Abstract: A table desirably includes a table top that is constructed from blow-molded plastic. A frame is mounted to the table top by one or more first frame mounting portions. The frame mounting portions are preferably integrally formed in the table top as part of a unitary, one-piece construction. Each of the frame mounting portions may include a recess that is sized and configured to connect the frame to the table top. Desirably, the frame is connected to the table top by a snap, friction or interference fit, and without the use of mechanical fasteners such as bolts or screws.

Abstract: A gearbox, particularly for transmission systems in devices for metering granular and/or materials in powder form, includes a pair of shafts, that is, a drive-input shaft and a drive-output shaft, respectively. On the output shaft is at least one pair of coaxial freewheels, on each of which an end of a respective linkage carrying a movable fulcrum device is active. The opposite end of each linkage is driven with a reciprocating oscillatory motion about the fulcrum device by way of an eccentric device provided on the drive-input shaft in order to convert the reciprocating oscillatory motion into an intermittent rotary motion of each freewheel and consequently to bring about a rotary motion of the drive-output shaft in a preselected direction of rotation.

Abstract: A sewing machine includes a needle bar reciprocally movable up and down, a thread take-up lever reciprocally swingable up and down, a thread supply which supplies a needle thread to the needle bar carrying the sewing needle, a plurality of thread guides including the thread take-up lever, an automatic threading apparatus automatically carrying the needle thread extending from the thread supply and passing the needle thread through the thread guides including the thread take-up lever, a first preparatory path formed for threading so that the needle thread extending from the thread supply can be passed through the thread guides by the automatic threading apparatus, and a second preparatory path formed for threading so that the needle thread extending from the thread supply can manually be passed through the thread guides, The thread take-up lever is displaced within a range of reciprocal swing so that threading is possible for at least one of the first and second preparatory paths.

Abstract: A hollow ballast tank contains within it a plurality of flexible bags for storing fluids such as fuel, freshwater and grey water. These fluids serve as functional ballast weight to complement the ballast weight provided by seawater which fills the remaining volume of the ballast tank upon being drawn into the tank through an intake pipe. Hoses run from each bag and emerge from a hatch in the upper surface of the ballast tank to service the boat. As fuel and freshwater are consumed, seawater is drawn into the ballast tank to compensate for the lost volume. Grey water may also be returned to a bag in the tank to serve as ballast weight.

Abstract: A maneuverable towcraft consisting of a partial hull structure to which is removably attached at least three downward-projecting fins. A first ventral fin of sufficient size and draft is located along the craft's centerline, toward the front of the craft. A second and third fin, smaller in size and draft relative to the ventral fin, are laterally spaced-apart at a station aft of the ventral fin. The towline attachment to the towcraft is at a point above the craft's operative waterline and situated such that the towline line-of-force intersects, or very nearly intersects, the ventral fin's effective vertical zero-moment line for normal towline attitudes. Maneuvering of the towcraft by its one or more riders is accomplished by differential drag means.

Abstract: Disclosed is a retractable windshield apparatus including first and second opposing traveler tracks adapted to receive and slide the lateral edges of a windshield in a mounting. The apparatus also includes a first retracting rod functionally attached to the first traveler track, a first pivot device functionally attached to the first retracting rod, and a first power source functionally attached to the first pivot device.

Abstract: A tool for use by a pilot as a reference for maintaining a desired aircraft attitude is provided. The tool is a simple mechanical tool that can be removably mounted adjacent to an aircraft windshield, in the pilot's field of view. The tool comprises a central shaft upon which at least one marker pin is mounted. The marker pin is slideably coupled to the shaft in such a manner that it can be independently adjusted to provide a reference for the pilot to set up the plane for the correct approach angle and/or attitude for a particular phase of flight. The marker pin is adjustable to achieve, for example, a climb attitude, a best glide attitude, a descent attitude, a level flight attitude and a banking setting such as to maintain the altitude in a bank for example.

