Abstract: A filtering system for monitoring fluid emissions from a process includes a plurality of filter assembly sections arranged in a parallel fluid flow manner with respect to each other so as to selectively receive a sample fluid (e.g., a sample gas) entering at an inlet of the system. Each filter assembly section includes a filter unit to filter particulate materials from a fluid flowing through the filter, first and second valves disposed at upstream and downstream locations of the filter unit, and a blowback flow path configured to selectively direct a cleaning fluid through the filter unit in a direction that opposes a direction in which the sample fluid flows through the filter unit. Each filter assembly section can be selectively isolated from other portions of the system so as to prevent the sample fluid from flowing through the filter assembly section while allowing a cleaning fluid to be delivered through the blowback flow path of the filter assembly section.

Abstract: Provided are a hollow inner electrode 5 constituted by an electrically conductive filter capable of capturing particulates, a cylindrical outer electrode 6 circumferentially surrounding the electrode 5, a housing 4 incorporated in a flow passage of exhaust G and accommodating the electrodes 5 and 6, a temperature sensor 2 for detecting temperature of the exhaust G and an electric discharge controller 3 for controlling electric power to be distributed to the electrodes 5 and 6 on the basis of a detected value of the temperature sensor 2. When the temperature of the exhaust G obtained by the temperature sensor 2 is lowered, electric power necessary for generation of discharge plasma is distributed by the discharge controller 3 to the electrodes 5 and 6, thereby oxidizing the particulates captured by the electrode 5 to reduce electricity consumption.

Abstract: An electrostatic precipitator is disclosed. The precipitatior comprises a conduit for the passage of particles in an air flow and means generating an electrostatic field substantially orthogonal to the air flow, and an ion supply, capable of charging said particles, in which the generating means comprise a point electrode and a two dimensional surface electrode, characterised in that the plane surface electrode comprises an ion source and the point electrode comprises a counter electrode and in that the counter electrode is earthed.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods of supplying a highly enriched oxygen gas steam on board an aircraft. The gas stream is generated by an oxygen concentrator which concentrates atmospheric air by using at least one adsorber. The adsorber is made of a faujasite zeolite and has a Si/Al ratio between 1 and 1.5. The faujasite zeolite is also exchanged with silver by about 10%. Once generated, the gas stream is supplied to the airways of a person onboard an aircraft.

Abstract: An adsorption bed arrangement includes a plurality of rigid, shaped adsorption elements within a housing. Each of the shaped adsorption elements includes adsorptive media for removal of chemical contaminants, and preferably includes a binder to retain the adsorptive media in its shape. The adsorption elements are positioned within the housing interior and the housing is selectively openable to provide access to the adsorption elements. A particulate filter, such as with HEPA media, can be included. The particulate filter can be wrapped around a cylindrical rigid shaped adsorption element.

Abstract: In order to provide a phase detector and a method of phase detection which are distinguished by greater sensitivity and simple implementability, at least one differential signal of two input signals (Ua; Ub) may be formed over at least one predefined period by means of a first subtracter (12), at least one maximum value of the at least one differential signal may be detected by means of a first peak detector (16) and at least one minimum value of the at least one differential signal may be detected by means of a second peak detector (18) and at least one further differential signal (UOut) may be formed from the at least one maximum value and the at least one minimum value by means of a second subtracter (14).

Abstract: A fermentation apparatus including a storage compartment which is formed with an accommodating space for storing food, further including a fermentation part to ferment food in the storage compartment; a fermentation condition setting part to select an initial fermentation condition of the food; an input part having a memory button to memorize a fermentation condition at a desired fermentation level if the food fermented according to the initial fermentation condition is at the predetermined fermentation level; and a controller to control the fermentation part, and store fermentation time from the start of the fermentation to the selection of the memory button and fermentation temperature at each fermentation time, as a custom fermentation condition when the memory button is selected.

Abstract: A coffeemaker composed of: a plurality of infusion heads that can each receive a predetermined quantity of a product to be infused; a common hydraulic circuit including, connected in series: a water reservoir; a flow meter for measuring the rate of flow of water from said reservoir; a pump; a heater; and a plurality of parallel outlet tubes each connected to an outlet of the heater, the heater and the pump being operative to deliver water from the reservoir to the heater through the flow meter; a control unit connected to the flow meter and the pump being for controlling the operation of the coffeemaker; and distribution devices connected in series with each of the outlet tubes and connected to be controlled by the control unit for delivering water or steam to each of infusion head as a function of signals received from the flow meter.

