Abstract: A combustion chamber (4) for a gas turbine (1), the combustion chamber wall (24) of which is furnished on the inside with a lining formed of a number of heat shield elements (26), is to be designed for a particularly high level of operating safety. To this end, one or a number of temperature sensors (28) is/are located according to the invention between combustion chamber wall (24) and heat shield elements (26).

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for mixing two fluid flows, initially guided separately from one another, in a two-circuit reaction engine, a mixing tube which encloses a hot core stream being provided, along the outer shaped lateral surface of which a cold bypass flow flows. The mixing tube is designed in the form of a truncated cone narrowing in the direction of flow and has openings arranged at the downstream end in the circumferential direction of the mixing-tube lateral surface in a cross-sectional plane lying perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the mixing tube. The hot core stream flowing through the mixing tube penetrates through the openings into the cold bypass flow flowing around the mixing-tube lateral surface. The openings have passage areas of elliptical shape with a major axis and a minor axis, the major axis of the passage areas running on the lateral surface of the mixing tube in the direction of flow of the fluids and the minor axis running perpendicularly thereto.

Abstract: An exhaust nozzle bell for a rocket engine including a first part arranged on a motor of the rocket engine, and a second part coupled to the first part. The second part having a stowed position in which the second part surrounds the first part and is positioned closer to the motor, and an operating position in which the first part and the second part form a continuous shape and the second part is arranged farther from the motor. Moreover, the nozzle can include an extension mechanism structured and arranged to extend the second part from the stowed position to the operating position, the extension mechanism including a plurality of swiveling extension arms, wherein the extension arms have first and second ends. Furthermore, each of the extension arms comprise one of a sliding and rolling element on an end facing the second part of the exhaust nozzle bell.

Abstract: A method according to the invention or a corresponding device (1) provides for dividing exhaust gas (9) exiting the gas turbine into a first (11) and a second partial stream (13), for mixing the first partial stream (11) with combustion air (15), and for channeling the resulting mixture (17) to the combustion chamber (5) and the second partial stream (13) to a carbon dioxide precipitation plant (21). In an advantageous embodiment the exhaust gas (9) exiting the gas turbine (3) is previously used to generate process steam (31) for a steam turbine (33) (gas and steam power station) then cooled before the exhaust gas (9) is divided into said partial streams (11,13). Water (29) precipitating during cooling is removed.

Abstract: A combined heat and power system that may be ON/OFF controlled by the thermal load requirements for the system and/or operated at or below atmospheric pressure.

Abstract: A thermoelectric module having areas of highly thermally conductive material integrated into a substrate layer. For one embodiment copper pads are integrated into the external surface of the substrate of the hot side of the thermoelectric module. The copper pads allow direct connection of a heat removal device to the thermoelectric module thereby reducing thermal resistance. Thermal vias may be formed through the substrate to further reduce thermal resistance.

Abstract: A refrigeration system/cycle includes two or more refrigeration stages, in which one or more of the warmer stages provide(s) cooling to partially compensate for heat leakage that would otherwise leak to the colder stage(s). The refrigeration system includes a single heat sink or multiple heat sinks. The refrigeration cycle can include a single cooling load or multiple cooling loads. The refrigeration system can be a cryogenic refrigeration cycle. The flow of working fluid can be DC (direct-current, continuous and uni-directional) or AC (alternating-current and oscillating). The refrigeration system can include Double-Cycle cooling action. The refrigeration system can include one (or more) thermal storage unit(s) (TSUs).

Abstract: A cryogenic storage system for cryogenic storage using liquid refrigerant is provided. The cryogenic storage system includes first and second vacuum vessels, a vacuum source, a quantity of a liquid refrigerant, and at least one temperature control assembly. An insulating wall may be provided on an interior surface of one of the vessels. A common vacuum condition is provided in voids that are present in the wall of the first and second vessels as well as in the insulating wall. The at least one temperature control assembly includes a power supply, a temperature sensor, a heater, and a conductive element. The at least one conductive element provides a link or thermal coupling between a space defined in the first vessel and the liquid refrigerant stored in the second vessel.

Abstract: The invention relates to an exchanger, advantageously a plate exchanger, comprising counter-current parallel exchange sections (8,9). According to the invention, the exchange section for the water (8) has an essentially constant cross-section, whereas the exchange section (9) for the cryogen has a reduced inlet region (9a) enabling the possible formation of ice (10) in the water passage (8) to be concentrated on a small volume, without blocking said water passage. The invention can especially be applied to the supply of gaseous hydrogen stored in a liquid form to an on-board power generating device in a vehicle.

