Abstract: The present invention presents an improved deposition shield for surrounding a process space in a plasma processing system, wherein the design and fabrication of the deposition shield advantageously provides for a clean processing plasma in the process space with substantially minimal erosion of the deposition shield.

Abstract: A plasma processing apparatus is described and which includes a chamber having at least two processing stations which are separated by a wall. At least one channel is formed in the wall, and wherein the channel has a width to length ratio of less than about 1:3.

Abstract: Material (4) is deposited on a substrate (8) by arranging the material in a container (2), and contacting the surface of the material (4) with a beam of electrons to so as to evaporate the material and transfer it to the substrate. A shield (7) opaque to electrons is arranged to cover a portion of the surface contacted by the beam of electrons. Relative movement occurs between the container (2) on one hand and the shield (7) and the beam of electrons on the other hand such that the portion of the surface previously contacted by the beam of electrons is no longer covered by the shield and is exposed to the substrate (8).

Abstract: A process chamber having an reinforced chamber body is provided. The reinforced chamber body may include one or more chamber walls, a chamber bottom, and a chamber support assembly attached to an exterior side of the chamber bottom. The chamber support assembly may include one or more elongated base support structures and one or more lateral support structures connected to the one or more elongated base support structures. The process chamber may also include a plurality of substrate support pins attached to an interior side of the chamber bottom and adapted to support a large area substrate thereon.

Abstract: A wire cage birdfeeder including a first cage member and a second cage member; the first and second cage members being pivotally connected such that when the feeder is in a closed position the first and second cage members are substantially flush with one another so forming a closed cage; and when in an open position the cage members are partly separated so presenting a filling mouth and further including a closer/hanger that when in a first position allows the first and second cage members to pivot open to present a mouth for charging and when in a closed position prevent such opening.

Abstract: An animal feeder for supplying a feed to an animal of choice for feeding the animal of choice in an unprotected environment such as the outdoors. The feeder comprising a base for support the feeder on a ground surface, a support frame extending upwardly from the base and a hopper supported by the frame. The hopper having a storage reservoir for storing a supply of feed with a feed entry opening that is closeable to prevent exposure to the outdoors. The hopper further including a feed chute below the reservoir having an upper region sealingly joined to the reservoir and a lower region below the upper region that is sealingly joined to a feeding chamber. The feeding chamber having a bottom surface wherein the feed supply can move from the reservoir into the feeding chamber and rest on the bottom surface based on gravity alone.

Abstract: A feeding chamber is reached by an ascending ramp and an entrance passage, the top of said feeding chamber being defined by a first grid through which feed descends into said feeding chamber and the floor of said feeding chamber being defined by a second grid which allows food to fall from within said feeding chamber into a spillage chamber.

Abstract: A birdbath fountain includes a water reservoir and recirculating system. Water for the fountain is pumped from the reservoir, with the excess water from the bowl being returned to the reservoir, thereby allowing for a bowl which remains full or at a consistent depth for a longer period of time, including periods of dry or windy weather conditions. In the preferred configuration, the bowl has a depth defined by an outer raised rim and an inner raised rim. A water-containing reservoir having a depth greater than the depth of the bowl resides within the inner raised rim. An electrically operated submersible pump disposed in the water-containing reservoir is operative to pump water from the reservoir to the fountain head, after which the water returns to the bowl. At least one notch in the inner raised rim provides a fluid path from the bowl back to the reservoir, thereby keeping the water level of the bowl substantially constant.

Abstract: The present invention includes a method of filling a nectar bird feeder. The bird feeder includes a base with a nectar reservoir and an extension member that downwardly depends from the bottom surface thereof. A hanger is connected to the base and extends upwardly therefrom. A cover, which is releasably attached to the base, has a central aperture to receive the hanger therethrough. The cover is removed from the base and placed on a support surface. The base is then placed on the cover with the extension member being positioned through the aperture so it can be movably positioned so it is level for filling of the reservoir of the base with nectar. After filling, the base is removed from the cover and the cover is reattached to the base.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of sequestering carbon dioxide in aqueous environments. In a first step, an area is assessed to determine whether the area is capable of supporting the addition of organisms of higher trophic level (OHTL). Next, OHTL are added to the area in order to produce enough rapidly sinking and refractory particulate matter (PM) to sequester carbon dioxide above the level of carbon dioxide sequestration that exists before the addition of OHTL. Preferably, the PM produced by the OHTL sinks at rates significantly greater than and/or is significantly less biodegradable than that produced by other components of the biological carbon pump. Finally, this increase in the level of carbon dioxide sequestration is quantified. The method of the present invention may also include the step of reporting the quantified increase in the level of carbon dioxide sequestration.

