Abstract: This disclosure describes chemically sensitive sensors and methods for fabricating them. At least one of these sensors may be fabricated having a channel housing that, when subject to an electric field, comprises an electrically active channel having a nanoscale cross-section dividing its length that is bounded by the channel housing's thickness and with an active width dependent on the electric field's strength.

Abstract: The subject invention provides conductive stripes, suitable for use as electrodes, and methods of making conductive stripes.

Abstract: A gas sensor element designed to measure the concentration of gas such O2 is provided. The gas sensor element is formed by a laminate of an oxygen ion conductive solid electrolyte layer made of zironia, a reference gas-exposed electrode, and a measurement gas-exposed electrode. The measurement gas-exposed electrode is made of a laminate of an outer electrode layer and an intermediate electrode layer. The outer electrode layer is made of metal or a mixture of the metal and zirconia. The metal is Pt, Ag, Rh, or Pd. The intermediate electrode layer is made of a mixture of zirconia and Pt, Ag, Rh, or Pd and greater in content of zirconia than the outer electrode layer. This structure results in increased reaction interfaces where the gas reacts with platinum particles and zirconia particles in the measurement gas-exposed electrode and the solid electrolyte layer, thereby ensuring higher catalytic activity and electrical conductivity.

Abstract: Preparation of a pH sensor, the prepared pH sensor, system comprising the same, and measurement using the system. The pH sensor is an extended gate field effect transistor (EGFET) structure. The preparation includes the steps of providing an extended gate ion sensitive field effect transistor comprising an extended gate region, forming a titanium nitride film on the extended gate region by RF sputtering deposition to obtain a pH sensor.

Abstract: A biosensor containing ruthenium, measurement using the same, and the application thereof. The biosensor comprises an extended gate field effect transistor (EGFET) structure, including a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET), a sensing unit comprising a substrate, a layer comprising ruthenium on the substrate, and a metal wire connecting the MOSFET and the sensing unit.

Abstract: A method for enhancing the adhesion and life span of the electrophoresis deposited electron emission source. The method can form a siloxane film on the surface of carbon nanotubes during a one-time electrophoresis deposition process. The siloxane film is then sintered to form a silicon dioxide film on the surface of the electron emission source. This can prevent the intoxication of carbon nanotubes, thereby enhancing the life span of the carbon nanotubes and the adhesion of carbon nanotubes on the electrode layer.

Abstract: A device for manipulating biological material, the device including at least one electrode and a photoconductive material configured to receive the biological material; and a light source configured to illuminate the photoconductive material so as to modulate an electric field, wherein the electric field is configured to manipulate the biological material; wherein a surface of the at least one electrode and/or the photoconductive material is modified with at least one of a carboxylic moiety, an amino moiety, a poly(ethylene glycol) moiety, a polymer of (poly(ethylene oxide)methyl ether)acrylate, a poly(2-hydroxyethyl(meth)acrylate), a poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone), a poly(N-vinylformamide), a poly(N-vinylformamide) derivative, a poly((meth)acrylamide), and a poly((meth)acrylamide) derivative. Methods for manipulating biological material are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present teachings relate to systems and methods for separation of substances such as cells, nucleic acids, and carbon nanotubes. The substances are combined with a separation medium in a liquid sample cavity, for example a microchannel, and transit through the separation by optically activated dielectrophoretic forces. The substances are advantageously labeled and visualized using a microscope and camera.

Abstract: A liquid container arrangement for controlling the level of liquid in a container is disclosed. The liquid container arrangement includes a first compartment open to atmosphere and to which evaporative loss of liquid occurs and a second compartment that is closed to atmosphere and in liquid communication with the first compartment. The liquid container arrangement also includes adjustment means for adjusting the level of the liquid in the second compartment to vary the level of the liquid in the first compartment.

Abstract: A method for sorting cells in a biological sample comprising a first type of cells and a second type of cells may comprise introducing the biological sample into a chamber comprising a first surface and a second surface, wherein the first surface is associated with a transparent electrode and the second surface is associated with a photoconductive portion of an electrode. The method may further comprise moving incident light and the photoconductive portion relative to one another so as to illuminate regions of the photoconductive portion and modulate an electric field in the chamber in proximity to the illuminated regions. The method may further comprise separating the first type of cells from the second type of cells in the chamber via dielectrophoretic movement of the first type of cells and the second type of cells caused by the modulated electric field, wherein a dielectrophoretic characteristic of at least one of the first type of cells and the second type of cells has been modified.