Abstract: A camping popcorn popper that is portable and may be taken, for example, to a campsite for use while camping. In an embodiment, the camping popcorn popper includes a housing and a burner assembly for burning fuel, the burner assembly being at least partly mounted within the housing. A cooking pot is mounted above the burner assembly and is used for heating popcorn kernels. A chute is provided for directing popcorn kernels flowing out of the cooking pot away from the cooking pot.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing crackers is provided. The apparatus includes: a main frame; a drive unit installed at the main frame, and having a drive motor provided with a reducer, and first and second drive shafts receiving power from the drive motor; first and second operation cams installed at the first drive shaft; an operation unit pivotally connected to the first operation cam; an upper mold movably connected to the operation unit in a vertical direction and having a heating means; a lower mold installed directly under the upper mold and having a heating means; a grain supply unit connected to the first drive shaft to discharge a predetermined amount of grain; a grain convey unit connected to the second operation cam to convey the grain supplied from the grain supply unit to the lower mold; and a control box installed at the main frame to control the respective components.

Abstract: The invention relates to a baking apparatus including an oven, a heating device, and a transport device for the transport of dough slabs through the interior of the oven. The heating device and the transport device are fed with an operating current. Further, the apparatus includes at least one monitoring device for monitoring the operating current of at least one of the two devices, and which increases the operational reliability of the baking apparatus. The monitoring device has at least one interface for outputting of a monitoring signal.

Abstract: A jar type cauldron that includes a main body and a lid. The main body is made by shaping and then firing clay, and is constructed so that a bottom wall thereof is thicker than a sidewall thereof. An inner wall is provided in an upper portion of the main body to form a double-wall structure, thus narrowing a mouth provided on the top of the main body and defining a warming space. Further, a central insertion part is provided on the lower surface of the lid, and is inserted into the mouth provided on the top of the main body. A handle is provided in the center of the upper surface of the lid.

Abstract: A mocha coffee maker is composed of a lower pot, a funnel, a rubber ring, a filter and an upper pot. The filter and the rubber ring are assembled to the bottom of the upper pot, which is provided with interior threads, while the top end of the lower pot is provided with exterior threads, such that after placing the funnel on the lower pot, the upper pot will be fastened to the lower pot via threads. The funnel has a basin of an appropriate height. The basin has a hole at the central bottom. An expanded flange is provided at the outer rim of the basin, while a siphon extends from the bottom hole of the basin for releasing steamer. When the upper pot and the lower pot are screwed together, the outer film of the coffee pack/tea bag will be pressed thereby to easy coffee/tea making.

Abstract: A barbecue grill with a smoker, the smoker has a housing having a bottom and pivotally connected to a side of the barbecue grill and a heater at the bottom of the housing. The heater allows to cook or smoke their food so multiple tastes can be prepared during a barbecue.

Abstract: In a rice huller, a first small-diameter pulley and a second large-diameter pulley are attached to a first roll shaft. A first large-diameter pulley and a second small-diameter pulley are attached to a second roll shaft. This configuration makes it possible to switch between a first driving state in which a rice hulling operation is performed by passing and driving a belt between the first small-diameter pulley on the first roll shaft and the first large-diameter pulley on the second roll shaft and a second driving state in which a rice hulling operation is performed by passing and driving a belt between the second large-diameter pulley on the first roll shaft and the second small-diameter pulley on the second roll shaft.

Abstract: The invention provides a pressing apparatus using a motor, in which driving means for fast feed, which lowers a upper die to a position immediately before pressing, and a motor for pressing, which performs a pressing operation, are used to cause the driving means for fast feed and the motor for pressing to operate cooperatively, and only one position detector, which detects a present position of a slider, is provided for a set of the driving means for fast feed and the motor for pressing.

Abstract: A printing system comprising a stencil printing apparatus and a digital printing apparatus for high speed printing of images having details of high resolution, rich colors, or variability, optionally also comprising a wetting apparatus operative to wet at least a part of the printed object prior to the digital printing.

