Abstract: A liquid crystal element includes a first transparent electrode (14) and a second transparent electrode (15), which have different concentric split areas (14a-14d) and (15a-15e), each of the split areas (14a-14d) of the first transparent electrode (14) faces two areas out of the split areas (15a-15e) of the second transparent electrode (15), and on the other hand, each of the split area (15a) and the split area (15e) out of the split areas (15a-15e) of the second transparent electrode (15) faces only one area, i.e., the split area (14a) and (14d) of the first transparent electrode (14), and each of the other split areas (15b-15d) faces two areas out of the split areas (14a-14d) of the first transparent electrode (14).

Abstract: A flexible display of a reflection type is disclosed. An electrolyte layer with a relatively high polarity and a non-electrolyte layer with a relatively low polarity are arranged between two electrodes such that an image is displayed in accordance with movements of the electrolyte layer and non-electrolyte layer caused by an electric field applied to the layers. A reflection plate is arranged on a lower surface of the display such that the color of the image may be modified in accordance with a change in the color of the reflection plate.

Abstract: An LCD including a mold frame including a plurality of sidewalls and at least one support extending from at least one of the plurality of sidewalls into a storage space defined therein by the plurality of sidewalls, an LCD panel disposed in the storage space of the mold frame, a flexible printed circuit board including a circuit for driving the LCD panel electrically connected to the LCD panel, at least one fixing member formed on a first sidewall of the plurality of sidewalls of the mold frame to protrude from the first sidewall into the storage space and to thereby fix the LCD panel, a light guiding plate positioned in the storage space of the mold frame, and a light source positioned at one side of the light guiding plate. The flexible printed circuit board is bent along the first sidewall of the mold frame and the fixing members are formed on the first sidewall.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device of the present invention prevents certainly disconnection and electrical short of a wiring pattern of a flexible wiring board, and enhances bond strength between a liquid crystal panel and the flexible wiring board. A liquid crystal panel is provided with substrates, a liquid crystal and external connection terminals formed on one substrate. A flexible wiring board includes a wiring pattern connected with the external connection terminals of the liquid crystal panel. An anisotropic conductive film electrically connects between the external connection terminals of the liquid crystal panel and the wiring pattern of the flexible wiring board. And the anisotropic conductive film is extended from a formation area of the external connection terminals to an outside area along the flexible wiring board.

Abstract: A display device is provided, which includes: a display panel including a plurality of gate lines, a plurality of data lines, a plurality of switching elements connected to the gate lines and the data lines, a plurality of pixel electrodes connected to the switching elements, and a plurality of lead lines including contact portions; and a driving circuit mounted on the display panel and connected to the contact portions of the lead lines for receiving signals from an external device and to the data lines or the gate lines for applying data voltages or gate signals, wherein at least one of the lead lines has a first portion having a first width and a second portion connected to the contact portion and having a second width larger than the first width.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of a display device, which prevents electrostatic breakdown of the display device both before and after a circuit test without reducing the productivity in forming a plurality of display devices on a substrate to be processed by a step-and-repeat exposing method. A wiring pattern group led out from signal input terminals of the display devices to the edge of the substrate to be processed is efficiently formed by exposing to light through a repetitive pattern integrated with a display device pattern. Depending on the states of the wiring pattern group as to contact or non-contact with a detachable and conductive component, the signal input terminals of the display devices can be easily switched between in a short circuited state and a non-short circuited state. Accordingly, both the measure against electrostatic breakdown and the circuit test are achieved in the display devices on the substrate to be processed.

Abstract: A hermetic container includes includes a first substrate, a second substrate opposed to the first substrate, a frame arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate, and a composite member arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate. The frame is composed of a frame member, a first seal bonding material effecting seal bonding between the frame member and the first substrate, and a second seal bonding material effecting seal bonding between the frame member and the second substrate. The composite member is composed of a first member, a first adhesive material bonding the first member and the first substrate to each other, and a second adhesive material bonding the first member and the second substrate to each other.

