Abstract: A dual decorative assembly for a vehicle wheel combines an outer member and an inner member that are rotatably mounted on a rotatable wheel hub. Bearings carried on the inner and outer members support the members on the hub whereby the inner member may rotate in a clock-wise or counter clock-wise direction while the outer member employs weights so that the outer member remains stationary by gravitational force to downwardly depend from the bearings. The inner member includes a flared edging over-hanging the peripheral edge of the outer member. The outer member includes a variety of cut-outs and edge scalloping for decorative purposes.

Abstract: A braking system includes a power supply supplying electrical power, and first and second brake components at least partially operated by electrical power. A first power supply network electrically connects the power supply and the first brake component, and a second power supply network electrically connects the power supply and the second brake component, the power supply networks being adapted to transmit the electrical power from the power supply to the first and second brake components respectively. An auxiliary power supply link is activatable to electrically connect the first power supply network and the second power supply network only when a failure occurs in one of the first power supply network or the second power supply network, the auxiliary power supply link adapted to transmit the electrical power between the first power supply network and the second power supply network only when the failure occurs.

Abstract: The electro-pneumatic latching valve system having an electrical switch unit that further includes an “apply” or “activate” switch, a “release” or “deactivate” switch, and a power supply. A first solenoid valve is in electrical communication with the activate switch and a second solenoid valve is in electrical communication with the deactivate switch. A pneumatic latching valve is in pneumatic communication with the first and second solenoid valves and a source of pressurized control and supply air is in pneumatic communication with the pneumatic latching valve and the solenoid valves. A terminal device, e.g., a spring brake, is in pneumatic communication with the latching valve, and the device is released or applied in response to pressurized supply air delivered to the device through the pneumatic latching valve in response to pneumatic control signals delivered to the pneumatic latching valve from the solenoid valves.

Abstract: A control valve includes a magnetic pole member. An armature is slidably supported relative to the magnetic pole member for movement between a fully open position and a closed position. A biasing spring is disposed between the magnetic pole member and the armature for forcing the armature away from the magnetic pole member. A coil is placed about the magnetic pole member and the armature for inducing a magnetic field for moving the armature toward the magnetic pole member. One of either of the magnetic pole member or the armature has a recess for non-contactingly receiving the other when the armature moves between the fully open and closed positions. The control valve can be embodied as a normally open valve or a normally closed valve. The use of dual lateral poles and triple lateral poles create a flat magnetic force versus travel curve thereby allowing for greater proportional control of the valve.

Abstract: A caterpillar band chain (1) has an attachment or hinge area (3, 4) including connectors (10) which are situated on the outside. The connectors (10) clamp bolts (20, 21) in a rotationally fixed manner. The bolts (20, 21) are mounted in rubber mountings (18) in tubes (6, 7).

Abstract: Pull-out guide (10) for furniture parts with a running rail (14) fixable to a furniture part and a carcass rail (12) fixable on the furniture carcass as well as and a central rail (16) which is provided between these two rails. The rails are guided so as to be longitudinally displaceable relative to one another by load-transmitting anti-friction bearings which are in each case retained rotatably in cages (22). The anti-friction bearings are constructed in a manner known per se as cylindrical rollers (30; 34) which are retained in the associated cage (22) so as to be rotatable transversely with respect to the pull-out direction about a horizontal or vertical as in each case, and which can roll on elongate planar tracks constructed on the respectively associated rails.

Abstract: A refrigerator having a basket lift apparatus that improves convenience by raising a basket provided at a lower portion of a body. The refrigerator includes a refrigerator body having cooling chambers; a frame slidingly received in a cooling chamber provided at a lower portion of the body; a basket on the frame for storing food items; a door hingedly connected to the front of the frame; a first link, one side of the first link rotatably connected to the basket or the frame and the other side slidably coupled with the frame or the basket; a second link provided across the first link, one side of the second link rotatably connected to the basket or the frame and the other side slidably coupled with the frame or the basket; and a link drive unit.

Abstract: A serial transmission control system accesses data based on status signal, includes a timing register for storing a predetermined times of a basic period width and a predetermined number of trigger times, a data buffer for storing data, a timing control state machine for outputting the status signal until receiving a terminal signal. The status signals have a period width complying with the predetermined time of the basic period width. While the terminal signal is received and a number of outputting the status signals does not comply with the predetermined number of trigger times, the status signal will keep outputting until complying with the predetermined number of trigger times. A transforming circuit is for accessing the data stored in the data buffer.

