control unit is provided that controls the switching of a selector valve between the first and the second recirculation paths based on the temperature of the recirculated exhaust gas.

Abstract: A secondary air pipe is connected on the upstream side from catalyst in an exhaust pipe, and a secondary air pump is provided at an upstream portion of the secondary air pipe. An opening/closing valve for opening/closing the secondary air pipe is provided on the downstream side from the secondary air pump. A pressure sensor for detecting pressure within pipe is provided between the secondary air pump and the opening/closing valve. An ECU calculates a secondary airflow rate based upon difference pressure between both secondary air supply pressure which is detected by the pressure sensor when the opening/closing valve is opened under such a condition that the secondary air pump is operated, and also, shutoff pressure which is detected by the pressure sensor when the opening/closing valve is closed.

Abstract: A particulate trap has a housing and a plurality of filters disposed within the housing. The particulate trap also has a plurality of dividers fluidly isolating one or more of the plurality of filters into filter divisions. The particulate trap has at least one inlet and at least one outlet individually associated with each filter division, and a valve assembly configured to selectively block a flow of exhaust air through each of the inlets.

Abstract: There are disclosed an exhaust emission control system including an internal combustion engine, a filter, and an exhaust pipe, a method of manufacturing a filter suitable for the system, and a method of calculating a pressure loss. The system comprises combustion means for intermittently burning particulate matters arrested by the filter, the filter includes porous partition walls extending from one end face to the other end face thereof, and a large number of through channels partitioned by the partition walls, predetermined through channels are sealed at either of the end faces, and assuming that a partition wall thickness is (X) ?m, and the number of through channels per unit area in a cross section vertical to a longitudinal direction of the through channels is (Y) cells/cm2, X and Y come within a range surrounded by straight lines connecting points A1, B1, C1, and D1 in this order in FIG. 1 in the exhaust emission control system.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purifying system and a method for purifying exhaust gas of combustion engines. The system includes a hollow casing, a converter chamber disposed within the casing, spray nozzles for spraying a scrubbing liquid into the converter chamber for forming a moisture-saturated exhaust gas in order to remove pollutants dispersed in the exhaust gas and purifying the exhaust gas, a cooling container disposed within the casing and defining a cooling jacket enveloping the converter chamber for cooling thereof, a primary circulating reservoir fluidly connected to the converter chamber for receiving the moisture-saturated exhaust gas and separating the purified exhaust gas from a waste liquid and for cleaning the scrubbing liquid from the pollutants dispersed in the waste liquid for reuse, and a secondary circulating reservoir fluidly connected to the primary circulating reservoir for receiving the cleaned scrubbing liquid and supplying the scrubbing liquid to the liquid spray nozzles.

Abstract: There is provided an exhaust pressure-adjusting valve that is brought into a closed position due to a biasing force of a resilient body and is opened against the biasing force of the resilient body due to the exhaust pressure in an exhaust channel, which is raised in response to the closing of a throttle valve, in which valve-opening area is increased or decreased according to the displacement of the resilient body, to thereby adjust the exhaust pressure. The exhaust pressure-adjusting valve has means for changing the growth rate of the valve-opening area, which gradually heightens the growth rate of the valve-opening area with respect to the displacement of the resilient body in a valve-opening direction.

Abstract: A hydraulic drive apparatus in which a hydraulic pressure motor is driven and rotated depending on an operation position entered from an operation lever. An oil pressure control circuit and method which detect pressures of operation oils capable of driving the hydraulic pressure motor to rotate and a pressure of an operation oil supplied from a hydraulic pump to a directional control valve. The oil pressure control circuit varies a set pressure of a main relief valve in a manner that feeds current to an electromagnetic relief valve and varies a set pressure of an electromagnetic relief valve. As a result, the oil pressure control circuit carries out such a control that a pressure of an operation oil received from the hydraulic pump is higher than a pressure of an operation oil for driving and rotating the hydraulic pressure motor by a predetermined pressure.

