Abstract: A method of fabricating a printed circuit board having a coaxial via, includes. The method includes assembling a plurality of layers configured in a stack so that the plurality of layers has a top signal layer and a bottom signal layer; forming a hollow via through the plurality of layers to connect GND layers in the printed circuit board, forming or inserting into the hollow via a conductor coated with non-conductive material, covering the top layer and bottom layer with dielectric and patterned signal layers, covering the top layer and bottom layer with a masking agent, plating the top layer and bottom layer with a conductive material that connects signal traces within via, and removing the masking agent from the top layer and bottom layer.

Abstract: A process of copper plating a through-hole in a printed circuit board, and the printed circuit board made from such process. The process comprises: providing a printed circuit board with at least two copper interconnect lines separated by an insulator in the vertical direction; providing a through-hole in the printed circuit board in the vertical direction such that the interconnect lines provide a copper land in the through-hole; applying a seed layer to an interior surface of the through-hole; removing an outermost portion of the seed layer from the interior surface of the through-hole with a laser; applying copper on the seed layer.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for fastening two substantially coplanar edges without a weld is disclosed. The method includes: configuring a dovetail feature on a first edge; configuring a complementary dovetail feature receptacle on a second edge to receive the dovetail feature therein; disposing the dovetail feature within the complementary dovetail receptacle; and swaging an interface defined between the dovetail feature in said first edge and said complementary dovetail feature in the second edge to swage mating edges defining the dovetail feature and the dovetail receptacle at at least six swage contact points. In one embodiment the swaging is with a hollow circle punch.

Abstract: A process is provided for manufacturing a catalytic converter formed from at least one monolith being held in a catalytic converter housing, especially a motor vehicle catalytic converter. A mounting mat (14) is placed on the outer circumferential surface (38) of the monolith (12) in the process, and the monolith (12) is subsequently stuffed together with the mounting mat (14) into the catalytic converter housing. To apply the mounting mat (14) on the monolith (12), the monolith (12) is set into rotation, while the mounting mat (14) is being fed tangentially and is carried by the monolith (12). A plant for carrying out the process is also provided as well as an application device (10).

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a catalyst carrier body includes producing a honeycomb body having at least partially structured layers forming channels through which a fluid can flow. The honeycomb body has an external extent formed at least partially by ends of the layers. At least one corrugated casing and a housing are also produced. The honeycomb body is inserted into the corrugated casing and the corrugated casing with the honeycomb body is inserted into the housing with the housing at least partially surrounding the honeycomb body. The housing is calibrated by reducing at least an internal contour of the housing and preferably also a profile of the corrugated casing. The honeycomb body is connected to the housing with the corrugated casing disposed between the honeycomb body and the housing. A catalyst carrier body produced by the method is also provided.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for removing non-condensing gas in heat pipe are disclosed, In this method, a resilient pad is abutted against an opening of a pipe body of the heat pipe after a working fluid is filled into the heat pipe. The heat pipe is then heated to remove the non-condensing gas by pressure difference.

Abstract: A dual line protractor fixed to a central axis which has two housings, each housing having a spool with retractable lines, the housings and spools being rotatably attached to the central axis. The spools and housings rotate independently of each other on the central axis. The lines can be extended from the spools and the tips of the lines are attached to anatomical landmarks on first and second body members. The protractor is placed on a joint between the first and second body members. The lines extend from the spools and housings over degree marks on the protractor. The difference between the degree marks provide the angle between the body members at the joint. The application of the dual line protractor for these measurements is simple and rapid, requiring only a few minutes, so that the range of motion of several joints with several repeat measurements can be performed in a relatively short period of time.

Abstract: A template (10) for assisting cover design has a decorative surface (12). The decorative surface includes a curved portion (121) and an essentially flat portion (122) around the curved portion. The flat portion has a plurality of slots (124) formed therein and is divided into several sections by the slots. Each section has been processed to have a characteristic texture. Each texture within a given section is different from that of any other one of the sections.

Abstract: A device for aligning with a king pin on a trailer comprising: a first bar having a first coupler at one end thereof; a bar having a second coupler at one end thereof; first and second couplers adapted for attachment to said king pin; each bar having a projection therefrom for aligning said rods on said trailer when said couplers are attached to said king pin.

