Abstract: An information processing apparatus includes a first display control section, a first input section, and a second display control section. The first display control section controls displaying of a plurality of content representative pictures so that the content representative pictures are displayed and arranged in a first direction. The content representative pictures represent a plurality of titles of content. Each of the titles of content is made up of a plurality of structural units. The first input section inputs a first user's operation to select one content representative picture from the displayed content representative pictures. The second display control section controls displaying of structural unit representative pictures so that the structural unit representative pictures are displayed and arranged in a second direction starting from the selected content representative picture when the first user's operation is input.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an information storage medium, and the program comprises referring to a manifest from a playlist that manages playback presentation of a playback presentation object, referring to one of a markup and a script from the manifest, monitoring defining of a name corresponding to an event in the markup, and generation of an event in response to the name corresponding to the event defined in the markup using an event listener in the script, and designating function contents that execute processing when the event is generated.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an information storage medium, and the program comprises referring to a manifest from a playlist that manages playback presentation of a playback presentation object, referring to one of a markup and a script from the manifest, monitoring defining of a name corresponding to an event in the markup, and generation of an event in response to the name corresponding to the event defined in the markup using an event listener in the script, and designating function contents that execute processing when the event is generated.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an information storage medium, and the program comprises referring to a manifest from a playlist that manages playback presentation of a playback presentation object, referring to one of a markup and a script from the manifest, monitoring defining of a name corresponding to an event in the markup, and generation of an event in response to the name corresponding to the event defined in the markup using an event listener in the script, and designating function contents that execute processing when the event is generated.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a first play list is generated if a first additional data stream is provided, and a second play list is generated if a second additional data stream is provided. The first play list links the main video data stream with the first additional data stream such that the main video data stream is reproduced with the first additional data stream if the first play list is reproduced. The second play list links the main video data stream with the second additional data stream such that the main video data stream is reproduced with the second additional data stream if the second play list is reproduced.

Abstract: A method is described for writing an audio/video information stream to an optical disc (2), and for reading the information from disc. The information stream comprises a plurality of alternative video parts (VS 1; VS2; VS3) which are recorded in an interleaved manner; an interleaved unit (IU(i)) comprises a plurality of angle blocks (ABj(i)), each angle block (ABj(i) comprising one portion (VSj(i)) of each of the alternative video stream parts (VSj). For each video portion, a plurality of entry points (EP) are defined. A user is allowed to change from one video stream (VS2) to another video stream (VS 1; VS3) at any moment during the playback of a video portion; the change will be effected at the first entry point after the user command. Thus, it is not necessary to wait until the video portion has been completely played back; thus, it is possible to define large angle block lengths, so that during normal play the jump frequency is reduced.

Abstract: An optical medium, such as Blu-ray Disc (BD) medium, presents audiovisual information in a user selected Karaoke mode by mixing first and second audio streams and a textual stream according to synchronization information. For instance, the first stream has instrumentation and the second stream has vocals so that the audio output from the streams may include normal play mixing both streams to have instrumentation and vocals, instrumentation-only play having only one stream presented, or instrumentation with guide vocals having the stream associated with vocals processed at a subdued volume or varied speaker location. Alternatively, the first stream has instrumentation with vocals and the second stream has inverse vocals so that mixing the streams provides subdued or no vocals. The text stream presents lyrics in a text box of a graphics plane of a display, the lyrics synchronized to the instrumentation and vocals.

Abstract: A multiplexed stream is inputted and includes multimedia coding data. A video stream is separated from the inputted multiplexed stream, and the separated video stream is decoded. A predetermined conversion process is performed in accordance with additional information indicating whether a mismatch is present in a relationship between the decoded data and the multimedia coding data.

Abstract: The invention relates to a detection method applied to digital coded video data available in the form of a video stream comprising consecutive frames divided into macroblocks themselves subdivided into contiguous blocks. These frames comprise I-frames, coded independently, P-frames, predicted from a previous I- or P-frame, and B-frames, bidirectionally predicted from at least two frames between which they are disposed.