Abstract: In a print head having arrays of large nozzles and small nozzles with different ink ejection volumes that are connected to a common ink chamber, the preliminary ejection operation is performed 29,000 times first on only the large nozzles at an ejection frequency of 10 kHz to discharge viscous or mixed color ink from ink chambers. After the preliminary ejection operation of the large nozzles is finished, only the small nozzles are made to perform the preliminary ejection operation 2,000 times at an ejection frequency of 10 kHz. Reducing the number of preliminary ejections from the small nozzles in this manner can minimize the generation of stray mist. Further, by performing the preliminary ejection operation on the large nozzles first, it is possible to discharge enough viscous ink from the ink chamber.

Abstract: An inkjet recording device includes a nozzle module, a switching unit, a waveform generating unit, an image recognizing unit and a pulse width modulating unit. The image recognizing unit determines an ejection condition of the ink droplet ejected from the nozzle while referring to ejection data indicating a type of each pixel to be recorded, and generates switch pulse width data that includes the ejection data and the ejection condition. The pulse width modulating unit generates the switch pulse based on the switch pulse width data. The switching unit opens and closes in response to a switch pulse. An opening duration of the switch unit is variable depending on the switch pulse.

Abstract: The conventional print-controlling apparatus performs printing with CMY inks and additional inks having a lower lightness than CMY inks, which are mixed in a specific ratio when ejected from the print head, so that colors in the entire range from low to high lightness are expressed. Unfortunately, chromatic color inks differing in hue from CMY inks have a low lightness or a high density, and this leads to poor granularity in the region of high lightness. This disadvantage is eliminated if color conversion is accomplished by using the granularity improvement LUT 15c that limits the deposition of RV inks. In this way it is possible to limit the ejection of RV inks in the region of high lightness and to improve the ink granularity in the region of high lightness.

Abstract: An inkjet printing apparatus includes an edge detecting unit adapted to detect an edge portion and a non-edge portion in the image data; a memory adapted to store a plurality of edge reducing masks used to reduce image data in the edge portion and a plurality of non-edge reducing masks used to reduce image data in the non-edge portion; a reduced data generating unit adapted to generate multiple sets of edge reduced data from image data in the edge portion using the plurality of edge reducing masks and to generate multiple sets of non-edge reduced data from image data in the non-edge portion using the plurality of non-edge reducing masks; and a printing data generating unit adapted to generate multiple sets of printing data by combining the multiple sets of edge reduced data and the multiple sets of non-edge reduced data.

Abstract: If print agents used are detected by an optical sensor at different sensitivities, the present invention enables the easy setting of adjustment values for print positions resulting from these print agents. To accomplish this object, for example, the present invention substitutes and sets adjustment values for print positions resulting from cyan, light cyan, or black ink, corresponding to a high detection sensitivity, for adjustment values for print positions resulting from a light magenta, yellow, or magenta ink, corresponding to a low detection sensitivity.

Abstract: There is provided an ink jet printing apparatus that suppresses density unevenness caused by a difference in print time resulting from printing based on a bidirectional multi-pass printing system. With a relatively small print medium width, the time difference unevenness does not occur even in 2 pass printing. Accordingly, the 2 pass printing is selected. With a relatively large print medium width, selection of the 2 pass printing may make the density unevenness significant. Accordingly, the density unevenness is suppressed by selecting 8 pass printing. That is, in the 8 pass printing, the same area is scanned eight times, which is four times as frequent as the twice in the 2 pass printing. This reduces the size of each area having different densities, while increasing a cycle frequency at which a high and low densities are alternately repeated. As a result, the time difference unevenness is not perceived easily.

Abstract: An inkjet recording device, capable of reliably detecting obstacles such as wrinkles or foreign particles on a recording medium, is provided with a clearance sensor mechanism for detecting foreign particles and wrinkles on the recording medium. In such an inkjet recording device, printing is performed by scanning with the inkjet head while a platen on which the recording medium is mounted is fed. When a plate-like member provided between the default position in which the platen is on standby and the printing performing position to be scanned by the inkjet head contacts foreign particles or wrinkles of the recording medium mounted on the platen, the concealing member, together with the plate-like member, rotates about the axis line direction of an axis member. When a sensor detects the rotation of the concealing member, the platen is fed in the reverse direction. Further, when the inkjet head starts printing, a solenoid presses a receiving member and rotates the plate-like member.