Abstract: An indicator assembly with a dial face, a pointer and a lamp. The dial face has an opaque portion and defines a shaft aperture. The pointer has a connecting portion, a pointer portion and an opaque boot portion. The connecting portion is disposed in-line with the aperture. The pointer portion is coupled to and extends radially outwardly from the connecting portion. The boot portion extends about the connecting portion and contacts the dial face in a zone that encircles the aperture. The lamp is disposed rearwardly of the dial face and provides a source of light. A method for reducing or eliminating a halo effect is also provided.

Abstract: A speedometer face plate assembly that incorporates a border of light transmitting segments above the speed indicating numerals is disclosed. Each of the segments is a different color. The colored segments are lighted from behind as the speed changes so that colored light is visible both peripherally and directly to the driver. Each color is associated with a specific speed increment so that once the driver becomes familiar with this speedometer face plate assembly, he or she will be aware of the speed traveled according to the color of the light and will not have to look directly at the speedometer as frequently as is currently necessary. In addition to the colored light transmitting border, there may also be a colored light transmitting section under the numerals or at another area on the speedometer face to further enhance the colored light effect. This speedometer face plate assembly contributes to increasing driving safety.

Abstract: A method of reducing infection of a bovine teat is described. This method may include providing a surfactant for reducing infection of a bovine teat, creating a foam with a mixture of surfactant and compressed gas, extracting milk from the teat of a bovine, and, following cessation of milking the teat, placing the foamed surfactant on the teat from which milk was extracted. In some instances the foamed surfactant may form a bead at an end of the teat. The method may further include using a compressor to compress the gas, leaving the foam on the teat for more than one minute, and using a hand-held teat cup that can massage the teat as the foam is applied.

Abstract: An automated game feeder system that features a novel lid with a preferable vent and intake tube, said intake tube adapted for connection to a mechanized feed supplier. The lid permits re-supply of feed to the game feeder without resort to ladders or the need to remove a lid to accept the feed. An alternate embodiment is disclosed featuring a game feeder with the benefits of a lid built directly into a top of a stand-alone game feeder.

Abstract: A pet enclosing system includes a door that is positioned in a wall. The door has a pet door positioned therein. Each of a plurality of panels has a first lateral edge and a second lateral edge. The plurality of panels includes a first panel, a second panel and a third panel. A plurality of hinges hingedly couples together the panels. A first coupler and a second coupler are provided and mounted on either side of the door. The second coupler is mounted on the wall and is positioned to a second lateral side of the door. The first coupler is configured to couple the second lateral edge of first panel to the wall and the second coupler is configured to couple the second lateral edge of the third panel to the wall so that the panels form a barrier around a space adjacent to the door.

Abstract: An inflatable pet house module includes first and second inflatable units. The first inflatable unit includes an inflatable mattress and a mattress cover formed with an opening for insertion of the mattress thereinto. The second inflatable unit is coupled releasably to the first inflatable unit by a coupling unit, and includes an inflatable canopy body and a canopy cover formed with an opening for insertion of the canopy body thereinto. The canopy body has a middle portion provided with a middle heat-seal line unit to partition the canopy body into two canopy sections. The canopy body is bendable along the middle heat-seal line unit when inflated so as to place the canopy body in a standing position where the middle portion is propped up by the canopy sections to thereby enable the first and second inflatable units to cooperatively define a chamber.

Abstract: In a farrowing pen which includes a pit and over the pit a first floor portion on which the sow can stand and lie and two further floor portions on each side of the first floor portion for receiving piglets of the sow and confining walls for locating the sow on the first floor portion there is provided an apparatus for lifting the sow away from the piglets to prevent crushing. The apparatus includes a base carries above the pit on a cradle and a gas bag lift mechanism carried on the base above the manure and arranged to raise a plate carrying two parallel rails with the first floor portion thereon. An air valve extends through the flooring and is operated by pressure from contact with the sow for actuating the controlling the flow of the air. The rate of lifting is faster than the rate of lowering. A scissors lever arrangement mounted on the base above the pit acts to support and guide the floor on the bag.