Abstract: A multiplexed stream is inputted, and a video stream is separated therefrom. A predetermined conversion process is performed on the separated video stream. Whether multimedia coding data is contained in the multiplexed stream is determined. Coding control information for instructing the predetermined conversion process to not change a display format of the video stream is generated when the multimedia coding data is contained in the multiplexed stream. A multiplexed stream is generated which includes the converted video stream.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of conducting management operations such as deletion, copy, and movement of recorded still pictures recorded on a recording medium. The present method records still pictures onto a recording medium, groups the recorded still pictures based on their attributes, creates a list listing filenames of respective still pictures belonging to each still-picture group, and writes the filename list onto the recording medium. Afterwards, if a deleting or an inter-group moving command is received for a still picture recorded on the recording medium, the present method deletes a filename of the still picture written on the filename list including the filename of the still picture. Such a still picture managing method through a filename list ensures that moving, copying, and deleting operations of numerous recorded still pictures can be conducted easily.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an image blur correction apparatus, which may include a correction lens, a first guide section, a second guide section, a first driving section, a second driving section, and a position detection section. In the image blur correction apparatus, the first and second driving section may be composed of first and second coils, a magnet to apply magnetic force to the first and second coils, and a yoke to support the magnet. The two coils may be disposed in an intersecting and overlapping relationship with each other such that the direction of propelling force generated by the first coil and the direction of propelling force generated by the second coil both by action of the magnetic force of the magnet are directed to the first direction and the second direction, respectively. The position detection section may detect the magnetic force of the magnet to detect the position of the correction lens.

Abstract: An image pickup apparatus which includes a camera shake correction mechanism and determines exposure conditions including at least a shutter speed in response to brightness of an image pickup object, including acquisition means, decision means, and setting means. The acquisition means is configured to acquire a focal distance of a lens for converging an optical image of the image pickup object. The decision means is configured to decide a camera shake limit shutter speed corresponding to the acquired focal distance. The setting means is configured to set, where the camera shake correction mechanism is valid, a shutter speed lower than the camera shake limit shutter speed by an amount corresponding to a predetermined difference in exposure value to one end of a setting range of the shutter speed of the exposure condition.

Abstract: A zoom tracking method for digital camera is disclosed. The method comprises storing a position table comprising data of several zoom position curves respect to positions of a focus lens and move the focus lens position by looking up said position table while moving a zoom lens position. The curves are divided into a first linear region, a second linear region and a nonlinear region to reduce the table size while still achieving good image quality.

Abstract: A focus adjustment device includes an image sensor that includes imaging pixels for capturing an image formed via an imaging optical system and focus detection pixels for detecting a focus adjustment state at the imaging optical system, a focus detector that detects a focus adjustment state at the imaging optical system, and a focus adjustment controller that executes focus adjustment for the imaging optical system based upon the focus adjustment states detected with the image sensor and the focus detector.

Abstract: In an imaging device that performs pre-emission of strobe light prior to imaging, image data of a subject is obtained while the pre-emission is performed, and a target object is detected from the obtained image data. Then, a determination is made whether the luminance and/or gradation of the detected target object is less than or equal to a predetermined threshold value. If it is determined to be less than or equal to the predetermined threshold value, AF auxiliary light is irradiated toward the target object, and the distance to the target object is measured while the irradiation of AF auxiliary light is performed.

Abstract: In the AF processing section, the parameter obtaining section obtains a weighting parameter value for a principal component that represents a sharpness level of a face portion of an image, an example of a predetermined structure in an image, detected by the face detection section by applying the detected face portion to a model generated by a predetermined statistical processing, such as AAM or the like, based on a plurality of images that represent the face portion in different sharpness levels, and the control amount determination section determines the focus control amount according to the obtained parameter value.

Abstract: A focus adjustment device includes an image sensor that includes imaging pixels for capturing an image formed via an imaging optical system and focus detection pixels for detecting a focus adjustment state at the imaging optical system through a first pupil division-type image shift detection method, a focus detector that detects a focus adjustment state at the imaging optical system through a second pupil division-type image shift detection method different from the first pupil division-type image shift detection method, and a focus adjustment controller that executes focus adjustment for the imaging optical system based upon the focus adjustment states detected by the image sensor and the focus detector.