Abstract: A high voltage electrode and method of construction is provided including a multi-layered composition to optimize dielectric strength, dielectric constant, structural strength and durability. The high voltage electrode can be utilized as a submergible drop-in unit for easy installation within a fluid holding tank such as a water cooling tower. The submergible generator includes a channel that houses a charged electrode, and functions as a ground electrode to the charged electrode, and also functions as a fluid diverter.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for addressing and driving an electrode array includes addressing one or more electrodes within the array using a plurality of row and column lines. In one aspect, a value corresponding to a voltage is stored in a local memory associated with each electrode. The addressed electrodes are then driven at the voltages corresponding to the stored values. In another aspect of the method, a driving element associated with each addressed electrode is selectively coupled with a voltage line so as to charge the electrode with the voltage on the voltage line. The device and methods may be used in the synthesis of biopolymers such as oligonucleotides and peptides.

Abstract: In the method of controlling an aluminum reduction cell with prebaked anodes an area of reduced alumina concentration is defined in the cell by measuring the present electrical current values in at least one anode of the cell independently of other anodes. Upon detection of the electric current reduction in this anode, the rate of alumina feeding is increased into a bath of the cell at the area of reduced alumina concentration.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and apparatus for controlling catalytic processes, including catalyst regeneration and soot elimination. An alternating current is applied to a catalyst layer and a polarization impedance of the catalyst layer is monitored. The polarization impedance may be controlled by varying the asymmetrical alternating current. At least one of water, oxygen, steam and heat may be provided to the catalyst layer to enhance an oxidation reaction for soot elimination and/or to regenerate the catalyst.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of ?-substituted carboxylic acids from the series including ?-hydroxycarboxylic acids and N-substituted-?-aminocarboxylic acids by cathodic carboxylation with carbon dioxide of a compound corresponding to the general formula R1—C(?X)R2 which is constituted by aldehydes, ketones or N-substituted imines. In the past, that carboxylation has taken place in an undivided electrolytic cell with the use of a sacrificial anode. As described herein, the carboxylation takes place in the absence of a sacrificial anode in an electrolytic cell divided by a separator, at a diamond film cathode. The anode is formed of a material which is stable under electrolytic conditions; in particular, it is a diamond film electrode. The catholyte includes an organic solvent and a conducting salt.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for providing a substance for the analysis of isotope ratios, at least some of the substance being contained in a liquid phase in which the liquid phase is subjected to electrolysis and, in the process, the substance or a pre-product for the latter is formed.

Abstract: The present invention provides an oxygen-reduction gas diffusion cathode having: a porous conductive substrate; diamond particle having a hydrophobic surface; and catalyst particle, the diamond particle and the catalyst particle being disposed on the porous conductive substrate, and a method of sodium chloride electrolysis using the cathode.

Abstract: A method for conditioning an Ecmp pad is provided. In one embodiment, a method for electrochemically processing a substrate includes the steps of providing an electrical bias voltage between the top surface of the pad assembly and an electrode, and electrochemically removing contaminants from the top surface of the pad.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of making compositions for sensor films used for detecting chemical analytes within sensors, such as polymer-absorption chemiresistors (i.e., conductometric sensors). The sensor films have reduced cross-sensitivity to temperature, while maintaining sensitivity to the chemical analytes. The sensor matrix includes components that are associated with a first temperature coefficient of resistance, such as a polymer resin and/or a first conductive particle. The sensor matrix further comprises a second species, preferably a conductive particle, which has a second temperature coefficient of resistance that is opposite to the first temperature coefficient of resistance. The second species has an opposite influence on a resistance response of the sensor from the first species. In this manner, the sensor matrix exhibits a minimized response in resistance to any changes in temperature.

Abstract: To provide a medical kit capable of housing a medical instrument and a medicinal solution together, whose manufacturing is easy. In a medical kit (1) provided with a medical instrument housing portion (2) housing a medical instrument and sealed with a covering material (7), and a medicinal solution housing portion (4) housing a medicinal solution and sealed with a covering material (9), a medical kit (1) is of a constitution consisting of the medical instrument housing portion (2) and the medicinal solution housing portion (4) being detachably fitted, a mounting portion (3) preferably being formed in a flange portion (5) of the medical instrument housing portion (2) where the medicinal solution housing portion (4) can be detachably fitted.

Abstract: The present continuous positive airway pressure machine bag invention is a bag that will allow emergency personnel to have the CPAP machines at hand, transportable, and easily and quickly accessible and protected. While the present CPAP machine bag invention is sized to fit a specific CPAP machine, it is thought that this invention will either fit other machines or will be adaptable or modifiable to fit other machines. The web grab handle, the ribbon handle at the zipper pulls, the two handles, the removable shoulder strap, and the extension of the tongue add to the convenience and importance of the invention, which may even be useful to non-emergency personnel or to emergency personnel for other gear or usage.