Abstract: The invention concerns an installation comprising means controlling printing quality supplied by a printed sheet feeding device. Downstream, printing means print serial numbers and/or affix other elements. The quality of the number printing is controlled by a control device. A transfer device transports the sheets to a stock of three stacks one of which collects the defective sheets. A marking device affix a mark on the sheets considered unsuitable during the quality control.

Abstract: The invention is a simple, inexpensive, wash-free integrated cover for a printing transfer cylinder (preferably, but not necessarily, in a Komori press), comprising a flexible jacket covering permanently attached to a cylinder base cover. The invention provides advantages over T-Y paper and non-tack film in that dampening solution, washing, and cleaning causes failure in both over time, whereas dampening solution is beneficial to the present invention as such is retained in the flexible jacket cover and helps to prevent ink buildup and marking. The flexible jacket covering is moveable relative to the cylinder base cover, thereby further reducing ink buildup and marking. The integrated cover is disposable, which reduces periodic maintenance and cleaning of the transfer cylinder coverings and provides for fresh, clean substrate support surfaces upon each new installation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a security element for security papers, bank notes, ID cards or the like, with a substrate, on which are disposed at least two metal layers, the metal layers having different optical densities.

Abstract: To control the cutting register of a web in a web-fed rotary press and to control the tension in a web section, in a manner decoupled from each another, at least one partial cutting register error is controlled at least one web tension is controlled. The press has controlled driven clamping points 0 to n, wherein j+q manipulated variables are used to influence j partial cutting register errors and q web tensions. Circumferential speeds and/or angular positions of clamping points are used as manipulated variables and the partial register error and the web tension in each case are located in the same or in different web sections.

Abstract: A method for controlling a print-to-cut register in a shaftless web printing press having a first print unit having a first plate cylinder and first blanket cylinder for printing a web, at least one independent drive for the first print unit, and a folder having a cross cutter for cutting the web. The method includes printing the web using the first plate cylinder and first blanket cylinder so as to form at least one printed section of the web; sensing the print-to-cut register of the at least one printed section; and controlling the print-to-cut register of the first plate cylinder during printing via the first drive as a function of the sensing. The controlling includes pulling the first plate cylinder off impression and phasing the first plate cylinder with respect to the cross cutter using the independent drive. A method for controlling circumferential register and a printing press is also disclosed.

Abstract: A detonator assembly for initiating an explosive comprises a power source, an initiator, and a switch coupled between the power source and initiator. The switch has a trigger input responsive to a stimulus to activate the switch, where activation of the switch causes electrical energy to be provided to the initiator. The stimulus comprises at least one of a clock-based stimulus, a pressure stimulus, a light stimulus, an acoustic stimulus, and a vibration stimulus.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to a linear steering truck apparatus comprising a bolster member having two ends, the bolster being located along the transverse axis extending generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, generally located between and parallel to the transversely extending axles, a linear steering truck attachable to the car body, a plurality of pedestals, a pedestal engaged to an axle bearing, the axle bearing being rotationally engaged to one end of a transversely extending axle, and at least one pedestal being movably attached to at least one other pedestal situated in the same plane along the longitudinal axis, and rack and pinion steering components, where the geometry of pivot points from one axle to the bolster form a trapezoid and the geometry of pivot points from another axle to the bolster form a parallelogram, the pedestals being pivotably connected so that a lateral force at one axle is reacted by the other axle, wherein the car body mass acts as a pendulum mass restor

Abstract: A lock assembly for a railcar gate assembly including a frame defining a discharge opening, a gate mounted on said frame for sliding movements along a predetermined path of travel between open and closed positions and relative to the discharge opening, and a drive mechanism for moving and movable with the gate between the open and closed positions thereof. The lock assembly includes a stop mounted for movement between locking and unlocking conditions. At least a portion of the stop extends into the path of travel of the gate when in the locking condition thereby operably preventing inadvertent movement of the gate from the closed position toward the open position. The stop is selectively movable into the unlocking condition whereby allowing the gate to be moved toward the open position from the closed position. The lock assembly further includes a spring biased mechanism for positively maintaining the stop in the unlocking condition until after the gate moves a predetermined distance from the closed position.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid composition for the cold preparation of laminate composite materials so as to confer to them, without preliminary sanding or abrasion, a surface state favorable to adhesive bonding with polyurethane type adhesives comprising (a) at least one polar aprotic solvent (TPA); (b) at least one ether (TE) selected from ethers, ether-esters, and ether-ketones having: a molar volume less than 200 cm3/mole and preferably less than 160 cm3/mole, a molecule devoid of a hydroxyl function, and (c) at least one activator (TA) comprising at least one reactive nitrogenous function of the —NH2 and/or —NH— type of molar volume less than 100 cm3/mole.