Abstract: The steam generator includes a feedwater delivery device at an upper axial end of an annular space between an outer shell and a bundle wrapper of the steam generator. The feedwater, delivery device includes a header (11) having a shell of toroidal general shape, at least one feed pipe for the header and feedwater distribution means (14) in the upper part of the annular space of the steam generator. The feedwater distribution means (14) include a plurality of openings (17) that pass through the upper part of the shell of the toroidal header (11) and are distributed circumferentially on the wall of the header and a plurality of tubes (15) fixed via a lower end part at an opening (17) of the header (11). Each of the straight tubes (15) includes an upper end part through which openings (20), such as water passage slots, pass and a cap (16) fixed to the upper end of the tube (15) surrounding, with a radial clearance, the upper end part of the tube (15).

Abstract: A piston engine is operated by pressurizing combustion air to a pressure above ambient pressure and adding water to the combustion air, and supplying the pressurized combustion air to which water has been added to a combustion chamber. An emulsion of fuel and water is sprayed into the combustion chamber. A desired rate of supply of water to the combustion chamber is determined and, in the event that the desired rate of supply of water changes, the rate of supply of water to the combustion chamber is adjusted by regulating the addition of water to the combustion air.

Abstract: A combustion-engined setting tool for driving fastening elements in constructional components includes a combustion chamber (14) for combusting therein a full gas-oxidant mixture, at least one guide element (20) arranged coaxially with a longitudinal axis (34) of the combustion chamber (14) for supporting axially displaceable wall (17) of the combustion chamber (14) for an axial displacement along the guide element (20) which is pivotally supported in a drag bearing (22), and a guide cylinder (12) adjoining the combustion chamber (14) in which a setting piston (11) is arranged for an axial displacement therein.

Abstract: In an arrangement comprising at least one operating unit of a camshaft adjusting device for an internal combustion engine, the operating unit and at least one ventilation unit of a ventilation device are combined in an assembly module.

Abstract: In a hydraulic actuator comprising a hydraulic piston, a hydraulic cylinder and a hydraulic pressure source wherein said hydraulic piston has a larger area exposed to pressure on the side of the control chamber than on the side of oil supply chamber of said hydraulic cylinder, wherein said hydraulic piston has, in its outer peripheral part, a slot connecting said oil supply chamber side with the control chamber side in the direction of shaft and the cross sectional area of the slot in the direction of said shaft changes according to the displacement of the hydraulic piston in the direction of its shaft, and the control chamber has a pilot valve, the suction and exhaust valve in a variable valve system of the internal combustion engine are opened and closed by said hydraulic actuator through a coupling and springs for the valve, for variably controlling the opening and closing timing, the opening and closing time, and the lift of the valve, whereby it is possible to provide a variable valve system for internal

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for electrohydraulic valve lift switching with a hydraulically activatable actuating element for bringing about valve lift switching, which is connected to an oil line, whereby the action of pressurized oil on the actuating element can be controlled by an on/off valve arranged in the oil line and connected to a control device. The invention has an oil pressure metering device arranged in the oil line, which is connected to the control device, and a device for detecting the time period between activation of the on/off valve by the control device and a characteristic change in the measured oil pressure.

Abstract: A system and method for controlling a variable valve actuation system for an engine is provided. An engine valve is moved between a first position where the engine valve blocks a flow of fluid and a second position where the engine valve allows a flow of fluid. Fluid is provided to a chamber of a valve actuator adapted to operatively engage the engine valve. A parameter indicative of a viscosity of the fluid provided to the chamber of the valve actuator is sensed. Fluid is trapped within the chamber of the valve actuator to prevent the engine valve from moving to the first position. A response time of the valve actuator is determined based on the viscosity of the fluid provided to the chamber of the valve actuator. The response time indicates the time required to release the fluid from the chamber of the valve actuator to allow the engine valve to move to the first position.