Abstract: A process for condensing a C3-C4 hydrocarbon vapor which comprises contacting the C3-C4 hydrocarbon vapor with a heat exchanger surface which is cooled by contact with LNG and recovering a liquefied C3-C4 product therefrom.

Abstract: A refrigerator includes a housing that encloses at least one interior space, a low temperature generator or refrigerating machine for cooling the interior space, and a control device for receiving a target signal and for controlling the temperature of the interior space to a target temperature represented by the target signal, by controlling the operation of the refrigerating machine. A control element supplies the target signal to the control device with a level that varies in accordance with a predetermined course.

Abstract: The present invention has an object to provide an ejector cycle and an ejector, according to which a sufficient cooling performance can be obtained even when the input amount of the refrigerant to the ejector is decreased. A passage changeover means having a bypass channel is formed in an ejector. The passage changeover means opens the bypass channel in a bypass cooling operation, in which an input amount of the refrigerant to the ejector is decreased due to a low ambient temperature, and so on. Accordingly, in this bypass cooling operation, the refrigerant from an outside heat exchanger to the ejector bypasses an ejector nozzle and flows to an evaporator through the bypass channel.

Abstract: An expansion valve has a solenoid relief valve equipped in an air conditioner for decompressing and expands a refrigerant and supplies the same to an evaporator. A high-pressure refrigerant from a compressor enters a valve chamber. The refrigerant traveling towards the evaporator flows through a first passage. The refrigerant returning from the evaporator toward the compressor flows through a second passage. A valve seat is disposed between the valve chamber and the first passage. A valve body has a refrigerant chamber disposed in parallel to the valve seat and communicates the valve chamber and the first passage. A valve device is capable of coming into contact with and separating from the valve seat. A power element drives the valve device. A solenoid relief valve is disposed between the refrigerant chamber and the first passage.

Abstract: A spray cooling system for transverse thin-film evaporative spray cooling in a narrow gap which generally includes a framework, a cooling cavity, a plurality of atomizers oriented to transversely spray coolant across the electronic components to be cooled, and preferably a vapor recirculation system and a reduction in cross section from the inlet or spray side to the exit side.

Abstract: A refrigeration system of air conditioning apparatuses with a bypass line between the inlet and outlet of a compressor. The refrigeration system (1) has an expansion unit (10) to execute adiabatic expansion of refrigerant, an indoor unit (20) with a heat exchanger, a compressor (30) to execute adiabatic compression of the refrigerant, and an outdoor unit (40) with a heat exchanger, and is operated to cool or heat air within a space to a desired level by using the phase change of the refrigerant. The refrigeration system also has a bypass line (99) between the inlet and outlet of the compressor (30) to bypass at least a part of the output refrigerant from the outlet to the inlet of the compressor when the pressure of the output refrigerant is lower than a reference level or the temperature of the air outside the compressor is lower than a reference level.

Abstract: A heat pump includes a first and second heat exchanger, a scroll compressor and a flash tank in fluid communication. The flash tank includes an inlet fluidly coupled to the heat exchangers to receive liquid refrigerant. Furthermore, the flash tank includes a first outlet fluidly coupled to the first and second heat exchangers and a second outlet fluidly coupled to the scroll compressor. The first outlet is operable to deliver sub-cooled-liquid refrigerant to the heat exchangers while the second outlet is operable to deliver vaporized refrigerant to the scroll compressor. An expansion valve is further provided and is operable to selectively open and close the inlet by a float device. The float device is operable to control an amount of liquid refrigerant disposed within the flash tank by regulating an amount of liquid refrigerant entering the flash tank via the inlet.

Abstract: A dry cryogenic shipping container having a removable absorbent assembly is provided. The dry cryogenic shipping container is structured to be a Dewar's flask having a first, outer shell assembly, and second, inner shell assembly disposed within and spaced from the first, outer shell assembly, and a cap. Within the shipping container is an absorbent assembly having a body with a central cavity. The absorbent assembly body is formed by a plurality of removable absorbent assembly elements. That is the absorbent assembly elements are sized to pass through the passage into the space within the shipping container. As such, after use, the absorbent assembly body elements may be removed and the remaining components may be sterilized. After sterilization, new absorbent assembly body elements are inserted into the inner space and the dry cryogenic shipping container is used again.

