Abstract: An acceleration-sensing loader activation system can include an acceleration sensor configured to generate an electrical signal corresponding to the magnitude and periodicity of movement of a marker or loader body or a marker or loader component. A signal filter circuit can be arranged in communication with the acceleration sensor to receive and filter the electrical signal. A signal amplifier circuit can be arranged in communication with the signal filter circuit to amplify a signal from the signal filter circuit and transmit the amplified signal to a signal processing circuit. The signal processing circuit can be programmed to evaluate the incoming signal and determine whether it corresponds to a desired actuation event (such as a firing event). If the signal processing circuit determines that a desired actuation event has occurred, it can then send a control signal to a control circuit to activate a feed device of the loader.

Abstract: A radiant tube heater has a tubular arrangement with an air duct portion forming a combustion air passage and a radiant tube portion which is heated by and surrounds a laminar flame. An inlet end of the air duct portion receives combustion air from a blower. A burner assembly mounted in the air duct portion includes a burner nozzle and a burner head for mixing gas and combustion air, this head having an inlet portion and an outlet portion wider than the inlet portion. A perforated restricting plate is mounted in the air duct portion and extends around the burner head. Air holes in this plate are sized and distributed so that the plate increases flow of combustion air through openings formed in the side of the inlet portion and allows combustion air to flow in the annular passage between the outlet portion and the air duct portion.

Abstract: A device for circulating heat along a side wall of: a cooking vessel, a cooking vessel comprises such device, and a method of using such device. The device can be constructed as part of the cooking vessel or can be an accessory that attaches to different sized cooking vessels via adjusting means. Specifically, the device comprises a skirt-like body extending from the side of the cooking vessel that directs heat to circulate along an underside of the body and over the side wall of the cooking vessel, thereby heating the side wall of the cooking vessel. The device can further comprise diffusers, a bottom portion with a plurality of openings, and a heat shield.

Abstract: A barbecue grill includes a charcoal tray having a plurality of upward extended supporting brackets, which are formed at different heights with at least two locating notches each; a wire mesh supported on the locating notches at different heights depending on actual needs; and a supporting leg assembly located below the trip tray. The supporting leg assembly includes a primary leg and at least two secondary legs, all of which are length-adjustable sectional legs consisting of a plurality of detachably connected sections each, and a binding element screwed to the primary leg at a predetermined point for loosely binding the primary leg and the secondary legs together. The primary and secondary legs are screwed at upper locking ends to holding-down devices provided at an underside of the charcoal tray, such that the legs bound by the binding element are inclined to outward stretch lower ends in different directions.

Abstract: A self-extinguishing cooking system includes a barbecue grill with a pair of open topped fuel trays which are moveable between an open position where the grill can be cooked on and a closed position where the fuel trays abut one another. The fuel trays are placed in the closed position after the barbecue has been used to extinguish the remaining fuel in the fuel trays. A pouch, which is configured to receive the barbecue when it is in its closed position, is made from a double layer of fabric with a layer of air impervious material between them to reduce the amount of air that reaches the fuel when the barbecue is placed in the pouch.

Abstract: A barbecue grill for cooking an object. The barbecue grill includes a first resistive element subassembly energizable for generating heat to cook the object, and a second resistive element subassembly energizable for generating heat to cook the object.

Abstract: A portable temperature changing apparatus for containers includes a cylindrical annular moisture-proof pouch divided into a first compartment filled with a liquid and a second separate compartment holding a solid material capable of producing an endothermic or exothermic reaction upon mixing with the liquid. The seal separating the two separate compartments can be ruptured partially, when desired, enabling communication of the liquid with the solid to activate the temperature altering reaction. A flexible foam insulating layer surrounds the exterior of the annular cylindrical pouch providing insulation, damage protection, and labeling.

Abstract: A snow melting system and a method is comprised of a snow melting housing defining a snow melting chamber therein. The housing has an opening to load snow in the snow melting chamber. A support is provided across the snow melting chamber to support snow therein elevated from a bottom wall of the snow melting chamber and to permit the passage of water therethrough to be collected in a water holding portion of the housing. A plurality of water spray nozzles are mounted in the housing about the snow melting chamber. A direct-contact water heater is provided for heating water to produce a supply of hot water to be fed at a constant pressure to the water spray nozzles for injection into the snow placed in the snow melting chamber for melting the snow. The direct-contact water heater is supplied water to be heated from the water holding portion of the housing. Excess water in the water holding portion is discharged and disposed of in the city drainage system.

