Abstract: The backflow prevention valve comprises various embodiments for installation in a liquid conduit for the prevention of reverse flow therethrough. The valve is particularly well suited for installation in a fire hydrant, where it prevents the illicit backflushing of the water system with contaminants. The valve may be constructed for use with either dry barrel hydrants, i.e., where the water is drained from the hydrant when the water is shut off, or wet barrel hydrants, where water remains in the hydrant body at all times. The valve may be constructed with a cylindrical body or with a thinner ring for the body, depending upon the installation desired. Each embodiment includes a series of generally triangular leaves hinged about the inner circumference of the valve body, which close against the central control rod or against one another at their apices when water is not flowing therethrough.

Abstract: A hose storage gear with delivery function having a first joint in a reel spool to couple to a adapter to access to a liquid source; liquid being guided from a first leading duct into a second leading duct where another adapter and hose being connected to a second joint in the second leading duct to deliver the liquid.

Abstract: A valve assembly may include a main housing and first and second electro-statically actuated valves. The main housing may define at least three chambers, with a first chamber configured to be coupled to a high pressure supply port, a second chamber configured to be coupled to an output port, and a third chamber configured to be coupled to a low pressure exhaust port. The first electro-statically actuated valve may be provided between the first and second chambers, and the first electro-statically actuated valve may allow or substantially block fluid communication between the first chamber and the second chamber responsive to a first electrical signal. The second electro-statically actuated valve may be provided between the second and third chambers, and the second electro-statically actuated valve may allow or substantially block fluid communication between the second chamber and the third chamber responsive to a second electrical signal. Related methods are also discussed.

Abstract: A novel check valve for an exhaust device is formed from a thin flexible plate. A plurality of flaps is formed in the thin flexible plate. The flaps are arranged in a vertical manner to form at least one column of flaps. A stopper is coupled to a back side of the thin flexible plate. The stopper prevents the plurality of flaps from moving towards the stopper.

Abstract: Valves and valve plates are presented along with fabrication methods therefor, in which a seal is integrated with the valve or valve plate for sealing the valve or valve plate with a mating component without the use of a secondary sealing gasket.

Abstract: A reservoir tank for a vehicle brake system has a tank body including upper and lower shells joined together along mating surfaces. A float and a fluid level sensor are mounted in a fluid level detecting chamber defined in the tank body. The float is fitted on a shaft of the fluid level sensor. A partition plate is fitted in the lower shell to restrict a flow of hydraulic fluid into and out of the fluid level detecting chamber. The partition plate is disposed near the top end of the shaft of the fluid level sensor to restrict the distance by which the float can move vertically. A filter, the fluid level sensor and the partition plate are all set in the lower shell. The filter and the partition plate having their top ends pressed against the bottom ends of partitioning walls of the upper shell. Thus, the filter and the partition wall are held in position in the tank body between the upper and lower shells.

Abstract: A fuel tank unit may comprise a fuel tank, a fuel pump, and a pad. The fuel pump may be attached to the bottom of the inside of the fuel tank. The pad is preferably positioned between the fuel tank and the fuel pump. The pad may be made of resin material. The fuel tank may have a flat box shaped exterior. The fuel tank may have at least a portion of the top circumferential edge of the outside beveled. The fuel tank has a lid located in the beveled region. The fuel pump may be located substantially at the center of the inside bottom of the fuel tank.

Abstract: A valve chip may include a substrate having first and second faces and openings between the first and second faces, and a plurality of flexible valve flaps on one of the faces of the substrate with each flexible valve flap being associated with at least one of the openings. The valve chip may be packaged by forming a frame having an opening therein, and securing the valve chip in the opening of the frame. More particularly, the valve chip may be secured in the opening so that central portions of the first and second faces of the substrate are exposed through the opening in the frame and so that a fluid seal is provided between the frame and edges of the substrate. Related valves, valve assemblies, and methods are also discussed.

Abstract: A control valve includes a housing, two sealing gaskets, a shaft, a protective jacket, a fixed plate, a movable plate, a sleeve, a pressure balance unit, and an urging screwing member. Thus, the movable plate is rotated by operation of the shaft without producing deviation or loose displacement so as to balance the water pressure and control the water output and temperature exactly. In addition, the movable plate is driven by the shaft to rotate relative to the fixed plate without producing friction and wear between the movable plate and the fixed plate, thereby enhancing the lifetime of the control valve.

