Abstract: A method checks the adjustment of the length or volume of an intake manifold in an internal combustion engine which, when there is a functionally capable adjustment of the length of the intake manifold, is operated with a first, comparatively large intake manifold length when there is a first, comparatively low rotational speed, and is operated with a second, comparatively small intake manifold length when there is a second, comparatively high rotational speed. In the method, a measure is formed for an actual value of the power or of the torque of the internal combustion engine from operating parameters which are sensed for controlling the internal combustion engine during its operation. The measure is compared with a predetermined setpoint value, and the check is carried out in dependence on the result of the comparison. In addition, a control unit is configured to carry out the method.

Abstract: A gas exchange valve of an internal combustion engine having a valve cone essentially made of a valve shaft, which passes into a valve plate while forming a hollow cone, and the valve cone or at least the valve shaft up into the area of the hollow cone being manufactured from a typical valve steel made of a nitride-forming based alloy, such that its parts which comprise a typical valve steel also have good corrosion protection. The valve cone is provided at least in partial areas with a corrosion protection layer in the form of a nitride layer, and the corrosion protection layer is generated by reacting the nitride-forming based alloy by plasma nitration or plasma nitro-carburization in a nitrogen atmosphere.

Abstract: A cylinder head for an internal combustion engine wherein intake openings to the cylinder are partly surrounded by a mask formed by a material projection of the top face of the combustion chamber, a contour of the mask having a flat main section of maximum height between an ascending and descending flank and being asymmetrical in a developed view.

Abstract: In a process of mounting a camshaft 20 to a supporting member 10, a shaft body 21 is firstly inserted into a first bearing hole 13F in the front side of the supporting member 10, before the shaft body 21 is axially moved toward the second bearing hole 13R. In order to get a cam lobe 22 through a concave bearing portion 13M in a semicircular arc shape, rotation of the camshaft 20 enables a cam nose 22b to be directed downward, which is opposite from the concave bearing portion 13M. This enables avoiding the interference between the cam nose 22b and the concave bearing portion 13M, even when the curvature radius of the concave bearing portion 13M is reduced. Consequently, reduction of the curvature radius of the concave bearing portion 13M achieves the downsizing of the supporting member 10.

Abstract: A cylinder head cover for an internal combustion engine includes an oil separator with a vortex chamber extending in a longitudinal direction from a proximal end to a distal end. Said vortex chamber comprises an essentially pipe-shaped wall extending in said longitudinal direction, a gas inlet arranged at said proximal end of said vortex chamber and oriented tangentially to said essentially pipe-shaped wall, for tangentially blowing blow-by gas into said vortex chamber, such that a gas vortex flow helically rotating along said essentially pipe-shaped wall in the longitudinal direction from said proximal end to said distal end of said vortex chamber is created, and a gas outlet opening. The gas outlet opening is arranged in the region of said distal end of said vortex chamber.

Abstract: An apparatus for an aspiration plate for a rotary internal combustion engine. The engine has three rotating members that orbit about the center of a three-armed rotor as the rotor rotates within a housing with three lobes. The tips of the rotating members engage the lobes and a circular cutout in the rotor as the rotor rotates. A back, or aspiration, plate includes inlet and exhaust ports that are sequentially opened and closed by the rotating members and rotor as they move within the housing. A front plate rotates with the rotor and separates the combustion chambers from a planetary gear assembly that ensures the alignment of the rotating members as they orbit the rotor shaft. Fuel is injected after the compression cycle is initiated.

Abstract: A powertrain for driving a motor vehicle includes an internal combustion engine including first and second rotors supported for rotation about an axis, a first epicyclic gear unit including a first component fixed against rotation, a first driving component, and a first driven component, a first power path alternately producing a first drive connection between the driven component and the first rotor, and opening said first drive connection, and a second power path producing a second drive connection between the driven component and the second rotor, and opening said second drive connection.