Abstract: Heat differential power systems and apparatus for powering liquid cooling systems and/or generating electrical power in a data processing system or a telecommunication system are presented. A number of embodiments are presented. In each embodiment a heat differential power system is implemented which utilizes the heat created a heat-generating component such as a microprocessor within the data processing or telecommunications system and the resulting heat differential created with other parts of the system as power to operate the heat differential power system and convert thermal energy into mechanical and/or electrical energy for powering a liquid cooling system, fans, other electrical components, and/or extending the battery life in a portable data processing or telecommunications system.

Abstract: A DCHP unit with a Stirling engine (1), a burner (3) and a supplementary burner (11). Water is heated by exhaust gas from the Stirling engine and from the supplementary burner. If a sensor (18) detects that the water temperature has risen indicating that there is insufficient demand for the heat in the exhaust gas, a fan (15), (20) which normally provides the flow of air to the supplementary burner is operated without firing the burner to generate a flow of cool air to cool the water.

Abstract: A master cylinder suitable for use in a vehicle braking system has an unusual capability to supply quantities of fluid and fluid pressures at its output in differentiated manner in dependence on the braking stage, preventing long transitory stages in the transition between an approach stage and an actual braking stage. The cylinder comprises a cylinder body inside which a first chamber and a second chamber are provided. The first chamber is in operative communication with at least one braking member and houses a first piston. The second chamber, which has larger transverse dimensions than the first chamber, is in operative communication with the first chamber, and houses a second piston. Ducts are provided and put the first chamber and the second chamber into communication during the approach stage. The ducts house a low-pressure valve which is open during the approach stage and closed during the actual braking stage.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of controlling a supercharged internal-combustion engine having at least two cylinders with a combustion cycle during which a cylinder (10) of the engine is in the intake phase with burnt gas scavenging in the vicinity of the top dead center (TDC) thereof while another cylinder is in the exhaust phase in the vicinity of the bottom dead center (BDC) thereof, the cylinders comprising at least one intake means (12) with an intake valve (141, 142, 143, 144) and at least one exhaust means (18) with an exhaust valve (201, 202, 203, 204).

Abstract: The invention relates to an energy storing method and apparatus for use by end-users of energy, such as commercial property owners and operators. The system differs from past systems, insofar as it is not intended to be used by and in connection with energy suppliers, such as large utility and power supply plants and grids. The system preferably relates to the manner in which an end-user of energy can implement energy and costs savings, by using energy storage and time-shifting methods, to control and regulate the consumption of energy in a manner that achieves a cost savings over a period of time.

Abstract: A system for the control of an indirectly heated gas turbine comprising a primary system of controlling the temperature of heated compressed gas entering the expander, and an independent secondary system which includes a safety valve for instantaneous release of heated compressed gas to the atmosphere. The primary system controls system gas temperature and power output by modulating a flow of unheated compressed gas which bypasses the heat exchanger and mixes with the heated gas leaving the heat exchanger to produce a lower temperature gas entering the expander. The secondary system provides a backup means of overspeed prevention, and includes a safety valve to instantly discharge to the atmosphere hot compressed gas upstream of the expander by being responsive to the speed of the turbine. The safety valve includes a frangible membrane clamped between parallel flanges within the ducting, and further includes a dagger assembly for rupturing the membrane.

Abstract: The invention relates to a bulkhead panel for use in a combustion chamber of a gas turbine engine. The bulkhead panel comprises a first side and a second side, a plurality of panel holes extending from the first side to the second side through which cooling air flows, and a circumferential inner rail on said first side dividing said first side into a first cavity region having a plurality of the panel holes and a second cavity region having a plurality of the panel holes. Each of the panel holes has an exit nozzle which is angled so as to create a swirling flow of cooling air over the second side of the panel.

Abstract: In the operation of a turbojet engine of an aircraft, a method of reducing the infrared radiation in the engine's exhaust; comprising: 1) releasing infrared radiation masking material selected from the group consisting of liquid nitrogen, water, and calcined aluminum and combinations thereof into the engine's exhaust so that the infrared radiation in the exhaust is reduced.