Abstract: Bituminous asphalt binder materials which are modified by the addition of crumb rubber or ground tire rubber and a cross-linking agent are described. In addition, methods are provided for producing a modified asphalt binder containing crumb rubber or ground tire rubber and a cross-linking agent. The modified asphalt binders comprise neat asphalt, crumb rubber, one or more acids and a cross-linking agent. Optionally, the modified asphalt binder may include one or more polymer additives. The crumb rubber may be obtained from recycled truck and/or automobile tires. The addition of crumb rubber in asphalt binders can improve the consistency and properties of the asphalt binders at high and low temperatures. In particular, the modified asphalt binders of the present invention exhibit improved elastic behavior, resulting in improved performance of roads or other surfaces paved using the modified asphalt binder.

Abstract: The present invention describes an additive which controls stickies formation and removes anionic trash from recycled old corrugated container furnish, old newsprint furnish, deinked pulp furnish, old magazine grade furnish, coated broke furnish, or thermomechanical pulp furnish. The present invention treats talc with either a tertiary or quaternary amine. The treated talc is then added to the pulp slurry and removes stickies by binding the stickies to the talc and neutralizes the anionic trash that may be present. The present invention also describes a method for modifying talc particles involving contacting a tertiary or quaternary amine with talc particles. The present invention further describes a talc created by the process of contacting a tertiary or quaternary amine with talc particles. The present invention additionally describes a paper product having a modified talc filler wherein the modified talc filler has been contacted with a tertiary or quaternary amine.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are kaolin compositions, such as beneficiated fine sedimentary kaolin compositions. The beneficiated fine sedimentary kaolins may be obtained from the upper bed of the Rio Capim Kaolin deposit. The compositions may have at least one property chosen from a low iron content and low Hinckley crystallinity index, such as Fe2O3 in an amount less than about 0.8% by weight relative to the total weight of the solids content and wherein the Hinckley crystallinity index of the kaolin is less than about 0.5. Also disclosed are products obtained therefrom, such as paint and paper coating compositions.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for production of nanoscale size quinacridones through a wet-salt attrition process by combining a crude quinacridone pigment in the presence of (i) an inorganic salt, (ii) an organic liquid in which the quinacridone pigment and salt are substantially insoluble, and (iii) a quinacridone derivative in an amount less than 10 wt. % relative to the quinacridone pigment; discharging the ground quinacridone pigment into water; adding an acid to produce a solution pH of 1.5 or lower; and isolating the quinacridone pigment.

Abstract: A burned product containing 100 parts by weight of C2S and 10 to 100 parts by weight in total of C3A and C4AF, a cement admixture obtained by grinding the burned product, and a cement containing 100 parts by weight of a ground Portland cement clinker and 5 to 100 parts by weight of the burned product. The cement is good in both initial strength and long-term strength.

Abstract: Cement compositions for use in subterranean formations are provided. An example of a cement composition is a cement composition comprising: water, a cementitious component consisting essentially of: hydrated lime, and silica; and a dispersant. Another example of a cement composition is a cement composition comprising: water, a cementitious component consisting essentially of: hydrated lime, and silica; and a set retarder. Another example of a cement composition is a cement composition comprising: water, a cementitious component consisting essentially of: hydrated lime, and silica; and a fluid loss control additive.

Abstract: The invention relates to suspensions, to the production of said suspensions, and to the use thereof for accelerating the setting and hardening of cement and mixtures containing the same. According to the invention, said suspensions consist of aluminium sulphate in a quantity of more than 8 wt. % as Al2O3, preferably between 10 and 12 wt. %, and of suspended bentonite in a quantity of between 1 and 7 wt. %. Said suspensions can especially be used as economical and ecological alternatives in the field of wet spraying. The inventive suspensions are free of COD and alkali.