Abstract: A method of operating an internal combustion engine, including at least one cylinder and a piston slidable in the cylinder, may include supplying a mixture of pressurized air and recirculated exhaust gas from an intake manifold to an air intake port of a combustion chamber in the cylinder, selectively operating an air intake valve to open the air intake port to allow pressurized air to flow between the combustion chamber and the intake manifold substantially during a majority portion of a compression stroke of the piston, and operably controlling a fuel supply system to inject fuel into the combustion chamber after the intake valve is closed.

Abstract: A method and system to avoid collision of piston and engine valves is provided. This facilitates use of a fully flexible variable valve actuation system over its operating range, without arbitrary constraints. Included is actuation control of the engine valve, determination of a crank angle at which to initiate engine valve opening, and determination of a desired valve lift, and, duration of valve open time. Opening profile for the engine valve is estimated. A first and a second crank angle are calculated, based upon the estimated opening profile. The crank angle to initiate engine valve opening is determined by adding a safety margin to the second crank angle. The method determines a maximum valve lift, given the duration of valve open time and an engine valve opening crank angle, and a minimum duration of valve open time, given a valve lift and an engine valve opening crank angle.

Abstract: An ECU calculates an engine speed for calculating a camshaft phase based on a time period T? in which a crankshaft rotates a sampling angle ?. The camshaft phase is derived from a time difference between output timing of a cam angle signal and output timing of a crank angle signal based on the engine speed. According as the engine speed is lower, the sampling angle ? becomes small, so that the engine speed and the camshaft phase are precisely calculated.

Abstract: An adjusting device for camshafts of motor vehicles has a stator having radial inwardly projecting stays and a rotor having vanes projecting into spaces defined between the stays of the stator. The rotor is rotatable relative to the stator and the vanes of the rotor are loadable on opposed sides with a pressure medium. The rotor is lockable relative to the stator in a locked position, wherein the stator has at least one locking bore and the rotor has a locking element having a locking position in which the locking element engages the locking bore and locks the rotor in the locked position. The locking element is moveable by the pressure medium from the locking position into a release position.

Abstract: An intake manifold with variable intake tract configurations for an internal combustion engine is provided, wherein pairs of long and short intake runners are located between inlet plenum chambers and respective manifold outlets, and a rotary valve located between a manifold wall and a row of short intake runners is selectively movable between a first position isolating the short runners from the intake air and isolating the inlet plenum chambers from one another, a second position isolating the short runners from the intake air while permitting communication between the plenum chambers, and a third position permitting the short runners to draw air directly from the plenum chambers. The resulting manifold provides a space- and cost-efficient mechanism for providing variable intake tract configurations, and eases accommodation of other design requirements in the design of the manifold.

Abstract: A system and method for managing inertial torque reaction of a powertrain include a selectively engageable counter-rotating component to reduce or eliminate torque reaction on stationary powertrain structure. Selectively engageable counter-rotating inertia may be provided by a simple inertial mass or by an electrical machine functioning as an integral starter/generator (ISG) to provide vehicle launch assist, regenerative braking of the vehicle, and engine cranking. Embodiments include gear-driven, chain-driven, and belt-driven counter-rotating inertias selectively coupled for counter-rotation relative to the crankshaft by a clutch, a belt-driven pulley assembly, or chain-driven intermediate shaft assembly with a hydraulically actuated coupling pin.

Abstract: A lubrication system for an engine includes an oil tank, a crankshaft, a crankcase for housing the crankshaft. An oil sump formed at a bottom of the crankcase collecting lubricant for circulated moving parts to be lubricated, and an oil pump for returning the lubricant collected in the oil sump to the oil tank are also provided. The oil sump and an oil suction port are provided, respectively, on one side and the another side of a normal plane including an axis of the crankshaft.