Abstract: The invention relates to a pulse detonation engine and a method for initiating detonations in a pulse detonation engine. The pulse detonation engine (1) comprises a combustion chamber (2), an igniting device (3) and a fuel injection device (4) with a plurality of injection valves (5) arranged in the axial direction (20). The injection valves (5) are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the engine for sequence-controlled injection of fuel (6) into the combustion gases (7) remaining from the preceding detonation. This provides a mixture of fuel and free radicals that facilitates the forming of a detonation.

Abstract: The invention relates to an optoelectronic assembly having an optoelectronic or passive optical component and a cooling element for cooling the optoelectronic or passive optical component. According to the invention, the cooling element is a micropeltier cooler, wherein the component is arranged either directly thereon or a carrier substrate is arranged therebetween.

Abstract: A temperature controller for a semiconductor-fabricating tool includes a Peltier element disposed on an outer wall of the semiconductor-fabricating tool, and a battery for providing a current to the Peltier element. The Peltier element a heat-emitting plate for emitting heat by the current provided thereto, and a heat-absorbing plate for absorbing a heat. A first temperature sensor senses a temperature of the Peltier element. A second temperature sensor senses an interior temperature of the semiconductor-fabricating tool. A controller controls an amount of the current provided to the Peltier element in accordance with a temperature of the Peltier element sensed by the first temperature sensor and an interior temperature of the semiconductor-fabricating tool sensed by the second temperature sensor.

Abstract: A defrost refrigeration system of the type having a main refrigeration circuit operating a refrigeration cycle. The defrost refrigeration system comprises a first line extending from the first compressor to the evaporator stage and is adapted to receive a portion of discharged low-pressure refrigerant from the first compressor. Valves are provided for stopping a suction of cooling refrigerant in an evaporator of the evaporator stage and for directing a flow of defrost refrigerant to release heat to defrost the evaporator. A second line is provided for directing the refrigerant having released heat to the expansion stage of the refrigeration cycle. A pressure reducing device is optionally positioned downstream of the condensing stage for adjusting a pressure of the refrigerant in the high-pressure liquid state mixing with the defrost refrigerant having released heat.

Abstract: The automatic ice making device includes ice sensor for detecting ice-making in ice chill tray, heater for heating ice to separate the ice from ice chill tray, motor rotating discharging member for discharging ice from ice chill tray, position detecting switch for detecting rotating position of discharging member, ice storage amount detecting switch for detecting overs and shorts of discharged and stored ice, water supply valve for supplying water to ice chill tray, and controller for controlling electric conduction to heater and motor. When power supply to controller is once interrupted and re-started, ice storage amount detecting switch detects shortage of ice so as to hold motor not to drive until ice sensor detects temperature below a predetermined temperature.

Abstract: An absorption chiller system has an efficient start-up control that monitors system condition, and in particular the absorption solution temperature. The system limits the amount of heat delivered into the absorption chiller generator, to provide a gradual rise in the absorption solution temperature at start-up. In this manner, undesirable noise vibration and rapid thermal expansion, which may have occurred in the past is reduced or eliminated.

Abstract: A condensate overflow prevention assembly prevents condensate overflow in an air cooling system using a fluid level sensor and a pump activated by the fluid level sensor to pump the condensate away from a drainage system when a blockage occurs in the drainage system.

Abstract: A clamp assembly for mounting devices such as a condensate over detection and/or prevention mechanism to a drain pan of an air cooling system includes first and second clamp members that are attachable to each other. The first clamp member includes a first engaging portion that engages a first surface of the drain pan, and the second clamp member includes a second engaging portion that engages a second surface of drain pan. The assembly includes a locking mechanism that locks the first and second clamp members to each other so that the pan is clamped between the first and second clamp members.

Abstract: A battery pack is communicated with a luggage compartment via an outlet such that cooling air that has been heat transferred with a battery is released into the luggage compartment. A ventilation hole is formed in a rear portion of the luggage compartment. An inlet is opened toward the outside of the vehicle. An exhaust fan that discharges the cooling air at the temperature increased through heat transfer with the battery in the battery pack is provided to the front of the ventilation hole.