Abstract: An assembly structure of a cooling air supplying duct for use in a refrigerator having cantilever shelves includes a shelf supporting rail having a front wall in which a plurality of engagement slots are formed, and a cooling air discharging duct. The cooling air discharging duct is provided with an engaging opening formed in a portion thereof and a front wall in which a plurality of cooling air discharging holes for discharging cooling air to an interior of the refrigerator are formed. The shelf supporting rail is vertically fixed on an inner wall of the refrigerator and is combined with the cooling air discharging duct by being inserted into the engaging opening.

Abstract: A self-contained insulated container for maintaining an item at a predetermined temperature. The container has an inner sidewall and an outer sidewall, which are spaced apart from each other and closed off to define an insulating chamber therebetween. The container includes a storage area, for receiving the item therein, which is defined by the inner sidewall. The storage area is at a first storage temperature. The insulating chamber is substantially filled with a first insulating material, which is a gel mixture. The first insulating material is at a first insulating temperature. The storage area attains a second storage temperature after the item is placed therein and the first insulating material maintains the second storage temperature and the item at the predetermined temperature for a storage period.

Abstract: A single-stage refrigerating system includes a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator, and a heat exchanger for exchanging heat between a refrigerant in a path from the evaporator to the compressor and a refrigerant in another path from the condenser to the evaporator, and a non-azeotropic refrigerant mixture used in the system. The refrigerant mixture is a combination of a refrigerant having a normal boiling point of approximately room temperature and a low-boiling-point refrigerant having a normal boiling point below ?60° C. A dew point of the refrigerant mixture at a pressure in the condensing process after the compression is above room temperature. The boiling point is higher than the dew point at a pressure in the lower-pressure region in a path from the evaporator to the compressor.

Abstract: The invention proposes a pressure-reducing device designed to be installed in an air conditioning circuit operating with cooling fluid (FR) and including a housing suited to be traversed by cooling fluid under the control of a needle valve (134). The pressure-reducing device moreover includes a bulb (200) filled with a control fluid (FC) exerting a control pressure on a membrane (33) as a function of ambient conditions, the aforementioned membrane being suitable for acting on the needle valve as a function of the control pressure. The bulb is placed in the path of cooling fluid between the outlet of the condenser and the inlet of the pressure-reducing device.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and systems for vaporization of liquefied natural gas (LNG) that employ a condensing gas stream to adjust the gross heating value (GHV) of the LNG such that, upon vaporization, a natural gas product is obtained that meets pipeline or other commercial specifications. The condensing gas can be air, nitrogen, or in embodiments, NGLs such as ethane, propane, or butane, or other combustible hydrocarbon such as dimethyl ether (DME) depending on a desired change in GHV. In some embodiments, the methods and systems employ an integrated air separation plant for generation of nitrogen used as a condensing gas, wherein a cool stream of a heat transfer medium, such as water, ethylene glycol, other common heat transfer fluids, or mixtures thereof, obtained by heat transfer during vaporization of the LNG is used to pre-cool an air feed to the air separation plant, or to cool other process streams associated therewith.

Abstract: A cryogenic rectification system employing a phase separator, which may include one or more trays, in conjunction with a double column air separation plant, wherein some shelf liquid is subcooled and phase separated to produce crude neon vapor, and the remaining liquid is used to reflux the lower pressure column of the double column plant.

Abstract: A method of forming a glass sheet includes obtaining a preform generated from a glass composition and conveying the preform through a channel having a temperature that decreases along a length of the channel to form a glass sheet having a predetermined width and thickness.

Abstract: A quartz glass crucible for use in pulling up a silicon single crystal, wherein it has, at least in the curved portion thereof, a three-layer structure comprising a transparent inner layer being composed of a synthetic quartz glass and having a low Al concentration, a transparent or nontransparent intermediate layer being composed of a natural quartz glass or a mixture of natural and synthetic quartz glasses and having a high Al concentration, and a nontransparent outer layer being composed of a natural quartz glass and having an Al concentration higher than that of the intermediate layer. The quartz glass crucible is reduced in the deformation of the transparent inner layer, and allows the suppression of the change in the amount of dissolution of the quartz glass crucible associated with the pull-up of a single crystal and the achievement of the uniform oxygen concentration in the longitudinal direction of a single crystal.