Abstract: An endothermic engine comprising: a plurality of combustion chambers each provided with at least one valve and a lever (11) adapted to cause the opening of said valve; a camshaft (1) with a plurality of cams adapted to control said levers; a cylinder head having a supporting axle (2) on which a plurality of bushings (16, 16?) are rotationally and eccentrically mounted, each of which rotationally supports one of said levers; an actuator (8) adapted to cause the rotation of said bushings by a predetermined angle; characterised in that said bushings are made reciprocally integral in rotation around said supporting axle by means of a plate (12), preferably formed by a series of overlapping sheets (14), connected rigidly to them at least in the direction of rotation.

Abstract: A fuel injection system having a high-pressure accumulator, in which fuel may be stored at high pressure, at least one fuel injector via which the fuel located in the high-pressure accumulator may be injected into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine being connectable to the high-pressure accumulator. A high-pressure pump draws in fuel out of a leak fuel area, compresses it, and supplies it to the high-pressure accumulator, so that a high fuel pressure is built up therein during operation of the high-pressure pump. A return line having a regulating valve is implemented between the leak fuel area and the high-pressure accumulator, the regulating valve allowing a fuel flow from the leak fuel area into the high-pressure accumulator when the high-pressure pump is shut down.

Abstract: An actuator for actuating a fuel injection valve has a piezoactuator, enclosed in an actuator housing unit (14, 16). The housing unit has a cylindrical actuator housing (14) which is elongate in its axial direction (A) and at least partially encased by an extruded plastic coat. The actuator housing unit (14, 16), in its encased area, is provided with a ventilation aperture (20) in which a ventilation element (22) produced from a microporous material is disposed.

Abstract: A compact electromagnetic valve device for fuel injection apparatus for engines is provided with which occurrence of cavitation erosion due to rapid change in pressure in a small gap is prevented without increasing in size. Through holes are drilled in a platy armature connected to a poppet valve for opening and closing a fuel passage connecting a fuel feed/spill passage to a plunger room of a fuel injection apparatus, and a thin plate valve or check valve is provided to the armature to allow the holes to be opened or closed in accordance with upward or down ward movement of the armature connected with the popped valve.

Abstract: In a circuit arrangement (10a) for operating an injector arrangement (12a) for injecting fuel in an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, in order to obtain information easily as to the degree to which each valve is open when the injector arrangement is in operation, a measuring signal (S0) is superposed on a control voltage that is supplied to an actuator (Cpiezo, Rpiezo) and, based on an evaluation of the electrical properties of the actuator (Cpiezo, Rpiezo), a detection signal (S2) is produced that is representative of the position of the valve body (44a) relative to the valve seat (46a).

Abstract: A fuel injection control apparatus is provided with respect to a port-injection type engine that is configured to execute sequential fuel injection during normal operation and cut the fuel supply when a certain operating condition exists. The fuel injection control apparatus has a fuel injection control section that is configured such that upon determining that the deceleration rate of the engine speed is rapid when a fuel cut recovery condition is satisfied, then the fuel injection control section sets the fuel injection timings of the cylinders such that fuel is injected substantially simultaneously into at least a cylinder that was in an intake stroke and a cylinder that was in an exhaust stroke at the time when it was determined that the fuel cut recovery condition was satisfied.

Abstract: In a fuel supply device for the supply of fuel from a fuel tank to an internal combustion engine, with at least one electrically driven fuel pump arranged in the fuel tank which pump conveys fuel out of a fuel tank to the internal combustion engine via a fuel supply line, wherein a fuel line extends from the fuel supply line to a suction jet pump pumping fuel from the fuel tank to a collecting tank in which the electrically driven fuel pump is disposed and wherein a throttle is arranged upstream of the suction jet pump in the fluid line leading to the suction jet pump, a pressure limiting valve is provided upstream of the suction jet pump and downstream of the throttle for limiting the pressure of the fuel operating the suction jet pump thereby reducing or eliminating the noise generated by the suction jet pump.

Abstract: A canister device includes a main canister, a sub-canister, and a hose. The main canister includes a charging port, a purging port, and a main canister-side connection port. The sub-canister is separated from the main canister and located on a side of the main canister, and includes a drain port opened to the atmosphere and disposed on the same side as the main canister-side connection port of the main canister and a sub-canister side connection port disposed on the opposite side from the drain port. The hose provides fluid communication between the main canister-side connection port and the sub-canister-side connection port.

