Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus and methods for the administration of positive airway pressure therapies. The apparatus can include a housing, a blower and a mask. The housing is configured to be stably secured on the head of a patient. The blower is secured relative to the housing. A mask in fluid communication with the blower is configured to communicate pressurized air produced at least in part by the blower to the airways of a user.

Abstract: A flexible connector that couples a delivery conduit to a patient interface device and a pressure support system that includes such a flexible connector. The flexible connector of the present invention prevents disruption of the seal between the patient interface and the patient's face. The flexible connector may have a bellows portion with a longitudinally directed portion, a narrowed neck portion, or a plurality of corrugations. The flexible connector may further have a swivel portion and/or an exhaust member, and/or a hinge member.

Abstract: A combined half mask respirator and eye protector is provided, portions of the mask above the respirator being open to provide air circulation behind a lens and reduce misting of the lens. A face seal for the respirator of elastomeric material inhibits air leakage from the respirator to behind the lens, and outlet from the respirator is controlled by a flap valve which offers minimal flow resistance, also for preventing development of overpressure in the respirator and leakage of air to behind the lens.

Abstract: Respirator for a person or animal comprising a tube assembly that is intended to be fed via the mouth and the pharynx towards the trachea and an inflatable cuff that is provided at the distal end of the tube assembly, the cuff being equipped to form a seal between the wall of the tube assembly and a wall of the pharynx and the oesophagus when it is in the inflated state, the tube assembly having a first tube part and the tube assembly having a length suitable for bringing the distal end of the first tube part to the entry to the trachea while the proximal end of the tube assembly is exposed on the outside of the mouth. The invention also relates to a combination of a respirator according to one of the preceding claims, and a probe, such as a stomach tube, duodenum tube or feeding tube, wherein the probe is suitable for insertion through the second tube.

Abstract: A nasal assembly for positioning nasogastric tubing within a patient's nose. The nasal assembly comprises a nasal adapter having a lumen disposed there through for guiding the nasogastric tubing within the nasal adapter. The nasal adapter further has a flange and a tubular portion extending from the flange. The assembly further comprises a sleeve that removeably surrounds a portion of the tubular portion. The sleeve has a body comprising of a compressible material. The body has a front side, a back side and a bore disposed there between for guiding the nasogastric tubing within the sleeve and beyond the back side. The front side contacts against the flange and the back side contacts against the patient's nose wherein the back side remains free from entering the patient's nose while positioning the nasogastric tubing within the patient's nose.

Abstract: Described herein are nasal respiratory devices and methods for treating a variety of medical diseases including snoring and sleep apnea through the use of such devices. In general, these devices include an airflow resistor, such as a flap valve and a holdfast for securing the device in communication with the subject's nasal cavity. The devices may be configured to include leak paths to regulate the expiratory pressure when worn by a subject. Methods for using these devices may include securing a device over or at least partially within (or both of) a subject's nasal cavities.

Abstract: A condom with a structure that allows the user to fully enjoy the natural pleasure in sexual intercourse while hardly feeling the existence of the condom is disclosed. The condom comprises a shaft portion having a diameter substantially the same or slightly smaller than that of the shaft of a male user's penis; a glans portion having a diameter greater than that of the male user's glans; and an amount of lubricant spread over the inner surface of the glans portion. The shaft portion and the glans portion of the condom are connected to each other to form a single piece, which is made of a natural rubber latex. In use, the shaft portion tightly encloses the shaft of the user's penis and the glans portion loosely covers the user's glans, but will be pressed and rubbed against the glans during intercourse.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an abdomen cover that is covered on a wearer's abdominal region to protect it while he or she is asleep especially in summer, thereby preventing having the trouble in his abdomen, that is also used during the day or during working outside for long hours, thereby keeping his abdominal region in a warm state, that is designed to conform to a wearer's body shape, thereby maintaining the fixed position thereof on his abdominal region without any displacement, and that is formed integrally with all kinds of clothes or detachably coupled to them in an easy manner. The abdomen cover includes a cover body having an inclined portion slantingly formed at both sides thereof to be conform to a wearer's body shape; and a fastening band formed at the end portion of one side or each of both sides of the cover body, for tying the cover body around the wearer's abdominal region.