Abstract: An EMD locomotive engine low oil governor reset system, the governor having a low oil reset plunger which moves from an operating position to a tripped position out of a side of the governor when a low oil condition has been sensed and has initiated shut down of the engine, the governor also providing an electrical signal indicating the plunger has been tripped, the system comprising a solenoid mounted adjacent the governor and having a plunger in alignment with the low oil reset plunger for engaging the plunger in the tripped position and moving it to the operating position when the solenoid is activated, the solenoid being connected to the governor so as to receive the electrical signal therefrom; and a timer associated with the solenoid for delaying activation of the solenoid for a predetermined period of time after receipt of the electrical signal from the governor.

Abstract: A lubricant supply system for a marine engine is provided with a lubricant conduit that is formed within an engine block in close proximity to a coolant conduit. The coolant conduit is extended, by a bulge, in a direction toward the lubricant conduit in order to reduce the distance through which heat must travel through the base material of the engine block to cool the lubricant flowing through the lubricant conduit by the water flowing through the coolant conduit.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a crankshaft (1) of an internal combustion engine including an internal combustion engine for a portable handheld work apparatus such as a motor-driven chain saw or the like. The invention is also directed to a method for making the crankshaft (1) as well as an internal combustion engine with a corresponding crankshaft (1). The crankshaft (1) is made up of separately manufactured parts and includes a crank arm (2) having a central cutout (3) for accommodating a shaft lug (4) of the crankshaft (1) and an eccentric cutout (5) for accommodating a crank pin (6). The crank pin (6) journals a connecting rod (7). A centrifugal mass portion (8) is provided on the crank arm (2) at its end lying opposite the eccentric cutout (5). The centrifugal mass portion (8) is configured as one piece with the crank arm (2) and is bent out of a plane (9) of the crank arm (2) in the direction of the connecting rod (7).

Abstract: A balanced rotary cycling machine suitable for use as an internal combustion engine, compressed gas or steam engine, compressor or pump is disclosed herein. The rotor assembly consists of four articulating pistons where the opposite pistons are inter-linked with each other by pivoted rods comprising a parallelogram mechanism and therefore eliminating a need for pivots between pistons. The rotor assembly rotates inside or outside of a circular or non-circular stator depending on the configuration chosen. A variety of mechanisms for shape deformation of four piston assembly during its rotating cycle is also disclosed herein, as well as detailed descriptions of preferred embodiments, including a four cycle internal combustion engine with circular stator, marine engine with polymer parts and a four cycle automobile rotary engine with conventional oil pan. In addition, a method of operation of external rotary combustion engine, employing a high-pressure compressor and an external combustion chamber, is disclosed.

Abstract: An engine system and method are disclosed for controlling pre-ignition of an alcohol fuel. In one embodiment, the fuel injection timing is adjusted to cause the fuel to avoid combustion chamber surfaces. In another embodiment, the fuel injection timing is adjusted to spray the fuel directly onto the piston surface to cool the piston. Also disclosed is a cylinder cleaning cycle in which engine knock is purposely caused for one to hundreds of engine cycles by adjusting the fuel content away from alcohol toward gasoline. Further measures to cause knock which are disclosed: adjusting spark timing, intake boost, exhaust gas fraction in the cylinder, cam timing, and transmission gear ratio.

Abstract: In an intake module for an internal combustion engine having an intake module which includes a housing with a first volume in which air drawn in via an inlet orifice accumulates, a second volume in which the air is distributed to various cylinders of the engine and which contains inlet ports leading to inlet valves of the engine, a support module with associated throttle elements is arranged between the first volume and the second volume of the intake module within the housing so as to provide for short travel passages between the throttle elements and the intake valves of the engine.

Abstract: A diesel engine comprising a fuel injection device (9), an EGR device (19), and a control device (26) for controlling the fuel injection device (9) and EGR device (19) so as to realize a premixed combustion in which a mixture is ignited after the end of fuel injection, the diesel engine further comprising detection unit (31) for detecting the ignition timing of the mixture, wherein when the actual ignition timing detected by the detection unit (31) shifts from the preset optimum ignition timing, the control device (26) corrects the timing of fuel injection conducted by the fuel injection device (9) and matches the actual ignition timing with the optimum ignition timing.