Abstract: An aquaculture device (34) including a body (38), said body (38) having at least one inwardly tapered slot (46) for receiving at least one elongate support means (12). The at least one elongate support means (12) being adapted to be inserted through said body (38) into said at least one inwardly tapered slot (46) and, in use, to be wedged between opposed side (48,50) of said at least one inwardly tapered slot (46) in order to attach said aquaculture device (34) at a predetermined location on said at least one elongate support means (12).

Abstract: A window assembly and related method for dropdown feed doors and the like includes a rigid marginal frame configured for close reception in an associated opening in the feed door. A mullion has opposite ends connected with top and bottom portions of the frame. A latch arm is supported by the mullion, projects upwardly from the top portion of the frame, and is shifted between a locked position to retain the feed door in a raised, closed position, and an unlocked position to rotate the feed door to a lowered, open position. A latch actuator is mounted on the mullion at a selected position vertically spaced apart from the latch arm, and includes a slide which shifts between latched and unlatched positions.

Abstract: An animal confinement pen flooring system, particularly adapted for swine farrowing operations, includes at least first and third rows of spaced-apart molded plastic foraminous flooring panels and an intermediate row of cast iron foraminous flooring panels, all of the panels being supported on spaced-apart elongated support rails in a stand off position above a subfloor. The plastic and cast iron panels each include opposed sets of hooked-shaped flanges for engagement with support rails, respectively, for supporting the panels thereon. The cast iron panels each include a boss and an opposed recess disposed on opposite sides thereof for interconnecting adjacent panels by cooperating hook portions formed on the boss and in the recess of the adjacent panel, respectively. The combination of the cast iron and molded plastic flooring panels provides enhanced comfort for swine in farrowing operations.

Abstract: A one piece sheet material for packaging cover to be used as a dust jacket for wrapping around a pet toy that resembles a book. The sheet material is an overall wrapping with bend lines corresponding to the dimensions of the pet toy, so that the sheet material folds around the circumference of the pet toy. A fold-over flap on the sheet material is on the backside of the pet toy, and another portion of the sheet material wraps around the front edge and tucks behind the fold-over flap, creating a concept of a pet toy book. The utility and process of the dust jacket in combination with the pet toy protect and substantially enclose the pet toy and create the distinguishing novelty of books for pets with titles and pet authors.

Abstract: Described is a pet confinement system for confining the monitored pet using negative reinforcement and ultra wideband technology. A transmitter generates a ultra wideband signal monitored by a receiver carried by the pet. The negative reinforcement delivery circuit provides a corrective stimulus of adjustable intensity. The owner selects the intensity level using a conventional switch device.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a pet dressing cabinet including a cabinet body having an accessory compartment and a front opening communicating with the accessory compartment, wherein the dressing cabinet further includes two fencing doors pivotally mounted at the front opening to fold between a storage position and a dressing position. A dressing platform is horizontally and frontwardly extended from the dressing cabinet at a position below the front opening for substantially supporting the pet on the dressing platform. And two fencing stoppers provided at two sides of the front opening to retain the fencing doors at the dressing position so as to block the pet on the dressing platform from escaping.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a connectable lead including a front lead portion with a collar clip, an adaptor, and a rear end portion with a handle. Furthermore, a method and apparatus for repairing a broken or severed lead is disclosed. The user can insert the lead's severed end into an adaptor which is attached to a front lead portion and collar clip.

Abstract: The present invention provides a functional dog muzzle strap structure mainly including movable loop fasteners on a single strap, mutual disposition of which forms a dog muzzle strap having adjustable muzzle functionality. A dog collar function is further derived from the dog muzzle strap, thereby forming a dual effective and dual functional structure that provides a value added use to the dog muzzle strap. The dog collar derived from the muzzle strap has functionality to adjust and attain optimum degree of tightness from movements of the dog itself, thereby completely eliminating restriction to use on dogs having a mouth and nose of certain dimensions, and enabling the dog muzzle strap to be extensively used on all types of different sized dogs, entirely overcoming drawbacks known to exist in conventional dog muzzles.