Abstract: An air tap assembly includes a mounting seat, a connecting member, a stop member, and an end cap. Thus, the stop plate of the stop member prevents the air from flowing back into the vent holes of the second pivot portion of the connecting member, so that the air tap assembly has an anti-reverse effect to prevents the air from flowing back into the air cushion, thereby facilitating a user folding the air cushion.

Abstract: An air tap assembly includes a mounting seat, a connecting member, a stop member, and an end cap. Thus, the stop plate of the stop member prevents the air in the air cushion from leaking outward through the vent holes of the connecting member, so that the air tap assembly has an anti-reverse effect to prevent the air from leaking outward from the air cushion during the inflating process, thereby facilitating a user inflating the air cushion.

Abstract: A flow rate controller for controlling the flow of a medium, includes an incoming channel, a measuring chamber, a running flow channel connecting the incoming channel and the measuring chamber, a control valve acting in the running flow channel, and an outflow channel for the controlled flow. A necessary flow channel leads from the incoming channel to the measuring chamber. There is a flow adjusting in the necessary flow channel. A service flow channel leads from the necessary flow channel to the outflow channel. In addition, the flow rate includes comprises control elements for leading the flow from the necessary flow channel selectively into the measuring chamber and service flow channel, respectively.

Abstract: A fluid control valve for the mixing of hot and cold water and delivery at a selected flow rate is described wherein an upper housing and lower housing are clamped together by a snap-fit connection thereby enclosing other fluid control valve component parts. A ball stem is manually movable in two separate and independent directions of motion. There is frictional loading on the ball stem such that movement in one direction to control the water temperature has a frictional loading that is higher than the frictional loading in the other direction to control the flow rate. A spring-biased guide pin is used to increase the frictional loading in the one direction.

Abstract: A pressure control valve is provided, in particular an electromagnetic pressure control valve, with a magnetic component which has at least one electrical coil and a relocatably supported armature at least partially within the coil. Furthermore, a valve component is provided which comprises a supply, a runback, a load connection and a valve element, in which the valve element in turn has a gate valve and a globe valve.

Abstract: An air tap assembly includes a mounting seat, a gasket, a connecting member, and an end cap. Thus, the sealing portion of the first mounting cap of the connecting member is rested on the gasket to interrupt the connection between the vent holes of the first mounting cap of the connecting member and the passage of the mounting seat, thereby preventing the air contained in the air cushion from leaking outward from the air tap assembly, so that the air tap assembly has an anti-reverse effect to prevent the air from leaking outward from the air cushion, thereby facilitating a user inflating the air cushion.

Abstract: A low-flow diaphragm valve is disclosed having a flexible diaphragm that cooperates with a portion of the valve body to open and close the valve. The diaphragm may have a dome for seating in a passage between the inlet and outlet of the valve, and the passage may be surrounded by an annular ridge for contacting the dome. The diaphragm may have one or more ribs for seating against other portions of the body located around the passage. The valve body may include openings or interruptions to permit fluid to flow through the valve, as well as to permit relatively small particulate matter to flow through. The diaphragm may have a first open position and/or a second open position such that the ribs and openings may perform screening functions to block or restrict particulate matter of relatively large size from flowing to the passage between the dome and the valve body.

Abstract: A control valve (18) for a device (1) to modify the timing of an internal combustion engine is provided. Here, a controlled rotation of the camshaft in reference to the crankshaft can be achieved via a hydraulic adjustment drive. A control valve (18) with operative connectors (A, B), a hydraulic connector (P), and at least one reservoir connector (T, T1, T2) controls the inflow of hydraulic fluid into and/or the outflow of hydraulic fluid out of the hydraulic adjustment drive. A filter (46) is arranged between the hydraulic connector (P) and the operative connectors (A, B).

Abstract: A water saving faucet valve includes an elongated body having inlet and outlet ends, and high and low pressure chambers interconnected by a coaxial flow channel. A valve stem is slidably retained in the flow channel to move between a lowered position, in which water is prevented from flowing through the valve, and a raised position, in which water is permitted to flow through the valve. The valve stem is raised and lowered by movement of a cam on a shaft that is rotated by movement of an elongated actuation arm, such that the valve can be fully actuated by a slight pressure applied to the arm, and automatically shuts off when the pressure is removed. The valve includes apparatus for coupling it to the outlet of a conventional standard faucet, and may include apparatus for aerating the water flowing through it.