Abstract: To obtain truly flexible electro-optic films for image display or other related applications and to obtain a low cost solution for making electro-optic films, a new concept for manufacturing such films is disclosed. The method disclosed in this invention include mixing liquid crystal with “sponge particles” having fibril or porous surface morphology, coating such mixture directly on substrates with conductive electrodes and laminating with release liner or another substrate having conductive electrodes. The electro-optic films manufactured by using traditional R2R coating techniques. The electro-optic film manufactured by the method disclosed in the invention can be used for segment type, passive matrix type or active matrix type display applications or other related applications.

Abstract: A multi-domain alignment liquid crystal display device in which liquid crystal molecules are aligned through a simple process and panel gap is maintained in stable fashion includes a first plate having a thin-film transistor provided at each point of intersection of a scanning line and signal line, a pixel electrode connected to the thin-film transistor and a first orientation layer formed on the pixel electrode and defining a curved surface, and a second plate having RGB color layers, an counterelectrode provided so as to oppose the pixel electrode, and a second orientation layer. A columnar spacer for regulating the panel gap is provided between the two opposing plates, and liquid crystal is sandwiched between the two plates and subjected to multi-domain alignment by the first orientation layer having the curved surface and the columnar spacer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) device includes a backlight assembly with a light source between a liquid crystal panel and a bottom. A heat sink is disposed on the bottom case to irradiate heat out of the liquid crystal display device. The heat sink may be located where the heat is accumulated by thermal convection, or near the top of the LCD device.

Abstract: Disclosed are a liquid crystal display device 10 and a method of making such liquid crystal display device that improves display quality by providing heat dissipation pattern 4 for effectively dissipating heat generated by the driver ICs 2. The heat dissipation pattern 4 is formed on a glass substrate of a liquid crystal panel 1 along one side thereof so as to minimize non-uniform thermal distribution on the liquid crystal panel 1 at locations adjacent to and distant from the driver ICs 2.

Abstract: A polarizer includes a polarizing element, a first protective layer and a second protective layer and a surface treatment layer. The first and the second protective layer are formed on opposing sides of the polarizing element. The surface treatment layer is formed on the first protective layer and includes at least two kinds of scattering materials having different refraction indexes from each other. An inside haze value by the scattering materials is in a range of about 25% to about 50%. An outside haze value at the surface of the surface treatment layer is in a range of about 0.1% to about 1%.

Abstract: There is provided a spectacle frame comprising: a front for holding therein two lenses; the front having front end pieces extending rearward at each end thereof, each front end piece having an upper portion and a lower portion; and one of the upper portion and the lower portion having a geometric projection for engagement in and disengagement from a corresponding sized and shaped geometric opening in the other of the upper portion and the lower portion, the engagement and disengagement being by lateral movement only. A clip for engagement with front end pieces of a spectacle frame is also disclosed.

Abstract: An accessory comprises an insertion part, which is inserted into a through hole provided in the direction of thickness of a lens of eyeglasses and configured by combining an insertion core part with a sheathing member made of an elastic material, and a basic accessory part arranged jointly at an end of the insertion core part on the side of a surface of the lens. The insertion part is fixed to the lens by being pressed against the through hole with repulsive force caused by the compression of the sheathing member.

Abstract: Protective eyewear for protecting a wearer's eyes during a sporting event. The protective eyewear comprises a frame and a metal protective section. The frame includes a top support, a pair of armatures, and a grooved opening traversing the top support and each armature. The metal protective section includes a perimeter and an extension attached to the perimeter and shape to be removably engaged to the grooved opening in the frame. Additionally, the metal protective section includes a plurality of substantially aligned elongated bars horizontally segmenting the metal protective section. A plurality of cross members is vertically positioned to connect the elongated bars of the metal protective section and protect the eyes of the wearer.

Abstract: An eyeglass lens and manufacturing method using a variable refractive index material, such as epoxy. In one embodiment, a method of making an eyeglass lens includes: imaging a patient's eye to determine a wavefront prescription for the patient; and curing the lens based on the wavefront prescription such that the wavefront guided lens corrects for aberrations over the lens for a plurality of gazing angles of the patient.