Abstract: An imaging apparatus is disclosed which analyzes image data of a subject acquired by an image pickup device to select an appropriate combination of exposure time, aperture, and exposure sensitivity upon shooting in order to perform exposure control. As an example of image data analysis methods, there is shown a method of detecting the movement of a characteristic point in an image, or a method of detecting luminance variations in a specific block or area in the image to detect the subject movement. As another exemplary method, a face of the subject is detected. The present invention can also be combined with a shake reduction mode.

Abstract: Apparatus for maintaining an unobstructed view for visual monitoring equipment comprises a housing to isolate the visual monitoring equipment from an external environment. An inlet to the housing is connectable to a source of gas under pressure for cooling and cleaning purposes. At least one outlet to the housing defines a view port to allow the visual monitoring equipment to acquire images external to the housing and to allow gas to exit the housing. The outlet constricts the flow of gas leaving the housing resulting in acceleration of the gas through the outlet to form an exit jet that maintains the outlet unobstructed by debris. The housing is simple in construction with few moving parts resulting in reliable and efficient operation.

Abstract: A digital device which can accommodate a large display yet still have a small overall size is provided. The digital device includes a first body with a lens and a display, and a second body with at least one operation button. The first and second body slide with respect to each other between a first position and a second position. The lens of the first body and the at least one operation button of the second body are exposed as the first body and the second body are slid into the first position.

Abstract: An image capturing apparatus for capturing a first image of a subject may include a detecting unit, a determining unit, and a display control unit. The detecting unit detects a user's operation for instructing activation of a function. The determining unit determines whether or not an instruction of capturing the first image is given on the basis of the detected instruction. The display control unit controls, when the instruction of capturing the first image is determined to be given, displaying of a third image among second images so that the third image is not superimposed on the first image. The second images allow the user to instruct activation of various functions. The third image allows the user to instruct activation of a function that is not operable by the user during the image capturing operation.

Abstract: Camera system and methods to capture panoramic imagery from a camera mounted on a moving platform, using low-cost digital image sensors. The panoramic imagery appears seamless and natural to the eye. The panoramic imaging system and methods are specifically designed to accommodate the long acquisition times of low-cost digital image sensors, despite the motion of the camera during image capture. Pairs of cameras are arranged about an axis and a pairwise firing sequence enables capturing a series of adjacent images without gap or overlap. Additionally, when combined with suitable supplemental sensors, the image data provide location information about objects in the image for use in elementary photogrammetry.

Abstract: A modular optical switch includes a set of optical switch modules connected in a mesh, a master controller for the whole optical node and a switch-module controller for each of the optical switch modules. The optical switch modules receive optical signals from, and transmit optical signals to, edge nodes based on connection requests received from the edge nodes. The master controller acts to select a path, using a simple or compound time-slot matching process, through the mesh of switch modules for each optical signal related to a connection request. Advantageously, the optical switch modules are fast switching, enabling the use of time-sharing schemes such as TDM, and the modular optical core node is made practical by efficient path selection at the master controller. A hybrid modular switch may include both optical and electronic switch modules, a master controller, and a switch-module controller for each of the switch modules.

Abstract: A method for negotiating speed between a Fibre Channel (FC) local client and a remote FC client across a DWDM network is provided. A transmission speed of the local FC client at a local ingress transport interface is detected. The data from the local FC client is forwarded along with the detected transmission speed to a remote egress transport interface. The remote egress interface forwards the data at the detected transmission speed to the remote FC client. The present invention eliminates complex speed negotiation state machines that would otherwise be required to make the DWDM transport behave like a virtual wire with respect to the FC ports and to allow the FC clients to negotiate the desired speed directly between themselves.

Abstract: An optical network system includes a central office (CO) comprising an A-band BLS to be injected into a light source for downstream signals, an A-band BLS coupling device for coupling the A-band BLS, a first wavelength-division multiplexer/demultiplexer connected to the A-band BLS coupling device for multiplexing/demultiplexing, and a plurality of first optical transceivers connected to the first wavelength-division multiplexer/demultiplexer; a remote node (RN) comprising a B-band BLS coupling device and a second wavelength-division multiplexer/demultiplexer connected to the B-band BLS coupling device for multiplexing/demultiplexing, and being connected to the CO through an optical fiber; and a plurality of optical network terminations (ONTs) including a plurality of second optical transceivers connected to the second wavelength-division multiplexer/demultiplexer, wherein either the RN or one of the plurality of ONTs further includes a B-band BLS to be injected to a light source for upstream signals.