Abstract: An air-treatment system includes a cooling circuit, a first heat exchanger in thermal communication with the cooling circuit, and a secondary circuit in thermal communication with the first heat exchanger. The air-treatment system also includes a controller in communication with at least one of the cooling circuit, the first heat exchanger, and the secondary circuit. The controller is operable to receive at least one input indicative of a desired ambient condition, operable to receive at least one input indicative of current ambient conditions, operable to receive at least one input indicative of at least one of the cooling circuit operation and secondary circuit operation, and operable to change the operation of at least one of the cooling circuit and the secondary circuit when the current ambient condition is outside of a desired operation condition range.

Abstract: A multi-band air curtain forms a separation barrier at an interface between a first environment having a fluid at a first condition and a second environment having a fluid at a second condition. A first stream (55) of a fluid is directed along a first path (45) generally parallel to the interface between the first environment and the second environment. A second stream (65) of fluid is directed along a second path (75) generally outwardly at an angle of divergence with the first path (45). A third stream (65) of a fluid is directed along a third path (95) between the first path (45) and the second path (75) at a first interior angle with said first path (45) and at a second interior angle with said second path (75).

Abstract: In some embodiments, a cooling device may be mounted to a portion of a chassis of an electronic system, wherein the cooling device may be releasably and pivotably attached to the chassis in at least an open position to permit access to components within the electronic system and a closed position to permit installation of a cover on the chassis. Other embodiments are disclosed and claimed.

Abstract: A mounting arrangement for an automobile heating core includes a dash panel defining a boundary between a passenger compartment and an engine compartment. The heater core is positioned in the passenger compartment. An inlet pipe extends between the dash panel and the heating core and delivers fluid to the heating core. An outlet pipe extends between the heating core and the dash panel and delivers fluid away from the heating core. A fluid collection member is positioned in the passenger compartment and arranged to collect fluid leaking from the inlet and outlet pipes.

Abstract: A device for use with a refrigeration case (104) having a defrost cycle comprising at least one intake (154, 156, 158) for receiving a cleaning agent (155), a rising agent, and a sanitizing agent (159), at least one fluid outlet (140) disposable in the refrigeration case and being in fluid communication with the at least one intake, and wherein transfer of the agents from the at least one intake to the at least one fluid outlet is dependent on the defrost cycle of the refrigeration case and the order of the release of the agents is the cleaning agent, the rinsing agent, and the sanitizing agent.

Abstract: A refrigeration unit using ammonia aimed to reduce the amount of charged ammonia, and to establish a measure to render leaked ammonia gas harmless, is provided. The ammonia chiller unit comprises a compressor, a compressor driving motor, an evaporation type condenser, an expansion valve, an evaporator to perform refrigerating cycle using ammonia as a refrigerant. The unit is composed of a lower construction body comprising a compressor, a motor for driving the compressor, a control board, a brine cooler to function as an evaporator, a brine pump, a water tank, a sprinkler pump, etc., and an upper construction body comprising a drain pan and an evaporation type condenser located above the drain pan. The evaporation type condenser is composed of a multitubular heat exchanger having at both end sides an inlet and outlet headers, ammonia refrigerant flowing in one direction, and the multitubular heat exchanger is incline downward from the inlet side toward the evaporator.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a switching device for a display unit installed to a door for a refrigerator. In the present invention, the display unit 29 is installed on a front surface of the refrigerator door 25. A power switch 37 for applying power to the display unit 29 is provided on a lateral surface of a hinge plate 38 of a hinge assembly 35 by which the door 25 can be pivotally installed to a main body 21 of the refrigerator, and a connector 39 is also provided on a rear surface of the hinge plate 38. The power switch 37 and the connector 39 are connected to the display unit 29 by means of lead wires W1 and W2.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a drainage structure for a refrigerator equipped with an integrated product. In the present invention, a mounting space 31 is provided on a portion on a front surface of a refrigerator door 23 to mount a TV 40 into the mounting space. Further, a plurality of recesses 32 are depressed into a part of an inner surface 31i of the mounting space 31. The recesses 32 serve to prevent water drops from flowing downward along the inner surface 31i. A plurality of valleys 33 are further formed on the inner surface 31i on which the recesses 32 are formed. The valleys 33 are formed to have an irregular shape, and serve to reduce the size of water drops. According to the present invention so configured, moisture formed in a space into which the integrated product is mounted can be evaporated and discharged to the outside due to heat generated from the integrated product when it is operated.