Abstract: This invention pertains to an attachment for bifocal eyeglasses which is a dynamic frame fitted with the lens for intermediate vision which will lie in front of the middle one third of the bifocal lens during computer use providing three zones of vision at a time without changing the head position or changing to a separate computer eye glass. This attachment along with the bifocal eye glass enables the optical centers of the distant vision and intermediate vision lens to overlap with each other falling on the visual axis, coinciding with the pupillary center of the eye at the primary head position overcoming strain, distortions and aberrations. This dynamic frame is locked at the side of the main frame with the help of press locks when ‘not in use’. This invention makes long hours of computer work comfortable and helps to overcome computer vision syndrome.

Abstract: The present invention provides multifocal lenses containing at least four zones of different refractive power. The zones are positioned such that the wearer is able to use the inferior-most portion of the lens to more clearly, as compared to conventional multifocal lenses, view objects at distances more than 45 cm from the eye.

Abstract: In one aspect, the present invention provides a method of designing a diffractive ophthalmic lens (e.g., an intraocular lens (IOL)) that includes providing an optic having an anterior refractive surface and a posterior refractive surface, wherein the optic provides a far-focus power (e.g., in a range of about 18 to about 26 Diopters (D)). A truncated diffractive structure can be disposed on at least one of the surfaces for generating a near-focus add power (e.g., in a range of about 3 D to about 4 D). And the diffractive structure can be adjusted so as to obtain a desired distribution of optical energy between the near and far foci for a range of pupil sizes.

Abstract: Briefly described, one embodiment of the system, among others, can be implemented as follows. The system includes a computer control system and an environmental light source that is controlled by the computer control system such that an amount of light provided by the environmental light source is adjusted by the computer control so that ocular parameters of an examinee are within a targeted range. Further, the system includes an irradiation system that provides multiple angle and axial eccentricity illuminations and selective wavelength irradiation based upon instructions received from the computer control system, wherein the computer control system instructs the irradiation system to provide different irradiation characteristics for different screening procedures. Also, the system includes an image detection system that captures ocular images of the examinee, wherein the computer control system analyzes captured images and provides results of in-situ analysis. Other systems and methods are also provided.

Abstract: This invention comprises a method that enables a computer user to relieve or avoid computer vision syndrome by means of eye exercises and stress reduction techniques. One aspect of the invention consists of a computer program that displays eye exercises on the computer screen after a predetermined time interval or after a predetermined number of keystrokes. Another aspect of the invention consists of a computer program that displays a message on the computer screen after a predetermined time interval or after a predetermined number of keystrokes or during an asynchronous time break, reminding the user to perform stress reduction techniques. Another aspect of the invention is a computer program that displays information on the computer screen about computer ergonomics, the visual system, nearpoint stress, and computer vision syndrome.

Abstract: Devices systems, and methods can measure, diagnose and/or characterize an eye of a patient, including physiologic and optical properties, such as hydration and tear volume in relation to an optical surface of the eye, including topography of a corneal surface of the eye and/or a wavefront elevation map of the eye. The system forms an image of a tear meniscus along an eyelid. The eye can be illuminated so that the meniscus appears as a dark band in the image. Tear volume can be determined by measuring a height across the tear meniscus. The tear volume can be used to determine the optical properties of the tear of the eye and to diagnose conditions of the eye. The patient can be screened for treatment of the eye with refractive surgery using a measured pupil size, hydration and topography and/or wavefront.

Abstract: A sequential wavefront sensor comprises a light beam scanning module, a sub-wavefront focusing lens, a detector with more than one photosensitive area and a processor for calculating the sequentially obtained centroids of a number focused light spots from the sub-wavefronts to determine the aberration of the input wavefront. A sequential wavefront sensing method comprises the steps of; sequentially projecting a number of sub-wavefronts onto a sub-wavefront focusing lens and a detector with more than one photosensitive areas, calculating the centroid of the focused light spot from each sub-wavefront, and processing the centroid information to determine the aberration of the wavefront.