Abstract: Apparatus for use in controlling snoring, including: a sensor system for sensing snoring by a person while sleeping, and a stimulus device effective, when actuated by the sensor system, to apply a stimulus to the person for producing a response tending to interrupt the person's snoring. The stimulus device includes a vibrator and a band for enclosing a body part of the person and for applying a vibration to the body part. Also described is a force or displacement sensor, which includes a housing filled with a liquid having high transmissivity and low attenuation properties with respect to acoustical waves, and an acoustical transmitter and an acoustical receiver carried by opposed walls of the housing spaced from each other to define between them an acoustical transmission channel of the liquid. The housing is deformable by a force such as to change the length of the acoustical transmission channel in accordance with the applied force.

Abstract: An information system determines compliant or non-compliant use of an oral appliance over time. The system includes a communication device and a data analyzer. The communication device forwards commands to, and receives information from, an oral appliance. The oral appliance records at least one measure indicative of presence of the oral appliance in an oral cavity. The communication device communicates with the oral appliance when the two are within operational range of each other. The communication device forwards information to the data analyzer. In turn, the data analyzer determines whether a user's use of the oral appliance is compliant with a schedule. The data analyzer generates one or more reports that can be accessed, communicated and reviewed by those with appropriate authorization credentials.

Abstract: A surgical mask is disk shaped and made of a flexible and elastic sheet material. It has a rim flange which strengthens the edge of the disk and prevents edge tears. An preferably off center linear slit is about 3 inches in length and provides terminal holes for preventing slit tear-out. In use, the mask is pressed down over a surgical site so as to be able to efficiently catch fluids erupting from the surgical site.

Abstract: A cigarette manufacturing apparatus has an applicator that is interposed in a wrapping paper supply path for continuously supplying wrapping paper to a hoist and applies an aroma chemical to the wrapping paper, a high-frequency dielectric heating device that is installed in the applicator and dries the wrapping paper applied with the aroma chemical, and a warm air blower that supplies warm air to the inside of the high-frequency dielectric heating device and dehumidifies the inside of the device.

Abstract: The present invention includes various hair extension methods and related devices.

Abstract: An artificial nail forming device is disclosed which is formed of stamped sheet metal and has a front section and a rear section formed by an intermediate opening between the sections. The rear section has bendable ears for attaching the device to a finger so the natural nail of the finger is exposed in the opening. The front section of the device has an outer surface that defines orthogonal curvatures that simulate the orthogonal curvatures of a natural nail. The exposed nail has its tip overlying the front section outer surface so that the artificial nail can be applied to the exposed natural nail and to the device front section outer surface. After curing, the artificial nail is separated from the forming device by pressing on two tabs extending from the front section to bend and thus displace the front section relative to the rear section and to the finger. This displacement breaks the bond between the artificial nail and the front section.

Abstract: An artificial nail is disclosed, which can increase the adhesive force between a French-nail manicure and the artificial nail and prevent a French-nail decoration from being damaged. The artificial nail includes an upper surface having a rough portion, a French-nail decoration formed on the rough upper surface, an adhesive layer having a strong adhesive force interposed between a French-nail manicure and the upper surface having the French-nail decoration. Also, the artificial nail set includes a tree having plurality of branches branching off from both sides of the tree and a plurality of artificial nails, each of which is detachably coupled to each end portion of the branches and has the above-described construction. The French-nail decoration formed on the artificial nail has a prolonged lifetime because it is prevented from being peeled off, worn or damaged (abraded).

Abstract: A pencil-like stick has hair color therein and is used in the manner of a magic marker to apply to a color to a user's hair. The stick includes a tip having two arms that are closed by a lever on the stick to trap strands of hair therebetween. When hair is trapped between the two arms, hair color from the stick is wicked from a reservoir in the stick to the hair.

Abstract: A hair curling system for curling or waving hair. The system includes; a frustoconical rolling member with first and second ends; a latching member coupled thereto; a motivated rotating device removably coupleable to the frustoconical rolling member and having: a motor and a coupling member removably mechanically coupleable to the frustoconical rolling member. The coupling member is removably mechanically coupled to the motivating device and has a hexagonal cross-section. The motivated rotating device includes: a tension sensor and a clutch that disengages when the tension sensor measures a tension outside a predetermined range. There is an annular member encircling the first end and rotatably coupled thereto. There is a frustoconical textile member coupled about an exterior of the frustoconical rolling member to provide a layer of absorbent material thereon.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an applicator (10; . . . ; 810) including an application face (21; . . . ; 821) formed by a material incorporating a plurality of cells opening onto the application face via at least one emergent edge (25), the application face being at least partially covered by a flock coating (30; . . . ; 830) formed from fibres, the average size of the cells being such that the surface on which the flocking fibres are placed is of a different profile from that of an envelope surface of the application face containing the emergent edges (25) of the cells.