Abstract: A fuel system for an internal combustion engine includes a delivery unit and a pressure region into which the delivery unit feeds; the fuel system includes at least one heater and a control unit, which activates the heater when the delivery unit is switched off so that the pressure in the pressure region does not fall below a limit pressure.

Abstract: A method for operating an internal combustion engine in which fresh air, under ambient pressure, is compressed with the aid of a compressor, in particular an exhaust gas turbocharger, and supplied to a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine via a throttle device, the rotational speed of the compressor being ascertained with the aid of a sensor, in particular a pressure sensor, the rotational speed of the compressor being used for determining the ambient pressure or a boost pressure applied downstream from the compressor and upstream from the throttle device.

Abstract: A method of operating an internal combustion engine employs exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) in combination with directly injected gaseous fuels that are burned within the engine in a stratified combustion mode. An engine that employs EGR includes an injector adapted to provide a high pressure quantity of fuel into a combustion chamber within a given pressure range, at a given angle and through a nozzle hole size to help provide for EGR tolerance and, consequently, reduce emissions.

Abstract: A system module is provided for recirculating exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine to an intake manifold of the internal combustion engine. The module includes a body (12) including a passageway (41) between an exhaust gas inlet (32) and an exhaust gas outlet (34). An orifice (36) constricts the flow of exhaust gases proximate the exhaust gas outlet. A differential pressure sensor (38) is constructed and arranged to sense differential pressure across the orifice. A manifold absolute pressure sensor (42) is constructed and arranged to sense vacuum pressure associated with the exhaust gas outlet. A first hose (40) is coupled with the body and provides the differential pressure sensor with vacuum pressure on a first side of the orifice. A second hose (44) is coupled with the body and provides the manifold pressure sensor with vacuum pressure. The first and second hoses are integral with the system module.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for operating an internal combustion engine, wherein exhaust gas produced by the internal combustion engine is returned to the internal combustion engine via an exhaust gas recirculation device, which comprises at least two cooling units with each of which a bypass is associated, the exhaust gas being cooled in the exhaust gas recirculation device as a function of the load state of the internal combustion engine, and wherein fresh air is fed to the internal combustion engine via a charge-air feed device, which comprises at least one cooling unit and at least one bypass connected in parallel to the cooling unit, the fresh air being supplied via the cooling unit and/or the bypass as a function of the load state. The invention also relates to an internal combustion engine comprising an exhaust gas recirculation device and a charge-air feed device.

Abstract: A real-time, on board, diesel engine emissions estimation with an empirical, table-based approach that accounts for up to eight (8) input parameters, for optimum emissions estimation under steady state or transient engine operation. The method considers a steady state NOx model, steady state Particulate Matter model, transient NOx model and transient Particulate Matter models to populate a table in memory. The switch between steady state and transient models, real time emissions estimations is based on the rate of change of engine speed (RPM). If the rate of change of RPM exceeds a predetermined threshold, transient models for NOx and Particulate Matter are used to operate the engine and reduce emissions of NOx and Particulate Matter.

Abstract: A device for separation of oil from the hot gases (5) that are ventilated out from the crank house of a combustion engine. The separation is accomplished by contacting th gases with a cold wall (2) where the oil deposits and is then drained away. The wall (2 is kept cold by the cold gases (4) leaving the device which makes the cooling demand small. The leaving gases (4) are heated by this, so that a higher degree of separation f purification can be accomplished by the use of several similar steps in series.

Abstract: A plasma ignition system has an electromagnetic noise reduction circuit in addition to a discharge power circuit, a plasma generating power circuit, a plasma ignition plug, a discharging wire and a plasma generating wire. The noise reduction circuit includes a first rectifier connected to the discharging wire, a second rectifier connected to the plasma generating wire, and a noise reducing capacitor connected in parallel to the second rectifier. The noise reduction circuit is disposed close to the ignition plug so that the noise reducing capacitor bypasses only high frequency noise currents generated when the ignition plug discharges.

Abstract: A back tension bow release includes at least one adjustable finger hold positioned with respect to a base. The base has a finger insert portion about which the adjustable finger hold may be positioned. A release mechanism is attached to the base for holding a bowstring until release.