Abstract: This invention deals with the general topic of adaptive non-imaging tracking of the sun. A transmission-mode electro-optical system is presented for solar energy tracking and collection. The scale of the system may range from small portable systems to large-scale industrial power plants used for the production of environmentally benign energy. It maybe integrated directly into buildings and other platforms without the need for heliostats to hold photovoltaic cells or other energy conversion devices above the building or other host platform. It makes solar energy harvesting systems practical by allowing the separation of tracking, collection, concentration, aggregation, distribution, and energy conversion. This novel system is unique and distinct from other sun tracking and energy conversion systems because it allows adaptive solid-state electronics to be used in place of conventional mechanical tracking heliostats.

Abstract: A solar collector panel which can also be utilized to display information and/or images and/or messages and having an external frame, with a transparent upper panel securely positioned within the frame. A lower panel is positioned within the frame and spaced in relation to the upper panel so as to provide a closed chamber between the upper panel and the lower panel, an upper surface of the lower panel having applied thereon heat conversion means for converting solar radiation to heat energy, the heat conversion means providing thereon information, an image or message which is visible above the upper surface of the upper panel. A back panel is positioned within the frame, so as to define a closed volume of air space between the lower panel and the back panel through which air may flow. Intake and exhaust pipes introduce air into the frame, and transfer heated air from the frame.

Abstract: A solar collecting apparatus for collecting solar energy in a heat transfer fluid includes an upper header member, a lower header member, and a plurality of collector tubes, each collector tube connected at an upper end thereof to the upper header member and connected at a lower end thereof to the lower header member. The collector tubes are arranged such that axes of the collector tubes form an array wherein no three adjacent axes are on the same plane, typically in a cylindrical or like array.

Abstract: Dosology of thyroid hormone using a suitable device

Abstract: A nasal drug delivery device includes a pump that supplies drug containing fluid to a spray port. The pump is actuated by the user pressing on an externally accessible actuator. The actuation force from the user can be transmitted to the pump in a controlled fashion such that the pump sees a more consistent actuation force. Additionally or alternatively, the forward direction of the device's housing and/or the direction of actuator motion can be oriented with respect to the device's direction of spray so that the device can be conveniently held by a user for optimum results.

Abstract: A dose selective breath actuated inhaler including a meterless canister storing a pressurized medicament, and a vacuum actuated release, where application of a vacuum to the inhaler initiates a release of the medicament in the canister. The inhaler includes a mechanism for dialing a proper dose of pressurized medicament, a computer for generating a plurality of signals including a solenoid trigger signal, and a solenoid which upon receipt of a solenoid trigger signal actuates a solenoid arm to end the release of the medicament from the canister.

Abstract: A nasal dilator is inserted into a user's nostrils to facilitate breathing and eliminate snoring. In overview, the nasal dilator includes a bridge and two dilation members. Structurally, the bridge is U-shaped and terminates at a first end and a second end. For purposes of the invention, a dilation member is attached to each end of the bridge. Further, each dilation member is tubular and is flexibly biased toward a substantially cylindrical configuration. During use, each dilation member engages a nasal wall and urges the nasal wall radially outward to facilitate breathing.

Abstract: Described herein are adjustable whole-nose nasal devices having a first passageway for communication with a first nasal passage and a second passageway for communication with a second nasal passage, an airflow resistor that inhibits expiration more than inspiration, and an adjustable connector. The adjustable connector may include one or more adjustable joints or regions that allow the whole-nose device to conform to the spacing between a subject's nostrils, and/or the orientation and angle of the subject's nostrils. Also described herein are whole-nose devices having a single airflow resistor communicating with both of a subject's nasal passages. Methods of treating a disorder using the whole-nose nasal devices are also described.

Abstract: A mask system for delivering breathable gas to a patient includes a common frame provided without built-in or integral headgear attachment points and at least first and second headgear connectors adapted to be provided to the frame. Each of the at least first and second headgear connectors are adapted to attach headgear straps of headgear. The at least first and second headgear connectors are different from one another in at least one aspect.