Abstract: Dental thread contained into a closed envelope and disposable therewith, particularly having the suitable length to be used only once. The thread is contained into an envelope having at least two opposite sides closed along respective edge regions and having at least one of its end portions fixed to one of said edge regions.

Abstract: A dental floss tooth pick includes a holder having a space formed between two arms, a dental floss filament attached onto the holder and engaged with the free end portions of the arms and extended through the space of the holder, and a tightening device having a rotatable mandrel for engaging with the dental floss filament and for rotating the dental floss filament relative to the holder to rotate and tighten the dental floss filament to the holder. The mandrel includes an orifice formed in an upper portion, or an aperture formed in a lower portion for receiving and for rotating the dental floss filament and for rotating the dental floss filament relative to the holder.

Abstract: Taught is a method of removal surface contaminants, including organic contaminants, metal ions and solid particles, from silicon wafer surface comprising the following steps: (a) submerging the silicon wafer surface in an aqueous cleaning agent solution through which current is passed using a boron-doped diamond film as an electrode; (b) submerging the silicon wafer surface in an aqueous cleaning agent solution; subjecting the silicon wafer to ultrasound waves; and, optionally, heating the solution; (c) submerging the silicon wafer surface in water through which current is passed using a boron-doped diamond film as an electrode; (d) submerging the silicon wafer surface in water with ultrasound and heating; (e) repeating step (d); and (f) spraying the silicon surface with water. The results obtained using the method according to this invention are far superior to those obtained with conventional methods. The technology is simple, convenient to operate, and environmentally friendly.

Abstract: Compositions, methods, apparatuses, kits, and combinations are described for neutralizing a stain on a surface. The compositions useful in the present disclosure include a composition that is formulated to be applied and affixed to a surface. If desired, the composition may be substantially removed from the surface to remove a portion or substantially all of the stain before being affixed to the surface. If a user desires to remove the composition from the surface, the composition is formulated to be removed by a number of methods including, for example, vacuuming, wet extraction, chemical application, and the like. If the user desires to affix the composition to the surface in a permanent or semi-permanent manner, the composition may be affixed to the surface by applying energy thereto in the form of, for example, heat, pressure, emitted waves, an emitted electrical field, a magnetic field, and/or a chemical.

Abstract: Compositions, methods, apparatuses, kits, and combinations are described for neutralizing a stain on a surface. The compositions useful in the present disclosure include a composition that is formulated to be applied and affixed to a surface. If desired, the composition may be substantially removed from the surface to remove a portion or substantially all of the stain before being affixed to the surface. If a user desires to remove the composition from the surface, the composition is formulated to be removed by a number of methods including, for example, vacuuming, wet extraction, chemical application, and the like. If the user desires to affix the composition to the surface in a permanent or semi-permanent manner, the composition may be affixed to the surface by applying energy thereto in the form of, for example, heat, pressure, emitted waves, an emitted electrical field, a magnetic field, and/or a chemical.

Abstract: A device for cleaning a substrate such as a fabric comprises a reservoir (3) for storing a fabric cleaning fluid (9), a scrubbing member (5) for scrubbing the fabric, the scrubbing member (5 in fluid communication with the reservoir (3). The scrubbing member (5) comprises one or more dispensing orifices (7) and a movable platform (11) for forcing said cleaning fluid (9) to exit from the reservoir (3) to the scrubber member (5), where it is exposed on an exterior portion of the scrubber member via said dispensing orifices (7), for cleaning purposes.

Abstract: A system for cleaning semiconductor lithography tools provides for cycling a polished-side down semiconductor wafer through the lithography tool using conventional automated robotics for loading and unloading the wafer from a vacuum chuck of the lithography tool. The vacuum chuck may provide a continuous clamping vacuum feature and may include a vacuum ring that surround the periphery of the vacuum chuck. The chuck and vacuum ring may advantageously be formed of a high accuracy ceramic or plastic such as ZeroDur ceramic. The polished side of the semiconductor wafer includes grooves in a polished surface and which extend inwardly from a peripheral edge of the wafer, the grooves provide gaps between the wafer and chuck allowing the wafer to be released by a slow loss of vacuum-pressure through the gaps. The pristine clean polished surface of the wafer getters contaminating particles from the chuck.