Abstract: Detecting position information related to a face, and more particularly to an eyeball in a face, using a detection and ranging system, such as a Radio Detection And Ranging (“RADAR”) system, or a Light Detection And Ranging (“LIDAR”) system. The position information may include a location of the eyeball, translational motion information related to the eyeball (e.g., displacement, velocity, acceleration, jerk, etc.), rotational motion information related to the eyeball (e.g., rotational displacement, rotational velocity, rotational acceleration, etc.) as the eyeball rotates within its socket.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a fundus lens. This fundus lens includes a first aspheric lens and a second aspheric lens and a diffractive optical element. This diffractive optical element is placed between the first and second aspheric lens and illuminated by an off access light source. The diffractive optical element contains a predetermined pattern which may be directed and imaged on a fundus. The first and second aspheric lenses are operable to gather light scattered by the fundus and provide the gathered light to a fundus camera. This fundus camera may then be operable to process the gathered light and determine the topography of the fundus.

Abstract: A method of determining the spatial relationship of an eye (10) of a person with respect to a camera device (20) which provides images of the eye (10) comprises: a model acquisition phase in which a customized model of the eye (10) is constructed and a reference spatial relationship of the eye model with respect to the camera device (20) is determined using a reference image of the eye (10); and a tracking phase in which position and/or rotation coordinates of the eye (10) are determined by aligning the eye model to a current image of the eye (10).

Abstract: A retinal scanning display device is disclosed which is configured to include: a light source emitting a light beam; a scanner scanning onto a viewer's retina the light beam emitted from the light source; a light exit at which the light beam scanned by the scanner exits the retinal scanning display device; and a pupil expanding element operable to expand an exit pupil of the retinal scanning display device. The pupil expanding element may be disposed at a position which is offset from an intermediate image plane occurring between the light source and the light exit, along and within an optical path defined between the light source and the light exit.

Abstract: An improved diagnostic ophthalmic lens using extra-low dispersion material, defined by having an Abbe Number, Vd>80, is provided. Such a single element diagnostic ophthalmic lens may be used for examination of the eye in conjunction with either an Indirect Ophthalmoscope or a Slit Lamp Biomicroscope.

Abstract: An adjustable and foldable device for visual field testing or treatment includes a computer display mounted on a base and presents visual stimuli to the patient. An associated head support assembly with a chinrest supports and positions the head of the subject with respect to the display. An articulated arm joins the base and the head support assembly. The arm will resist a given downward force supplied by the head, and is foldable toward the display to create a more compact and portable device. Additional articulations may allow the head support assembly to fold upon arm, and the arm to fold upon the base. The device may include a locking mechanism that secures the device in a folded or unfolded configuration.

Abstract: The invention regards a device for recording full picture frames onto a photosensitive material, comprising at least one light source, at least two full frame devices for modulating light from the light source, imaging optics for combining the modulated light from the light modulation devices and/or combining optics, and recording the modulated light onto the photosensitive material, thus exposing the photosensitive material frame by frame, a film transportation device adapted for exposing, section for section, sections of the photosensitive material to the modulated light. The invention also regards a device for simultaneous and synchronised recording of full picture frames and sound tracks onto a photosensitive material.

Abstract: A method for delivering digital cinema concurrently to a retail exhibitor and a remote theater that includes forming a digital cinema right-to-distribute contract between a content owner and a retail exhibitor. In addition, a digital cinema movie rental contract is formed between the retail exhibitor and a remote theater user. Newly released digital cinema content is delivered both to the remote theater and to the retail exhibitor. Display of the newly released digital cinema content occurs at the remote theater as early as the display of the newly released digital cinema content at the retail exhibitor.

Abstract: There is provided a laser display device that is applicable to mobile equipment, which device prevents laser light from being applied to a region other than a screen. A laser display device (100) is provided with a laser projection part (101) comprising at least one coherent light source and an optical system for converting light from the coherent light source into video, a screen (103) onto which the light emitted from the laser projection part (101) is projected, and an arm (102) that is attached to the screen (103) and supports the laser projection part (101), and the movable range and movable direction of the laser projection part (101) are limited by the arm (102) so that light from the laser projection part (101) is applied to only the screen (103).