Abstract: Apparel suitable for providing protection against noxious agents, wherein the apparel comprises a laminate material that provides a substantially effective barrier against the noxious agents. It is preferred that the laminate material comprises two or more layers, at least one of which is a barrier layer that is a substantially effective barrier against the noxious agents and at least one of which is a protective layer that protects the at least one barrier layer.

Abstract: A hyperbaric oxygen therapy system includes a pressure vessel containing a gas, an oxygen concentration measurement apparatus for monitoring the concentration of oxygen in the gas, an environmental control apparatus for controlling the temperature of the gas in the vessel, and a pressure/ventilation control apparatus for controlling the pressure of the gas in the vessel. The pressure vessel is capable of accommodating a patient. The oxygen concentration measurement apparatus includes an oxygen concentration analyzer and a plurality of gas lines connecting the oxygen analyzer to the pressure vessel. The pressure/ventilation control apparatus includes a pressure controlling valve, a pressure sensor, a ventilation valve, and a controller having a programmable pressure profile. The environmental control apparatus includes a scrubber, a heat exchanger and a blower located within the pressure vessel. A compressor for the system includes a compressor silencer.

Abstract: A self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) comprising: a mouthpiece; a breathing component; and a safety quick disconnect comprising: a valve body; a valve spool comprising an L-shaped channel formed such that when the valve spool is appropriately rotated, the L-shaped channel (i) places an opening of the valve body in communication with a first port, or (ii) places the opening in communication with a second port; and a lock mechanism for (i) preventing the valve spool from rotating unless the breathing component is positioned in one of first and second mounts formed on the valve body adjacent the first and second ports, and a replacement breathing component is positioned in the other of the first and second mounts, and (ii) preventing the removal of a breathing component from a mount adjacent to a port which is in communication with the opening.

Abstract: A method for increasing output pressure of a blower unit in a Positive Airway Pressure (PAP) device, the blower unit having a blower rotatable about an axis of rotation. The method includes the steps of ingesting air into the blower unit, successively accelerating the ingested air in a direction substantially radial to the axis of rotation and a direction substantially parallel to the axis of rotation for generating a flow of compressed air; and exhausting the accelerated air from the blower unit. A PAP device with the improved blower generates increased air pressure compared to prior art devices or produces at least the same air pressure at a reduced size.

Abstract: An open system provides breath-synchronized, flow-targeted ventilation to augment respiration by a self-breathing patient. A sensor detects a physical property of a patient's respiratory cycle. A processor monitors the sensor and controls a gas source to deliver oxygen-containing gas through a tube extending into the patient's airway with the flow rate varying over each respiratory cycle in a predetermined non-constant waveform synchronized with the respiratory cycle to augment the patient's spontaneous respiration. Gas is delivered at a flow rate sufficient to significantly mitigate the airway pressure the patient must generate during spontaneous breathing and thereby reduce the patient's work of breathing.

Abstract: The present invention describes methods and systems to provide a liquid oxygen delivery system that efficiently delivers therapeutic oxygen in accordance with a patient's respiratory cycle. An exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a portable liquid oxygen delivery system having a liquid oxygen device, an oxygen conserving device, and an accumulator device. The portable liquid oxygen delivery system has a collective gaseous oxygen volume and the accumulator device is enabled to actuate and reduce the collective gaseous oxygen volume.

Abstract: An open system provides breath-synchronized, flow-targeted ventilation to augment respiration by a self-breathing patient. A sensor detects a physical property of a patient's respiratory cycle. A processor monitors the sensor and controls a gas source to deliver oxygen-containing gas through a tube extending into the patient's airway with the flow rate varying over each respiratory cycle in a predetermined non-constant waveform synchronized with the respiratory cycle to augment the patient's spontaneous respiration. Gas is delivered at a flow rate sufficient to significantly mitigate the airway pressure the patient must generate during spontaneous breathing and thereby reduce the patient's work of breathing.

Abstract: A gas reclaim regulating valve assembly is described as comprising two chambers by which a diver's exhaled gases can be captured and sent to a gas recovery unit above the water surface. The gas reclaim regulating valve connects to an inlet tube from which the diver's exhaled gas travels from a switchblock. The switchblock attaches to the diver's helmet by way of a switchblock mounting plate. On the opposite end of the switchblock from the mounting plate is a moveable handle by which the circuit to the gas reclaim regulating valve may be opened or closed using one hand. When the circuit is closed, the exhaled gases travel through the inlet tube to the gas reclaim regulating valve wherein it flows through two chambers and out to the gas recovery unit. When the circuit is open, the exhaled gases are expelled out of the system via a one-way valve.