Abstract: A hole cleaning apparatus includes a handle, mandrel, spool holder, cleaning material, and cutting edge. The handle having a first end and a second end. The handle having a bore extending from the first end to the second end. The mandrel having a first end and a second end mounted to the first end of the handle. The mandrel having a central bore that extends therethrough. The spool holder connected to the second end of the handle. The cleaning material attached to the spool holder. The cutting edge is disposed on the mandrel. The cleaning material extends from the spool holder through the bore of the handle and through the central bore of the mandrel.

Abstract: A processing apparatus includes: a tank configured to store water; vapor generating unit configured to turn the water supplied from the tank into vapor; a processing chamber in which vapor supplied from the vapor generating unit is used to remove residues from a workpiece; cooling unit; and filtering unit. The cooling unit cools waste liquid ejected from the processing chamber. The filtering unit is provided between the cooling unit and the tank, and the filtering unit filters the waste liquid cooled in the cooling unit. A processing method includes: supplying vapor into a processing chamber; removing residues from a workpiece using the vapor; cooling waste liquid containing the removed residues to precipitate the residues as solids; and filtering the waste liquid containing the precipitates.

Abstract: A dishwasher is provided with a storage container for rinsing water, the dishwasher being particularly simple and economical to produce, whereby the space loss in the dishwasher is kept very low. The storage reservoir is a flexible film bag, which may be matched in volume to the volume of the liquid.

Abstract: A produce cleaning machine provides baskets for holding large and small produce items and water sprayers for directing water jets onto the produce from above and below. One basket is motorized to rotate to more evenly clean the produce, while a further basket can be rolled in and out of the machine to make loading and unloading easier. The force of the spray is adjustable and the rotational speed of the motor is as well to provide for special handling of the produce. Rotation after cleaning is used to help dry the produce, and ultraviolet emission is used to sanitize the produce.

Abstract: A substrate processing method according to the present invention is to be applied for stripping and removing, from the surface of a substrate, a resist no longer required. According to the substrate processing method, a resist stripping liquid is supplied to the center portion of the surface of a substrate held by a substrate holding unit. An organic solvent liquid is supplied to the peripheral edge portion of the surface of the substrate held by the substrate holding unit.

Abstract: A device for fitting an object in a dishwasher is provided. The device can be easily integrated as complementary equipment in a large number of the dishwasher racks and provides the user with the possibility of rapidly filling objects and even fitting objects which are non cylindrical in shape. The fixing device comprises a first section designed to be coupled with the rack of a dishwasher, and a second section that extends substantially vertically forming a curve, the first section being designed to be non rotating and to be coupled with a vertical element of the dishwasher rack.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a “tunnel” device for external washing of vehicles. The device consists of a series of stations (S1, S2), in which phases of the process for washing the vehicle (V) are carried out, and means for driving a vehicle through the stations. The device is provided with at least one horizontal brush (6) for cleaning the vehicle (V). The brush is mounted transversely with respect to the direction (F) of transport of the vehicle (V) on support means (61, 62, 63), which support it with respect to the vehicle (V), which is being pulled by the drive means (2). In at least one station there is a plurality of spray nozzles (7) to spray the driven vehicle (V) with sprays (71) of a wash liquid. Advantageously, the spray nozzles (7) are mounted on support means (62, 63) for the horizontal brush (6) and are movable via said means with respect to the vehicle (V).

Abstract: A dishwasher is provided having a dishwashing container and a filter system for cleaning dishwashing liquid. The filter system includes a foam volume and the filter system and the dishwashing container are communicated with one another such that at least some of the dishwashing liquid can be discharged from the dishwashing container in association with a washing cycle of the dishwashing machine to the foam volume for passage of the discharged dishwashing liquid through the foam volume. Dishwashing residue contained in the dishwashing liquid is at least partially absorbed or retained by the foam volume such that the fine-grained dirt particles can be filtered out of the dishwashing fluid, a resoiling of the dishwashing fluid or the items to be cleaned can be minimized and the dishwashing result can be improved.