Abstract: A device suitable for sawing a workpiece, contains a wire web formed by a sawing wire or adapted to receive such a wire web, a forward feed instrument holding a semiconductor workpiece to be sawed and feeding the workpiece in the direction of the wire web, and a reservoir filled with a sawing suspension, the reservoir being arranged and filled such that at least the part of the sawing wire which is in engagement during the sawing process is immersed into the sawing suspension of the reservoir.

Abstract: A door control mechanism which is attached near the hinge region of a door to bias the door to a closed orientation, and after a prescribed location, bias the door toward an open location to a sufficient degree such that the door is noticeably open. The door control mechanism in one form may have a cam extension that engages a spring member to supply stored energy to and from the spring member to bias the door closed and to bias the door open after a prescribed amount of rotation.

Abstract: A tunnel oven including a case enclosing a baking chamber, the baking chamber having a lateral side, an oppositely lateral side, a longitudinal end, and an oppositely longitudinal end, the case having longitudinal and oppositely longitudinal end walls respectively bounding the baking chamber's longitudinal and oppositely longitudinal ends; the tunnel oven further including first and second food passage ports respectively extending through the case's longitudinal and oppositely longitudinal end walls, the first food passage port having lateral and oppositely lateral sides; the tunnel oven further including a heater connected operatively to the case; the tunnel oven further including a food conveyor extending longitudinally through the baking chamber; the tunnel oven further including a plenum mounted within the baking chamber's lateral side, the plenum being opened by a blower port and by at least a first duct port; the tunnel oven further including an air blower mounted in communication with the plenum's blow

Abstract: It is an object of the invention to provide a cooking device and a cooking method which can quickly discharge a steam supplied into a heating chamber from the heating chamber and can cook an object to be heated through uniform steam heating by setting the steam in the heating chamber to have a suitable temperature for the cooking. A cooking device (100) for supplying a steam S to a heating chamber (11) accommodating an object M to be heated, thereby heating the object M to be heated includes steam supplying means for supplying the steam (S) to the heating chamber (11), and air discharging means for discharging the steam supplied to the heating chamber (11) from the heating chamber (11).

Abstract: An oven having a central cooking chamber defined in part by a housing and in visual communication with a flame-producing element. The cooking chamber has a door with a transparent portion providing visual inspection of the cooking chamber and a view of the flame produced by the flame producing element. The cooking chamber has a heat source to provide heat to the cooking chamber.

Abstract: A heating cooking appliance and a burner system of the same are provided. A nozzle and a mixing tube can be stably fixed, and relative position of components can be aligned with high precision even if the heating cooking appliance has a narrow internal space. Thus, operational reliability of the heating cooking appliance is improved, and an operator can easily assemble the burner system. To this end, a nozzle coupling part is configured to fix a position of a nozzle, and a mixing tube coupling part is configured to fix a position of the mixing unit. The nozzle coupling part and the mixing tube coupling part are partially coupled to achieve a precise relative positional relation between the nozzle and the mixing tube.

Abstract: An infrared range burner having a plurality of gas passageways formed therein for delivering combustion gas from a central gas supply to individual burner jets, the range burner including a burner body formed as a closed loop defining an open central area, the burner body having a plurality of gas passageways formed therein; a burner top disposed on the burner body and including burner jets in communication with the gas passageways; a burner bottom having an exhaust opening formed in a central area thereof, the burner bottom being disposed on the burner body oppositely from the burner top, with the open central area in registry with the exhaust opening and extending between the burner top and the burner bottom; and a flue mounted to the burner bottom and projecting outwardly therefrom, the flue being in fluid communication with the exhaust opening for drawing exhaust gases from the open central area.

Abstract: A heating cooking appliance is provided. The heating cooking appliance includes a case, a plate, a burner system, and a warm zone guide. The plate covers the top of the case. The burner system is provided below the plate and defines a heating region on the plate. The heating region heats food. A warm zone guide defines a warm zone region on the plate through exposing at least a portion of an undersurface of the plate to combustion gas generated from the burner system during exhausting of the combustion gas.