Abstract: A one-way valve apparatus for use in draining fluid from a patient comprises a housing having an inlet end, an outlet end and a valve-receiving chamber therebetween. A valve is positioned in the chamber. The valve has an inlet end, an outlet end and a fluid pathway extending therebetween. The valve is made up of first and second generally flat elongated members joined along respective longitudinal edges. The valve inlet end is engaged with the housing inlet end to comprise an open end for receiving fluid to be drained. The valve outlet end is in a normally closed position. The valve is adapted to partially open to permit drainage of fluid received through the pathway, and to return to the normally closed position upon drainage of the fluid. The valve outlet end communicates with the housing outlet end such that the drained fluid passes from the valve outlet end through the housing outlet end.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of delivering a fine particle dispersion in the state of laminar flow from an inlet port to an outlet port of a microflow channel having the inlet port and the outlet port, the fine particle dispersion containing fine particles having a volume average particle size of from about 1.5 ?m to about 1000 ?m dispersed in its liquid medium, the specific gravity of the fine particles being from approximately 0.10 to 0.99 times that of the liquid medium, wherein the microflow channel is disposed such that the outlet port is disposed above the inlet port in the buoyant force direction, and the angle of the flow channel from the inlet port to the outlet port is set to from approximately 0 to 45° relative to the buoyant force direction, and wherein the fine particle dispersion is introduced into the inlet port and the introduced fine particle dispersion is delivered to the outlet port. Also disclosed is a device for delivering the fine particle dispersion.

Abstract: A flexible, kink resistant, fluid transfer hose construction that employs a flexible and abrasion-resistant protective jacket is provided. The protective jacket demonstrates the necessary mechanical properties to be included under a crimped sleeve or collar of a hose coupling, thereby increasing the useful life of the hose by, for example, preventing damaging chemicals from accessing underlying layers at each end of the hose construction.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for improving the operation of sewer systems includes a first sewer pipe connected to a source of other water and a second smaller diameter sewer pipe passing through the first sewer pipe and connected to sources of sanitary effluent. The second sewer pipe can be attached to the interior surfaces of the first sewer line by a curable adhesive material using a removable inflatable bladder to hold the second sewer pipe in position until the adhesive has cured sufficiently. As an alternative, positioning walls or arms, integral with the second pipe, form positioning spaces filled with a slurry material to hold the second sewer pipe in position. The slurry will harden in place to form an integral unit with the second pipe and the positioning walls or arms.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for making flexible tube skirts comprising a step of making a cylindrical sleeve from a planar web including several plastic or metal layers followed by a step whereby said cylindrical sleeve is cut out to the desired length to obtain said skirts. It comprises a step prior to the step of making the cylindrical sleeve, wherein the web is subjected to a plastic deformation resulting in its being thinned by at least 0.5% or in producing a raised surface whereof the amplitude ranges at least between 1/30 and 5 times the thickness. The web is for instance passed through the air-gap between two substantially parallel rolls. Typically, the rolls exert on the web a force ranging between 2.5 and 500 newtons per millimetre of web width.

Abstract: The invention relates to an umbilical comprising at least two elongated elements chosen from a group consisting of steel tubes (1,2), electrical cables (4), optical fiber cables (3), and combinations thereof arranged side by side within a common outer sheath (5) along the length of the umbilical, where the interstices between the elongated elements (2,3,4) and the elongated elements (2,3,4) and the common sheath (5) are filled with a fluid filling material (6), which tempers to a higher viscosity after complete filling and adheres to the outer surface of the elements (2,3,4) and the inner surface of the common sheath (5).

Abstract: Embodiments disclosed herein relate to a method of and loom for teaching Braille by weaving with a loom, wherein the levers to move the harnesses are shaped and spaced like the levers on a Perkins Brailler (a Braille typewriter).

Abstract: A warp let-off device for a loom includes a drive unit having a rotational drive source and a transmission which transmits rotation of the drive source to a warp beam, the drive unit rotating the warp beam in an unwinding direction while applying a braking force against a warp tension to the warp beam; and a brake unit which applies a braking force to the warp beam separately from the braking force applied by the drive unit.

Abstract: Paper machine clothing, such as a forming fabric formed by a large number of repeating units, wherein each repeat unit includes a paper-side woven structure having paper-side warp and weft threads and a machine-side woven structure having machine-side warp and weft threads, such that the paper side and the machine side woven structures are connected to each other by binding threads, and each repeat unit being formed by at least 26 warp threads and the paper machine clothing having a total thickness of 0.78 mm and less. The instant abstract is neither intended to define the invention disclosed in this specification nor intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.