Abstract: A position measuring instrument for detecting a relative position, the position measuring instrument including a scale having a measuring graduation extending in a measuring direction and a scanning unit that can be moved in the measuring direction in relation to the scale so as to generate a resultant scanning signal, wherein the scanning unit has a scanning graduation arranged on a side of the scanning unit. Either the measuring graduation or the scanning graduation includes graduation areas located periodically in the measuring direction, the graduation areas extend perpendicular to the measuring direction along an extension direction, and the graduation areas, along the extension direction, have differentiable contour shapes, which are dimensioned such that unwanted harmonic components can be eliminated from the resultant scanning signal by way of them.

Abstract: A portable gauge and method are used to determine an as installed property of a loose-fill insulation in a building cavity wherein the cavity has a given depth, an open front, a rear surface, and sidewalls defined by spaced apart framing members. The gauge includes a frame for extending between and overlapping front surfaces of the framing members to position the gauge for determining an as installed property of the insulation; a plunger assembly mounted on the frame for compressing a portion of the insulation in the cavity to a compressed density sufficiently dense to prevent plunger creep and to a compressed thickness less than the as installed thickness of the insulation; and a readout assembly calibrated to indicate an as installed property of the insulation based on the compressed thickness of the insulation.

Abstract: A dry-wet thermal management system for providing simultaneous spray cooling and dry cooling for a plurality of cards. The dry-wet thermal management system includes a chassis having a dry chamber and a spray chamber, a first opening within a rear portion of the chassis extending into the spray chamber, a second opening within the rear portion of the chassis extending into the dry chamber, and a main backplane secured and sealed to the rear portion of the chassis. Electronic cards may be electrically coupled within sockets of the main backplane within both the dry chamber and the spray chamber. The cards within the spray chamber are typically high heat flux components with increased cooling requirements and the cards within the dry chamber are typically low heat flux components with reduced cooling requirements. A spray cool system is within the spray chamber and a dry cool system is within the dry chamber.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for agricultural product production with heat and moisture control with optional heat and moisture recovery. Some embodiments transfer heat and moisture from a warm, moist exhaust air stream to incoming agricultural material, steam condition the material, pelletize the material into warm pellets, cool the warm pellets with make-up air to produce the warm, moist exhaust air used to transfer heat to the incoming material and to produce cooled pellets, wherein the cooled pellets are at a temperature lower than the warm moist air. In some embodiments, the system includes counter-flow devices to transfer heat and moisture. In some embodiments, a controller is used to adjust system devices and overall system flow. In some embodiments a water sprayer, to moisten agricultural product when the product is over dry, and an air flow controller, to slow air flow through the pellet dryer/cooler when ambient temperatures are dryer/cooler, are provided.

Abstract: An article of footwear is provided, particularly a soccer shoe, having one or more sensors mounted in the shoe upper which, when impacted by a ball, are effective to send a signal to a controller representative of the magnitude of the force with which the ball was struck by the shoe. A liquid crystal display, mounted within a housing which also carries the controller, provides a visual indication of the force of the ball strike which can be readily observed by the wearer of the shoe.

Abstract: The invention relates to covers for seats used in transport vehicles, especially motor vehicles. The covers of the seats are automatically finished as the manufactured seats are transported by a conveyor through at least one treating chamber of a tunnel finisher. All of the seats are treated in the treating chamber at least with steam which smoothes the covers thereof. The inventive finishing treatment results in an even smoothness of said covers, even in areas which are difficult to reach manually.

Abstract: An ironing board includes a heat-resistant ironing board cover which can be placed thereon and includes elastic padding. The inventive ironing board includes a peripheral edge which projects past the surface of the ironing board and holds the padding in place.

Abstract: A portable x-ray viewer is configured as a clipboard. The clipboard configuration makes the portable x-ray viewer easy to handle by doctors and other medical personnel. Since the viewer is portable, the number of required x-ray viewers in a doctor's office or a medical facility is greatly reduced, thus reducing the overall cost. In addition, the portable x-ray viewer is provided with an automatic control for controlling the viewer. In particular, in accordance with an important aspect of the invention, the viewer is automatically turned on when an x-ray is inserted and is automatically turned off when the x-ray is removed. As such, use of the x-ray viewer is facilitated for medical personnel and also eliminates the problem of premature burnout of the display or lamp when the x-ray viewer is left on for extended periods of time.