Abstract: A projector system comprises an illumination system, at least one imager, a diffuser, and a projection lens. The illumination system generates a collimated light, which is provided to the imager. The at least one imager modulates the collimated light according to the information required for image formation. The diffuser receives the modulated collimated light, and diffuses it into a divergent light, thereby relaying the image from the imager to the diffuser. The projection lens projects the divergent light on the projection screen.

Abstract: A projection apparatus includes a distance measuring unit that measures a distance to a screen on which an image is to be projected; a projection unit that has a zoom mechanism unit capable of changing a zoom magnification of a projection image, executes focusing based on the distance measured by the distance measuring unit and projects an image on the screen; and an elevation angle control unit that controls an elevation angle of the distance measuring unit based on the zoom magnification set by the zoom mechanism unit in such a way that a distance measuring center line of the distance measuring unit corresponds to a center point of a projection area of the projection image, wherein the center point of a projection area is determined according to the zoom magnification of the zoom mechanism unit.

Abstract: An automatic dimming heat insulation film includes a substrate, a photosensitive layer, a blocking layer, a protection layer, an adhesive layer, and a stripping layer. The substrate includes a first surface and a second surface. The photosensitive layer made of photosensitive polymer is coated on the first surface of the substrate. The blocking layer containing short-wave blocking agent is coated on the photosensitive layer. The protection layer is coated on the blocking layer. The adhesive layer is coated on the second surface of the substrate. The stripping layer is coated on the adhesive layer.

Abstract: A system of changing environment influence on display is applied to a projection system. A reflection device is disposed between light management module and lenses module and configured for preventing environment light from the lenses module, so as to change the brightness of dark field and enhance contrast for display screen.

Abstract: A projector system includes an image generator and at least one projector for receiving an image from the image generator and projecting the image onto a screen to provide a final projected image. A computer generates correction data based on a calibration process that includes comparing an uncorrected image projected by the at least one projectors with a geometrically correct image. Wherein the at least one projector maps incoming pixel locations from the image generator to corrected pixel locations in the final projected image based on the correction data.

Abstract: Application of dual photography is simplified by reducing the number of captured images needed to generate a light transport matrix T of (p×q) projection pixel array from (p×q) images to (p+q) images. Manipulation of the light transport matrix is also simplified by replacing the use of a matrix T with an index associating each projection pixel to only non-zero light transport values. By eliminating the use of zero-valued light transport coefficients, the memory and processing requirements for implementing dual photography are greatly reduced. This dual photography technique is applied to the calibration of projector-camera systems. A second method for calibrating projector-camera systems uses a known projection test pattern and a calibrated camera to associate projected markers on a real image to a captured image.

Abstract: An image created by a first projector is recreated using a second projector by relating the two projectors to a common point of view, preferably as viewed from a camera. A first transport matrix T1 is captured to relate the first projector to the camera. A second transport matrix T2 is then capture to relate the second projector to the camera. To have a first image p1, as projected by the first projector, reproduced by the second projector, the second projector projects a distorted image defined as (T2?1)(T1)p1. The inverse of T2, as used in this equation is an estimation defined by first creating an intermediate matrix {hacek over (T)} of equal size as T2. If a column in T2 is denoted as Tr and a corresponding column in {hacek over (T)} is denoted as {hacek over (T)}r, then the construction and population of {hacek over (T)} is defined as {hacek over (T)}r=Tr/(?Tr?)2, and the inverse of T2 is estimated as the transpose of {hacek over (T)}.

Abstract: The Portable Battlewall Display Stand provides a flexible, reliable, safe and rapid method for the mounting of flat panel displays and short focal length projectors in a single or dual mode. It offers the capability of coupling the stands, for flat panel display/projector media multi-use. Its tubular frame provides telescopic expansion, rigidity and light weight features, without sacrificing safety and reliability, by use of positive mechanical fastening hardware. It can be readily disassembled for transport and storage, presenting small volume for storage.

Abstract: When guiding diffused light to an optical member that has optical surfaces parallel to the optical axis, illumination unevenness is efficiently uniformized at the light emitting surface without an overall increase in length. There is provided a light guiding member, wherein a plurality of tapered rod sections which abut along a central axis direction passing substantially through the centers of an incident end disposed on a light source side and an emitting end disposed on an optical member side are provided between the incident end and the emitting end, and each tapered rod section is shaped to widen gradually from the incident end side towards the emitting end side at a constant taper angle, and a taper angle of each tapered rod section is set smaller than a taper angle of the adjacent tapered rod section on the incident end side.