Abstract: A wound cover includes a plastic tubular body, which has a length sufficient to cover a wound on an appendage and has an upper open end for extending around the appendage, and a strap for extending around the appendage. The strap is coupled to the tubular body for securing the tubular body to the appendage over the wound. In addition, the tubular body is vented to allow heat and moisture to escape and to facilitate air circulation around the wound.

Abstract: A controller is provided for controlling the operation of a gas-fired water heating appliance. In one embodiment of the present invention, a controller is provided that comprises a switching means for connecting an electrical power source to an igniter for igniting gas, a voltage sensing means for sensing the voltage value of the electrical power source, and a processor that is capable of determining whether the power source is of a first rated voltage level or a second rated voltage level. The processor is capable of responsively selecting an appropriate switching sequence from a look-up table having a plurality of switching sequences corresponding to a plurality of voltage values for either the first rated voltage or the second rated voltage, where the processor controls the switching means based on the selected switching sequence to effect switching of power to supply an average predetermined voltage to the igniter that will heat the igniter to a desired temperature.

Abstract: The invention relates to a continuous steam generator provided with an evaporator through flow heating surface which is disposed in a heating gas channel which can be cross flown in an approximately vertical manner in a heating gas device, said evaporator through flow heating surface comprising a plurality of parallel connected steam generating pipes enabling a flow medium to flow through, and an overheating heating surface which is arranged downstream from the evaporator through flow heating surface comprising a plurality of parallel connected overheating pipes enabling the evaporated flow medium to flow through, also enabling production and operational costs to be reduced and enabling the temperature of the steam on the outlet of the overheating heating surface to be controlled in a comparatively simple and flexible manner. The steam end-point of the flow medium is displaced to the overheating pipe, if required.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for fuel reforming using the exhaust gases from internal combustion engines and high temperature combustion processes in which a fuel for reforming and steam mixture is introduced into a tube bundle having a plurality of heat exchange tubes and heat from the exhaust gases is transferred into the heat exchange tubes, thereby increasing the temperature of the mixture. The heated mixture is reformed by contact with a reforming catalyst external to, but proximate to the exit of, the tube bundle, forming a reformed fuel. To remove substantially all of the heat from the exhaust gases, a plurality of tube bundles and associated reforming catalyst arranged in series are provided.

Abstract: The invention provides an internal combustion engine system that uses a blended fuel consisting of hydrocarbon and alcohol, and can efficiently operate relative to a wide range of required load. The internal combustion engine system includes: an internal combustion engine 1; a first separating means 2 for separating the blended fuel into an alcohol/water mixture 21 and liquid hydrocarbon 22; a reforming means 13 for reforming the alcohol/water mixture to an ether/water mixture; a second separating means 14 for separating the ether/water mixture into the ether and the water; and control means 16 that controls the ratios of the liquid hydrocarbon 22, the alcohol/water mixture 21, and the ether. The internal combustion engine 1 is a homogeneous charge compression ignition internal combustion engine.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for actuating the valves in the three-way thermostat and in the heating cut-off valve of a cooling system. The valve setting in the cooling system is in this case selected such that during the warm-up phase of the engine, until the latter has reached its operating temperature, the coolant in the cooling ducts is brought to rest until the coolant temperature exceeds a predefined reference value.

Abstract: A piston for an internal combustion engine has a piston head and a piston skirt spaced apart from the piston head by a ring-shaped recess. The piston has at least one pin bore for accommodating a piston pin. A ring-shaped circumferential cooling channel for a coolant is provided in the piston head, which channel is closed off by a cover ring that consists of at least two segments. At least one region of the cover ring projects at least partially into the clear opening of the at least one pin bore, in such a manner that the cover ring simultaneously forms the retaining element for the piston pin.

Abstract: A heating arrangement for heating a fluid, the arrangement comprising an elongate housing having a main axis. An inner chamber (21) for a first fluid surrounds the axis. A plurality of axially extending fins (22) project into the inner chamber. An exhaust gas inlet which receives exhaust gas, for example, from a Stirling engine, is provided at one end of the inner chamber. A supplementary burner (20) at the opposite end of the chamber is arranged to fire radially outwardly on to the fins. An outer chamber (30) for a second fluid surrounds the inner chamber.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a cylinder head, a cylinder having an opposed surface opposed to the cylinder head and including a water jacket, which is concave in an axial direction of the cylinder, and apiston provided in the cylinder. An oil ring is provided on the piston on a side that is farthest from the cylinder head. At least a portion between a cylinder inner surface and the water jacket in the cylinder is made of a material having a higher thermal conductivity than that of iron. A bottom wall of the water jacket is positioned in the cylinder axial direction between the opposed surface of the cylinder and a lower end of the oil ring when the piston is disposed at a top dead center position.

