Abstract: An apparatus generally includes a dump frame pivotably coupled to a vehicle's chassis, and a slide frame slidably coupled to the dump frame. The apparatus further includes at least one slide frame actuator for causing sliding movement of the slide frame, and at least one dump frame actuator for causing pivotal movement of the dump frame.

Abstract: A method for extracting minerals from a narrow-vein deposit by thermal fragmentation is provided. The method includes locating the vein and determining the extent thereof to form the boundaries of a stope. Access to the stope is prepared by forming a panel having an upper drift and a lower drift. Equipment for thermal fragmentation, including a burner, is installed from the upper drift. The burner moves along the panel surface in a sweeping motion, while rock chips spalled from the rock panel surface are collected. Multiple panels for processing can be realised, with lower panels being processed before upper panels, by excavating a sub-level to separate the lower and upper panels.

Abstract: A cutting tool for use on earth working and land clearing equipment includes a working body portion having a cavity disposed therein which begins at a peripheral edge of a first end and extends inwardly towards a second end of such working body portion. The cavity is provided with a cutting portion disposed at an acute angle about such peripheral edge. A mounting shank extends outwardly from and is attached to the second end of the working body portion for enabling attachment of the cutting tool to a tool holder used on such earth working and land clearing equipment. At least one pin member engaging the complimentarily aligned grooves within an aperture of the tool holder and an outer surface of the shank portion is used to securely retain the cutting tool within the tool holder.

Abstract: A bicycle rim is provided with an annular metallic rim member and a reinforcing member. The annular metallic rim member has a plurality of spoke attachment arcas with at least one spoke attachment opening in each of the spoke attachment areas and a plurality of intermediate areas disposed between adjacent pairs of the spoke attachment areas. The reinforcing member extends circumferentially about the annular metallic rim member to overlie the spoke attachment areas of the annular metallic rim member. The reinforcing member has a plurality of discrete spoke attachment area reinforcing parts overlying a corresponding one of the spoke attachment areas of the annular metallic rim member. The reinforcing member also has a rim reinforcing part overlying the intermediate areas of the annular metallic rim member and at least partially overlying the discrete spoke attachment area reinforcing parts.

Abstract: A urethane wheel that is manufactured by molding, casting, or vacuum forming methods in a mold having a wheel shaped cavity that a wheel core formed from a rigid material such as steel or aluminum has been supported in to receive a flow of a urethane material directed therearound, encapsulating the entire wheel core and forming a wheel capable of supporting a car or light truck traveling at highway speeds.

Abstract: A wheel-mounting sleeve and retainer is described. The wheel-mounting sleeve includes a sleeve body, formed and dimensioned for mounting through a wheel-bearing bore in a wheel and into telescoped relation over an axle having a retaining notch. The wheel-mounting sleeve includes at least one retainer discrete from the sleeve body. The retainer includes monolithic spring and lug portions, and is coupled to the sleeve body such that the lug portion is resiliently positionable through a port in the sleeve body and into the axle bore to a detent position wherein the lug portion engages the retaining notch of the axle to constrain the axle within the axle bore. A method of using the wheel-mounting sleeve and retainer is also described.

Abstract: An axle housing assembly includes a cast iron tube having a pocket that is formed proximate a first end of the cast iron tube. The pocket is disposed generally transverse to a longitudinal axis of the cast iron tube. The axle housing assembly also includes an insert made of steel connected to the pocket. The steel insert permits the cast iron tube to be coupled to a cast iron carrier housing by welding steel plugs positioned in the carrier housing to the steel inserts.

Abstract: A brake system for a mobile work tool, such as for a logging machine or a combined dredger-loader, is disclosed. The mobile work tool is provided with two non-muscular brake valves for brake actuation which may be operated by the driver in accordance with the orientation in the driver's cab—for instance during road travel and when the driver's direction of view is to the rear. In accordance with the invention, a tank port of a non-muscular brake valve is connected with the brake port of the second non-muscular brake valve, so that the first non-muscular brake valve is connected via the tank port of the second non-muscular brake valve with the pressure medium tank, and upon actuation of the second non-muscular brake valve the generated braking pressure is supplied via the tank port of the first non-muscular brake valve into the latter, so that the brake ports thereof are correspondingly subjected to braking pressure.