Abstract: A projector capable of adjusting brightness and brightness uniformity includes a light module, a light pipe, a first lens module, a second lens module and an image module. The light module generates a light ray. The light pipe includes an entrance and an exit. The light ray is converged onto the entrance of the light pipe and outputted through the exit of the light pipe. The first lens module has a first focal surface, which overlaps the exit of the light pipe, and receives the light ray outputted through the exit of the light pipe. The second lens module has a second focal surface and receives the light ray outputted through the first lens module. The image module is disposed on the second focal surface of the second lens module and receives the light ray outputted through the second lens module.

Abstract: A projector comprises a light-emitting device for generating light beams, a reflector for focusing the light beams to a predetermined region, a light integrator positioned at the predetermined region and a brightness-adjusting module for adjusting the brightness of the projector by changing the relative distance of the reflector and the light integrator. Preferably, the reflector is an elliptical reflector having two foci, the light-emitting device is positioned at one of the two foci and the other focus is laid in the predetermined region. The present method for adjusting the brightness of a projector is characterized in adjusting the distance between the light integrator and the reflector to adjust the brightness of the projector.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a projection system that comprises an illumination system providing incident light, a projection lens for directing the incident light onto one or more spatial light modulator from where the incident light is modulated in accordance with a stream of image data derived from the desired image, and a projection lens for projecting the modulated light onto a screen.

Abstract: A projection apparatus having a single reflective light valve is provided. The projection apparatus includes a non-telecentric illumination system, a movable projection lens and a reflective light valve. The non-telecentric illumination system includes a light source and a lens. The light source is suitable for providing a light beam and the lens is disposed on the transmission path of the light beam. The movable projection lens is disposed behind the lens on the transmission path of the light beam for projecting an image. An image projected from the projection apparatus has an offset between 100%˜150%. The reflective light valve is disposed between the lens and the movable projection lens on the transmission path of the light beam. The reflective light valve has rows of horizontally arranged pixels.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for detecting a filter status. The apparatus is applied to an electronic apparatus, such as a projector, having a ventilation opening and a dust filter, and includes a filter status testing film and a photosensor. The filter status testing film is embedded in the dust filter. The photosensor determines a status of the dust filter by sensing a color variation of the filter status testing film. The method includes sensing the color variation of the dust filter and determining the status of the dust filter according to the color variation.

Abstract: A lens cleaning module is provided for a lithography system having an exposure apparatus including an objective lens. The system includes a scanning stage for supporting a wafer beneath the objective lens. A cleaning module coupling with the lithography system is provided for cleaning the objective lens in a non-manual cleaning process.

Abstract: An exposure system includes an exposure section for irradiating a formed resist film with exposing light through a mask with an immersion liquid provided on the resist film, and a drying section for drying a surface of the resist film after irradiation.

Abstract: A wavelength selecting method for selecting a wavelength of light, the light being used to detect a position of a target with a signal from an image of an alignment mark covered with resist, includes the steps of obtaining a reflectance of the resist at a position outside the alignment mark by irradiating lights having plural wavelengths to the resist at the position, and selecting one of the lights which one has a wavelength that provides the maximum value of reflectance among the reflectances measured by the measuring step or which one has a wavelength that falls within a predetermined wave range centering on the wavelength that provide the maximum reflectance.

Abstract: A laser straight ruler having a main body and a beam scanner installed on the main body. A laser beam is scanned to form a beam spot on an object. A position sensing device receives a laser beam reflected by the object and senses a position of the beam spot. A signal processing unit drives the beam scanner and processes a signal of the position sensing device. A display displays a change in a distance between the main body and the object and data including a measured distance value from the signal processing unit. An input portion inputs data including adjustment of a scanning width of the beam spot and sets start and end positions of the measured distance. A straight distance of the object is measured or the beam spot having a scanning width corresponding to a measured distance or a predetermined distance is projected to the object.