Abstract: A low-pressure fuel supply system for applying pressure to a fuel by using a feed pump and supplying the fuel to a manifold fuel injection mechanism, and a high-pressure fuel supply system branched from the low-pressure fuel supply system and for applying pressure to the low-pressure fuel by using a high-pressure pump of a metering delivery type driven in accordance with the engine operation state and supplying the resultant fuel to an in-cylinder fuel injection mechanism are provided. The high-pressure pump supplies all the pressurized fuel to the high-pressure fuel supply system, irrespective of an actuation state of the in-cylinder fuel injection mechanism. Excessive fuel is returned when a relief valve is opened. Thus, pulsation caused by operation of the high-pressure pump is reduced, and the fuel can be supplied in a proper quantity.

Abstract: A control system and method for balancing output and exhaust emission values of the various cylinders of an engine having individual cylinder fuel delivery control. Selected output and emission related values for one cylinder, selected as a base cylinder, are compared to the same values for the other cylinders, and fuel injection quantity and timing (or another combustion phasing variable) are adjusted in the other cylinders to output and emission values of the base cylinder. The adjustments are weighted based on the degree to which changes in both the injection quantity and timing (or other variable) influence changes in both the output and emission values as determined from the sensed readings of pressure sensors in each of the cylinders.

Abstract: A fuel injection nozzle of an engine used to inject fuel oil into the combustion chamber of each cylinder of a diesel engine and fixedly attached to a cylinder head (1) by a fuel injection nozzle retainer (15) supported by a valve arm shaft (11) for supporting a valve arm (14) and an energizing member (35) energizing the fuel injection nozzle retainer (15) in axial direction.

Abstract: A high-pressure pump having a pump housing in which a plurality of pump elements are disposed, and by means of which fluid is pumped at high pressure via a high-pressure conduit system to a common high-pressure connection. The pump housing has a housing body and for each pump element one housing cap covering the pump element and joined to the housing body. The high-pressure conduit system has high-pressure bores extending without intersections in the housing body which bores are joined together in the region of the transition from the housing body to one of the housing caps, or in one of the housing caps, to form the common high-pressure connection.

Abstract: A fuel system for use in an internal combustion engine, the fuel system comprising a source of high pressure fuel for supplying fuel through a single fuel supply path to an injector for injecting fuel, a first valve arrangement for controlling initiation of fuel injection and a second valve arrangement arranged in the fuel supply path, comprising a valve member which is operable between first and second positions to vary the rate of flow of fuel through the second valve arrangement, thereby to permit the fuel injection characteristics to be varied, in use.

Abstract: In an apparatus (12) for controlling a pressure in a fuel inflow line of a motor vehicle, a shutoff valve (20) and a pressure limiting valve (21) are arranged in a connection (19). The connection (19) is arranged between an inflow junction (16) which leads to the inflow line and an outflow junction (17) which is led into a fuel container. The pressure limiting valve (21) opens above a first pressure and throttles the flow of the fuel through the connection (19). The shutoff valve (20) closes above a second pressure, the second pressure being higher than the first pressure. This ensures that, when a fuel delivery unit is at a standstill, the pressure in the inflow line does not exceed the first pressure and that, during operation of the delivery unit, the pressure in the inflow line can rise above the second pressure and an internal combustion engine of the motor vehicle is supplied sufficiently with fuel.

Abstract: A fuel container for a marine propulsion system is provided with a pump and a hose connected to an outlet of the pump and disposed within the cavity of the fuel container. The hose is provided with an opening, formed through its wall, through which a fluid can flow under certain circumstances. The opening is disposed in an ullage within the container and allows gaseous elements to be purged from the container when flow is induced from the container back to a fuel reservoir.