Abstract: An IR blaster including one or more IR emitting LEDs used to generate IR signals for controlling operations of a plurality of controlled appliance and a plurality of fiber optic cables where one or more of the plurality of fiber optic cables are in light communication with an IR emitting LED. Each fiber optic cable is provided for distributing the IR signals generated by an IR LED to a respective one of the plurality of controlled appliances.

Abstract: The present invention includes method and apparatus for converting optical signals to MWOF signals for transmission to wireless data, audio and/or video terminals in the W-band. Advantageously, there is no need to maintain expensive and complex remote stations because a centralized station performs all the complex processing.

Abstract: The present invention provides a kind of ultra-wide band wireless system, which changes the previous electronic structure for ultra-wide band pulse generator, and uses light to generate pulse signal, transformed by microwave differentiator to Gaussian monocycle pulse transmission signal, the derived pulse signal can provide several GHz bandwidth to transmit fast speed information, and further complete the new ultra-wide band wireless system. It reduces the complexity of electronic system and enhances output signal quality by means of light property, with considerable leading advantage. And the signal generated by this system has broader band and no infringe property, its 10 dB band falls within the range prescribed by the Federal Communication Committee of United States (FCC), successfully realizing the ultra wide band fiberoptic wireless collection network system, and further attaining the goal of seamless communication collection.

Abstract: An optical transmission apparatus is provided in which high optical output power is secured in an optical transmitter, the fine adjustment of the optical axis is unnecessary, and the propagation range of the optical output signal can be adaptively changed. A diffusing liquid lens includes a first liquid and a second liquid containing a scattering material that scatters light, and the curvature of the boundary surface between the first and the second liquids is changed according to the control voltage applied from a controlling unit. A first optical signal outputted from a light emitting device is diffused in the first liquid, and emitted as a second optical signal having a spread angle corresponding to the curvature of the boundary surface and a substantially uniform radiant intensity distribution.

Abstract: A multi-wavelength bidirectional optical transceiver includes a plurality of optical transmitters for generating and outputting forward optical signals, a plurality of optical receivers for performing optoelectric conversion on reverse optical signals, a band splitter for outputting the forward optical signals that are input from the plurality of optical transmitters to outside the multi-wavelength bidirectional optical transceiver and for outputting reverse optical signals that are input from outside the multi-wavelength bidirectional optical transceiver to the plurality of optical receivers, a power splitter on an optical path between the plurality of optical transmitters and the band splitter for power-splitting the forward optical signals that are input from the plurality of optical transmitters and for outputting portions of the forward optical signals to the band splitter, and a plurality of monitors for performing optoelectric conversion on the remaining portions of the forward optical signals that are

Abstract: The present invention includes a fast algorithm to compute the pre-equalized waveform for simultaneous compensation of the self-phase modulation and chromatic dispersion experienced by a high-speed optical signal, e.g., at 10 Gb/s, and shows that it is used for an automatic self-adapting pre-equalization when the knowledge on transmission link details is inaccurate or incomplete.

Abstract: In the WDM systems, the OSNR and the signal loss among the optical signals are substantially minimized at the receiving terminal to combat the SRS effects. An equal amount of the signal loss is expected for every span in the transmission path so that the optical amplifier gain tilt is not affected among a number of wavelength frequencies in the optical signal. This is accomplished by controlling the amplification process according to a feedback from the monitoring units for monitoring the optical signal.

Abstract: In an optical transmission system by frequency-division multiplexing, the interference due to distortions of a first signal against a second signal can be reduced. In the optical transmission system where a modulated optical signal by the first signal is further modulated with the second signal for transmission, distortions of the first signal corresponding to a frequency band of the second signal is extracted. The extracted signal is phase-inverted and then adjusted in phase and amplitude with respect to the distortions of the first signal to obtain a correction signal. By intensity-modulating the first signal containing the distortions by the correction signal, the distortions of the first signal against the second signal can be cancelled out. Alternatively, by intensity-modulating the first signal containing the distortions by a combined signal of the correction signal and the second signal, the distortions of the first signal against the second signal can be cancelled out.