Abstract: A drive device of an automatic ice machine turns over an ice tray in which ice has been made. This is done to separate the ice. The drive device includes a motor, a first output shaft and a second output shaft having positional relation of mutually crossing, and a reduction gear for reducing rotation of the motor and transmitting respectively different driving forces to the first output shaft and the second output shaft. The second output shaft crushes ice, and the first output shaft separates ice from the ice tray. In this manner the ice is made rocky without roundness.

Abstract: A method for actuating a dispensing system, wherein the system includes a dispenser cavity and a dispenser is provided.

Abstract: A refrigerator which includes a main body having a freezing compartment and a refrigerating compartment, an evaporating unit provided in the main body, and a first duct and a second duct in communication with the evaporating unit to guide cooling air generated from the evaporating unit to the freezing compartment and the refrigerating compartment of the main body, respectively, wherein the second duct is provided around a edge of a rear of the refrigerating compartment of the main body and having a cooling air supply hole to supply the cooling air to the refrigerating compartment. Thus, according to the present invention, the cooling air is supplied from the edge of the rear of the refrigerating compartment, thereby providing the duct of a simple structure and facilitating a refrigerating efficiency.

Abstract: A system and method are disclosed for enhancing airflow through a vertically oriented spiral freezer or oven stack used for freezing or heating food product. At least one high-static fan assembly is mounted above a spiral stack assembly of the system to accelerate and direct air vertically through the spiral stack assembly. Air is directed through a heat exchanger via at least one circulation fan, cooling or heating the air via the heat exchanger. The cooled or heated air is vertically accelerated through the vertically oriented spiral stack assembly via at least one high-static fan assembly mounted above the spiral stack assembly. A method is also disclosed to retrofit a system having a vertically oriented spiral freezer or oven stack to enhance airflow through the stack.

Abstract: An internal temperature difference preventing structure for a refrigerator, including an evaporator installed in an upper portion of a refrigerating space inside a main body of the refrigerator, an air blast fan installed in front of the evaporator for blowing air toward a rear part of the evaporator, a discharge duct, including a discharge port downwardly extended from the rear part thereof, for guiding cool air, generated by the evaporator and the air blast fan, from a front part of the upper portion inside the main body to a rear part of the upper portion inside the main body, and a discharge guide portion for guiding the cool air, guided by the discharge duct to the rear part of the upper portion inside the main body, to the discharge port.

Abstract: An object is to provide a low-temperature storage capable of further dividing a medium storage chamber divided by a medium partition into upper/lower small sections (small storage chambers) by adding of an optional component and changing of an inner door, and the storage comprising; a thermal insulation box main body having an opening in a front surface thereof; a thermal insulating.

Abstract: An object is to provide a low-temperature storage cooled/maintained in an ultra low temperature range, in which door lowering is automatically modified (corrected) by an opening/closing operation of a thermal insulating door, and a concave/convex portion which is a contact portion with respect to a door switch disposed on the door can be secured, and there is provided a low-temperature storage comprising: a thermal insulation box main body having an opening in a front surface thereof; a thermal insulating door openably/closably attached to the thermal insulation box main body by a plurality of hinges to close the opening; and a cooling device which cools a storage chamber formed by the door and the main body, wherein a spacer having a guide surface to forcibly correct door lowering by a closing operation of the thermal insulating door is disposed on a side on which any hinge is not disposed.