Abstract: Ejection inspection of nozzles for a liquid such as ink is enabled to be carried out easily. A method for inspecting liquid ejection includes: a step of ejecting an electrically-charged liquid from a nozzle subjected to ejection inspection; and a step of determining that the liquid has been ejected if an induced current is produced by the liquid ejected from the nozzle in a sensing section provided in a state of non-contact to the nozzle, and determining that the liquid has not been ejected if the induced current is not produced in the sensing section.

Abstract: An inkjet recording apparatus includes a carriage having a recording head for jetting UV-curable ink onto a recording medium and a UV light emitter for projecting UV light onto ink having landed on the recording medium to cure the ink, and a maintenance unit for performing maintenance of the recording head. The apparatus further includes an input section for inputting a type of recording medium, a storage section for storing plural types of recording media and corresponding plural maintenance intervals, and a controller for controlling the maintenance unit such that the controller selects a maintenance interval, corresponding to the type of recording medium having been input through the input section, and performs maintenance, according to the selected maintenance interval. A method for maintenance of a recording head selects a maintenance interval, corresponding to the type of recording medium having been input, and performs maintenance, according to the selected maintenance interval.

Abstract: The ink-jet recording device of the present invention is provided with an ink-jet recording head that operates pressure waves on ink in a pressure chamber and ejects ink droplets from multiple nozzles; a wiper that wipes a nozzle face of the ink-jet recording head; a drive waveform applying component that applies a drive waveform to a drive element so that ink droplets are not ejected and ink floods the nozzle face; and a control component that, when performing wiping, drives the drive waveform applying component prior to initiating wiping and actuates the wiper in a state where the ink is flooded on the nozzle face.

Abstract: Even in the case where preliminary ejection is performed by a recording head having an array of pigment ink ejection outlets and an array of dye ink ejection outlets in which a length of the pigment ink ejection outlet array is longer than a length of the dye ink ejection outlet array, deposition of preliminarily ejected pigment ink at a preliminary ejection receiving portion is effectively prevented by providing an inclined surface at the preliminary ejection receiving portion so that ink from the dye ink ejection outlets is received at an upstream position of the inclined surface and ink from the pigment ink ejection outlets is received at a downstream position of the inclined surface in a direction of gravity.

Abstract: An ink jet printing device comprises a head unit, a head-unit moving unit, a recording-medium moving unit, and a control unit controlling the head unit, the head-unit moving unit, and the recording-medium moving unit. The control unit is configured to carry out printing so that a rear-end portion of discharge nozzles in an array direction after printing of a printing region and a front-end portion of the discharge nozzles in the array direction before printing of a non-printed region overlap each other with respect to a sub-scanning direction, and invalid nozzles that do not discharge ink drops are determined from among arbitrary ones of overlapping discharge nozzles including a front-end portion and a rear-end portion in the array direction of the discharge nozzles.

Abstract: A method of operating an ink jet printer including printing a first image having substantially solid fill regions on a transfer surface disposed on a print drum, printing a second image on the first image, wherein the second image comprises solid or dithered fill regions that correspond to portions of some of the solid fill regions of the interlaced image, and wherein the second image has a dot density that is less than a dot density of the first image.

Abstract: A pagewidth printhead assembly is provided. The assembly comprises: (i) an elongate ink distribution manifold that defines a longitudinally and centrally oriented region for receiving one or more printhead integrated circuits, the manifold having a plurality of ink inlets and a plurality of ink outlets that open into the region; (ii) one or more printhead integrated circuits mounted on the region for receiving ink from the ink outlets, each printhead integrated circuit comprising a plurality of inkjet nozzles, drive circuitry for driving actuators in the nozzles and bond pads connected to the drive circuitry; and (iii) a flexible TAB film for supplying power and data to the or each printhead integrated circuit, the TAB film connecting the bond pads with printer control circuitry. The TAB film extends around one longitudinal side of the ink distribution manifold.

Abstract: Disclosed are printing systems and printhead assemblies in which yellow print nozzles are paired on a die with black print nozzles, with cyan and magenta print nozzles on a separate die. The pairing of yellow and black nozzles reduces constraints imposed by the printhead architecture and manufacturing processes.