Abstract: In a radio optical fusion communication system with the integration of an optical fiber transmission path and a radio propagation path, wherein by first and second light sources, an intermediate-frequency signal generating means for generating a modulating signal at an intermediate frequency band, a modulator for modulating an optical signal from the first light source into an SSB modulated optical signal using the intermediate-frequency signal, and an optical mixer for mixing the modulated optical signal with the optical signal from the second light source to obtain an optical transmission signal in a base station, the frequency of either of the optical signals is controlled such that the difference in frequency between the optical signals is a desired frequency of a modulated radio signal, thus switching the frequency channel of the modulated radio signal in the radio propagation path.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical beamforming RF transmitter. In one embodiment, the optical beamforming RF transmitter includes an optical WDM splitter having an input and a plurality of outputs. The optical beamforming RF transmitter also includes an array of antennas, where each antenna has an optical input configured to drive the corresponding antenna, and an array of optical modulators, such that each modulator has an output connected to a corresponding one of the antennas and an input connected to one of the outputs of the optical WDM splitter. The optical beamforming RF transmitter further includes a mode-locked laser having an output optically coupled to the input of the optical WDM splitter.

Abstract: An example of an optical source includes a VCSEL and a filter. The filter is positioned on the VCSEL and is configured and arranged such that an input to the filter from the VCSEL comprises a directly modulated optical data signal, and a corresponding output of the filter comprises an amplitude and/or phase modulated optical data signal, optimized for long-distance transmission in the optical fiber.

Abstract: An apparatus, system and method wherein a multi-level data modulation format, such as DQPSK, is combined with symbol rate synchronous amplitude, phase, and/or polarization modulation.

Abstract: An optical transmitter for generating a modulated optical signal for transmission over a fiber optic link to a remote receiver including a laser; a modulator for directly amplitude modulating the laser with an analog RF signal to produce an optical signal including an amplitude modulated information-containing component; and a phase modulator coupled to the output of the laser for canceling the noise signals generated in the laser.

Abstract: An optical transmitter for generating a modulated optical signal for transmission over a fiber optic link to a remote receiver including a laser; a modulator for externally modulating the optical output signal with a RF signal to produce an optical signal including a modulated information-containing component; and a phase modulator coupled either to the output of the modulator or directly to the output of the laser for canceling the noise signals generated in the laser.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a receiver of the invention has an optical detector coupled to a digital processor. The optical detector is adapted to mix the received optical quadrature-amplitude modulation (QAM) signal with an optical local oscillator (LO) signal having a time-varying phase offset with respect to the carrier frequency of the QAM signal to produce two digital measures of the QAM signal. The digital processor is adapted to: (i) determine the amplitude and phase differentials for each QAM-symbol transition based on these digital measures; (ii) adjust each phase differential for an amount of phase drift associated with the time-varying phase offset; (iii) map each QAM-symbol transition onto a constellation point of a 2D decision map using the transition's amplitude differential and adjusted phase differential; and (iv) based on the mapping results, recover the data encoded in the optical QAM signal.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to an optical receiver having an apparatus for varying decision threshold level and an optical transmission system having the same. An optical receiver having an apparatus for varying decision threshold level includes a photo diode (PD) for receiving an optical signal and transforming the received optical signal into an electrical signal; a trans-impedance amplifier (TIA) for pre-amplifying the electrical signal transformed by the PD; a limiting amplifier (LA) for deciding the electrical signal amplified by the TIA as either level 0 or level 1 and for amplifying the decision signal; a clock and data recovery (CDR) for generating a clock and data from the amplified decision signal by the LA; and a control circuit for adjusting a decision threshold level depending on the received optical signal power by the PD and for providing the adjusted decision threshold level with the LA.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus, which uses a developing device including: a developer carrying member developing an electrostatic latent image formed on an electrophotographic photosensitive member with a developer; a developer containing portion containing the developer; an agitating member provided rotatably in the developer containing portion to agitate the developer; and a developer remaining amount detecting member outputting a signal for detecting the remaining amount of the developer contained in the developer containing portion, the image forming apparatus including a main body controller to which the signal is input, and which detects the remaining amount of the developer, the main body controller detecting the remaining amount of the developer in the developer containing portion based on the amount of change per a unit revolution number of the agitating member in the band of fluctuation in the signal in association with the rotation of the agitating member.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus, which uses a developing device including: a developer carrying member; a developer containing portion; an agitating member agitating a developer; a developer amount detecting member outputting a signal for detecting the remaining amount of the developer contained in the developer containing portion, the image forming apparatus comprising a main body controller detecting the remaining amount using a first detecting unit that sets a reference value as a reference for detecting the remaining amount by the signal, and thereafter calculates the remaining amount based on an amount of change in the signal from the reference value, and a second detecting unit that detects the remaining amount based on a band of fluctuation in the signal corresponding to a rotational period of the agitating member.