Abstract: A heating cooking appliance and a burner system thereof are provided. The height of the burner pot is reduced to facilitate product installation and reduce overall material and shipping costs. To increase user satisfaction with the product, a plurality of mixing tubes are extended in the same direction on one side of the burner pot in the burner system.

Abstract: A burner base includes a base member, a gas tube and a nozzle. The burner base includes a base, a housing on the base with an opening at a top thereof, an indentation at a junction of the base and the housing, a hollow connection member on the housing, an output tube in the housing and communicated with the indentation. The housing has an output passageway therein, and the base has a gas passageway therein communicated with the indentation. The gas tube is connected to the connection member and communicated with the output passageway. The nozzle is connected to the gas passageway to jet gas to the output tube through the indentation. Gas is provided into the base member through the gas tub and the nozzle respectively and flows out via the output passageway and output tube respectively.

Abstract: A solar collector element including a wooden frame having longitudinal frame members and cross members which are fastened to a back panel is provided. The insulating material is inserted in the frame between the cross members. Located on top of the cross members and the insulating material is a pipe coil which has a plurality of lengths of pipe that run substantially horizontally at a small angle to each other, and each is provided with a heat-absorbing aluminium plate which, with one of its longitudinal edge portions, surrounds the respective length of pipe. The outward side of the framework is covered by a panel, preferably a corrugated panel of polycarbonate. When using solar collectors for dwelling houses, several such solar collector elements are placed adjacent to each other and connected in series, optionally so as to cover most of the height of the roof between the gutter and the ridge.

Abstract: A nebulizing device for providing a nebulized fluid to a patient is provided. The nebulizing device may include a nebulizing element, a fluid delivery system, and at least one tube section. The fluid delivery system may be adapted to supply fluid to the nebulizing element. The at least one tube section may define a delivery path to the patient. The delivery path may be defined by a distance between the nebulizing element and the patient. The delivery path may have a length of less than about 500 mm.

Abstract: The present invention relates to multifunctional ?-agonist compounds comprising a reactive oxygen species scavenger group and a nitric oxide donor, and to methods of treating chronic obstructive airway diseases, such as asthma and chronic bronchitis.

Abstract: A fluid dispenser for dispensing a metered volume of a fluid product having a storage chamber for storing the fluid product in; a dispensing outlet through which the fluid product is dispensable from the dispenser; a metering chamber which is adapted to provide the metered volume of the fluid product for dispensing through the dispensing outlet by movement of the metering chamber between a contracted state and an expanded state, movement of the metering chamber from the contracted state to the expanded state placing the metering and storage chambers in fluid communication to enable the metering chamber to receive from the storage chamber an excess volume of the fluid product comprising the metered volume and a surplus volume; and a bleed arrangement adapted to bleed the surplus volume of the fluid product from the metering chamber is described.

Abstract: A ventilation system is adapted to synchronize the delivery of both positive pressure ventilation and negative pressure ventilation to a patient. The ventilation system is structured to produce a positive pressure flow of gas which is delivered to the patient's airway and a negative pressure flow of gas which is converted into a negative extrathoracic pressure. The negative extrathoracic pressure is communicated to the patient in synchronism with the delivery of the positive pressure flow of gas.

Abstract: A method for treating viral infections in vivo in subjects in need of such treatment by applying heat to affected body tissue, use of an apparatus to provide heated moist gas or heated liquids to affected body tissue that is infected with a virus and apparatuses capable of providing heat to a body part that is infected with a virus.

Abstract: A therapeutic apparatus for medical applications is improved in such a manner that the capacity of an energy store can be utilized as best as possible when there is a breakdown of the power supply. A charge level detector (16) is provided for the energy store which reduces the power output of the energy consumer (6) when there is a falling charge level of the energy store (14) with a drop of the supply voltage (15).

Abstract: A respiration leading apparatus, method, and medium, which can displace a respiration leading apparatus corresponding to a drive signal which corresponds to a selection input from a user, or displace a respiration leading apparatus generating the drive signal which corresponds to a biological signal of the user, thereby leading a respiration of the user, is provided. A respiration leading apparatus includes: a member; a selection module which receives a selection input from a user; a drive control module which outputs a drive signal corresponding to the selection input; and a drive module which displaces the member corresponding to the drive signal in order to lead a respiration of the user. A respiration leading apparatus, which can provide a user with structural displacement by a drive signal corresponding to biological information of the user, and be portable for the user, is provided.