Abstract: A display device having a support structure and display panel is provided. The support structure generally includes a cross bar horizontally supported by first and second leg assemblies. A coupling is provided at each end of the cross bar to receive the corresponding leg assemblies. A plurality of locking mechanisms are provided for independently and releasably connecting the cross bar and the leg assemblies to the coupling without requiring the use of tools.

Abstract: A precision targeting system for a firearm has an image capturing scope, a processor, and an actuator. In one embodiment, a user indicates when he wants to lock onto the target, and then readjust his aim after receiving feedback from the system. In another embodiment, the system automatically locks onto the target. After lock on, the system compares successive images, and determines if the target has moved in the firearm sight. If movement has occurred, the system calculates the degree of the movement, and sends appropriate signals to an actuator which corrects the aim of the firearm. The system thereby converts reasonably good aim into precision aim.

Abstract: The invention is directed to an insect collection and viewing device comprising a negative air pressure generating assembly including a motor and a fan driven by the motor and a suitably shaped collection nozzle. A viewing chamber is coupled intermediate the collection nozzle and the negative air pressure assembly. The viewing chamber is tubular in shape and has an air permeable-insect impermeable screen at the downstream opening thereof and a movable valve/lens at the upstream opening thereof. When the valve/lens is open an air flow is established through the device. The air flow path is from the nozzle through the viewing chamber into and out of the assembly. In operation insects of interest are captured by sucking the insect into the device through the nozzle, then through the open valve/lens into the viewing chamber where it is captured between the screen and the closed valve. By making the valve in the shape of a transparent lens the trapped insect may be inspected through the magnifying lens.

Abstract: Tumor antigen inducing and/or activating HLA-A2-restricted tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes that is activated by recognizing HLA-A2 and a tumor antigen peptide, and a peptide or polypeptide derived from the tumor antigen, a polynucleotide encoding the peptide or a complementary strand polynucleotide thereof, a transformant comprising a recombinant vector which comprises the polynucleotide are provided.

Abstract: The barrier comprises a vertical strap, a pair of opposing centering elements for guiding extending outwardly from the vertical strap and a pair of brackets inserted into the pair of opposing centering elements for guiding. Each pair of brackets includes a flat, curved element situated in a plane perpendicular to the vertical strap and has at one extremity a cutout. A guiding plate situated in a plane parallel to the vertical strap is attached to another extremity of the flat, curved element. The guiding plate is inserted into opposing centering elements for guiding. A rail is inserted into the pair of brackets, through the cutout of each of the flat, curved element. Several U-brackets are secured to a roof structure and disposed behind the vertical strap embrace a rafter. The roof barrier includes features for attachment the vertical strap with the pair of brackets to U-brackets, through the rafters, to the roof structure.

Abstract: A protective baseboard for protecting a building wall in an industry requiring sanitary requirements. The protective baseboard is positionable substantially adjacent the ground surface. The protective baseboard includes a substantially rigid and substantially water proof casing. The casing defines a casing external wall, the casing external wall having a casing wall inner surface. The casing also defines a casing inner volume and a filling aperture extending therethrough. The casing is positionable in a predetermined relationship relative to the building wall. A filler is provided within the casing inner volume. The filler substantially contacts the casing inner surface for minimizing an amount of air between the filler and the casing external wall.

Abstract: An improved wall and partition construction method that features use of no exterior panel attachment means, and which provides a finished wall with a substantially seemless outer surface. The improved wall is comprised of ceiling and floor rails attached along a top and bottom wall line, and a plurality of vertical studs, slidably disposed between the floor and ceiling rails. Vertical slidable studs each have a hat-shaped cross section and include a plurality of openings that provide a pathway for cables and wiring along the interior of a finished wall. Wall panels such as compressed straw panels are attached to the vertical studs in a slightly offset alternating manner such that each strawboard panel can be rigidly connected to a stud by a plurality of lag screws with each penetrating the strawboard panel from the inside so that the finished wall has no exterior penetrations.

Abstract: An anchoring device configured for reinforcing and renovating an existing masonry wall. The anchoring device is preferable a plastic anchoring device configured to be inserted in a hole in the existing masonry wall, and then preferable expanded to securely anchor same.