Abstract: In accordance with the invention, an internal combustion engine having reciprocating piston sleeves is realized comprising an engine block with a pair of cylinders, each cylinder having an intake port, an exhaust port and two linearly opposing pistons connected to two opposing crankshafts. A pair of piston sleeves are reciprocatingly mounted in each cylinder, one piston sleeve around each piston. Each piston sleeve is connected to one of two eccentric shafts that run parallel and adjacent to each crankshaft. The piston sleeves have ported slots in communication with either the intake ports or the exhaust ports of each cylinder. The eccentric shafts are mechanically connected to the crankshafts such that they move in unison.

Abstract: The present invention is an engine, including two banks of cylinders in a flat, opposed cylinder arrangement and a crankshaft having a plurality of paired throws, the two throws of each respective pair of throws being disposed adjacent to each other and coplanar with respect to each other.

Abstract: In a stratified-scavenging two-stroke internal combustion engine, air-fuel mixture outlets (14b) and air outlets (15b) are provided on either side of a cylinder (3), and the air-fuel mixture outlets (14b) and the air outlets (15b) communicate with a crank chamber (6) via air-fuel mixture passageways (14) and air passageways (15). The crank chamber (6) is charged with air from an air-feeding port (12). An inlet port (10) is disposed on either side of the air-feeding port (12), and mixture (M) from each inlet port (10) is charged into the air-fuel mixture passageways (14) via air-fuel mixture introduction recesses (17) formed in the outer surface of a piston (2). The air outlets (15b) are positioned nearer to the exhaust port (11), while the air-fuel mixture outlets (14b) are positioned nearer to the inlet ports (10).

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for suppressing spark damage to components of a solenoid operated valve assembly. The assembly may include a solenoid having a solenoid coil and an armature movable under the influence of the solenoid coil. A valve member may be operably connected to the armature and configured to selectively contact a valve seat. An element may be associated with the solenoid operated valve assembly and configured to suppress spark discharge between two or more of the components of the valve assembly.

Abstract: An electromagnetically driven valve that operates by a combination of electromagnetic force and elastic force includes a valve element that has a valve shaft and that reciprocates in directions of extension of the valve shaft, and first and second oscillating members that extend from driving ends to pivoting ends, and that pivot about central axes extending at the pivoting ends. The driving ends are operatively linked with the valve element. An electromagnet oscillates the first and second oscillating members. First and second measuring portions measure at least one of the oscillation angle, the amount of lift and the oscillating speed of the first and second oscillating members. A control portion computes energization control logics based on measurement values provided by the first and second measuring portions, and averages the energization control logics to control energization of the electromagnet.

Abstract: An electromagnetically driven valve includes a valve element, a main body, a disc, and a lower electromagnet. The valve element includes a valve stem, and is reciprocated in the direction in which the valve stem extends. The main body is provided at a position distant from the valve element. The disc includes a driving end that is moved in conjunction with the valve stem, and a pivoting end that is supported by the main body such that the pivoting end can be oscillated. The disc is oscillated around a central axis that extends at the pivoting end. The lower electromagnet is disposed so as to face the disc. The lower electromagnet includes a core made of magnetic material, and a coil wound in the core. The central axis is surrounded by a cylindrical bearing portion of the disc, which is made of magnetic material. The core has a cylindrical surface that faces the bearing portion.

Abstract: An electromagnetically driven valve that is driven by the combined action of electromagnetic force and elastic force includes first and second valve elements that have valve shafts and move in reciprocating motions in the directions in which the valve shafts extend. It also includes first and second oscillating members that extend from driving ends to pivoting ends, and that pivot around respective central axes extending at the respective pivoting ends. The driving ends are operatively linked with the first and second valve elements, respectively. The electromagnetically driven valve also includes first and second coils that cause the first and second oscillating members to oscillate. The first and second coils are interconnected.