Abstract: This invention provides a surface fastener formed of a warp backed woven fabric comprised of a front base fabric and a rear base fabric, an engaging element yarn for forming an engaging element being woven into one or both of the front and rear base fabrics, an engaging portion being formed so that the engaging element projects on the surface of the front base fabric, a warp yarn on a non-engaging portion at a selvage portion is woven by leno weaving structure so that fluffy phenomenon is prevented from being generated on the surface of the non-engaging portion.

Abstract: A substrate including a plurality of monofilaments, or a combination of monofilaments and multi-filament yarns oriented in perpendicular directions, has a tendency to curl around a central space. When all monofilaments are used, the monofilaments along one direction may have a larger diameter than the monofilaments along the other direction. The monofilaments are woven such that the larger diameter monofilaments form floats predominantly on one side of the substrate. For the monofilament-multifilament combination the monofilaments form floats predominantly on one side of the substrate. The substrate curls about an axis parallel to the monofilaments forming the floats. The side having the floats faces outwardly away from the central space. Preferably, the monofilaments are oriented in the warp direction along the substrate. The filaments may be woven in a herringbone twill weave, a double cloth herringbone twill weave or a satin weave to provide the floats.

Abstract: Paper machine clothing that includes interwoven warp threads and weft threads forming a weaving pattern composed of repeat units having at least 26 warp threads. The weaving pattern, one of on its own or in combination, is formed by at least one of: at least one basic textile weave, at least one derivative of a basic textile weave, and at least one extension of a basic textile weave. The instant abstract is neither intended to define the invention disclosed in this specification nor intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.

Abstract: Paper machine clothing including paper side woven structure and machine side woven structure having a plurality of binding threads woven to form of a plurality of covering binding points with paper side woven structure, and to form a plurality of supporting binding points with machine side woven structure. Covering binding points and supporting binding points can be arranged by lining up plurality of covering binding point repeat units and plurality of supporting binding point repeat units in a row. In at least one of each covering binding point repeat unit and each supporting binding point repeat unit, at least one of supporting binding points and covering binding points are irregularly arranged in relation to the other supporting binding points and covering binding points. The instant abstract is neither intended to define the invention disclosed in this specification nor intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.

Abstract: An adhesive liquid dispensing apparatus includes a gun manifold, a dispensing module, and a dispensing orifice. The inlet port of the gun manifold is directly coupled with a reservoir of adhesive hot melt liquid that is fixedly attached to the manifold. The contents of the reservoir are under pressure so that the adhesive hot melt liquid is dispensed from the adhesive liquid dispensing apparatus without the need for heated supply hoses to connect the inlet port of the manifold to a remote source of adhesive hot melt liquid. Preferably, the adhesive liquid dispensing system is coupled with a robot that controls the positioning of the system during an adhesive liquid dispensing operation.

Abstract: Systems and methods for preserving a perishable material sensitive to oxygen and bacterial spoilage are taught. The systems in some embodiments comprise a pressurized source of a first gas other than oxygen and a container for the perishable material, the container having a sealable lid, a passage including a one-way valve through the lid connected by a gas conduit to the pressurized source, and a mechanism for venting the container. In various embodiments oxygen exposure to the perishable material in the container is diluted by at least one cycle of pressurizing the container with the first gas other than oxygen, and then venting the container. In some embodiments oxygen dilution is by vacuum.

Abstract: A fuel filling apparatus is provided. The fuel filling apparatus comprises an overfilling protective valve arranged in a fuel gas supply path for supplying a fuel gas to an automobile. The overfilling protective valve further comprises a fuel gas path, a valve unit for opening and closing the fuel gas path by a valve body, a valve body displacement means for displacing the valve body according to a filling pressure of the fuel gas, and a temperature modulating unit for modulating a temperature of the valve body displacement means. Even though a difference between the temperature of the fuel gas and the operation temperature of the overfilling protective valve is large, the temperature of the valve body displacement means can be maintained within the preset temperature range by the temperature modulating unit and the overfilling protective valve can be exactly operated under the preset pressure.

Abstract: It is intended to provide a processing method for producing beer-like low-alcoholic beverage by using usual beer and/or low-malt beer without using any special systems other than those commonly employed in producing beer. Beer and/or low-malt beer obtained by the process commonly employed in producing beer are diluted with carbonated water to lower the alcoholic concentration to less than 1%. After adding additives capable of imparting visual and tasty characteristics thereto, beer-like low-alcoholic beverage can be obtained.