Abstract: A beverage bottling plant for filling bottles having non-cylindrical inclined surfaces with a liquid beverage filling material. The abstract of the disclosure is submitted herewith as required by 37 C.F.R. §1.72(b). As stated in 37 C.F.R. §1.72(b): A brief abstract of the technical disclosure in the specification must commence on a separate sheet, preferably following the claims, under the heading “Abstract of the Disclosure.” The purpose of the abstract is to enable the Patent and Trademark Office and the public generally to determine quickly from a cursory inspection the nature and gist of the technical disclosure. The abstract shall not be used for interpreting the scope of the claims. Therefore, any statements made relating to the abstract are not intended to limit the claims in any manner and should not be interpreted as limiting the claims in any manner.

Abstract: A plant for the cold aseptic bottling of a liquid in bottles with a conveyor line on which bottles are moved by at least one bottle handling machine in a sterile space which is separated by a housing from at least one non-sterile space, whereby the housing is formed by at least one circulating part and one stationary part, and whereby at the transition between these parts, a siphon seal is provided which makes possible the relative motion of the parts, which siphon seal comprises at least one annular duct that concentrically surrounds an axis of the circulating part to hold a sealing or barrier fluid on a ring-shaped wall element on the other part of the housing that extends into the barrier fluid located there, with at least one inlet for the feeding of the barrier fluid into the at least one annular duct and with at least one outlet for the discharge of the barrier fluid out of the annular duct, wherein the at least one outlet is realized in the form of an overflow that sets the level of the barrier fluid,

Abstract: Beverage bottling plant for filling bottles with a liquid beverage filling material having an information adding station.

Abstract: A method for producing prefillable syringes includes the steps of producing syringe bodies with a cylindrical drum portion which has a first open end for receiving a syringe plunger and has a second open end for discharging of contents. An inner surface of each syringe body is then cleaned. Siliconization is then performed by applying a quantity of silicone oil or silicone emulsion to at least a partial area of the inner surface of each syringe body. Some of the applied quantity of silicone is then removed. Finally, the syringe bodies are packaged. The siliconization, removing and packaging steps are all carried out under controlled clean-room conditions.

Abstract: An apparatus that wraps dinner flatware in a paper napkin in an automated manner and secures it with a paper label is disclosed. The apparatus includes input hoppers for knives, forks, spoons, and napkins which are located on the front and top part of the unit. Additionally, a roll of paper napkins and a roll of securing paper labels are provided on top with their own automatic dispensing means. A plastic cover secures the entire top of the invention to protect it from dust and dirt as well as accidental contact during operation. A series of ultraviolet radiation sources reduces and/or eliminates microbes and viruses either on the surface of the flatware or airborne inside the apparatus. Internal mechanisms then take one of each piece of flatware and fold and roll it in a napkin. The completed napkin unit then drops out the bottom where it is collected for use.

Abstract: Bagging machines may include a packing density measurement system. The packing density measurement system includes an anchor assembly and a force measurement assembly. The anchor assembly includes at least one drag member adapted to be operatively coupled to the bagging machine and to extend rearwardly beneath at least a portion of a bag to resist forward movement of the bagging machine. The force measurement assembly is operatively coupled to the anchor assembly and is adapted to measure the anchoring force applied to the bagging machine. The anchor assembly may be adjustable, either manually or automatically, to allow control over the anchoring force.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing a cushioning package containing an article to be packaged, characterized by comprising an article storage space forming unit 3 that forms an article storage space 1c by overlapping a cushioning sheet 1 that includes small cells 11 that inflates with air filled therein, a sheet adhering unit that adheres the overlapped cushioning sheet 1 together and closes an article storage opening 1d, an article disposing unit that disposes an article C to be packaged in the article storage space 1c, and an air-filling unit that fills air in the small cells 11.

Abstract: A riding lawn mower having a front mower unit, comprises a plurality of wheels; a vehicle body supported by the wheels; an engine supported by the vehicle body for driving at least one of the wheels; a lift link supported by the vehicle body; a mower unit adapted to be disposed forwardly of the vehicle body, having at least one cutting blade, and supported to be pivotable about an axis of a first pivot pin relative to the lift link between a generally horizontal position wherein the at least one cutting blade faces the ground, and a generally vertical position wherein the at least one cutting blade is oriented forward; an assisting force exerting device for exerting an assisting force for moving the mower unit to the generally vertical position; a support link connected to an end of the assisting force exerting device, wherein the assisting force exerting device and the support link are disposed between the lift link and the mower unit; a fixing member having a first position for permitting the assisting forc

Abstract: A crop collecting assembly includes a first collecting unit located between a pair of further collecting units. All of the units operate to gather crop from the ground and feed it to the rear where it may fall to the ground or enter a harvesting machine, such as a self-propelled baler, for further processing. At least one of the further collecting units is adjustable laterally so as to be spaced from the first collecting unit, and a crop-transferring bridging element is provided in the space between the two units for receiving crop from the further collecting unit and delivering the received crop to the first collecting unit.