Abstract: A refrigerant cycle system in which the arrangement of a connecting pipe for connection between a compressor and an accumulator is improved effectively to recover oil collected in the accumulator to the compressor. The accumulator is installed to be separate from the compressor. A connecting pipe is arranged between the compressor and the accumulator to feed a refrigerant gas separated in the accumulator to the compressor. An oil recovery hole is provided at an inlet portion of the connecting pipe received in the accumulator such that it is arranged at a level higher than a highest level portion of the connecting pipe located outside of the accumulator. A second accumulator may be connected between the connecting pipe and the compressor while being directly installed at the compressor. In this case, the connecting pipe has an outlet portion connected to the second accumulator.

Abstract: A constant temperature refrigeration system for extensive temperature range application comprising a refrigerator, a low-temperature heat exchanger, a medium-temperature heat exchanger, a high-temperature heat exchanger, a pump, a first solenoid valve, a second solenoid valve, a third solenoid valve, a temperature sensor, a power regulator, a controller and a plurality of heaters, the temperature sensor is utilized for determining the working fluid temperature and compare the actual input temperature, the actual output temperature and the predetermined temperature, and the controller is utilized for switching the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve and the third solenoid valve for conveying the fluid to flow through various heat exchangers so that the working fluid is heated or cooled, with the result being that the working fluid temperature outputted is to reach the predetermined temperature, so as to acquire the working fluid having the exactly and precisely predetermined low temperature (?40° C

Abstract: The evaporator for a refrigeration device includes a hydrophobic coating on the surface thereof to inhibit the icing of the evaporator during operation and to reduce the generation of noises arising from relative displacements between the evaporator and the ice attached thereto. The evaporator is a lamellar evaporator and has a pipeline through which a refrigerant flows and a surface in thermally conductive contact with the pipeline. The surface is a heat-exchange surface and has a hydrophobic layer of oil thereon.

Abstract: A cryogenic air separation system for producing elevated pressure nitrogen wherein a portion of the nitrogen product fed to the product compressor downstream of the primary heat exchanger is withdrawn as refrigerant nitrogen from the product compressor, preferably from an intermediate point of the product compressor, and turboexpanded to generate refrigeration for the system.

Abstract: A neck adornment includes a tape includes a rope and a plastic wicker coiled around the rope to form a series of teeth on one side of the rope. At least two sutures are stitched on two opposite sides of the tape to combine the coiled plastic wicker and the rope. A slide is moved relative to the two opposite ends of the tape for forming a circle, and the teethed side of the tape is situated in the inner periphery of the circle and engaged/disengaged to each other when the slide is slid on the circled tape. A connector is securely connected to the two opposite ends of the circled tape to prevent the slide from detaching from the circled tape.

Abstract: A pedigree jewelry pendant apparatus for representing a genetic make-up of a family and being capable of representing a family with multiple children and/or multiple generations is provided. In one embodiment, a pedigree jewelry pendant apparatus comprises a first horizontal jewelry pendant member representing a first generation of a family and having a first end and a second end to couple to a piece of jewelry which represents at least one member in the first generation of the family; a second horizontal jewelry pendant member representing a second generation of the family and having at least one end to couple to a piece of jewelry which represents at least one member in the second generation of the family; and a vertical jewelry pendant member connecting to both the first and second horizontal jewelry pendant members.

Abstract: A jewelry assembly has a receiving segment having a first and second end, and a removable segment having a first and second end. The first and second ends of the receiving segment each have a magnetically attracted surface. The first end and the second end of the removable segment each have a magnetically attracted surface. The first and second ends of the receiving segment are removably joined to the respective first and second ends of the removable segment by the magnetically attracted surfaces.

Abstract: In a device for melting precrushed material and/or dusts such as, e.g., furnace dusts or steel dusts, marl and lime dust mixtures, shredder light fractions and/or crushed waste substances, in which the material and/or dusts are injected into a combustion chamber along with a carrier gas, the dusts and/or are introduced axially, and the carrier gas is introduced tangentially, into a cyclone 3. The cyclone 3 is connected with a combustion chamber (8) via a substantially axially directed discharge opening (9).

Abstract: A method for controlling at least one process parameter while processing a molten glass is provided. The method includes: measuring an electrical resistance of the molten glass to obtain an electrical resistance measurement; and adjusting at least one process parameter based on the electrical resistance measurement.