Abstract: The invention relates to a dispersant for hydraulic composition, wherein 2 kinds of copolymers containing, as structural units, a polyalkylene glycol(meth)acrylate monomer (a) having the average number of moles of added alkylene oxide in a specific range and a specific unsaturated monomer (b) in a specific ratio are used such that the product of the average number of moles of added alkylene oxide and the acid-type converted wt % of (b) relative to the sum total of (a) and (b) are used in specific relationship.

Abstract: The swing-out workbench extension of the present invention includes a rectangular swinging platform suspended from the top of a workbench by four swinging uprights on upper and lower axles between a lower stored position and an upper extended position. The rectangular swinging platform has at least one and preferably two tool support cross members extending between the respective opposed side members thereof. A latch is provided for releasably locking said rectangular swing platform in its said upper extended position. A heavy tool is connected to at least one cross member of the rectangular swing platform and is swingable outward from a stored position to an upper extended position and locked in place for use by a latch. The tool mounted on the rectangular swinging platform is also swingable downward to a stored position upon release of the latch.

Abstract: The presently disclosed thermoplastic pallet advantageously incorporates fire resistance by virtue of one or more of the following aspects: a sprinkler friendly deck or frame; variable fire retardant or coating distributions; fire collapsible cross beams; foam filled or foam coated parts; and pallet design, including proportioning amounts of plastic and metal utilized in construction. Exemplary combinations of features enables the pallet to meet all the dimensional, mechanical behavior and burn test requirements. The use of metal components including a corrugated aluminum deck having specially position through holes for sprinkler water, and the engineered placement of hollows in the structural plastic parts enables a reduction in the amount of plastic, and the amount of fire retardant in what plastic there is and in the pallet as a whole.

Abstract: A display table including a plurality of shelves, a support arm extending between at least two adjacent shelves of the plurality of shelves, a plurality of adjustable legs extending from a bottom side of at least two of the plurality of shelves, wherein the legs and shelves can be adjusted to create at least one of a multi-tiered display table and a single tiered display table, and wherein the plurality of shelves, support arm, and plurality of adjustable legs are compacted to allow for transportation.

Abstract: A height adjustable furniture component has an elongate outer member and an elongate inner member. The outer member has a first end, a second end, and a shoulder at the first end. An inner member is telescopically received in the first end of the outer member to move longitudinally relative to the outer member. The inner member has at least two spaced apart grooves. A locking device in the form of a split ring is configured for selective engagement with the grooves of the inner member and configured such that when engaged with one of the grooves, a portion of the split ring projects from the periphery of the inner member to engage against the shoulder of the outer member to maintain the inner and outer members in their relative longitudinal positions.

Abstract: A solid fuel nozzle tip (201) having at least first (205) and second (207) ceramic shells is provided by the present invention. An inlet end of the first ceramic shell (205) is interconnected to a pulverized solid fuel nozzle (34), and an outlet end (301) of the first ceramic shell (205) is interconnected to an inlet end (305) of the second ceramic shell (207).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a knife for and a method of zero till or minimum till seeding and fertilizing. The knife is particularly adapted for dry land conditions producing minimum solid disturbance and very shallow operation. The knife has a high penetration angle preferably of 45 degrees which permits the blade to enter high trash surface cover with little tendency to plug due to trash accumulation. The blade has a forward angle of attack, the lower cutting edge advancing before the upper cutting edge, serving to make a clean cut in the soil surface without accumulating trash. Seed and/or fertilizer conduits are attached to or incorporated in the trailing face of the blade in which the outlets may be spaced for controlled placement of the materials. By the method a furrow is cut having a substantial transverse component in an operation with a substantial forward component.

Abstract: A device for operating several sewing functions is provided with a single control disk with curved paths arranged peripherally and facially on the control disk for acting radially and axially. The control disk is driven by a stepper motor and allows individual or several functions to be executed during the rotary movement as well as temporarily stopping others.