Abstract: A conveyor assembly is provided on a baler between a crop take-up arrangement and a baling chamber. The conveyor assembly includes a guide member assembly having an upwardly facing guide surface defining a lower limit of a crop conveying channel having an upper limit defined by an undershot rotor positioned above the guide surface. The conveyor assembly further includes a cutting arrangement mounted to a lower side of the guide member and having knives located for projecting through slots provided in the guide member. The cutting arrangement can be lowered together with the guide member, as well as shifted transverse to the forward operating direction relative to the guide member. In this way jams can be avoided or removed, and the cutting arrangement can be brought into a position accessible for purposes of maintenance, as well.

Abstract: An exchangeable adapter is provided for reducing the size of a trash removal opening of an opening roller housing in open-end spinning arrangements. The said adapter comprises two semi-spherical supporting surfaces at a distance to one another for positioning the adapter on corresponding rounded countersurfaces. The adapter comprises further a curved fiber guiding surface corresponding to the curve of an opening roller as well as a boundary wall for reducing the size of the trash removal opening arranged directly upstream of the fiber guiding surface. The adapter is made from profiled bars and cut to the required effective width. The fiber guiding surface can be provided with a recess which is connected with the external atmosphere and which permits the entry of air into the opening roller housing.

Abstract: An orbiting combustor nozzle (OCN) engine, having a rotating assembly comprising a co-rotating compressor and nozzle wheel enclosed within a non-rotating outer casing, defining a rotating combustion chamber, is disclosed. Combustion occurs in the combustion chamber in a vortex of gas that rotates at the same angular velocity as the rotating assembly. Also disclosed, is a method of cooling a blade of a rotating wheel, such as a turbine wheel or nozzle wheel, by projecting cool air at the base of the vane form a nozzle corotating with the blade. Such cooling is easily implemented in an OCN engine with use of an innovative annular combustor. Also disclosed is a method of countering axial backflow by use of a combustion chamber compressor.

Abstract: A gas turbine, a combined cycle plant and compressor by which both augmentation of the power output and augmentation of the thermal efficiency can be realized by injecting liquid droplets into inlet air introduced into an entrance of a compressor with simple equipment which is suitable for practical use. The gas turbine includes a compressor for taking in and compressing gas, a combustor in which fuel is combusted with the gas discharged from the compressor, and a turbine driven by the combusted gas of the combustor. The gas turbine further includes a liquid droplet injection device provided on the upstream side of the compressor for injecting liquid droplets into inlet air to be supplied into the entrance of the compressor to lower the temperature into the entrance of the compressor to lower the temperature of the inlet air to be introduced into the compressor so that the injected liquid droplets may be evaporated while flowing through the compressor.

Abstract: Disclosed is a propulsion system having a structural configuration that provides easy and convenient access to the interior regions of a liquid fuel tank and a hybrid rocket motor case. The system operates with a high oxidizer-to-fuel ratio and a high bulk density propellant combination that has a near uniform specific impulse over a large oxidizer-to-fuel ratio range. The system has an increased propellant mass fraction and reduced propellant residuals. This improves the performance of the hybrid propulsion system.

Abstract: An engine ECU executes a program including the steps of: if it is necessary to take an anti catalytic odor approach and the engine should be warmed up, resetting an engine warm up request flag to cut fuel for the approach; cutting the fuel and determining whether the approach has completed; and if so, setting the flag.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an exhaust system for an internal combustion engine, having an exhaust line for removing exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine and having a secondary fuel supply for introducing secondary fuel into the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine. To improve the introduction of the secondary fuel into the exhaust, a recirculation device is connected to the exhaust line and to the secondary fuel supply so that the introduction of secondary fuel into the exhaust is accomplished via or through the recirculation device. The recirculation device has a circulation space which receives an exhaust substream from the exhaust line in which the secondary fuel is introduced into the exhaust substream and from which the modified exhaust substream is returned to the exhaust line.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purifying apparatus for an internal combustion engine, including a filter provided in an exhaust system of the engine for trapping particulates in exhaust gases, and a pressure difference sensor for detecting a pressure difference between an upstream side pressure of the filter and a downstream side pressure of the filter. A non-frozen state of the pressure difference sensor is determined based on at least one of a first parameter relevant to an exhaust gas temperature of the engine and a second parameter relevant to an atmospheric temperature. An abnormality of the filter is determined based on a result of the non-frozen state determination.