Abstract: Method and burner for increasing the deposition rate of porous glass deposit in the manufacture of optical preforms, by modifying the cross-sectional shape of the flow of glass particles impacting onto a target preform. In particular, the cross-section of the flow of glass particles is modified by increasing the dimension of the flow from a circular cross-section to one having a major and minor axis in a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the target preform.

Abstract: Knitting machine with a knitting area and a weft feed device and knitting process. The machine includes a conveyor device structured and arranged to feed wefts to a knitting area in a transport direction, in which the conveyor device includes several transport elements with thread holders. The transport elements are separate from one another and joinable to form a feed assembly through a functional area in the transport direction and individually movable in a returning area.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a linear knitting machine comprising: a first (2) and a second (3) needle-bed, each one having at least one bar (4) extending longitudinally along said machine, and at least one row of needles (5) supported by the bar (4); a plurality of thread-guides (10) for arranging at least one respective thread into the needles (5); a motor (11) for moving at least one bar (4) of every needle-bed (2, 3) with a forward and backward motion getting away from/towards the thread-guides (10); and a motion transmitter (12) coupled to the bar (4) of every needle-bed (2, 3) and having at least one rotating element (14) for every needle-bed (2, 3) coupled to the motor (11), and a rod (13) for every needle-bed (2, 3) having a first end (13a) stiffly coupled to said bar (4) and a second end (13b), opposed to the first one (13a), operatively coupled to said rotating element (14) which is provided with at least one cam guide (16).

Abstract: The invention concerns an arrangement for ultrasound cleaning of several strandlike articles (4) traveling next to each other, such as, e.g., wires, profiles and pipes, by means of a liquid excited by ultrasound in a borehole (3), which is only slightly, i.e., around 5-50%, larger than the diameter of the article being cleaned, wherein the cleaning liquid is supplied to the boreholes (3) in such a way that it fills them completely.

Abstract: The shaft axis of a detergent-solution pump in a washing machine is pivoted about a vertical such that, as seen in the forward direction, it forms an acute angle ? with a perpendicular center plane running from the front surface to the rear wall of the machine housing. The drain connector for the drain hose from the tub to the pump is oriented on the tub casing with an angular offset in the preferred spinning direction of rotation in relation to the vertical plane running through the drum axis. These measures give rise to better accessibility to the pump chamber and to improved pumping capacity, in particular for foam/water mixtures. The pump-out operation is shortened, and the overall height of the pump-out system can be reduced.

Abstract: Device for controlling a motor in a washing machine and a method for controlling a process of a washing machine by using the same, the device including a motor, a power source part for supplying a voltage to the motor, a plurality of torque varying parts parallel to each other and electrically connected to the motor for varying a rotation torque of the motor, a plurality of switching part connected to the torque varying parts respectively and electrically connected to the power source part, a driving part for switching the switching parts, and a controlling part for controlling the driving part so as to vary the rotation torque of the motor according to a mode of user's selection.

Abstract: A drum-type washing machine, having a plurality of lifts installed on an inner circumferential surface of a drum, enables improved washing performance by providing friction plates on the inclined sides of each lift to increase a frictional force between the lift and laundry. Each lift includes a pair of inclined sides, disposed in opposition to each other to form a shape having a regular trapezoidal cross-section, for lifting laundry; and a pair of friction plates, consisting of a pair of opposing surfaces respectively provided on each inclined side and having a multitude of protuberances formed on both faces, to increase a frictional force with respect to the laundry.

Abstract: The porthole door has a hinged frame (4) on the housing of the washing machine, consisting of a supporting ring (6) and a retaining ring (8). The supporting ring (6) supports an inspection glass (5) which is recessed in the form of a cup in the direction of the interior of the drum. Said inspection glass is protected by a cover (9) against access at the level of the external retaining ring (8) of the frame (4), the edge thereof being fixed to the frame (4). The cover (9) is made of flat glass cooled by means of a model mould. As a result, the porthole unit is aesthetic and easy to assemble.

Abstract: A vault assembly generally comprises a lock box, an anchor bracket, and a locking member. The lock box includes a mounting wall having a plurality of outward extending hooks arranged in a spaced pattern and a locking opening. The anchor bracket includes a panel for attachment of the lock box including one or more locking openings and a plurality of joining openings for receiving the hooks. The locking member is disposed in the box and includes a locking shaft for insertion in the locking openings and a locking flange on the end to prevent withdrawal. The lock box mounting wall can be attached in a plurality of positions to either side of the panel.