Abstract: A heavy flywheel disc having a radially spaced apart array of pockets in which are mounted knives. Short logs, which have been de-barked, are fed in with their long axis parallel to the face of the flywheel. A hydraulic ram translates the logs sideways into the plane containing the rotating knives. The use of the hydraulic ram provides for a variable infeed speed to obtain the particular thickness of shavings which provides in the end commercially desirable shavings for use, for example, in horse stables. The knives have notched cutting edges. The notches limit the width of each shaving to create strands which are for example ¾ inches wide. The strands are then chopped in an automated chopping device such as a forage harvester to produce shavings.

Abstract: A rare-earth-iron-boron based alloy powder, in which a heavy rare-earth element such as Dy is present at a higher concentration in a main phase than in a grain boundary phase and which can be sintered easily, and a method of making such an alloy powder are provided. A rare-earth-iron-boron based magnet alloy according to the present invention includes, as a main phase, a plurality of R2Fe14B type crystals (where R is at least one element selected from the group consisting of the rare-earth elements and yttrium) in which rare-earth-rich phases are dispersed. The main phase includes Dy and/or Tb at a higher concentration than a grain boundary phase does.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present invention are directed to methods for manufacturing complex, anisotropic materials with desirable properties for information storage, processing, and display. Certain of these methods involve employing a magnetic field during manufacture to induce desired orientations of precursors, subunits, and/or molecular subassemblies. The applied magnetic field steers the precursors, subunits, and/or molecular subassemblies into desirable orientations while the precursors, subunits, and/or molecular subassemblies are assembled or self-assemble into a complex, anisotropic material. One embodiment of the present invention is a class of new, complex, well-ordered, network-like materials that include a ferromagnetic-material-based framework in which organic and/or organometallic compounds are organized.

Abstract: A method for refining the grain size of alloys which undergo ferromagnetic to paramagnetic phase transformation and an alloy produced therefrom. By subjecting the alloy to a timed application of a strong magnetic field, the temperature of phase boundaries can be shifted enabling phase transformations at lower temperatures.

Abstract: A method for measuring and displaying the flatness of a rolled steel sheet is disclosed that includes the steps of measuring tension in the sheet at a plurality of locations on the surface of the sheet and determining a plurality of tension ranges into which the sensed tension level can fall. A color is associated with each of the tension ranges, and a representation of the sheet is produced that is made up of a plurality of regions, each region having a color corresponding to tension range into which the tension sensed at the corresponding location on the surface of the sheet falls. A device for carrying out this method is also disclosed.

Abstract: Various inexpensive rolling elements for use under high interface pressure such as induction hardened gears are provided, which have improved seizure resistance at tooth flanks and a temper hardness of HRC 50 or more at 300° C. To this end, a rolling element is made from a steel material which contains at least 0.5 to 1.5 wt % carbon and 0.2 to 2.0 wt % one or more alloy elements selected from V, Ti, Zr, Nb, Ta and Hf; and in which 0.4 to 4.0% by volume one or more compounds selected from the carbides, nitrides and carbonitrides of the above alloy elements and having an average particle diameter of 0.2 to 5 ?m are dispersed. In such a rolling element, the soluble carbon concentration of a martensite parent phase of a rolling contact surface layer is adjusted to 0.3 to 0.8 wt %, the martensite parent phase having been subjected to induction hardening and low temperature tempering, and one or more of the above carbides, nitrides and carbonitrides are dispersed in an amount of 0.4 to 4.

Abstract: A steel for steel pipes which comprises, on the percent by mass basis, C: 0.2 to 0.7%, Si: 0.01 to 0.8%, Mn: 0.1 to 1.5%, S: 0.005% or less, P: 0.03% or less, Al: 0.0005 to 0.1%, Ti: 0.005 to 0.05%, Ca: 0.0004 to 0.005%, N: 0.007% or less, Cr: 0.1 to 1.5%, Mo: 0.2 to 1.0%, Nb: 0 to 0.1%, Zr: 0 to 0.1%, V: 0 to 0.5% and B: 0 to 0.005%, with the balance being Fe and impurities, in which non-metallic inclusions containing Ca, Al, Ti, N, O, and S are present, and in the said inclusions (Ca %)/(Al %) is 0.55 to 1.72, and (Ca %)/(Ti %) is 0.7 to 19 can be used as a raw material for oil country tubular goods, being used at a greater depth and in severer corrosive circumstances, such as casings and tubings for oil and/or natural gas wells, drilling pipes and drilling collars for excavation, and the like.