Abstract: In a hydraulic system for motor vehicles in particular, including a master cylinder, a slave cylinder, and a pressure medium line connecting them, an inexpensive pressure boost is achieved by the fact that the hydraulic system includes a pump having an inlet and an outlet and a valve which are situated between the master cylinder and the slave cylinder in the pressure medium line. The valve has a first valve position in which the master cylinder and the slave cylinder are directly interconnected and a second valve position in which the master cylinder and the slave cylinder are interconnected via a pump.

Abstract: An intake system for a supercharged engine can include a blow-off passage provides communication between the upstream side of the throttle valve and the upstream side of a supercharger. A blow-off valve opens and closes the blow-off passage. The blow-off valve can be configured to open and close based upon pressure on the downstream side of the throttle valve. The present intake system can further comprise a first conduit providing communication between the upstream side of the throttle valve and the blow-off valve, a second conduit providing communication between the downstream side of the throttle valve and the blow-off valve, and a solenoid valve for switching between the first and second conduits.

Abstract: Method and arrangement for providing and controlling a gas turbine (1) at least one turbine (11, 20, 20?), at least one compressor (2, 5) driven by the turbine and a combustion chamber (16) arranged between the compressor and the turbine in the airflow path. The gas turbine includes devices (8) for direct measurement of the air mass flow at a position upstream of the combustion chamber in the airflow path, with the aim of regulating the quantity of fuel that is delivered to the combustion chamber (16) on the basis of the measured air mass flow.

Abstract: The refrigeration performance in a range from 3 to 10 K can be improved in comparison with conventional metal based magnetic regenerator materials. The refrigerator is provided with a regenerator utilizing at least one magnetic material including a rare earth element and sulfur as the regenerator material.

Abstract: The present invention is a cooling device, wherein cooling is effected by enclosing a working fluid in a conduit, which is formed by providing a looped tube formed by interconnecting both respective ends of a stack combining a hot heat exchanger with a cold heat exchanger and a stack combining a cooling heat exchanger with a cooling output heat exchanger and by providing at least one or more acoustic wave generators outside or/and inside the looped tube, and then generating a standing wave and traveling wave in the working fluid, with the present cooling device being primarily capable of markedly shortening the time until the start of generation of the standing wave and traveling wave and providing stable control.

Abstract: An air conditioner having a light wave unit for auxiliary heating and sterilizing is provided, which comprises a conventional air conditioner including a filter (8), an evaporator (5), a cross-flow fan (6) and a motor (9). The light wave unit includes a light wave tube (2), a temperature sensor (4) and a controller (7). The light wave tube is provided between the evaporator (5) and the cross-flow fan (6), the temperature sensor (4) is mounted on the evaporator (5), and an input port of the controller (7) is coupled to a signal output port of the temperature sensor (4) while an output port of the controller (7) is coupled to a power input port of the light wave tube (2). The advantage of the air conditioner is that the light wave tube is provided to fulfill an auxiliary heating and sterilizing operation.

Abstract: Refrigerator including a body forming an outer appearance of the refrigerator, a terminal detachably mounted on the body for controlling the refrigerator, a power supply device at one side of the body, for receiving power from an outside of the refrigerator, converting to a predetermined charge power, and supplying to the terminal, and an electric connection part connected between the power supply device and the terminal.

Abstract: A turbine for generating power has a rotor chamber, a rotor rotatable about a central axis within the rotor chamber, and at least one nozzle for supplying a fluid from a fluid supply to the rotor to thereby drive the rotor and generate power. The flow of the fluid from the nozzle exist is periodically interrupted by at least one flow interrupter means, thereby raising a pressure of the fluid inside the nozzle. A thermo-dynamic cycle is also disclosed including a compressor, a first turbine downstream of the compressor, a heat exchanger located downstream of the first turbine and operable to reject heat from the cycle to another thermodynamic cycle, an evaporator downstream of the heat exchanger and a second turbine downstream of the evaporator and upstream of the compressor.