Abstract: A turning behavior control device for vehicle has a left and right wheel driving force adjustment mechanism for adjusting a difference in driving force between rear wheels, a braking force adjustment mechanism for adjusting a difference in braking force between the wheels, a vehicle velocity sensor, a steering wheel sensor and a yaw rate sensor for detecting the behavior of the vehicle, and a control unit for controlling the left and right wheel driving force adjustment mechanism and the braking force adjustment mechanism, based on the vehicle velocity, the steering angle and the yaw rate detected by the sensors, and changing at least one of the left and right driving force control amount of the left and right wheel driving force adjustment mechanism and the braking force control amount of the braking force adjustment mechanism.

Abstract: A detachable crawler (1, 20) capable of increasing the durability thereof on a rubber belt part (4) body side, wherein each of a metal core (6) and a track shoe (21) of a detachable pad (5) is formed so that tightening force in a specific range (approx. 4.90 to 78.5 MPa per unit area) can be applied to a rubber elastic body (4a) including a tensile reinforcing layer (2) sandwiched between a core bar (3) in the rubber belt part (4) and the metal core (6) or steel track shoe (21) of the detachable paid (5).

Abstract: A bezel mounting assembly includes a bezel (10), a front panel (30) defining a pair of apertures (31), and a locking device (20) attached to the bezel for securing the bezel to the front panel. The bezel includes a pair of pillars (121) and a pair of blocks (11) having a pair of posts (14). The locking device includes a pair of symmetric side plates (22) defining through slots (25) for slidably receiving the posts, a pair of resilient arms (27) extending from the side plates, an operating member (23), and a pair of catches (26). The locking device is slidably attached on the blocks, with the posts engagingly received in the through slots. The resilient arms are secured to the pillars at free ends thereof. The operating member is moved vertically so as to drive the catches to engage in and disengage from the apertures of the front panel.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a computing device includes an outer housing having opposed sides, and a mounting feature provided on one of the opposed sides of the outer housing, the mounting feature being configured to secure the computing device to another object.

Abstract: A printer includes a print generator for generating a print signal at a predetermined constant rate according to a predetermined resolution, a data transducer for downloading raw data, a printhead for printing the raw data downloaded by the data transducer, an encoder for recording the relative position of the printhead, and a controller for receiving the print signal and for controlling the printhead to print the data corresponding to the print signal. When receiving a current print signal and the printhead has not completed printing the data corresponding to a previous print signal, the controller controls the printhead to print the data corresponding to the print signal after the data corresponding to the previous print signal is printed, and does not wait for the next print signal.

Abstract: A signal converter (180) that may perform functions to enable a thermally based technology to be used with a piezo-electric printhead (190). The signal converter and piezo-electric printhead may optionally by used in conjunction with a chassis assembly (100) having an adjustable vertical member (115) for sizing the chassis assembly to a printer. Methods of using a piezo-electric printhead in a printer having a thermal printhead configuration may include the steps of coupling the printhead to the printer and performing conversion functions.

Abstract: When a relatively large image in the sub-scanning direction is to be printed, a relatively large number of dot-forming elements among a plurality of dot-forming elements are used to form dots by means of sub-scanning with a relatively large average feed. When a relatively small image in the sub-scanning direction is to be printed multiple times at different positions in the sub-scanning direction on the same print medium, a relatively small number of dot-forming elements among the plurality of dot-forming elements are used to form dots by means of sub-scanning with a relatively low average feed. With this embodiment, large images are rapidly printed, and small images are printed more efficiently on printing paper.

Abstract: A liquid ejecting apparatus includes an image buffer which stores image data, a memory, a liquid ejecting head which ejects a liquid droplet therefrom based on the image data, and a head control unit which transfers the image data stored in the image buffer to the memory, and transfers the image data for each color stored in the memory to the liquid ejecting head. The head control unit transfers first null data to the liquid ejecting head before start of the transfer of the image data from the memory to the liquid ejecting head. The head control unit transfers the null data to the liquid ejecting head after end of transfer of the image data from the memory to the liquid ejecting head.

Abstract: An inkjet printer is disclosed in which a protector is provided for a capping facility for a printhead within the printer. The protector comprises a covering member which is arranged to engage with the capping facility during intervals when the capping facility is not engaged with the printhead, whereby the capping member is protected against loss of contained moisture and ingress of contaminating material. In one of its embodiments the printer has a protector for a capping facility in the form of a capping mechanism for a printhead having a plurality of ink-delivery nozzles.