Abstract: A fluid flow control valve is disclosed. This valve includes a housing which defines a central passageway having fluid inlet and fluid outlet openings. A pressure responsive element is disposed within the passageway for selectively opening and closing the inlet opening to fluid flow in response to fluid pressure exerted thereon at the inlet opening. A mechanism is provided within the passageway for exerting a bias force against the pressure responsive element which is sufficient to close the inlet opening to fluid flow absent a pre-established level of fluid pressure exerted on the pressure responsive element. A fluid filter element is also disposed within the passageway; and a retainer device is positioned for removably securing the filter element within the passageway.

Abstract: A tightenable band clamp with a clamping band and a tightening head with two clamping jaws which are a certain circumferential distance apart and which can be moved toward each other by a tightening device. For this purpose, at least one clamping jaw, in the area of its radially inside surface, has at least one projection which extends in the circumferential direction toward the other clamping jaw and which projects into the gap.

Abstract: A patient interface device that includes a body portion comprising a pair of arms and a chin support. A first end portion of each arm in the pair of arms is coupled to an opposite end of the chin support. The chin support is adapted to be disposed under the mandible responsive to the patient interface device being donned by a user. At least one headgear attachment element is provided on each arm in the pair of arms. A circuit portion is provided at a second end portion of each arm in the pair of arm. A patient interface portion is coupled to the circuit portion.

Abstract: A harness system and method for securing an interface to a breathing orifice in a head of a person, having a back portion for mounting to a back surface of the head, a front portion for engaging the interface with the breathing orifice, a first deformable side portion for connecting a first side of the back portion to a first side of the front portion, and a second deformable side portion for connecting a second side of the back portion to a second side of the front portion, and a biasing structure for biasing the back portion against the back surface and the front portion towards a face surface of the head to secure the interface to the breathing orifice, and for biasing the first deformable side portion away from a first side of the head and the second deformable side portion away from a second side of the head, wherein, when the biasing structure secures the interface to the breathing orifice, the first deformable side portion is operable to allow the first side portion to contact the first side of the hea

Abstract: A tracheotomy tube has a movable flange (2) that can be locked where desired along the shaft (1) of the tube. The flange has two wings (24) and (25) hinged close to one end, which has a cam profile (28). When the wings are folded rearwardly the flange is movable freely along the shaft. The flange is locked in position by folding the wings and forwardly and outwardly so that the cams contact and fractionally grip the outside of the shaft. The wings are retained in the locking position by a tape threaded through apertures (26) in the outer ends (27) of the wings and by which the tube is secured with the patient's neck.

Abstract: A tracheostomy tube assembly comprises an outer tube and an inner cannula. The machine end fitting of the outer tube has a bore of circular section interrupted by two flats. The machine end fitting of the inner cannula has an external surface shaped to fit within the fitting on the outer tube and also has two flats aligned with the flats on the outer tube fitting. Tubes of different sizes or other characteristics have flats with different orientations such that only inner cannulae suited for a particular outer tube can be inserted in the correct tube.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating pelvic organ prolapse, comprising a main body adapted to provide pelvic organ support when inserted into a vagina; and, an applicator for inserting the main body into a vagina.

Abstract: The Awake Airway is an oral device designed with two arches to gently hold both the maxillary and mandibular dental arches in a fixed position angled slightly open in such a way as to not stimulate any part of the oral cavity or oropharynx so a fully wide awake user would tolerate it. It would be made of a resilient material such as a soft plastic with a foam insert to hold the teeth or edentulous arches. It is shaped to conform to the teeth and maxillary and mandibular anatomy, and easily inserted by the user him/herself. By gently maintaining the mouth slightly open it would enhance the patency of the airway. It's usefulness would include that of a clinical airway in awake to sedated or anesthetized or obtunded patients that may be more flexible than currently available airway support devices since it may be tolerated until the user is fully awake.