Abstract: The invention relates to a disinfection apparatus (1) for disinfecting liquid cleaning of health care objects and the like, which disinfection equipment comprises a washing system (2) for supplying liquid to a chamber (3) which is adapted to hold said objects in cleaning, a pump (4) for pumping liquid in said washing system (2), and at least one collection space (5) connected to the inlet (6) of the pump for collecting liquid from said chamber (3) to the pump (4). Said collection space (5) is defined by at least one partition (7) which has an extent horizontally from the inlet (6) of the pump and which screens the inlet (6) of the pump from liquid descending into the chamber (3) at least nearest the inlet (6) of the pump.

Abstract: A wafer thinning apparatus for treating wafers each having at least a circuit-forming surface thereof protected, by immersing the wafers in a treating solution. The apparatus includes a support table for receiving, as placed thereon, containers each containing a plurality of wafers in one of groups into which the wafers are sorted according to predetermined ranges of thickness, a treating tank for storing the treating solution and receiving the containers, a transport mechanism for transporting the containers between the support table and the treating tank, and a control unit for controlling the transport mechanism to transport the containers successively to the treating tank, and for changing an immersion time of the containers in the treating tank for each group.

Abstract: A handle assembly for umbrellas includes a switch connected to the frame which is received in the handle and the switch is accessed via an opening defined in the handle. An operation member is rotatably mounted to the handle and positioned a first position and a second position. The first position of the operation member is located to cover the switch and the second position of the operation member is located to uncover the switch. The operation member can be replaced by a cap which is pivotably or rotatably connected to the handle to cover or uncover the switch.

Abstract: A self-standing walking stick includes a base and a hollow tube or pole extending upwardly from the base. The pole may be detachably coupled to the base. A light is provided in the base, with a switch in the pole to control turning the light on or off. A battery is electrically coupled to the light and the switch to provide power to the light.

Abstract: A cover for a cane includes a fabric sleeve having a shaft portion extending along a first axis and a handle portion at least a part of which extends along a second axis intersecting the first axis. The shaft portion is substantially linear and of a length proportioned to be substantially coextensive with a shaft of a monopod cane. The handle portion extends from and is integral with the shaft portion, and is proportioned to be substantially coextensive with a handle of a monopod cane. A first opening is provided at the distal end of the shaft portion, and a second opening is provided at a distal end of the handle portion. A third opening is provided at the intersection of the shaft portion and handle portion.

Abstract: A shock absorber conversion kit, for a crutch of the type having a tubular main body and an extension member secured to and fitting within the main body, the kit having a first abutment attachable to the main body, a second abutment attachable to the extension member, a resilient device which can be positioned between the first abutment and second abutment, so that pressure on the main body will cause telescoping movement of the extension member into the main body and will stress the resilient device, and release of pressure will permit movement of the extension member out of the main body and will relax such stress. Also disclosed is a shock absorber crutch in which an extension member is slidable into and out of a main body, and is controlled by a resilient action.

Abstract: In some embodiments, the present invention is directed to thermoelectric devices comprising thermoelectric elements comprising nanotubes of thermoelectric material. The present invention is also directed to methods of making such thermoelectric elements and devices, particularly wherein the nanotubes are formed electrochemically in templates. The present invention is also directed to systems and applications incorporating and using such devices, respectfully.

Abstract: A photovoltaic awning assembly includes a sheet of material carrying photovoltaic strips thereon. A rotatable roll receives the sheet of material and has a contoured drum at opposite ends thereof for deploying and retrieving the sheet of material through the use of a cable connected to a boom at an opposite end of the sheet. A pair of support tubes extend along opposite sides of the sheet of material, and support legs serve to position the sheet. In one embodiment of the invention, one of the support legs is out of plane with the others, introducing a saddle surface in the sheet of material to provide it with stability to resist wind. The roll for retrieving and maintaining the material is constructed of a non-metallic material such as corrugated fiberglass sheet, rolled about take-up drums at opposite ends thereof, and having reinforcing flanged disks in the interior thereof. The corrugations provide conduits for the passage of electrical conductors to an externally maintained control box.

Abstract: Apparatus able to track sunlight by three angles for photovoltaic (PV) power generation includes: a solar cell module; a solar cell holder; an angle-adjustable platform; a driving motor; a holding pillar and a tracking sensor. The apparatus for PV power generation can generate electric power at three specific angles in a day. The tracking sensor can track the position change of the sun by utilizing the driving mechanism to switch among different positioning statuses. Through the optimized design and the cooperation of the tracking sensor and the positioning mechanism, the apparatus for PV power generation of the present invention can achieve a highest efficiency elevation of the electric power generation by minimum tracking motions.