Abstract: A printer controller for supplying dot data to at least one printhead module and at least partially compensating for errors in ink dot placement by at least one of a plurality of nozzles on the printhead module due to erroneous rotational displacement of the printhead module relative to a carrier, the printer being configured to access a correction factor associated with the at least one printhead module; determine an order in which at least some of the dot data is supplied to at least one of the at least one printhead modules, the order being determined at least partly on the basis of the correction factor, thereby to at least partially compensate for the rotational displacement; and supply the dot data to the printhead module.

Abstract: The method of controlling droplet discharge for a liquid discharge apparatus which discharges droplets from a discharge head onto a discharge receiving medium, the method comprises the steps of: discharging at least three droplets substantially simultaneously on a same line so that at least mutually adjacent droplets overlap when landing on the discharge receiving medium; controlling the droplet discharge so that a droplet discharge amount sequentially increases in a relative manner from a center area toward both ends of a dot group formed by the at least three droplets; and forming the dot group which contains the at least three dots with substantially a same diameter on the same line.

Abstract: The present invention provides an ink jet printing apparatus including feeding structure for feeding a print medium into the printing apparatus, conveying structure for conveying the print medium fed by the feeding structure to a position where printing head can carry out printing, and scanning structure for moving and scanning a carriage to a position where the printing head can be subjected to preliminary ejection, wherein a paper feeding and conveying operation is performed simultaneously with a preliminary ejecting operation of a print head, while not all of the feeding structure, conveying structure, and scanning structure are simultaneously driven. Therefore, by providing a power supply capacity sufficient to drive two of the three structures, it is possible to cause the print head to perform a preliminary ejecting operation without suspending the operation of feeding and conveying the print medium.

Abstract: The temperature of a recording head used for recording is adjusted by heating a recording head that is not used for recording and utilizing the effect of heat conduction. The adoption of such a configuration makes it possible to adjust the temperature of a recording head during recording by the use of a relatively simple temperature control circuit. Further, since temperature adjustment can be continuously and efficiently conducted, a good discharge condition can be achieved, and the speed of recording can be increased by reducing the number of recovery operations such as preliminary ejections.

Abstract: A plurality of same ink nozzle arrays are provided, and multiple color patches are printed with mutually different dot recording rates respectively using one of the same ink nozzle arrays. Color specification value of the plurality of color patches is measured for each same ink nozzle array. The ink ejection amount error of each same ink nozzle array is determined based on the color specification values of the plurality of color patches for each same ink nozzle array. It is also possible to select among the plurality of color patches a preferable color patch that is closest to a specified reference color patch, and to determine the ink ejection amount error from the dot recording rate of the preferable color patch.

Abstract: A carriage, which moves an inkjet head group composed of a plurality of inkjet head arrays laid approximately perpendicular to a printing paper transport direction, carries a line charge-coupled device (CCD). The line CCD has a reader element array composed of a plurality of reader elements laid in the same direction as the printing paper transport direction. The line CCD has a width along the printing paper transport direction, which is greater than a width of the inkjet head group. When the carriage moves, the line CCD scans the printing paper in the secondary scanning direction. Ink ejection inspection is made based on an image read by the line CCD.

Abstract: An article of manufacture including a first adherend and a mixed two-part adhesive disposed on the first adherend, wherein the first part of the two-part adhesive includes a first fluorescent dye.

Abstract: An inkjet printer includes: (a) a head unit having ejecting portions and operable to eject a plurality of kinds of inks through the ejecting portions; (b) a discharger for discharging the inks through the ejecting portions; and (c) a communication controller. The discharger includes: (b-1) a cap selectively placeable in a contact state in which the cap is held in contact with the head unit, and in a separate state in which the cap is separated from the head unit; (b-2) a suction pump; and (b-3) a connector connecting the cap and the suction pump. The cap defines therein ink storage chambers in which the respective kinds of inks are to be stored. The connector includes passage definers defining respective discharge passages each communicating the corresponding ink storage chamber and a chamber of the suction pump.