Abstract: An ink container capable of being simply mounted in a holder with a small working space includes a rib-like guide portion for determining a mounting path during mounting of the ink container in a head cartridge at a side surface. The head cartridge includes a holder portion provided with a sliding projection which slides in contact with the guide portion. When the ink container is mounted, a user moves the ink container so that a first inclined portion first contacts the sliding projection and thereafter the ink contained is moved in an obliquely below direction toward the head cartridge while sliding the sliding projection along the first inclined portion.

Abstract: An inkjet head including piezoelectric sheets each of which has an individual electrode-forming region on its front surface, and inner electrodes in its inside. Individual electrodes are arranged in the individual electrode-forming region. The inner electrodes are arranged opposite to the individual electrodes. Front surface common electrodes are provided on the front surface of the piezoelectric sheet so that the front surface common electrodes are formed as land portions disposed around the individual electrode-forming region. The front surface common electrodes are formed to extend lengthwise along outer edges of the individual electrode-forming region. One end portion of front surface common electrode in the lengthwise direction is connected to a connection terminal of a board connected to a drive circuit. The other end portion of front surface common electrode is electrically connected to a corresponding inner electrode via through-hole formed below the front surface common electrode.

Abstract: The inkjet recording head comprises: a first vibrating plate which forms part of a pressure chamber connecting an ink supply port and an ink ejection port; a first actuator which induces ink ejection from the ink ejection port for printing by deforming the first vibrating plate; a second vibrating plate which forms part of the pressure chamber; and a second actuator which induces ink ejection from the ink ejection port for performing maintenance by deforming the second vibrating plate, wherein a relationship K1>K2 is established between a ratio K1 of a volume of ink expelled by deformation of the first vibrating plate in relation to a pressure applied to the first vibrating plate by the first actuator during the ink ejection for printing, and a ratio K2 of a volume of ink expelled by deformation of the second vibrating plate in relation to a pressure applied to the second vibrating plate by the second actuator during the ink ejection for maintenance.

Abstract: The inkjet recording head comprises: a plurality of ink chambers aligned, each of the plurality of ink chambers having a nozzle; and a piezoelectric element arranged on an outer side of the plurality of ink chambers, the piezoelectric element using displacement in d31 direction, piezoelectric strain absorbing holes being formed through the piezoelectric element in regions of outer perimeters of active sections of the piezoelectric element, wherein when voltage is applied to one of the active sections of the piezoelectric element, corresponding one of the plurality of ink chambers is compressed by the piezoelectric element, and ink filled in the one of the plurality of ink chambers is discharged through the nozzle toward a recording medium.

Abstract: The liquid container includes: a container body having a built-in closed storage space for storing liquid, a liquid leading-out path for sending liquid in the storage space to a liquid consumption apparatus, an opening at one end thereof being opened on an outer surface of the container body and an opening at the other end thereof being opened in the storage space, a pressurized fluid introducing path for introducing a pressurized fluid into the storage space, an opening at one end thereof being opened on the outer surface of the container body and an opening at the other end thereof being opened in the storage space, and resistance generation unit arranged in the storage space for giving a resistance to a liquid flow in the storage space.

Abstract: An ink cartridge supported on a housing portion includes a non-volatile memory. The non-volatile memory communicates with a control portion mounted to a recording apparatus main body through a memory access controlling portion as an interface.

Abstract: An ink jet printer is provided with an ink jet head, a first support device, and a connecting device. The ink jet head is connected with an ink cartridge that stores ink, and the ink jet head discharges the ink supplied from the ink cartridge. The first support device is capable of supporting a plurality of spare ink cartridges that are aligned in a direction in which the ink is discharged. The connecting device disconnects the ink cartridge from the ink jet head, and connects one of the spare ink cartridges to the ink jet head. In the ink jet printer, the first support device is offset from the ink jet head within a plane that is perpendicular to the direction of ink discharge.

Abstract: A side rib provided on an inner wall of a housing creates space, which extends to reach an air hole, between a second ink retainer and the inner wall of the housing. A contact area where a first ink retainer and the second ink retainer are in contact with each other is provided with grooves that communicate with the space provided on the inner wall of the housing.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing an ink jet recording cartridge provided with a recording element substrate on the bottom surface, wherein the cartridge can be integrated with the recording element substrate precisely without causing any damage on the substrate, has a high barrier capacity, and can work with various inks and wherein such characteristics of the cartridge are provided by including the steps of pressing a lid to the upper opening of an ink-holding container made of a resin material including glass fibers to cover the opening, and vibration welding the lid to the container where means for holding the lid is vibrated in the direction along the top surface of the container.