Abstract: A one-way fluid valve may include a valve base having a central portion with a post and an outer portion having a seat, a diaphragm having a central portion with an opening for receiving the post of the valve base, the diaphragm having a diameter of at least about 1.375 inches, and a cover having a retainer for securing the diaphragm to the valve base at the central portion of the valve base.

Abstract: A respiratory mask assembly for use in the delivery of non-invasive positive airway pressure to a user. The assembly includes a rigid shell having a channel portion defined by an inner wall, an outer wall and a channel floor, a face-contacting cushion acting to space the shell away from the user's face and a sealing tab extending from the cushion to engage a portion of the shell to provide a continuous airtight seal between the cushion and the shell. A retaining ring within the mask assembly is configured to secure the cushion to the shell. The retaining ring has a first portion including at least one clip configured to pass through at least one slot portion such that an underside surface of the at least one clip engages a section of the shell when the retaining ring is positioned within the channel.

Abstract: The present invention provides a mask for sealing an area around a patient's mouth and nose for delivery of an aerosol. The mask includes a mask body having an opening for reception of the aerosol and a mask seal configured to engage a patient's face around the nose and mouth. An adapter is arranged to be removably attached to the mask body for removably coupling the mask body to an aerosol delivery device.

Abstract: A nose cap includes a hollow body having a first opening, a second opening communicating with the first opening via a first passage and an outer covering having a third opening communicating with the first opening of the hollow body and a fourth opening communicating with the third opening via a second passage. An air chamber is formed between the hollow body and the outer covering after extension of the hollow body into the second passage. The air chamber is able to provide comfort to a patient.

Abstract: An oral device is disclosed. The oral device comprises a mouthpiece member, a tube member and an attachment member. The mouthpiece member comprises a resilient material, and is adapted to fit within the contours of the teeth of a wearer. The tube member is affixed, at a first end, to the mouthpiece member, and extends outward from the mouthpiece member towards the soft palate of the mouth of the wearer. The attachment member is attached to the mouthpiece member at at least one location. Finally, the tube member defines an opening, which prevents the collapse of the soft palate of the wearer by allowing for the free transfer of air between the wearer and the environment.

Abstract: An occlusion device (10) for actively occluding the orifices (12) of the fallopian tubes (14) using the shape of the uterine cavity (16) as a guide to proper positioning of the occlusion device (10) includes a resilient body (18) including an elongated member (28) having a first end (30) and second end (32), and a first orifice plug (20) secured at first end (30) of the elongated member (28) and a second orifice plug (22) secured at second end (32) of the elongated member (28). The first and second orifice plugs (20, 22) are shaped and dimensioned to seat at the orifices (12) of the fallopian tubes (14) or within the fallopian tubes (14) as the elongated member (28) spreads outwardly with the first end (30) and second end (32) moving apart.

Abstract: A contraceptive device for transcervical reversible cornual sterilization includes an implant portion configured for implanting into the patient's uterine myometrium at a uterine cornu and circumscribing the fallopian tube's opening and a cap portion removably connected to the implant portion. The cap portion has an impermeable membrane substantially impermeable to the passage of reproductive cells, wherein when the implant portion is implanted into the uterine myometrium near the fallopian tube opening circumscribing the fallopian tube opening, the cap portion occludes the fallopian tube.

Abstract: A device for occluding the fallopian tube comprising a wire composed of a shape memory material and an outer material encapsulating at least a portion of the wire. The device has a first elongated configuration for delivery and a second configuration for placement. In the second configuration, the wire moves toward its shape memory position and has a U-shape defined by a curved portion and first and second leg portions extending from the curved portion, the first and second leg portions extending downwardly from the curved portion and laterally outwardly.