Abstract: A printer comprises an arm mounted on a pivot member. The arm has a first portion adapted to move along an arcuate path. A drive motor rotates the arm about the pivot member. An electromagnetic radiation emitter mounted on the first portion is adapted to emit pulses onto an electromagnetic radiation-sensitive medium.

Abstract: A high-resolution printer includes a printhead having optimized features including 3 to 20 micron diameter orifices spaced apart from adjacent orifices by a distance of between about 15 and 75 microns. The orifice plate is electroformed and plated to a thickness ranging from about 6 to 19 microns. A barrier layer secures the orifice plate to a printhead substrate.

Abstract: This invention provides a printing apparatus which employs a print head constructed to minimize a memory area to hold ejection data and not requiring a sophisticated manufacturing technology and thus realizes a print mode to perform a higher-than-normal-resolution printing, making it possible to form a high quality image when needed. For each of cyan and magenta that make large contributions to the formation of an image, four nozzle arrays are allocated. For each of the remaining colors, two nozzle arrays are allocated. For cyan and magenta, the interval between adjoining nozzles of the paired two arrays is set to ¼ the nozzle pitch. For cyan and magenta, all of the four nozzle arrays are used in the high resolution print mode and, in the normal print mode, only two of the four nozzle arrays are used for printing. Of the paired adjoining nozzle arrays, only one is used.

Abstract: A fluid delivery system includes a plurality of nozzles having an outer surface and a bore. A hydrophobic layer is applied to a portion of the outer surface of the nozzle and extends into the nozzle bore a determined distance.

Abstract: An inkjet printer has a plurality of ink ejection nozzles. Each nozzle includes a paddle (5) located in a chamber (2) which is moveable in a forward direction between a rest state and an ejection state, for ejecting fluid from the chamber through an outlet port (11) as it moves from the rest state to the ejection state. The paddle (5) is positioned to substantially close an inlet port (3) when in the rest state and the paddle (5) and the inlet port (3) define an aperture (16) between themselves. The paddle (5) includes means (12) to reduce fluid flow through the aperture (16) toward the inlet port (3) as the paddle (5) moves from the rest state to the ejection state.

Abstract: The ink jet recording method and apparatus convey a recording medium to a position opposing an ink jet head by a conveyor and record an image onto the recording medium conveyed to the position with the ink jet head by ejecting ink droplets from at least one ejection portion toward the recording medium through exertion of electrostatic force on ink in accordance with an image signal. The method and apparatus pass through the position a strong electric field formation portion giving to the ejection portion an electric field strength stronger than that of the recording medium or give to the ejection portion an electric field strength stronger than that formed in the ejection portion in a non-ink droplet ejection period during the recording of the image on the recording medium, immediately before the recording medium and the ink jet head are relatively moved to the image recordable position.

Abstract: A thermal inkjet printhead with bubble forming heater elements formed from a material with a nanocrystalline composite structure. Nanocrystalline composite films can be superhard and can facilitate removal of the SiC and Ta anti-cavitation wear coatings. Improved oxidation resistance can also be achieved with some nanocrystalline composites, facilitating removal of the Si3N4 oxidation prevention coating. By removing or reducing the protective coatings, the heater element requires much less energy to form a bubble in the ink. A further benefit is improved crack resistance, which can extend the lifetime of uncoated heaters.

Abstract: An ink jet head having a channel damper, and a method of fabricating the same. The ink jet head includes a heat-generating resistor disposed on a substrate to generate pressure for ink ejection, a chamber layer disposed on the substrate to enclose the heat-generating resistor and having a first height from the substrate in order to provide at least one opened portion, and a channel damper disposed at the opened portion to completely enclose the heat-generating resistor together with the chamber layer and having a second height lower than the first height is disposed at the opened portion. A nozzle layer having a nozzle corresponding to the heat-generating resistor is disposed to be in contact with an upper surface of the chamber layer.

Abstract: In a method for producing an ink-jet recording head, a plurality of through-holes is formed in a heat storage layer formed on one surface of a silicon substrate, subsequently, heating elements are formed, and a protective layer is formed on the substrate. A passage-forming member forming discharge ports and ink passages is formed on the protective layer and an ink supply port is then formed by anisotropic etching from the other surface of the silicon substrate. In this step, since the protective layer serves as an etching stop layer, the passage-forming member is not in contact with an etchant. Subsequently, the protective layer formed in the through-holes is removed so that the ink supply port includes a filter.