Abstract: A printer that includes at least one printhead mounted to a carriage of a printing system, and a secondary ink container mounted to the carriage and which holds an ink and is in fluid communication with the at least one printhead. A pressure source in fluid communication with the secondary ink container provides a pressure to the secondary ink container during a purging operation to cause the ink to flow from the at least one printhead. The secondary ink container has a large enough volume to hold a sufficient amount of ink for a purge operation of at least about seven seconds. The secondary ink container has a minimum ink level, and an inlet that is located below the minimum ink level so as to minimize aeration of the ink as it flows through the inlet.

Abstract: A recording method performs recording on a recording medium using a pigment ink and a reaction liquid that has a higher surface tension than that of the pigment ink and contains a polyvalent metal salt capable of agglomerating the pigment ink. The method includes the steps of applying the reaction liquid on the recording medium, and bringing the pigment ink into contact with a surface of the reaction liquid that is present on the recording medium so that a filmy agglomerate, composed of an agglomeration of pigment aggregates produced by contact between the reaction liquid and the pigment ink, is formed on the surface of the reaction liquid applied on the recording medium.

Abstract: An ink jet printer has two first driven rollers (A) disposed at a most upstream position in a secondary scanning direction, two first driven rollers (B) disposed at an intermediate position in the secondary scanning direction, and a single first driven roller (C) disposed at a most downstream position in the secondary scanning direction. The pressing force on a trailing edge of the recording sheet (10) is dividedly released in three steps sequentially and, accordingly, the nipping force and feeding force working on the recording sheet (10) also vary stepwise. Load fluctuations that occur at the moment the trailing edge of the recording sheet (10) is released from the nipping force of the first transport roller (4) also vary stepwise, whereby it is not possible that the feed precision is disturbed in a moment.

Abstract: An image recording device, comprises: a recording head which discharges an ultraviolet-ray curable ink, which is cured as irradiated with ultraviolet rays; an ultraviolet light source which generates ultraviolet rays to cure the ultraviolet-ray curable ink; a first heating section which heats the ultraviolet-ray curable ink on a recording medium after an irradiation of the ultraviolet rays; a pressure section which pressurizes the recording medium after an irradiation of the ultraviolet rays; and a controller which controls the first heating section to start heating the ultraviolet-ray curable ink on the recording medium after the last discharge of the ink to an arbitrary area on the recording medium, a first predetermined time between the last discharge and the starting heat is predetermined, and controls the first heating section to heat the ultraviolet-ray curable ink within a second predetermined time.

Abstract: A recording apparatus includes a recording unit for recoding on a recording medium by ejecting ink, a conveyor belt for transporting the medium, first and second electrode groups including a plurality of electrodes inside the conveyor belt, a charging unit for charging the first and second electrode groups to provide a potential difference between the first and second electrode groups in order to generate an electrostatic force for attracting the medium to the conveyor belt, a duplex transport unit for turning over the medium transported by the conveyor belt from a first surface upward to a second surface upward and delivering the medium to the conveyor belt with the second surface upward, and a control unit for controlling the charging unit so that a difference between the potentials of the first and second electrode groups during transportation of the medium with the second surface upward is different from that during transportation of the medium with the first surface upward.

Abstract: A positioning structure for auxiliary eyeglasses comprises an auxiliary eyeglass frame of auxiliary eyeglasses with an additional function, having a bridge provided with a receiving space and a through hole formed on a back wall of the receiving space. A protective strip combined to the auxiliary eyeglass frame is provided with an inserting portion extending downwardly from a central portion and having a first projection projected rearward so that the inserting portion can be inserted into the receiving space with the first projection being engaged with the through hole. A pair of second projections are provided on each end of the protective strip for being inserting into a recess formed on each end of a main eyeglass frame. Hereby the auxiliary eyeglass frame with the protective strip can be stably and speedily attached/detached to/from the main eyeglass frame.

Abstract: Eyeglasses include a pair of temples, and a lens frame assembly. Each of the temples has a front end portion that is formed with a recess. Each temple includes a first positioning protrusion that is disposed in the recess and that defines a first abutment face formed with a plurality of first teeth. The lens frame assembly includes a pair of connectors extending rearwardly, and that are pivotally and respectively disposed in the recesses. Each connector has a rearward end defining a second abutment face that is formed with a plurality of second teeth that mesh selectively with the first teeth to thereby allow for vertical adjustment of the temples. Each of the first and second abutment faces has a first vertical edge and a second vertical edge, and is slanted such that the first vertical edge is more forwardly positioned than the second vertical edge.