Abstract: An image sensor test system (10) bringing input/output terminals of an image sensor into contact with a contact (61) of a test head (60), emitting light to alight receiving surface of the image sensor from a light source (80) and, while doing so, inputting/outputting electrical signals between the contact (61) of the test head (60) and the image sensor so as to test the optical properties of the image sensor, provided with a loader use inverting device (32) for inverting an image sensor loaded into a supply tray stacker in a state with the light receiving surface facing upward, a contact arm (43) for gripping a back surface of an opposite side to the light receiving surface of the image sensor and moving the image sensor to bring the image sensor into contact with a contact (61) of the test head (60) in the state with the light receiving surface facing downward, and an unloader use inverting device inverting and unloaded the tested image sensor.

Abstract: A power supply for use in an image fixing system is provided. The image fixing system includes first and second fixing lamps connected in series, a power supply unit supplying electric power, a power supply control unit controlling the supply of the electric power supplied from the power supply unit, a switching unit performing a switching operation according to a first effective voltage or a second effective voltage of the electric power and a dual voltage unit supplying the electric power to the first and second fixing lamps according to the switching result of the switching unit. Accordingly, by supplying a desired voltage to fixing lamps regardless of input electric power, it is not necessary to implement different types of fixing systems, thereby reducing manufacturing costs and time.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an assembly or method for use with an image forming device. The device may include an image transfer device capable of receiving an extraneous electrostatic charge from a source. A discharge path may then be configured to remove all or a portion of the extraneous electrostatic charge from the image transfer device.

Abstract: According to the invention, a constant current output is applied to a backup roller or a secondary transfer member, and the cleaning bias is controlled according to the measurement obtained by monitoring the voltage generated at that time. Cleaning biases of a plus polarity and a minus polarity are alternately applied to the backup roller to recover the toner adhered on the secondary transfer roller to the intermediate transfer belt. The cleaning bias is controlled according to the combined resistance of the secondary transfer section which is varied with not only the environment of the image forming apparatus, but also the condition of use and various factors to recover the toner adhered to the secondary transfer roller to the intermediate transfer belt without fail, thereby preventing smudges on the back of sheet paper or smudges on images.

Abstract: A process cartridge detachably mountable to a main assembly of an electrophotographic image forming apparatus, includes an electrophotographic photosensitive member; a developing roller contactable to the electrophotographic photosensitive member to develop an electrostatic latent image formed on the electrophotographic photosensitive member; a photosensitive member unit supporting the electrophotographic photosensitive member with a part of the electrophotographic photosensitive member exposed; a developing unit supporting the developing roller and movable relative to the photosensitive member unit between a contact position for contacting the developing roller and the electrophotographic photosensitive member with each other to develop the electrostatic latent image and a spaced position for spacing the developing roller and the electrophotographic photosensitive member from each other; a movable member for moving the developing unit between the contact position and the spaced position; and a protection cov

Abstract: A protective cover that includes: a cover body detachably mounted on a process cartridge to protect at least an outwardly exposed part of an electro-photographic photoreceptor; a guide part that is provided on the cover body to guide the process cartridge in a longitudinal direction of the electro-photographic photoreceptor; and a position locking part that is provided at a forward end of the cover body in a direction that the process cartridge is inserted into an image forming apparatus wherein the cover body is positioned and locked to the image forming apparatus to be irremovable and forming a locked state during an installation of the process cartridge into the image forming apparatus, and the locked state is released after the installation is complete.