Abstract: An ink reservoir bag of flexible, plastic sheet material for an ink delivery system for an ink cartridge is constructed of two sheets of plastic material having peripheral edges bonded together to provide an ink chamber therebetween and has separate fill and exit ports opening into the chamber and respectively defined by a fill tube and an exit tube bonded to the bag between the peripheral edges thereof. Flexible tubing is connected to the exit port through a check valve interposed between the port and tubing, and a lure lock is interconnected with the fill tube to provide an injection sight for filling the bag. The bag is filled by connecting the tubing to a vacuum source, evacuating air from the bag and tubing, connecting the fill port to a source of ink and using the negative pressure to draw ink into the bag and tubing.

Abstract: An ink cartridge includes an ink containing part and first through third housings. The ink containing part includes a holding member with an ink supply opening part and a sealed ink filling opening part. The first housing includes a holding part holding the holding member of the ink containing part. The second housing has an outline analogous to that of the first housing. The third housing is fitted to the side of the assembly of the first and second housings from which side ink is supplied. The first, second, and third housings are assemblable and disassemblable.

Abstract: An ink container includes an ink containing unit having a housing which directly contains ink, an ink guide, a movable member changing the internal volume of the ink containing unit, and a buffer chamber. The buffer chamber allows changing the internal volume of the ink containing unit when the movable member moves, and has an air communicating portion and is defined by a wall structure. A negative pressure controlling mechanism for controlling the negative pressure in the ink containing unit generated when the ink is guided out of the ink containing unit is provided apart from the housing.

Abstract: The present invention can suppress penetration of dust and foreign particles into a nozzle of an ink jet recording head, and can manufacture and make functional a structure therefor in an economic manner and with high reliability. An ink discharge energy generating element which generates energy for discharging ink is formed on the surface of an Si substrate. The Si substrate comprises an ink supply port which communicates ink from the rear face side of the substrate to the front face side of the substrate. The ink supply port comprises a filter structure having a plurality of minute through-holes formed on the Si substrate.

Abstract: An ink-jet ink set having a first liquid and a second liquid, wherein the first liquid includes a colored particle, a dispersant, a water-soluble solvent, and water, the second liquid includes a water-soluble solvent, water, a coagulant capable of coagulating or insolubilizing the first liquid, the colored particle has a core-shell structure in which a core part is coated with a shell part, the core part includes an uncolored component, and the shell part includes a colored component. An ink-jet ink tank, an ink-jet recording method and an ink-jet recording apparatus utilizing the ink-jet ink set.

Abstract: An aqueous ink, by which stable ink-jet recording can be conducted irrespective of printing environment, a substantially even image having abrasion resistance can be formed, no image soiling is caused even upon double-side printing, and a high-quality image improved in unclearness at a contour portion of the image and free from occurrence of color bleed can be provided, is provided. The aqueous ink is an aqueous ink used in a system that a reaction liquid containing at least a polyvalent metal and an aqueous ink containing at least a pigment dispersion, in which a pigment is dispersed with an anionic polymer dispersant, are used to form an image, wherein the aqueous ink satisfies specific condition.

Abstract: The image recording apparatus comprises: an inkjet head which has a plurality of nozzles discharging ink onto a recording medium; a conveyance device which performs relative conveyance of the recording medium relatively with respect to the inkjet head; and a fixing device which fixes the ink deposited on the recording medium from the plurality of nozzles, wherein the image recording apparatus records an image by discharging the ink onto the recording medium from the inkjet head while the relative conveyance by the conveyance device, and the image recording apparatus further comprises: a conveyance control device which controls a relative conveyance velocity of the recording medium in the relative conveyance with respect to the inkjet head; a discharge amount control device which controls an amount of the ink discharged from the inkjet head; a fixing control device which controls a fixing energy applied by the fixing device to fix the ink deposited on the recording medium; and a bleeding prevention control dev

Abstract: A recording apparatus has a recording head, a platen, and a first hole. The recording head includes a dot formation element array, and the platen holds a recording medium opposite the recording head. The first hole is disposed in an area of the platen opposite a downstream portion of the dot formation element array and guides ink discarded outside an end of the recording medium when the end is printed without a margin. Alternatively or additionally, a second hole is formed in an area of the platen opposite an upstream portion of the dot formation element array, and the platen guides ink, which is discarded outside an end of the recording medium when the end is printed without a margin, to the second hole.