Abstract: A coating kit enabling a novice user to successfully apply a floor coating composition, including a large sized container (with lid) capable of holding within a series of smaller containers associated with the kit. A further smaller sized container with lid is provided for holding a first reacting coating ingredient. Another smaller container likewise holds a second reacting ingredient, and a third smaller fluidic container dispensing a preparation (pretreat) product prior to coating. At least one slip resistant additive (e.g., aluminum oxide or paint flake chips) is held within a containing medium in turn inserted within the first container. At least one applicating device (e.g., a brush, roller mixing wand) is held within the first container.

Abstract: A cigarette carton comprises of front and rear panels with interconnecting top and bottom panels, and opposite end closures. At least one of the end closures includes and outside end panel having an insertion tongue or tuck tab and a cooperating inside end flap with a tongue retaining slit for releasably retaining the tongue or tuck tab of the end panel whereby the end of the carton is releasably closed.

Abstract: One-part case for digital records' carriers with possibility of connection with cases of the same type presented in FIGS. 1 and 7 and made of the polymeric material using the technology of injection moulding consists of the lower portion (1) and the upper portion (2) connected by one or more foldable joints (3). The portions of the case are fitted with elements which are used for interpositioning of the cases of the same type, in the form of spherical projections (7) and spherical indentations (8), and with elements for interconnecting of the cases of the same type, in the form of elastic consoles (4) and slots (6). The cases are joined into separable stacks of two or more cases of the same type by pressing the loose ends of the elastic consoles (4) of the open upper case into the slots (6) of the closed lower case. The stacked cases represent a single solid body within which there is no movement of the cases. The stack can be disassembled at any point by stretching the stack.

Abstract: A “protective structure of disc packaging” of the invention is composed of an upper lid, a lower lid and a casing that are formed on the top and the bottom sides and the perimeters of a pile of discs, and a heat-shrinkable film covers the protective body and said discs together to retaining the disc quality during the disc packaging and delivery processes. The characteristic of the invention lies in: the upper lid and the lower lid are respectively composed of at least two interlaced disc-shaped plates, which possess wavy buffer portions that are made of corrugated paper or plastic corrugated sheet. When the upper and the lower disc-shaped plates are disposed, the undulating buffer portions of the disc-shaped plates are vertically stacked up, in addition, the sizes of the disc-shaped plates are larger than the sizes of the discs and the casing being shaped as a roll.

Abstract: A “protective structure of disc packaging” of the invention comprises a protective body placed on the top and the bottom sides of a pile of discs; a heat-shrink film covers the protective body and said discs together for avoiding the discs from deforming the heat-shrink film. The characteristic of the invention lies in: the protective body is composed of at least two interlaced disc-shaped plates, which are made of corrugated paper or plastic corrugated sheet with wavy buffer portions. When the upper and the lower disc-shaped plates are disposed, the undulating buffer portions of the disc-shaped plates are vertically stacked up; in addition, the size of each disc-shaped plate is larger than the disc. The invention, therefore, is able to achieve the objectives of retaining the disc quality during the disc packaging and delivery processes, in addition, effectively reducing the disc packaging costs based on the requirement of environmental protection.

Abstract: A combined beverage straw and device for deploying media on disk, used preferably with containerized straws. A holster, or various mateable connectors, join around the straw, and provide a holder for a typical CD-ROM or DVD disk.

Abstract: A protective case with a combination hinge and swivel connector for the lid. The lid opens in clamshell fashion and then swivels around and folds down over the back of the case so that the back of the shell nests in the lid. The lid, when folded back in this manner, provides a comfortable surface for holding the open case in the hand.

Abstract: A protective cover for use on one or more saw blades. An insert can be positioned on the saw blade(s). The cover is formed from a heat shrinking material that is shrunk around the saw blade(s) to provide a thin close fitting cover that protects teeth on the saw blade(s). A tag can be attached to the cover and/or saw blade(s) and/or an insert. The tag has a security device disposed thereon. The tag can be used to hang the saw blade(s) from a display device.

Abstract: A modular system facilitates packaging, marking, handling, sterilizing, tracking, tagging and storing small components such as surgical screws. A small, suitably cylindrical or similar cell receives a screw or other component and seats the component in a predetermined orientation. A complementary cap is adapted to engage the cell from above, closing the top and retaining the component in the cell. The cap is also adapted for use as a tool for handling the cell and the component contained therein. A coupling between the cell and the the cap allows the cap to be snapped securely on the cell under manual pressure; the coupling is further adapted to release on application of sufficient bending moment across the co-axis of the cell and cap.