Abstract: The present inventions are solar cell assemblies comprising a combination of efficiency enhancing features, such as, a photovoltaic cell array including two or more members having different band gaps, dispersive optics capable of directing wavelengths of incoming light to the most efficient cells for those wavelengths, light concentrators to focus incoming light onto the appropriate cells, and electrically conductive light concentrators that can act as contacts and transmission paths for current generated in the assembly.

Abstract: A solar hydrogen generation system is disclosed that efficiently utilizes photovoltaic cells, storage batteries, and electrolyzers to generate hydrogen from the sun by direct coupling of these components. The system mutually arranges the photovoltaic cells, batteries, and electrolyzers in series, and the series components in parallel. The arrangement allows the voltages of the photovoltaic cells, batteries, and electrolyzers to match each other for optimal performance. The invention further provides for continuous hydrogen generation, even through the night or periods of low solar flux, and a system for preventing the overcharging of the batteries.

Abstract: Disclosed are a novel dye, having a dispersant functional group to simultaneously exhibit a dye function and a dispersant function, and a dye-sensitized solar cell including the same. According to this invention, the dye may simultaneously manifest a dye function for absorbing light, made possible by being adsorbed on the entire surface of metal oxide particles, to thus produce excited electrons which are then transferred into a conduction band of metal oxide, and a dispersant function for preventing the agglomeration of the particles to thus improve the uniformity of the metal oxide particles in a paste and film density.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel form of titanium oxide. The titanium oxide is characterized in that it has the crystallographic structure of rutile with an orthorhombic lattice and a Pnmm space group, it has a platelet morphology, the platelets being of rectangular shape with a length between 3 and 10 nm, a width between 3 and 10 nm and a thickness of less than 1 nm and it has a specific surface area, determined by nitrogen adsorption/desorption, of 100 to 200 m2/g.

Abstract: A method of forming a multijunction solar cell comprising an upper subcell, a middle subcell, and a lower subcell comprising providing first substrate for the epitaxial growth of semiconductor material; forming a first solar subcell on said substrate having a first band gap; forming a second solar subcell over said first subcell having a second band gap smaller than said first band gap; and forming a grading interlayer over said second subcell having a third band gap larger than said second band gap forming a third solar subcell having a fourth band gap smaller than said second band gap such that said third subcell is lattice mismatched with respect to said second subcell.

Abstract: Systems and methods of production of a photovoltaic device include creating on a donor semiconductor wafer an exfoliation layer and transferring the exfoliation layer to an insulator substrate. One or more finishing processes may be performed before and/or after transferring the exfoliation layer, such as to create a plurality of photovoltaic structure layers. Production of the photovoltaic device further may include subjecting the donor semiconductor wafer to an ion implantation process to create the exfoliation layer, bonding the exfoliation layer to the insulator substrate, and separating the exfoliation layer from the donor semiconductor wafer. Transferring may include forming an anodic bond via electrolysis, such as through the application of heat, pressure and voltage to the exfoliation layer and the insulator structure.

Abstract: Photovoltaic devices include an insulator structure bonded to an exfoliation layer, preferably of a substantially single-crystal donor semiconductor wafer, and at least one photovoltaic device layer, such as a conductive layer. In a preferred embodiment, a device may include a conductive layer adjacent to the insulator substrate and integral to the exfoliation layer, near the side that faces the insulator substrate, such as between the insulator substrate and the exfoliation layer. In a further preferred embodiment, a device may include a plurality of photovoltaic device layers distal to the insulator substrate and in or on the exfoliation layer, preferably having been epitaxially grown on the exfoliation layer after the exfoliation layer has been anodically bonded to the insulator substrate by means of electrolysis.

Abstract: The invention discloses differing embodiments of integrated solar cells and battery devices, in addition to disclosing methods of distributing energy. In one embodiment of the invention, an integrated solar cell and battery device may include a top layer, a middle layer, and a bottom layer. The top, middle, and bottom layers may be made of Nanoscale material, and may comprise sublayers. The top layer may include one or more solar cells, while the bottom layer may include a battery. The middle layer may direct thermal energy from the top layer to the bottom layer. The device may also include one or more electronic circuits adapted to control electrical charge along one or more paths between the solar cells and the battery. The Nanoscale materials of the top, middle, and bottom layers may comprise a plurality of Nanotubes or a plurality of Nanowires.