Abstract: An idle rotational speed controller of an internal combustion engine includes an intake path 8 for sucking air supplied to a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine 1, a throttle valve 11 arranged at the intake path 8 for controlling an intake amount, an auxiliary intake path 12 for communicating the intake path on an upstream side of the throttle valve 11 and the intake path on a downstream side or the throttle valve, and an opening/closing type control valve 13 arranged at the auxiliary intake path 12 for controlling an idling intake amount.

Abstract: An electronic throttle valve system more suitable for use in straddle type vehicles. A straddle type vehicle has an electronic throttle valve system for adjusting the amount of intake air to an internal combustion engine. The electronic throttle valve system includes a throttle valve for adjusting the amount of intake air to the internal combustion engine, an electric motor for actuating the throttle valve, and a control unit for controlling the electric motor. The throttle valve is fixed to a valve shaft. The electric motor is connected to the valve shaft. The valve shaft is provided with a throttle opening sensor on the right end, and a mechanical, throttle valve actuating mechanism on the left end. A throttle cable is engaged with the mechanism, while being coupled to a throttle grip (acceleration controller) provided on a right one of a pair of handlebars.

Abstract: An electronic throttle valve system more suitable for use in straddle type vehicles. A straddle type vehicle has an electronic throttle valve system for adjusting the amount of intake air to an internal combustion engine. The electronic throttle valve system includes a throttle valve, an electric motor and a control unit. A guard mechanism is provided on a valve shaft of the throttle valve. The guard mechanism includes a pulley with which the throttle cable is engaged and a lever pulley which rotates in conjunction with the opening of the pulley. A cushion spring is provided on an edge face of a notched portion of the lever pulley, the edge face generally coming into contact with a protrusion that extends from the valve shaft of the throttle valve.

Abstract: The types of gasolines having different distillation characteristics and various compositions are identified accurately and rapidly. A pulse voltage is applied for a predetermined time to a liquid type identifying sensor heater including a heater and an identifying liquid temperature sensor provided in the vicinity of the heater and an identified gasoline is heated by the heater and the liquid type is identified with a voltage output difference V0 corresponding to a temperature difference between an initial temperature and a peak temperature in the identifying liquid temperature sensor. Furthermore, a gasoline is introduced between electrodes of an alcohol concentration detecting sensor, and a change in a specific inductive capacity of the gasoline between the electrodes is measured with an oscillation frequency thereby detecting an alcohol concentration in the gasoline.

Abstract: To provide an ignition timing controller of an internal combustion engine which prevents poor acceleration due to overcorrection for retard and the occurrence of knocking due to undercorrection for retard regardless of a change in the ratio of fuel injections, the internal combustion engine with an injector (11) for in-cylinder injection and an injector (12) for intake passage injection includes a transitional retard control section for correcting ignition timing for retard to prevent knocking during transitional operation of the engine, wherein a control amount by the transitional retard control section depends on a ratio of an amount of fuel injection from the injector (11) for in-cylinder injection to an amount of fuel injection from the injector (12) for intake passage injection.

Abstract: A cylinder head of an engine body is provided with intake ports and exhaust ports, which are connected with and opened to a combustion chamber. The intake ports are disposed in one of right and left sides of the cylinder head with respect to a vehicle driving direction, and the exhaust ports are disposed in the other of the right and left sides of the cylinder head. An intake pipe 61 passes around the cylinder head 31 at a side of the engine body, therefore, a curved portion 63 is formed in the intake pipe. A larger amount of fresh air enters the combustion chamber from one intake port than the other intake port, thus swirl occurs in the combustion chamber. An injector that injects fuel into the intake pipe is positioned at a side of the intake pipe.

Abstract: A method is for controlling the metering of fuel in a fuel system (30) of an internal combustion engine (1) which is to be started manually. This control is with a currentless open electromagnetic valve (21). The electromagnetic valve (21) is only switched into the closed state when a supply voltage (Uv) is applied and current flows. Within a blocking time (47), which is pregiven by an engine control (13), a supply voltage (Uv) is switched onto the excitation coil of the electromagnetic valve (21) only and the valve (21) is supplied with current only when an underpressure is present in the intake channel (11) of the fuel system (30); whereas, in the remaining time span (50) of the blocking time (47), wherein no underpressure is present, the control unit (20) switches off the supply voltage (Uv) and the valve (21) is in the currentless open state.