Abstract: A method of producing and using photo media to print a glossy, photo-quality image. The image is printed onto the back of a coated transparent base. Thereafter, an opaque backing is applied to cover the printed image. The resulting print is viewed from the front, which provides the photo-quality, attractive appearance primarily because of the substantial gloss depth and uniformity attributable to the transparent base. The transparent base and backing protect the ink-receiving coating and make the resulting print very durable. The image is light fast because the ink is sandwiched between the transparent base and the backing, thereby sealing the ink from oxygen. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the backing is applied as a liquid using substantially the same mechanism as used for printing the image.

Abstract: A printer is provided comprising substantially vertically disposed print media supply and collector. The print media supply supplies print media for printing by a printhead and the collector collects the printed print media. A transport device comprises rollers is provided to transport the print media through a delivery path which passes through an angle of at least 140°, and preferably 180°, from the supply to the collector via the printhead.

Abstract: A pair of eyeglasses comprise a temple, and a connecting member; the connecting member is pivoted to a connecting end of the temple; the connecting end has notches on a lateral side; the connecting member is pivoted to a connecting end of the rim; the connecting member has inner and outer lateral wall portions, and a hollowness between the lateral wall portions; the outer lateral wall portion has toothed parts; the temple is fitted in the hollowness, and pivoted to the lateral wall portions of the connecting member with the toothed parts of the connecting member fitting on the notches for the temple to grip the connecting member after the rim is pivoted up and down relative to the temple together with the connecting member; the temple has a stopping part, and the connecting member has a stopping block in the hollowness to work with the stopping part.

Abstract: A hybrid contact lens comprises a substantially rigid zone having an aspheric base curve with a given apical radius and a substantially flexible hydrophilic peripheral portion coupled to the substantially rigid zone, the peripheral portion having one of a plurality of radii, wherein a conic constant of the substantially rigid zone varies with apical radius, so as to provide a nearly constant deviation between the aspheric shape of the base curve and a sphere having a radius equal to the apical radius, regardless of the length of the apical radius.

Abstract: The present invention provides multifocal lenses containing at least four zones of different refractive power. The zones are positioned such that the wearer is able to use the inferior-most portion of the lens to more clearly, as compared to conventional multifocal lenses, view objects at distances more than 45 cm from the eye.

Abstract: A functional wafer of the present invention is disclosed to solve manufacturing difficulties involved in the production of optical elements such as polycarbonate ophthalmic lenses. The functional wafer may include a front layer, a functional layer, and a back layer, whereas the front layer and the back layer are bonded to the functional layer with or without additional adhesive. Said functional layer is smaller than at least the front layer by about 0.5 mm to 5 mm along the perimeter edge. A functional wafer of this construction can be conveniently and effectively incorporated into a lens through an insert injection molding process, in which said back layer will be in contact with the lens material.

Abstract: A method of designing a multifocal ophthalmic lens with one base focus and at least one additional focus, capable of reducing aberrations of the eye for at least one of the foci after its implantation, comprising the steps of: (i) characterizing at least one corneal surface as a mathematical model; (ii) calculating the resulting aberrations of said corneal surface(s) by employing said mathematical model; (iii) modeling the multifocal ophthalmic lens such that a wavefront arriving from an optical system comprising said lens and said at least one corneal surface obtains reduced aberrations for at least one of the foci. There is also disclosed a method of selecting a multifocal intraocular lens, a method of designing a multifocal ophthalmic lens based on corneal data from a group of patients, and a multifocal ophthalmic lens.

Abstract: A method of designing a multifocal ophthalmic lens with one base focus and at least one additional focus, capable of reducing aberrations of the eye for at least one of the foci after its implantation, comprising the steps of: (i) characterizing at least one corneal surface as a mathematical model; (ii) calculating the resulting aberrations of said corneal surface(s) by employing said mathematical model; (iii) modelling the multifocal ophthalmic lens such that a wavefront arriving from an optical system comprising said lens and said at least one corneal surface obtains reduced aberrations for at least one of the foci. There is also disclosed a method of selecting a multifocal intraocular lens, a method of designing a multifocal ophthalmic lens based on corneal data from a group of patients, and a multifocal ophthalmic lens.