Abstract: An electromagnetically driven valve includes a valve element that has a valve stem and moves in reciprocating motion in a direction in which the valve stem extends; a disc that is interlocked with the valve element at a driving end, extending to a pivoting end, from which a central axis extends and around which the disc oscillates; a coil that oscillates the disc; a power supply that supplies electric current to the coil; and an ECU that controls the flow of current from the power supply to the coil. During the initial period of operation of the disc, the ECU controls the current so that it is supplied from the power supply to the coil in cycles, and in accordance with the voltage and temperature, controls the number of current cycles, the cycle length, and the value of the current.

Abstract: A variable cam timing (VCT) phaser system including a phaser with an actuator in which the max duty cycle is altered to maintain a constant current in the system based on at least one engine parameter.

Abstract: An engine valve operating system is provided that includes a variable valve lift mechanism in which, when there is a possibility that the rotational speed of the engine might increase beyond an allowed rotational speed due to a downshift error in a manual transmission, etc., the amount of valve lift is decreased without changing the opening angle of the valve (19). By so doing, the curvature at the top of the curve of lift of the valve (19) is reduced, the inertial force applied to the valve (19) is reduced, and improper movement of the valve (19) can be prevented. Moreover, it is possible to prevent any increase in the intake air volume due to a decrease in the amount of lift of the valve (19), and prevent the effectiveness of engine braking from being degraded, thus enabling the rotational speed of the engine to be decreased and thereby preventing improper movement of the valve (19) from being promoted.

Abstract: A multiple cylinder engine includes a plurality of cylinders. Each cylinder includes a valve configured to open and close a port associated with each of the respective cylinders. The cylinders comprises at least a first cylinder group and a second cylinder group. A drive shaft is configured to rotate about an axis. A plurality of valve actuators are configured to transmit rotational movement of the drive shaft to the valve. A change mechanism comprises a control member that is configured to change a transmission state of the rotational movement transmitted from the drive shaft to the valve actuators. The change mechanism is configured to sequentially change an open period and a lift amount of each valve by changing a control amount of the control member. The control member is common to the first and second cylinder groups and the transmission states for the first cylinder group differs from the transmission states of the second cylinder group in accordance with the control amount of the control member.

Abstract: A fault detection system for detecting a fault in a lifter oil manifold assembly (LOMA) of a displacement on demand engine that is operable during transition from activated and deactivated modes includes a first fluid circuit of the LOMA that selectively provides pressurized fluid to regulate operation of the engine between activated and deactivated modes. The fault detection system further includes a sensor that is responsive to fluid pressure of the LOMA and that generates a pressure signal based thereon. A control module outputs a control signal to switch operation of the engine between the activated and deactivated modes. The control module further determines a pressure differential based on a first pressure prior to switching between the modes and a second pressure after switching between the modes.

Abstract: An exhaust valve mechanism for an internal combustion engine with at least one exhaust valve in every engine cylinder includes a main rocker arm mounted on a rocker arm shaft and a secondary rocker arm arranged on the main rocker arm and mounted on the rocker arm shaft for the activation of an exhaust brake function. A spring device is so arranged as to act between a fixed point on the engine and the secondary rocker arm, in such a way that the latter rocker arm is caused by the spring force to engage with the cam element of the camshaft.

Abstract: A switchable drag lever (1) of a valve timing mechanism of an internal combustion engine is proposed. The said switchable drag lever (1) has an outer lever (2), an inner lever (5) extending in the cut-out (3) of the said outer lever (2) between its side walls (4). The drag lever (1) has a rest (9) for a gas exchange valve on an underside (7) at one end (8) and a pivoting bearing (11) for a supporting element at the other end (10). The levers (2, 5) extend at the end (8) on a common pin (12). Receptacles (13, 14) for a coupling means are provided which extend longitudinally at the end (10) facing away from the pin (12) and are aligned with respect to one another in the cam base circle, which coupling means can be displaced for coupling in sections in or below the receptacle (14, 13) which lies opposite. The levers (2, 5) have cam contact faces (17, 18) on their upper sides (15, 16).

Abstract: An engine starting method includes maintaining a rotation speed of a crankshaft of an engine rotated by a motor at a first rotation speed, supplying fuel to the engine and igniting the fuel while the crankshaft is rotated by the motor at the first rotation speed, determining whether the fuel has been ignited in the engine, and maintaining the rotation speed of the crankshaft rotated at least by the motor at a second rotation speed that is greater than the first rotation speed upon determining that the fuel has been ignited.