Abstract: A fuel injector for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, including a pressure booster, whose booster piston separates a work chamber, subjected to fuel via a pressure reservoir, from a pressure-relievable differential pressure chamber. A pressure change in the differential pressure chamber is effected via an actuation of a servo valve, which opens or closes a hydraulic connection of the differential pressure chamber to a first low-pressure-side return. The servo valve has a piston guided between a control chamber and a first hydraulic chamber. On this servo valve piston, a hydraulic face that positions the servo valve piston constantly in the opening direction when system pressure is applied and a first sealing seat that closes or opens a low-pressure-side return are embodied.

Abstract: A fuel injection system for supplying pressurised fuel to a fuel injector (200) comprises an accumulator volume (606) for supplying fuel at rail pressure (P1) to the fuel injector (200) through a rail fuel supply passage (608) and a fuel pressurising arrangement (604) for supplying fuel at a selected pressure greater than rail pressure (P2) to the fuel injector (200) through a pressurised fuel supply passage (614). A fuel shut-off valve (618) is provided in the system which is operable between a closed position in which fuel is retained within the pressurising arrangement (604) and an open position in which pressurised fuel is supplied to the injector (200) from the pressurising arrangement (604) during an injection of fuel from the rail fuel supply passage (608). Operating the shut-off valve in this way provides a boost in the fuel pressure delivered during an injection event.

Abstract: An injector assembly is disclosed for mounting within a mounting member, which includes a first mounting aperture that defines an axis, and a second mounting aperture that defines an axis and an inner surface. The axis of the first mounting aperture extends transverse to the axis of the second mounting aperture. The injector assembly includes an inlet connector that can be disposed within the first mounting aperture. The injector assembly further includes an injection valve member that can be disposed within the second mounting aperture. The injection valve member includes a fuel inlet that defines an axis. The injection valve member is in fluid communication with the inlet connector via the fuel inlet. Furthermore, the injector assembly includes an abutment member operable to supply a supporting force from the second mounting aperture to the injection valve member. The axis of the fuel inlet approximately intersects the abutment member.

Abstract: A fuel control system for regulating fuel to cylinders of an internal combustion engine during an engine start and crank-to-run transition includes a first module that determines a plurality of step-ahead cylinder air masses (GPOs) for a cylinder based on a plurality of GPO prediction models. A second module regulates fueling to a cylinder of the engine based on the plurality of step-ahead GPOs until a combustion event of the cylinder. Each of the plurality of GPO prediction models is calibrated based on data from a plurality of test starts that are based on a pre-defined test schedule.

Abstract: A surface reactor includes a copper-tin alloy for converting unsaturated hydrocarbons contained in propellants and fuels. The surface reactor is configured in one-piece from a long chip or wire-shaped body. The surface reactor is configured from the alloy or from a support material that has been appropriately shaped and coated with the alloy.

Abstract: A method of operating an internal combustion engine of a vehicle in an environment having an ambient temperature below about 0 degrees Celsius. The engine can include a battery and an engine body supporting a piston. The method can include the acts of initiating a first heating operation to warm air entering the engine, igniting fuel in the engine body to warm the engine and causing limited movement of the piston relative to the engine body, drawing power from the battery to generate heat in the battery, distributing the heat through the battery for a predetermined period of time before initiating a second heating operation to warm the air in the engine, and starting the internal combustion engine after the heat is distributed through the battery, causing the piston to continually reciprocate through the engine body.

Abstract: An engine has a housing and a working member movable within an interior of the housing and separating a combustion chamber from a non-combustion chamber. Additionally, the engine may include a chamber-ventilation system that may include a passageway with a first end of the passageway connected to the non-combustion chamber and a second end of the passageway located downstream of the first end of the passageway. The chamber-ventilation system may further include a filter system disposed within the passageway. The filter system may include a filter housing and a filter disposed in the filter housing. Additionally, the chamber-ventilation system may be configured such that, during operation of the engine, gas travels from the non-combustion chamber, into the first end of the passageway, through the passageway, to the second end of the passageway.

Abstract: A supercharger has a step-up gear including an outer wheel which rotates with an input shaft and is eccentric from an output shaft, and a plurality of intermediate rollers to which are disposed in a ring-shaped space, of which the width in the diameter direction of the output shaft between the output shaft and the outer wheel is not constant in the circumferential direction of the output shaft. At least one intermediate roller is a movable roller which can moves in the circumferential surface and the radius direction of the output shaft. The outer wheel is closely fitted onto the outer circumferences of all the intermediate rollers and the inner circumferential surface of the outer wheel is brought into elastic contact with the outer circumferential surfaces of all the intermediate rollers.