Abstract: A high energy inductive coil-per-plug ignition system operating at a higher voltage Vc than battery voltage Vb by use of boost-type power converter (1), using high energy density low inductance coils Ti which are further improved by partial encapsulation of the coils and by use of biasing magnets (120) in the large air gaps in the core to increase coil energy density, the coils connected to capacitive type spark plugs, with improved halo-disc type firing ends, by means of improved suppression wire (78), the system operated and controlled by a micro-controller (8) to generate and control the coil charge time Tch, the sequencing the spark firing, and other control features including finding the firing cylinder by simultaneous ignition firing and sensing during engine cranking, to provide a highly controlled and versatile ignition system capable of producing high energy flow-coupling ignition sparks with relatively fewer and smaller parts.

Abstract: A crossbow with a vibration-damping device has a stock assembly, a bow assembly, a bushing and at least one resilient element. The stock assembly has a front end. The bow assembly is attached to the front end of the stock assembly. The bushing is clamped between the stock assembly and the bow assembly. The at least one resilient element serves as a vibration-damping device and is clamped between the bushing and the bow assembly. By adding the resilient element, vibrations of the bow assembly are greatly reduced, and the bushing can be selectively made of rigid material to keep the structure of the crossbow sturdy.

Abstract: A coupler enables a paintball hopper to be easily connected to and disconnected from a paintball marker. A part of the coupler is connected to the paintball marker while another part is connected to the paintball hopper. The coupler has a locked and an unlocked position. In the unlocked position, the portion of the coupler connected to the paintball hopper is easily removed from or inserted into the coupler. In the locked position, the paintball hopper is held immobile and capable of being used in a competitive environment. The coupler provides fixed positions while locked and uses techniques to keep the hopper immobile when locked to the paintball marker.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for connecting a high-pressure fluid source to a paintball marker using an adapter that may have in-line inlet and outlet and connect directly to the paintball marker.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a diamond saw blade for milling. The rim of the circular metal with a shaft or the front end of the tubular body or an edge of the strip metal has multiple equidistant openings for positioning the diamond grains. The width of the opening is slightly wider or equal to the diameter of the diamond grain. After the diamond grains are positioned in each opening, the metal surface on both sides of each opening is pressed by the jig through two directions. The metal surface on both sides of the opening is deformed by the pressure from the jig, and extrudes along the direction of each opening for bonding diamond grains. Further, the surface forms a rugged cutting edge. More, a diamond layer with diamond grains is electroplated on the surface of the cutting edge. It, therefore, has a long lifecycle and becomes a high-speed cutting edge for milling without deformation.

Abstract: A spacer unit inlet member integrally constructed of rigid or non-flexible material and capable of selectively mounting about its opening any one of a plurality of metered dose inhaler (MDI) actuators having different outlet size or shape. The inlet member includes a channel providing an opening of the inlet member and being formed by a wall substantially parallel to its rotational axis A peripheral edge of the wall is shaped substantially as a truncated oval. The inlet member further includes a pair of opposing curved walls surrounding and substantially parallel to the rotational axis of the channel and having an outermost edge comprising a substantially oval shape, and a wall substantially perpendicular to the rotational axis of the channel and positioned between the walls of the channel and the opposing curved walls.

Abstract: A novel connection device, and method for its use, for connecting a volume displacement detection device and a gas composition detection device in line with an intubation tube is disclosed. The connection device allows a user to combine two systems commonly employed by medical personnel to assess the location of an intubation tube placed into a patient. The two systems have alternate means of assessing the location of an intubation tube in a patient and therefore, when combined into a single unit via the connection device, improve the accuracy of placing a tube in a desired location while reducing or eliminating complications associated with misplacement. A kit comprising components that may be assembled to provide a device for assessing the proper placement of an intubation tube in a patient is also disclosed. The kit may be used in any environment, but is particularly well suited for emergency, pre-hospital settings requiring intubation where quick assembly of the components is essential.

Abstract: A mouthguard for allowing medical instruments to be passed into a patient includes an integrally formed or removable locking device. The locking device includes one or more mechanisms for preventing the movement of a guidewire or other medical devices during a surgical procedure.