Abstract: A combined clamp and lock includes: a lower clamp member having a lower abutment plate, a wall projecting upwardly from the lower abutment plate, and a lock-mounting hole extending through the wall; an upper clamp member having an upper abutment plate, and at least one leg extending downwardly from the upper abutment plate and overlapping the wall; a fastening unit fastening the leg to the wall so that the lower and upper abutment plates define a clamping space therebetween; and a lock extending through the lock-mounting hole. A notebook computer may be prevented from being opened when clamped within the clamping space and locked by the lock.

Abstract: A steering column locking device has an electromagnetic key interlock function that operates a solenoid to prevents a key knob from being undesirably moved to a lock position, as well as a mechanical key interlock function to conduct the key interlock function even when the solenoid malfunctions. The device includes the key knob and a plunger coupled to the key knob, so that when a user manipulates the key knob to start the vehicle, the plunger both moves axially and rotates. A cam shaft is coupled to the plunger, and a return spring is provided between the plunger and the cam shaft to bias the plunger towards the key knob. A stroke restrictor restricts a stroke of the plunger in the axial direction, and a push release functioning mechanism mechanically prevents the plunger from rotating from an accessory position to a lock position when the key interlock function fails.

Abstract: A preparatory molding roll 4 having a convex push surface 41 is pushed to an outer peripheral surface of a work 1A while the work 1A is chucked by a pair of molds 2 and 3 and is rotated by applying axial propelling force, to bend inward the outer peripheral surface of the work in a radial direction. The work is then chucked by the preparatory molding roll and the upper and lower molds. Next, the preparatory molding roll is moved back and the work is crushed in the axial direction to form a bent portion 1a. A molding roll 5 is pushed to mold the outer shape of the work. A grooved roll 6 is next pushed to the outer peripheral surface of the work and a groove 1b is formed on the outer peripheral surface.

Abstract: A bending device for bending machine comprises a matrix (2), a countermatrix (6), and a die (7) able to prevent wrinkles. A countermatrix-holder support element (8) is fixed on an upper slide (10), which is slidable transversally to a workpiece T to be bent on a lower slide (11) movable in turn in the same direction of the upper slide (10), on a table (12). A first double-acting cylinder (19), being fixed on said lower slide (11), moves the countermatrix (6) toward and away from the workpiece (T); and a second double-acting cylinder (24) is slidable on the upper slide (10) and connected to a slider (25) on a counteracting rod (26) which is pivoted about an end of an arm-turning spindle (3), so that a force is exerted on the countermatrix-holder support element (8) in a projecting portion (23) thereof.

Abstract: A bridle unit assigned to a rolling stand with several rolls arranged in adjustable positions below and above the strip flow, which can be moved by means of a drive from an initial position to the strip and from the strip back into the initial position, wherein the roll situated closest to the roll gap of the rolling stand can be moved by means of an additional drive from an initial position below the strip flow or from an initial position above the strip flow to the strip, such that, when the bridle unit is used for coloring the strip, the circumference of the roll deflects the strip upward or downward from the horizontal pass line and forms a bite angle above or below the pass line.

Abstract: Rolling device with two work rolls supported in a rolling stand by a chock and with at least two additional rolls supported in the rolling stand by an additional chock. At least one of the work rolls and at least one of the additional rolls is adjustable for adjusting a desired roll gap relative to the other work roll or relative to the other additional roll. The work rolls have axial shifting devices for axial shifting and holding the work rolls into a desired axial position relative to the rolling stand. The work rolls are operatively connected with bending devices, by which a bending moment can act on the work rolls. The axial shifting devices are arranged and act between the rolling stand and the work roll locking mechanism. The bending devices are arranged or act between the work roll chock and the chock of the additional roll.

Abstract: A swaging tool for swaging fittings and joining separate tubes together. The swaging tool includes a removable head assembly having a head member and a first spring clip adapted to retain a first die to a portion of the head member. The head assembly includes a die block and a second spring clip adapted to retain a second die to a portion of the die block. The swaging tool includes a power unit assembly having a base member adapted to receive the die block and head member of the head assembly. The power unit assembly includes a moveable piston adapted to engage the die block so as to move the second die towards the first die during a swaging operation.