Abstract: When an engine is operated, a power dividing mechanism divides power of the engine to output the power to a motor for running operation and a motor for a cargo handling operation, respectively. Each of loads is driven via a rotational shaft of a corresponding one of the motors. By operating the engine and supplying the motors with electric power from a battery to operate the motors, each of the loads can also be driven by the sum of power of the engine and power of a corresponding one of the motors. When surplus power is generated in the power of the engine, each of the motors is operated as an electric power generating unit by the surplus power. As a result, the battery is charged.

Abstract: The electric supercharger includes a vehicle connector, an impulse signal generator empowered by a power source, and a signal amplifier. The vehicle connector has a positive terminal and a negative terminal for electrically connecting to an electrical source of said vehicle. The impulse signal generator, which is electrically linked to the vehicle connector for receiving an impulse signal from the electrical source of the vehicle, includes a signal integral circuit stably generating a rectangular impulse signal. The signal amplifier electrically connects to the impulse signal generator to amplify the rectangular impulse signal and to send the amplified rectangular impulse signal back to sparkplugs and injectors of the vehicle through the vehicle connector for enhancing a combustion-efficiency of an engine of the vehicle.

Abstract: The invention relates to an underwater catapult in which the arrow is propelled along the length of the barrel. The inventive catapult comprises a system which can be used to launch a gun arrow with bungee cords along the length of the shaft. The system comprises fixed or moving pulleys which are disposed on each side at the head of the gun and fixed or adjustable anchoring points (lugs, recesses) which are open for loading under the gun and which serve as support points to the tension cords for the movement thereof. The aforementioned pulleys can be used to load the large-sectioned bungees which are linked to variable- and standard-length bungees under the catapult for loading and power utilities. The catapult can be used to store more energy and use the integral characteristics of the elastic rubber. In this way, underwater hunters can equip themselves with an arm which is very powerful, accurate and recoil free compared to those currently available.

Abstract: The present invention relates to electronic control of an air gun in the form of a model gun, and that after any kind of shooting operation performs control so that a rotating wheel (sector gear) returns to a position where it does not mesh with a rack, and in so doing, improves the reliability of the mechanical mechanism of the gun, prevent degradation of the spring effect of the spring, and furthermore makes it possible to open the inside of the gun and to perform maintenance easily.

Abstract: A paintball gun preferably includes an electro-pneumatic flow distribution mechanism such as a solenoid valve having a port connected to a pneumatic mechanism. For instance, the solenoid valve may include an input port receiving compressed gas from a compressed gas supply and an output port connected to the pneumatic mechanism. The solenoid valve can be enabled to direct compressed gas to and/or from the pneumatic mechanism to operate a bolt. The bolt may be coupled to the pneumatic mechanism.

Abstract: A method and a device for cutting a workpiece (1, 21) in a wire saw is described, wherein a workpiece (1, 21) is fixed in a wire saw by means of a mounting beam (2, 22). In the method according to the invention, the generation of a mark or a step on the cutting area along the cutting slit at the transition from the workpiece to the mounting beam (2, 22) is moved further to the edge of the cutting area or is avoided entirely. Therfor, the workpiece (1, 21) is held during the cutting operation in the wire saw by a mounting beam (2, 22) such that while one of the two piercing points (9; 29) lies on the surface of the workpiece (1, 21) and while simultaneously the other (10; 30) of the two piercing points (9, 10; 29, 30) lies on the surface of the mounting beam (2; 22), the piercing point lying on the surface of the workpiece is the entry side piercing point.

Abstract: An oven construction includes a floor construction for the baking chamber.

Abstract: According to the present invention, there is provided a pushbutton switch cover sheet providing a unique design. A pushbutton switch cover sheet is provided with an operation plate of metal or hard resin having dividing grooves defining depressing operation members capable of displacement through depression. Therefore, there is no need to provide the casing of the apparatus with a frame defining key tops, making it possible to impart a novel design to the apparatus. The operation plate is formed as a thin plate, so it is possible to reduce a thickness of the apparatus as a whole. Further, the dividing grooves are provided with in-groove protrusions protruding into the dividing grooves and groove filling members fixed to the groove inner side surfaces and formed of a rubber-like elastic material, thereby making it possible to provide a pushbutton switch cover sheet of a high level of safety in which there is no fear of fingers being injured by the dividing grooves.