Abstract: Electro-active multi-focal spectacles are disclosed. The spectacles have a stack of at least two electro-active regions. The electro-active regions produce a plurality of viewing correction zones. The spectacles also have a controller for independently activating the electro-active regions to produce viewing correction zones. An electro-active multi-focal spectacle having a blending zone is also disclosed. The blending zone provides a transition of optical power between viewing correction zones.

Abstract: A method and system of quantitatively evaluating subjective inconvenience, e.g., physiological fatigue and emotional fatigue, experienced by a user when the user views a three-dimensional display screen, based on objectively measurable indices. The method includes sorting words representing a degree of fatigue associated with a 3D image display among a plurality of words, grouping the sorted words through factor analysis, setting words with the highest factor weight as subjective parameters, receiving evaluation scores for the subjective parameters while varying test values of objective parameter candidates capable of representing 3D image characteristics in numerical values, obtaining a correlation between each of indices for N groups and each of the objective parameter candidates using the evaluation scores, and applying the factor weight to the indices to represent the degree of fatigue in the objective parameter candidates.

Abstract: The visual function is determined with the help of test images, comprising inducing photostress induced by illuminating the eye with an intense light, then measuring the time needed for the recovery of the visual function before the illumination. The test images are periodically moving test images, and the visual function is determined on the basis of detecting the phenomenon of optokinetic nystagmus. According to another process the visual function is determined by measuring critical fusion frequency (CFF) before and after the photostress.

Abstract: A method of modifying a portion of a digital image. In one arrangement, a digital image is displayed on a display, and the gaze data of a user viewing the image on the display is determined. The portion of the image being viewed by the user corresponding to the determined gaze data to identify a gaze region is then determined. The identified gaze region is modified to generate a modified gaze region, and the resulting modified gaze region is displayed on the display.

Abstract: An image projection apparatus. The image projection apparatus comprises a light source and LCD panel. The LCD panel comprises a plurality of pixels and color filters thereon. Light from the light source is projected to the pixels along an irradiative path and the LCD panel selectively reflects the projected light in accordance with an image signal along a projective path, wherein an angle between the irradiative and projective paths exceeds 0°.

Abstract: Projection assemblies are provided herein for use in a display system. According to one exemplary embodiment, the projection assembly includes an illumination source and a plurality of co-planar modulator panels. A method of modulating light is also provided herein that includes generating multi-component light, splitting the multi-component light into a plurality of component beams, and modulating the component beams with a plurality of co-planar modulator panels to form a plurality of sub-images.

Abstract: A prism assembly for use in optical devices, which includes a total internal reflection (TIR) assembly for redirecting an incoming lightbeam, a color prism assembly for splitting the incoming lightbeam into spectral bands, and at least one reflection light valve for redirecting and recombining the spectral bands to form an outgoing lightbeam, wherein the total internal reflection assembly has a back surface and said color prism assembly has a frontal surface facing said back surface and being parallel therewith, and wherein said back surface forms an angle with a general plane defined by the incoming and the outgoing lightbeams, which is different from 90°.

Abstract: A display and method enable the auto-alignment and auto focus of an image onto a large screen in a projection display.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for driving the light source of a projector are provided. The apparatus includes an adjustment unit, a lamp driver, a phase lock loop (PLL) and a mercury lamp. The adjustment unit provides an enabling signal and regulates the frequency of the enabling signal according to an indication signal. The lamp driver provides a driving signal according to the enabling signal and an input voltage, wherein the frequency of the driving signal is varied with the frequency of the enabling signal. The PLL provides a synchronized driving signal according to the driving signal and a vertical synchronization signal, wherein the synchronized driving signal is phase-synchronous with the frame field of the projector. The mercury lamp serves as the light source of the projector according to the synchronized driving signal.

Abstract: Aspects of the invention can provide a display apparatus that displays one image plane using plural projection type image display devices. The plural projection type image display devices that together form the display apparatus can be disposed in such a manner that at most one projection type image display device among the plural projection type image display devices forms a projection region of an original shape of projection on a screen.

Abstract: An illumination unit includes a first heat conducting plate and a plurality of light source modules to emit a plurality of lights having different colors, each light source module having at least one LED mounted on the first heat conducting plate and at least one corresponding collimator to collimate the lights emitted from the at least one LED.