Abstract: A fabric and a method of forming a fabric formed by the steps of providing an endless fabric having at least two layers of MD yarns, raveling CD yarns in an area of said endless fabric to be cut, cutting at least one layer of MD yarns at a first predetermined location, and cutting at least one layer of MD yarns at a second predetermined location. The method also includes steps of folding the endless fabric in half in the MD direction, placing the first and second predetermined locations proximally to one another, forming loops from at least one uncut layer of MD yarns when said fabric is folded, and seaming the loops to form an endless fabric.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for overedging fabrics (1) comprising a top layer (2) and a bottom layer (3), provided with a backing, and in which the top layer and bottom layer are partially joined together at least in a first zone (A), the method comprising the following steps: removing the bottom layer (3b) together with the backing in a second zone in which the bottom layer is provided so that it is not joined to the top layer, and which zone lies on the border of the fabric; fixing the top layer (2b) of the second zone on the backing.

Abstract: Ocean-going vessels having a load carrying module supported from a pair of spaced apart hulls by legs. The legs may be articulated in two places to provide control of the spacing of the two hulls and to control the elevation of the module off the water. Dynamic control of the articulation may control the response of the vessel, such as to sea conditions. The legs may include aerodynamic surfaces, fixed or controllable, that may be used to aide buoyancy and/or enhance stability, such as by assuring the bow of the hulls does not rise excessively. The hulls preferably are at least partially inflatable, with techniques for installing flexible fuel tanks within a preexisting inflatable hull being disclosed. Also disclosed are modular pressure control systems for controlling pressures in inflatable hulls having a multiplicity of separate inflatable compartments.

Abstract: An object ejection system uses an energy storage flywheel to drive the fluid pump that is used to pressurize the ejection tubes. The energy storage flywheel is periodically spun-up using an electric motor. The energy stored in the energy storage flywheel is used, when needed, to drive the fluid pump and supply pressurized fluid to an impulse tank. The pressurized fluid in the impulse tank is used to eject an object, such as a weapon, from one or more ejection tubes.

Abstract: A buoyancy lift system having an inflatable bladder with a tether stowed inside a canister secured to a vessel. A sealing member is slidably received within canister and secures to the inflatable bladder. Pressurized gas forces the sealing member and bladder outwardly of the canister. A stop prevents the sealing member from escaping the canister such that the sealing member creates a seal between itself and the canister at an outboard end of the canister. Pressurized gas is forced through a channel in the sealing member into the bladder to increase the displacement of a vessel.

Abstract: This invention provides a flag (1), consisting of a flexible membrane (2), a shaft (3) and distending means comprising rods (4.1) and (4.2). The shaft (3) is hollow and forms a sleeve about a flag staff (7). The flexible membrane (2) has a leading end (5) and a trailing end (6). The leading end (5) is removably attached to the sleeve (3). Each rod (4.1) and (4.2) has a fixing end and a free end. The fixing ends are friction fixed to the sleeve (3) by means of a collar (8) located on the sleeve, and the free ends are retained in pockets (6.1) and (6.2) provided in the trailing end (6). In use, the rods (4.1) and (4.2) exerts a pressure from within the membrane (2), resulting in the distended state of the flag (1) under all weather conditions.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for the production of a photonic device comprising providing a substrate, forming in the substrate substantially straight pores, lining or filling the pores with a material having voltage-dependent index of refraction, and removing part but not all of the substrate materials so that an array remains of tubes or rods of material having. voltage-dependent index of refraction. In a variant of the method the deposited material is piezoelectric and the substrate is completely removed, resulting in piezoelectric tubes or rods of small diameter, generally below 10 ?m.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for growing a crystalline or poly-crystalline body from a melt is described, wherein the melt is retained by capillary attachment to edge features of a mesa crucible. The boundary profile of the resulting melt surface results in an effect which induces a ribbon grown from the surface of the melt to grow as a flat body. Further, the size of the melt pool is substantially reduced by bringing these edges close to the ribbon, thereby reducing the materials cost and electric power cost associated with the process.

Abstract: Improved contaminant removal from alkaline- or alkali-earth metal fluoride crystal growth material can be obtained by coprecipitating an alkaline- or alkali-earth metal fluoride with a scavenging agent during synthesis of the fluoride growth material. The coprecipitation of the alkaline- or alkali-earth metal fluoride and scavenging agent can be performed using at least one of chloride, nitrate, hydroxide and carbonate salts of the alkaline- or alkali-earth metal fluoride and scavenging agent. This provides a more intimate mixture or dispersion of the scavenging agent in solid solution or as a mechanical mixture with the alkaline- or alkali-earth metal fluoride for improved outgassing and fewer trapped impurities, leading to improved radiation hardness and bulk absorption.