Abstract: A vent cap for a direct vent system. The cap may include a base plate and a semicircular outer housing secured to the base plate. A divider is coupled within the outer housing, with the divider forming in exhaust region and an inlet region. A heat shield is positioned within the semicircular outer housing in the outlet region. A direct vent pipe coupling is provided in the base plate and includes a first pipe having an outlet coupled to the divider.

Abstract: The process chamber of a vertical furnace is provided with a closure, or door, comprising an upper and a lower door plate. The upper door plate has a gas exhaust opening proximate its center, thereby allowing for a symmetrical flow of process gases through the process chamber and into the gas exhaust opening. The upper door plate is spaced from the lower door plate to form a sealing chamber, which is purged with inert gas. Optionally, both the gas exhaust opening and the sealing chamber empty into a gas exhaust channel formed inside the upper door plate. The gas exhaust channel leads to an exhaust which exhausts gases from the furnace and separates the flow path of corrosive process gases from surfaces of the lower door plate, which may be formed of relatively easily-corroded metal.

Abstract: In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, a pivoting and sliding member is provided. The pivoting and sliding member includes a housing covering controls for a combustion appliance, a first and second pivot pin attached to the housing in a substantially parallel manner having sufficient strength to permit the housing to pivot and slide about the first and second pivot pins, and an elongated receiving slot configured to receive one of the first or second pivot pins and dimension to permit at least one of the first and second pivot pins to pivot within and slide along the elongated receiving slot. A method of manipulating a control cover on a combustion device is provided.

Abstract: A heat concentrating device particular useful for firing objects formed of metal clay includes a preferably frusto-conical body with a hollow interior surrounded by a continuous sidewall, a wide lower end or base, a relatively narrow upper end, a support screen disposed across the upper end for supporting objects to be fired, and an aperture adjacent the upper end for insertion of a temperature sensor connected to a pyrometer assembly for monitoring the temperature at the upper end of the body. The device is placed over a stove burner to capture the heat emitted by the burner in the interior of the body and concentrate the heat at the upper end of the body so as to heat objects placed on the support screen to a suitable firing temperature.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an electrical water heater including a container body which is adapted to contain a predetermined volume of water, a heating unit mounted to the heater body for heating the water, and a temperature control unit for operating the heating unit to heat the water. The temperature control unit includes a temperature adjuster for setting a heat-up temperature of the water, a thermal sensor for instantly monitoring a temperature of the water, a controlling circuit electrically coupled to the thermal sensor and the temperature adjustor for comparing the heat-up temperature and the temperature, whenever the temperature and the heat-up temperature are not matched, the controlling circuit is capable of outputting an operative signal to heating unit to manage a heating process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of dispensing a liquid suspension from a reservoir of a liquid suspension held in a delivery system, wherein the reservoir of liquid suspension is of a type which is normally isolated from atmosphere, comprising the steps of: a) increasing the volume of the reservoir above an initial volume so as to reduce the pressure in the reservoir to below atmospheric; b) agitating the liquid suspension; c) reducing the volume of the reservoir to the initial volume; and d) subsequently dispensing at least a portion of the liquid suspension from the reservoir.

Abstract: The present invention provides a drug delivery device that uses an aerosol generator to nebulize a drug solution. The drug delivery device includes differently sized guide tubes and separator walls to provide substantially consistent particles that can be varied in size by using different guide tubes. The drug delivery device also includes a barrier that separates a fluid contained in the device from the drug solution at least a portion of the barrier is formed from Polyetheretherketone. The present invention also has a drug detection device that can detect the volume of drug in the device or whether the barrier has been compromised.

Abstract: A breath actuated metered dose inhaler including a housing, a mouthpiece positioned at one end of the housing, and a mechanical release mechanism positioned at another end of the housing. The release mechanism is triggered by a diaphragm and the inhaler is configured such that the air inhalation pathway is unimpeded by the release mechanism.

Abstract: Apparatus, methods, and kits for treating symptoms associated with common ailments, such as headaches, rhinitis, asthma, epilepsy, nervous disorders and the like, are provided. The apparatus comprises dispensers for carbon dioxide and other therapeutic gases. The methods comprise delivering small volumes of these gases to patients in a manner where the gas infuses into a body region in order to bathe the mucous membranes therein. It has been found that even very short exposure of patients to small volumes and high concentrations of such gases can provide significant relief from symptoms.