Abstract: A method of calibrating a level sensor installed in an empty tank. In the tank, the level sensor includes a float that is allowed to rest against a first stop, such as the tank bottom or tank top. This position of the float is stored as a first level, such as a minimum level, in memory of sensor electronics of the level sensor. The float is thereafter moved, such as under the force of gravity by inverting the tank, against a second stop such as the tank top or the tank bottom. This position of the float is stored as a second level, such as a maximum level.

Abstract: A sound pressure level calibrator, which is suitable for sound pressures to be measured in excess of 124 dB and which can be adapted to the installed sound pressure level sensor. This object is attained by a sound pressure level calibrator comprising a pistonphone and a high-pressure adapter connected to the output of the pistonphone. The high-pressure adapter acts as a resonator. With an expanded adapter opening the high-pressure adapter is connected in soundproof manner with the sound pressure level sensor, which is inserted into a structure. The invention can be used for a sound pressure level calibrator to calibrate a sound pressure level sensor, which is integrated into a structure.

Abstract: A method of simulating a vehicle impact that involves generating a first finite element model of the vehicle, a multi-body model, and a partial vehicle finite element model. The method also involves generating a coupled model that includes at least a portion of the multi-body model and at least a portion of the partial vehicle finite element model. Additionally, the method includes running at least one impact simulation with the coupled model to thereby identify the effects of the impact on the vehicle and/or the occupant.

Abstract: A measurement head particularly for borehole use can measure multiple parameters with no electronics in the head and only a single conductor cable. Double-ended tuning forks (26, 28 and 38, 40) in the head are arranged to respond to different parameters such as temperature and pressure by adjusting their resonant frequencies. A drive signal on the conductor (50) is applied to transducers (30, 32, 42, 44) on all the tuning forks and those whose instantaneous resonant frequency is close will resonate. The signal is removed and the transducers return a decaying signal at the resonant frequency along the conductor. Other drive frequencies are tried, to locate the other sensors whose frequency ranges are separate.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a system and method for detecting substances, such as high boiling and low vapor pressure materials, using high energy radiation imparted by a suitable radiation source, such as a strobe or laser over a short time period. The radiation source causes the materials to vaporize. A system handling system is used in conjunction with a detector to detect the presence of the materials including explosives, explosive-related compounds, chemical warfare agents, drugs, toxic industrial compounds, and derivatives thereof.

Abstract: An in-cylinder pressure sensor for outputting a signal corresponding to an internal cylinder pressure of an engine is provided. A first signal and a second signal are extracted from the output signal of the in-cylinder pressure sensor. The first signal has a frequency band corresponding to knocking of the engine. The second signal has a frequency band used for detecting a peak of the internal cylinder pressure. A knocking detection period is set based on the second signal. The first signal in the knocking detection period is examined to determine whether or not knocking has occurred.

Abstract: The methods and systems for testing electronic devices for leak detection are provided. In one method of detecting a leak in a sealed package, a sealed package is placed in a test gas environment, allowing the test gas to diffuse into an internal space of the sealed package through a leak formed in the sealed package. Thereafter, the sealed package is placed in an environment substantially free of the test gas and allowing the test gas to diffuse out of the internal space. The amount of the test gas in the test gas-free environment is detected. Based on the information obtained from the detection, it is determined whether the sealed package has one or more unintended leaks based on information obtained from the detecting.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining the total base number of a used lubricant from an open, all loss, lubricating system. An AC voltage signal is applied between electrodes immersed in the used lubricant and a used-lubricant dependent response to the applied signal measured. The used lubricant base number is determined from the response. To allow for changes in the fresh lubricant inputted to the open lubricating system, the method and apparatus can have means for determining properties of the fresh lubricant needed to determine the total base number of used lubricant. To allow for possible contamination of the used lubricant, the method and apparatus can have means for determining the concentration of contamination and for determining properties of the contaminant needed to determine the total base number of used lubricant.

Abstract: A metal particle sensor system for detecting metal particles in an oil line. The metal particle sensor system may include a metal particle sensor positioned about the line, an orifice positioned within the line and downstream of the metal particle sensor, a first pressure sensor positioned upstream of the orifice, and a second pressure sensor positioned downstream of the orifice. The metal particle sensor detects metal particles in the line while the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor determine a pressure drop across the orifice.