Abstract: A method includes controlling supply of supplementary fuel through a supplementary fuel supply passage in a carburetor to an engine. Engine cranking is sensed, and the supply of the supplementary fuel is prevented when the engine cranking reaches a prescribed number of revolutions. Accordingly, an excessive amount of fuel is not supplied to the engine when the engine fails to start, so that flooding of an engine spark plug can be avoided and the possibility of successfully starting the engine by subsequent engine cranking is increased.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine intake device is provided for an internal combustion engine such that intake device that can reduce the vibration of the throttle chamber of an internal combustion engine. The intake device has an intake air collector, a vacuum tank and a first air induction pipe. The vacuum tank is arranged closely adjacent to the intake air collector. The first air induction pipe extends upstream from the intake air collector in such a manner as to be closely adjacent to the vacuum tank. Preferably, the first air induction pipe is integral with the intake air collector and the vacuum tank.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine intake device includes an intake collector and a first air induction pipe. The intake collector includes a first collector space and a second collector space. The first air induction pipe extends diagonally downward from an upstream side of the intake collector with respect to a horizontal direction of the vehicle. The first air induction pipe includes a first air induction space and a second air induction space. The intake collector and the first air induction pipe are configured and arranged such that a first boundary plane defined between the first collector space and the first air induction space is substantially perpendicular to a direction of an intake air flow from the first air induction space into the first collector space and the first boundary plane is substantially coplanar with a second boundary plane defined between the second collector space and the second air induction space.

Abstract: An air-intake duct through which air taken in from outside is guided to an air flow rate control device configured to control an amount of air flow that is supplied to an engine of a vehicle, including a pipe-shaped portion that is coupled to the flow rate control device and has an air-intake passage formed therein, a chamber portion that is located upstream of the air-intake passage of the pipe-shaped portion in the air flow and has an inner diameter larger than an inner diameter of the pipe-shaped portion, and an extended pipe-shaped portion configured to extend continuously from the pipe-shaped portion so as to protrude into an inner space of the chamber portion, the extended pipe-shaped portion forming an extended passage connected to the air-intake passage of the pipe-shaped portion.

Abstract: An active vibration absorber is provided for absorbing vibrations in a member. An inertial mass is mounted on the member with a stiffness between the member and the mass. A force actuator arrangement applies a force between the inertial mass and the member. A damping arrangement provides for damping of a resonance of the active vibration absorber. A first sensor arrangement provides at least one first signal indicative of at least one movement and/or stress related parameter for the member and a second sensor arrangement provides for at least one second signal indicative of a reaction of the inertial mass. A control arrangement is provided for controlling the force actuator arrangement using the at least one first signal and the at least one second signal.

Abstract: A baffle plate configuration of an internal combustion engine according to a first embodiment of the invention is provided below a rotational member arranged on or near a crankshaft and prevents the rotational members and lubricant in a pan from interfering each other. The baffle plate includes a preventing portion that is provided at an end portion of the baffle plate located in the side that is opposite, in the axial direction of the crankshaft, to the side where a larger amount of lubricant returns to the pan. The preventing portion prevents piston pumping air generated above the baffle plate from entering a space below the baffle plate through the end portion of the baffle plate.

Abstract: An engine lubrication method is provided. The four-cycle engine has a lightweight aluminum alloy engine block having a cylindrical bore and an enclosed oil reservoir formed therein. A crankshaft is rotatably mounted in the engine block for rotation about a crankshaft axis. A piston reciprocates within the bore and is connected to the crankshaft by a connecting rod. An oil pump driven by the cam gear, which mates with crank gear that is driven by crank shaft, inhales the oil from the oil reservoir to splash lubricate into the cylinder bore. The engine is provided with a cylinder head assembly defining a compact combustion chamber having a pair of overhead intake and exhaust ports and cooperating intake and exhaust valves. A lightweight, high-powered engine is thereby provided having relatively low HC and CO emissions. A circular arc wall surrounds around web of the crankshaft with a slight distance from the web.

Abstract: A method for regulating the speed of a motor vehicle includes the steps of sensing an open door, verifying the authorization of a driver, and preventing the flow of fuel to the engine until an authorized driver has securely closed the vehicle doors. The method also includes the steps of sensing that the driver's seat belt is securely fastened and limiting the flow of fuel to thereby provide a relatively slow speed until the seat belt is fastened and thereafter limiting the flow of fuel to provide a second pre-selected speed. Further, the method includes the steps of overriding the second pre-selected speed and activating a vehicle's flashers when the second pre-selected speed is exceeded. Apparatus for accomplishing the method is also disclosed.