Abstract: Signals may be generated in a drug delivering apparatus through which a person inhales to generate a inhaled airstream to signal to the person to cease inhalation after a pre-set period of time has elapsed from detection of the commencement breathing by that person. The pre-set period of time for subsequent inhalations is adjusted depending on the time the person takes to stop inhaling after being signalled.

Abstract: A portable positive pressure breathing apparatus includes a demand valve with a supply inlet port adapted to be connected to a pressurized source of oxygen and an outlet port adapted to be connected to the inlet of a patient's breathing appliance. The demand valve further includes a reference chamber and a valve assembly responsive to the reference chamber/appliance inlet pressure differential for connecting/disconnecting the inlet port to and from the outlet port. At least one manually adjustable back pressure regulator is connected to the pressure source and the reference chamber for setting the pressure in the reference chamber (and inlet to the breathing appliance) at a selected level above atmospheric pressure.

Abstract: An anesthesia breathing circuit for connecting between an anesthesia delivery machine and a mask has an inspiratory tube, an expiratory tube, and a connection that allows the mask to communicate with both the inspiratory tube and the expiratory tube. The present invention resides in using a material which incorporates a scent-releasing agent to fabricate at least one element of the breathing circuit through which gas is fed to the mask from the anesthesia delivery machine. In one preferred embodiment, the scented element is a segment that may be coupled to conventional elements of an anesthesia breathing circuit so as to form a part of the inspiratory tube; the scented element can then be uncoupled when the scent is no longer desired.

Abstract: A method and a microprocessor controlled device for use in medical evaluation of the pulmonary system. The method and device incorporate two different non invasive evaluative techniques. Passive auscultation provides indicators of lung condition. Active auscultation, a different evaluative technique, provides information or indications generally not available or provided from passive auscultation. Combining the information from both techniques greatly improves the ability to provide effective medical treatment.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for the treatment of cardiac failure, Cheyne Stokes breathing or central sleep apnea are disclosed. A subject is provided with ventilatory support, for example positive pressure ventilatory support using a blower and mask. Respiratory airflow is determined. From the respiratory airflow are derived a measure of instantaneous ventilation (for example half the absolute value of the respiratory airflow) and a measure of longterm average ventilation (for example the instantaneous ventilation low pass filtered with a 100 second time constant). A target ventilation is taken as 95% of the longterm average ventilation. The instantaneous ventilation is fed as the input signal to a clipped integral controller, with the target ventilation as the reference signal. The output of the controller determines the degree of ventilatory support. Clipping is typically to between half and double the degree of support that would do all the respiratory work.

Abstract: An oxygen hose reel assembly having improved safety and usability features. The oxygen hose reel assembly can include automated mechanical and/or electrical systems for dispensing or recoiling oxygen tubing. The oxygen hose reel assembly can incorporate a lightweight, integral design such that the oxygen hose reel assembly is readily adapted for use in a variety of locations and can be portable between differing locations. The oxygen hose reel assembly can include control means providing a patient the ability to operate the oxygen hose reel assembly remotely. The oxygen hose reel assembly can further include a hose mechanism for accommodating hose related stresses such that these stresses are not translated to the patient.

Abstract: A penis enlargement device comprising (a) an end ring configured to be inserted onto the shaft of a penis and to be positioned proximate the head of the penis, wherein the end ring comprises a weighted mass having a front edge, a back mating edge, an outer sidewall extending between the front and back edges, and an inner sidewall also extending between the front and back edges and having, at least in part, a nonlinear variable diameter segment configured to position the back mating edge above the shaft; (b) a stealth ring also configured to be inserted onto the shaft of the penis adjacent the end ring, wherein the stealth ring comprises a weighted mass having a front mating edge configured to interface with the back mating edge of the end ring, a back mating edge configured to interface with a second stealth ring, an outer sidewall of constant diameter and extending between the front and back mating edges, and an inner sidewall also extending between the front and back mating edges and having, at least in par

Abstract: A fluid collection pouch (23) is made of flexible plastic material for surgical drapes or towels (24,25). It consists of two layers and includes an opening along which the layers are unattached to each other, and two side edges extending on opposite sides of the opening along which the layers are attached to each other. At least one portion (12,13,10,11) of at least one of the layers of the pouch includes at least one fold.

Abstract: A medical procedure drape for use during a medical procedure such as a colonoscopy. The medical procedure drape includes a cover and a barrier.