Abstract: A method for producing reinforced titanium alloy wire, comprising forming a billet of titanium alloy with grains of a precipitated discontinuous reinforcement material such as TiB and/or TiC. The billet may be formed by the hot consolidation of a titanium alloy powder formed by gas atomization. The billet is then hot formed to reduce it to rod or coil form. The rod or coil is then subjected to successive cold drawing operations to form a reinforced titanium alloy wire of reduced diameter. The cold drawing includes periodic annealing operations under low oxygen conditions to relieve work hardening and to recrystallize the reinforcement material grains to reduce the size thereof.

Abstract: A method of producing a metal material in which carbon nanofibers are dispersed around metal particles includes: (a) mixing an elastomer which includes an unsaturated bond or a group having affinity to the carbon nanofibers, the metal particles, and the carbon nanofibers, and dispersing the carbon nanofibers by applying a shear force to obtain a carbon fiber composite material; and (b) heat-treating the carbon fiber composite material to vaporize the elastomer in the carbon fiber composite material.

Abstract: A process for making Al—Zn—Mg alloy products, and products formed according to such processes are disclosed. The present invention provides a product having an improved compromise between mechanical characteristics and corrosion strength.

Abstract: A system for annealing brass ammunition casings uses induction heating. Casings are continuously fed in series through a rotating tube within a solenoid induction coil.

Abstract: The subject of this invention relates to method carburizing of steel products, mainly parts of machines, vehicles and every mechanical apparatus, in vacuum furnaces under reduced pressure and elevated temperature. The method of under-pressure carburizing of steel workpieces according to present invention relates to introduction of active nitrogen carrier during heating up of the load. Introduction of the active nitrogen carrier is terminated when the load reaches temperature required to start carburizing process; from this temperature the carbon carrier is added. Pressure in the furnace chamber during continuous or pulse introduction of the active nitrogen carrier should be maintained within the ranges from 1 to 500 mbar.

Abstract: The present invention provides a high-strength steel for welded structures excellent in strength at a high temperature of a temperature range of 600° C. to 800° C. and a method of production of the same, in particular 490 MPa class high-strength steel for welded structures excellent in high temperature strength containing C: 0.005% to less than 0.040%, Si: 0.5% or less, Mn: 0.1 to less than 0.5%, P:0.02% or less, S: 0.01% or less, Mo: 0.3 to 1.5%, Nb: 0.03 to 0.15%, Al: 0.06% or less, and N: 0.006% or less and in accordance with need one or more of Cu, Ni, Cr, V, Ti, Ca, REM, and Mg, having a weld crack susceptible formulation PCM defined as PCM=C+Si/30+Mn/20+Cu/20+Ni/60+Cr/20+Mo/15+V/10+5B of 0.15% or less, substantially not containing B, and a remainder Fe and unavoidable impurities, the microstructure being mainly composed of a mixed structure of ferrite and bainite, and the fraction of bainite being 20 to 90%.

Abstract: A method for refurbishing service-degraded gas turbine component can recover the microstructure of the alloy of the gas turbine component, whose material is deteriorated or damaged after its operation, to the extent that is equivalent or more than the characteristic at the time of its manufacture. The method comprises performing a recovery heat treatment, performing a solution heat treatment, and performing an aging heat treatment. The recovery heat treatment heat-treats the component under a predetermined pressure, which is higher than normal pressure, wherein the temperature of the component is increased to a predetermined temperature under the predetermined pressure. The solution heat treatment is processed under reduced pressure or inert gas atmosphere after the recovery heat treatment. The aging heat treatment is processed under reduced pressure or inert gas atmosphere after the recovery heat treatment.

Abstract: This invention is a copper-based alloy for use in connectors, lead frames, switches and relays and the like that has a superior balance of conductivity, tensile strength and workability in bending and method of manufacturing same. The alloy is manufactured by taking an ingot of a copper-based alloy containing Ni, Sn, P and also at least one or more elements selected from a group consisting of Zn, Si, Fe, Co, Mg, Ti, Cr, Zr and Al in a total amount of 0.01-30 wt. % with the remainder being Cu and unavoidable impurities, performing a combination process of cold rolling followed by annealing at least one time and then performing cold rolling at a percent reduction Z that satisfies the following Formula (1): Z<100?10X?Y??(1) [where Z is the percent cold reduction (%), X is the Sn content (wt. %) among the various elements, and Y is the total content (wt. %) of all elements other than Sn and Cu] followed by low-temperature annealing performed at a temperature below the recrystallization temperature.