Abstract: The present invention related to a tool box and, more particularly, to a tool box for a single-stack tool rack, which comprises an upright pivot shaft, a plurality of tool boxes respectively pivoted to the upright pivot shaft and arranged in a stack, and a carrying handle provided at the top side of the upright pivot shaft. The carrying handle is formed of a handle body mountable to the upright pivot shaft, and a hand tool detachably connected to the handle body to serve as a handgrip.

Abstract: A tool handle type tool box, which includes a first cover shell, which has a connector at one end and hexagonal coupling holes formed in the connector for the mounting of a tool bit adapter to hold a tool bit for working, a second cover shell, which forms with the first cover shell a grip and has a tool bit tray detachably set therein for holding tool bits and two C-shaped coupling rings disposed at one end and pivotally coupled to the connector of the first cover shell.

Abstract: A collapsible container includes a plurality of walls collapsible onto the base. At least one wall has a support pivotably and slidably mounted to an upper end portion thereof. The support is pivotable between a support position where it is partially supported on an adjacent wall and a retracted position. In the retracted position, the wall can be pivoted downward onto the base, with a portion of the support passing through a channel formed on the interior of the adjacent wall. As the wall is pivoted to the upright position, the support is automatically deployed into the support position by its engagement with the channel.

Abstract: A package and a method for packaging one or more rolls of material are provided. The package includes a tray defining at least one cavity and at least one compressed roll of material positioned within a respective cavity. The package also includes a lid attached to a surface of the tray covering the cavity to define an enclosed volume and to enclose the at least one compressed roll within the enclosed volume.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for providing decorative covers, decorative collars and decorative cover-collar combinations for covering a flower pot. The decorative covers and/or collars are formed from a variety of configurations of heat shrinkable sheet of material placed over all or a portion of a peripheral surface of the flower pot and then heated to shrink the sheet of material into a pressing engagement against the outer peripheral surface of the flower pot.

Abstract: A card file is described herein including a base and a lid hingedly joined together. The base includes a base panel, front, back and side walls. Likewise, the lid includes a lid panel, front, back and side walls. The front, back, and side walls, of both the base and lid extend away from respective ones of the base and lid panels. The front and back walls diverge away from one another moving away from the base or lid panel. Likewise, the side walls diverge away from one another moving away from the base or lid panel. A first storage space is defined between the base panel and respective front back and side walls of the base. Similarly, a second storage space is defined between the lid panel, and respective front, back and side walls of the lid. Thus, both the first and second storage spaces are generally smaller in cross-sectional area near respective base or lid panels than near the exposed edges of the front, back and side walls of the base and lid.

Abstract: A liquid container for a comestible product such as milk or juice includes a base having a substantially planar region, a top surface having a substantially planar region parallel to the substantially planar region of the base and having a pour spout. A sidewall is integrally formed with and extends between the base and top surface, and includes a structural load distributing feature that transfers loads from the top surface to the base. A handle is interposed between the base and top surface and integrally formed with the base, top surface, and sidewall. The containers can be arrayed into units and stacked on top of one another. A first flexible material such as a shrink wrap holds the individual containers together and a second flexible material maintains the stacked array of containers together so that cases that typically hold the containers can be eliminated.

Abstract: A carton includes a dispenser that dispenses articles such as cylindrical beverage cans through an elongated opening defined by a detachable portion of the carton. The detachable portion extends across the majority of the length of a front wall of the carton from a bottom edge of the carton toward the top edge of the carton. The elongated opening has a narrower tapered portion through which the ends of certain articles in upper tiers are partially exposed such that the user can gauge the quantity of articles remaining in the carton, and a wider portion through which the ends of certain articles in the lowermost tier are fully exposed for removal from the carton.

Abstract: An apparatus for storing a bioprosthetic device includes a container for receiving the bioprosthetic device within an opening in the container. The storage apparatus includes an induction seal having a foil layer and a heat seal layer for sealing the opening of the container. A pull tab is located on the induction seal and includes an aperture therein that facilitates bonding the induction seal to the container and/or otherwise sealing the container. A substantially hermetic seal is created by the induction seal. The apparatus may be opened with relative ease by pulling on the pull tab. The apparatus also reduces the risk of spillage of sterilant solution upon opening.