Abstract: A method and system for training a patient to improve swallowing, for retraining jaw muscles and for holding or keeping the jaw in a correct bite position. All of this in-turn causing an improvement in posture. The system includes a combination of exercise and oral apparatus pieces or mouth-guards to retrain and balance the facial muscles and to develop a correct swallow. The mouth-guards of the present invention can improve biomechanical imbalance, posture and in turn athletic performance. A particular embodiment of an oral apparatus of the present invention includes top and bottom troughs for receiving top and bottom teeth into the apparatus. The troughs can be adapted to hold the upper canine teeth lower than the central and lateral incisor teeth and hold the upper teeth outside the lower teeth from the incisors to the molars. The apparatus can be pre-fabricated or custom made for a particular patient.

Abstract: A head holder made of radiolucent material is attached near an end of a table to support a head of a patient during a CT scan. The head holder includes a base portion that supports the shoulders and upper back of the patient and a head rest that supports a patient's head. The head holder is moveable relative to the table in a direction that is generally parallel to a length of the table. A position of the head rest is adjustable in a vertical direction relative to the base portion. The radiolucent material of the head holder does not affect the quality of a resulting CT scan.

Abstract: Methods for the selective removal of specific constituents of tobacco extract include contacting an extract with a nitrosamine selective adsorption agent, a metal selective adsorption agent and/or a nitrate selective adsorption agent. Preferred characteristics of such agents are identified.

Abstract: Smoke constituent reduction is achieved by resolving from puff-to-puff analysis at which location along a tobacco rod production of a particular smoke constituent is maximized, and locally applying an attenuator at said resolved location to reduce production of the constituent. A remainder of the rod is left untreated so as to minimize impact on taste and burn characteristics of the cigarette. Reduction of the first puff formaldehyde formation is achieved by treating the cigarette tip with salts, using Burley tobacco in the tip, increasing the rod density, ventilation at the tip, and thermal treatment of the tip. Other classes of smoke constituents such as TSNAs (tobacco specific nitrosamines), PAHs (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons), etc., in particular the PAHs of naphthalene, phenanthrene, pyrene, flouranthene and benzo(a)pyrene may be reduced with placement of a carbon-based and/or metallic disc at the tip and with practices of the invention herein.

Abstract: A sealable disposable containment device for catching and disposing of nail clippings so that the clipping can be carried out with a conventional nail clipper in a safe and sanitary fashion includes an enclosure, a hand aperture formed in a first side of the enclosure, and a tool aperture formed in a second side of the enclosure opposite the first side. The hand aperture is adapted to receive a hand and includes an elastic wrist band adapted to securely fit around a wrist of a received hand. The tool aperture is adapted to receive a nail tool. The tool aperture may include a finished edge, such as a finished hemmed edge or a finished rimmed edge. The enclosure is made of a thin, flexible, plastic film. An attachment (e.g., hook and loop fastener or adhesive) is provided on the exterior of the enclosure to secure the device in a closed (i.e., folded, rolled or crumpled) position for disposal.

Abstract: A method to store a razor minimizes the likelihood that MRSA and other bacteria will propagate by suspending, in a stand, the razor spaced above the surface of a counter to maximize the drainage of water from the razor and to minimize the collection of water in areas intermediate the razor and other surfaces.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to soap-free shaving compositions, packaged in a monoblock aerosol device and producing a foam at the outlet of the device, comprising, in a cosmetically acceptable medium: a) at least one aqueous phase; b) at least one N-acylsarcosine wherein the acyl radical is C10-C20 and which is from 50% to 90% neutralized; c) at least one non-neutralized saturated linear C14-C18 fatty acid; d) at least one nonionic surfactant; and e) at least one propellant. The disclosure also relates to a shaving process comprising applying to the surface of skin to be shaved a composition as defined above, followed by shaving the hairs using a razor. The disclosure also relates to shaving kits comprising: a) at least one composition as defined above, b) at least one razor, for example a disposable razor, and/or c) a means for spreading a shaving composition.

Abstract: Hair styling products are described that comprise a foamable or sprayable, gel-type emulsion, along with a device for spraying or foaming the emulsion. The emulsion contains esters of polyalkoxylated polydimethylsiloxanes, in particular esters of polyethoxylated polydimethylsiloxanes and fatty acids that have at least 8 C-atoms; a gelling agent or thickener, preferably carrageenan; emulsifiers, preferably alkoxylated silicone surfactants and water. Preferred embodiments are aerosol foams and pump sprays. The products can be used for conditioning and for styling of human hair.