Abstract: External ocular shields for protecting a patient's eyes from medical treatment radiation energy such as a laser during a medical procedure. Each shield has an external surface that absorbs energy that hits the shield. The shields are connected to each other by a nose piece, and the nose piece is connected to each shield by a mounting means. The mounting means are positioned perpendicular to the shields and parallel to each other so that the nose piece can pivot upward towards the user's forehead and downward towards the user's chin without altering the fit of the shields over the user's eyes.

Abstract: A method for anchoring intervertebral disc devices and or augmentation materials for treating human intervertebral disc abnormalities by minimally invasive surgical procedure. An access to the intervertebral disc space is made through the superior or inferior vertebral endplate. This endplate perforation then serves to stabilize the expandable or inflatable device or implant at the entry site of the disc space. The anchoring limits movement within the disc space as it is essentially anchored at the bony channel of the endplate opening or by direct fixation to the bony endplate. This approach is usable for permanently placed devices, and also for removable implants.

Abstract: The present invention provides method and system for data communication in the human body and a sensor therefor. The method and system transmit information through the human body to a receiver located outside the human body using low current and voltage polarity, so that they cause no damage to the human body and achieve low power consumption and better receiving sensitivity. In addition, the sensor contains a CMOS image sensor on which all circuits are integrated without radio transmitter and antenna, so that it achieves a low-priced and small-sized capsule type endoscope.

Abstract: Process and apparatus for operating a machine of the tobacco processing industry. The process includes guiding at least one wrapper strip along a conveyor path from a wrapping strip supply to a garniture device, and fixing the at least one wrapper strip in at least one preset position along the conveyor path. The instant abstract is neither intended to define the invention disclosed in this specification nor intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.

Abstract: The disclosed invention relates to visual content indicators of a tobacco product. More specifically, the invention includes labeling systems that provide at least one visual indicator of a tobacco product, methods for using the systems, and tobacco products that display one or more visual indicators of content. The present invention generally relates to tobacco products, which have a reduced amount of nicotine and tobacco specific nitrosamines (TSNAs), and contain one or more nicotine substitutes. The use of these tobacco products to reduce the exposure of an individual to nicotine, as well as, facilitating tobacco-use cessation is disclosed.

Abstract: A toe spacer is provided that includes an elongate base and a plurality of spacer elements extending transversely from the base. One or more of the spacer elements has a shape corresponding to an aesthetic object, and a decorative pattern is applied to the spacer elements that depicts the aesthetic object. The decorative pattern may be printed directly on the spacer elements and/or may be provided on a film attached to the spacer elements. In addition or alternatively, the decorative pattern may include fabric, flocking, and the like attached to the spacer elements. The aesthetic objects may include flowers, a head of a character or other anatomical feature, and the like.

Abstract: The present invention consists of a system directly related to hair combs, but the JR Hair Color Comb is designed to have a reservoir on top of the comb teeth where there will be holes between the comb teeth, and a felt with teeth, called the felt teeth, will be slid half way onto a felt guide shaft (FIG. 3), then driven in from the front into the felt housing which is below the dye reservoir, then line up the felt teeth to the holes between the comb teeth, then slide the felt guide shaft right in through the felt guide sleeve so that the felt stabilizer seat will have a tight fit into the felt stabilizer seat sleeve which will allow the felt teeth to protrude further between the comb teeth. The top lid will be closed after filling with the color dye. The breather pipes on top of the reservoir tank help to create the atmospheric pressure on the color dye. This pressure makes the color dye travel through the felt housing holes to the felt and eventually to the felt teeth.

Abstract: A comb made up of a handle wherefrom a number of sweeping teeth are projected, thus forming a rigid set of high mechanical strength, where the teeth are aligned one after the other with a minimal separation in between to define the comb front, keeping the anchorage section of each tooth within the handle body, and projecting out of the handle in a length considerably greater than the anchorage length. The teeth have a proximal section starting from their anchorage inside the handle to a point of their total length outside the handle, where a distal section begins and extends up to the free end, and where the surface roughness of the former section is different from that of the distal section, which is microtexturized.

Abstract: The compact has a bottom, a cover, a hinge fixing the cover to the bottom, the cover and the bottom defining an average opening plane P of the compact, and forming a junction defining a closed external contour C in the plane P. The compact includes at least one bearing surface A on a typically horizontal plane support H defining a support surface or polygon S with area Ss, so as to have a compact with a “vertical” position. The contour C has a centre of gravity G forming a solid angle ? with the support surface S, with a minimum angle ?M typically varying from ?1=15° to ?2=60°, so as to simultaneously have a compact that is stable in the vertical position.