Abstract: A sterilization container system for sterilizing objects therein comprising (a) an outer case having a bottom and four outer case side walls, said outer case bottom and said outer case four side walls defining an outer case interior; (b) an outer case lid; (c) a liner; (d) an inner tray having an inner tray bottom and four inner tray side walls, said inner tray bottom and four inner tray side walls defining an inner tray interior; and (e) optionally, an inner tray lid; wherein in use, said inner tray carries one or more objects for sterilization in said inner tray interior, said inner tray optionally having said inner tray lid thereon and wrapped within said liner to form a wrapped inner tray, and said wrapped inner tray located in said outer case interior, with said outer case lid closing said interior of said outer case.

Abstract: A lens and cartridge packaging system and method of use which simplify the removal and transfer of an IOL to an IOL insertion device is disclosed. The packaging system enables a user to easily load an IOL into a cartridge without the use of forceps. In addition, the packaging system also allows a user to fold and insert the IOL into a cartridge without damaging the IOL and/or compromising IOL sterility. In addition, the related methods of use minimize and/or eliminate damage to the IOL during unpackaging, folding, transfer and loading procedures.

Abstract: This device serves as a means to store poker chips as well as a receptacle for use during the play of a game in which poker chips are used. The device is constructed with five vertical cylindrical sections in which poker chips are easily stacked and stored. The diameter of the cylindrical sections is slightly larger than that of a poker chip. The cylindrical sections that make up the assembly are in a line, attached and adjacent one to the other. A small portion of each cylinder is cut away to leave an open segment on the front of each cylinder and one on the rear of each cylinder. The open segments of each cylinder are located 180° from each other and wide enough to allow a thumb on one side and a finger on the other to grasp one or more chips.

Abstract: A multi-chamber tube package which comprises a first tube chamber having a tube nozzle channel extending from a tube shoulder and terminating in an outlet, and a second tube chamber having a tube nozzle channel terminating in an outlet adjoining the first outlet. The tube nozzle channels enable the dispensing of the multiple preparations from the chambers. The nozzle channels lead to an outlet where the first preparation and the second preparation meet and coalesce to form a common strand. The two channels and the chambers associated with them have a defined ratio to each other. One nozzle channel may be subdivided into one or more parallel branches and/or the nozzle channels may have orifice rims or edges which lie on different planes.

Abstract: An exemplary packing apparatus includes a main body (201), a cover (202), and a partition layer (212). The cover is configured to be attached to the main body and cooperatively forms a receiving space with the main body. The partition layer is received within the receiving space.

Abstract: The present invention provides a package for housing an automotive accessory package, comprising a front panel extending in a first plane; a rear panel extending in a second plane which is substantially parallel to the first plane when the package is in an assembled condition; and a display hanger formed in the rear panel and having a periphery a first portion of which is separable from the rear panel and a second portion of which is adapted for pivotal movement relative to the rear panel. The front panel includes a window that permits a consumer to view an automotive accessory stored within the package.

Abstract: An array of packages including at least a first package including a product therein. The first package has at least a first display face. The first display face has a first display face area and includes first indicia having a first area and representing the name of the product or the product manufacturer and second indicia having a second area including an equity building advertising message for the product in the package. The second area of the second indicia is greater than the first area of the first indicia on the first display face of the package. The array also includes at least a second package including a product therein. The second package has a second display face. The second display face has a second display face area and includes the first indicia of the first package and the second display face does not include the second indicia of the first package.

Abstract: A package for a product having at least a first face and a second face. The first face is intended to be displayed to a consumer when the package is displayed for sale. The first face has a first face area and includes first indicia having a first area and representing the name of the product or the product manufacturer. The first face also has second indicia having a second area including an equity building advertising message for the product in the package. The second area of the second indicia is greater than the first area of the first indicia on the first face of the package.

Abstract: A single package for personalizing a product in a container includes a plurality of containers. Each container has a volume to hold a product and an exterior surface. The exterior surface of each container is unlabeled. A label kit provides for labeling the containers, and an enclosure holds the containers and the label kit in a single package.

Abstract: A cleansing wipe pack includes: a container; a stack of tissues stored in the container; a bag disposed in the container and defining an enclosed space therein; and an amount of a cleansing liquid stored sealingly in the enclosed space in the bag.

Abstract: The present invention provides an easy-open encasement 100 formed of a soft encasement member in the form of a film. An opening or an openable portion 150 is formed in the soft encasement member, which allows a user to extract contents from the encasement. Furthermore, a lid member 200, which can be peelably adhered to the soft encasement member, is adhered to the surface of the soft encasement member such that it covers the opening or openable portion 150. With such a structure, a tab 210 is provided at a part of the perimeter of the lid member 200, which serves as a starting point that allows the user to peel off the lid member 200. Furthermore, the tab 210 includes a hinge portion 212, which allows the user to raise said tab 210, or a flap elevated from the surface of the encasement.