Abstract: A hair iron having an array of substantially parallel heating prongs, wherein the distance between at least two of the prongs can be decreased while maintaining the prongs in a position substantially parallel to one another. An insulating guard surrounds the perimeter of each heating prong. The hair iron may further comprise two non-heating end units on either side of and substantially parallel to the heating prongs. The distance between the heating prongs can be decreased by actuating a drive mechanism. The insulating guards protect a user from high temperatures of the heating prongs. Further claimed is a method of styling hair using a heating device having substantially parallel heating prongs and manipulating the device to reduce the distance between at least two prongs while maintain the prongs in a position substantially parallel to one another.

Abstract: A molded brush assembly has a core with an oval cross-section and a plurality of radially outwardly fingers extending from sides of the oval core along the major axis of the core, fingers aligned with or near to the minor axis. The alignment of the fingers with or near to the near to the minor axis allows an increase in the effective surface area of the brush without increasing its overall peripheral circumference. The oval core creates a brush assembly that is relatively stiffer along the major axis, leaving the brush flexible only along the minor axis. The use of fingers of varying length provides a generally circular profile which is convenient for use with conventional bottles. The fingers of different lengths permits the different length fingers to be adapted to different lashes.

Abstract: A headband and hair extension holding construction comprises a headband having a pair of vertically spaced apart outer and inner head straps and horizontally spaced apart external holding straps. A hair extension holding construction having a pair of vertically spaced apart upper and lower holding constructions containing a series of horizontally aligned holding device cooperating fasteners for mutual engagement with a plurality of hair extensions or hairpieces primary fasteners within the initially open interior of the hair extension holding construction. The headband opposite ends having a pair of horizontally spaced apart linking rings or loops. A clasp is enabled for strap and crossbar-action fastening through the linking rings or loops, or may be constructed as a simple link with opposing ends for grasping the loops. In this way, the headband may be drawn into a continuous closed loop for improved fit and concealment of the attached hair extension.

Abstract: Containers are disclosed for holding and dispensing cosmetic products. Exemplary containers have a bottom portion, a first and second sifter, and a removable cover having a protrusion. The first sifter may have at least one sifting hole for sifting materials with a powder-like consistency. The second sifter may be rotatably engaged with the first sifter and may also have at least one sifting hole. The second sifter may rotate with the rotation of the cover, such that when the cover is rotated into a closed position the second sifter is rotated in relation to the first sifter to offset the holes in the first sifter and the holes in the second sifter. When the cover is rotated into an open position the second sifter is rotated in relation to the first sifter to align the holes in the first sifter with the holes in the second sifter.

Abstract: A toothpick device for cleaning teeth includes a toothpick. The toothpick is comprised of two separable portions and has at least one pointed end. A length of dental floss is provided with each end of the dental floss being secured to one of the two portions of the toothpick by melted wax. The dental floss is wound for storage between said two portions whereby separating the two portions unwinds the dental floss for use.

Abstract: When capacity coupling between an output gate electrode (OG) and a last-stage transfer electrode is large at an output end of a CCD shift register, an electric potential of the OG is varied according to transfer clocks with the result that noise is liable to generate in an output signal. As measures for this, convex portions projecting horizontally are formed in those positions of the last-stage transfer electrode and the OG, which correspond to a channel region, and overlap between the electrodes is caused only on the convex portions. A clearance is formed between the OG and the transfer electrode except those locations, in which the convex portions are provided. In that location, in which the OG and the transfer electrode, respectively, are extended relatively lengthily toward wirings, the electrodes do not overlap each other. In this manner, capacity coupling between the electrodes is reduced.

Abstract: Bare aluminum baffles are adapted for resist stripping chambers and include an outer aluminum oxide layer, which can be a native aluminum oxide layer or a layer formed by chemically treating a new or used bare aluminum baffle to form a thin outer aluminum oxide layer.

Abstract: A method for treating a thermally loaded component having a metallic substrate and at least partially coated on an outer side with a protective coating, is provided. The method includes the step of predamaging the protective coating before removing the protective coating from the substrate using dry ice blasting. The predamaging is performed so as to lead to an increase of efficiency of the removal process.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to a formulation created by reacting sodium hydroxide, water, and silicon metal which has unique properties and many uses. The instant invention is further directed to methods of producing and using such formulations.