Abstract: A display device includes: a panel; a light source provided on a surface disposed with facing at an interval of a predetermined distance from the back of the panel of said panel; and at least one optical sheet placed in front of said light source; wherein said optical sheet is placed with predetermined inclination angle to the above back of the panel so that it becomes closer from the top end to the bottom end of the back of the panel of said panel.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a light source, at least one optical member having a periodic structure of 75 ?m or more, pixels disposed in a matrix state, and at least one optical member with light scattering properties.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a light-reflector to be used in a light-reflection type or half-transmission type liquid crystal display device, includes (a) forming at least one organic film pattern, the organic film pattern being in the form of one of an island and a mesh, (b) exposing the organic film pattern to a steam atmosphere to melt and deform the organic film pattern such that the organic film pattern has a wavy surface, and (c) covering the organic film pattern with a light-reflecting electrode.

Abstract: A lighting apparatus with a plurality of light emitting panels (for example, organic EL panels) arranged in a plane to form a light emitting panel layer (organic EL panel arrangement) and a plurality of such light emitting panel layers (light emitting panel layers) are laminated to form a light emitting panel lamination section. Organic EL panels of the single-sided light emitting type and organic EL panels of the double-sided light emitting type can be individually juxtaposed in a plane to form the organic EL panel arrangements which are laminated in a displaced relationship from each other.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) including a backlight module and a liquid crystal display panel is provided. The backlight module has at least one white light source. BL1 and BL2 respectively represent maximum brightness peaks of a normalized emission spectrum of the backlight module at a wavelength between 500 nm to 520 nm and between 445 nm to 465 nm, in which 0.91?BL1/BL2?0.99. The liquid crystal display panel is disposed above the backlight module, and has a plurality of substrates and one liquid crystal layer located between them. One of substrates has a red filter layer, a green filter layer, and a blue filter layer, and the coordinate values of the red filter layer, the green filter layer, and the blue filter layer in CIE 1931 chromaticity diagram satisfy predetermined relation expressions.

Abstract: A light emitting optical film at least including a substrate, an alignment layer and a polarized light emitting liquid crystal film is provided, in which the polarized light emitting liquid crystal film includes liquid crystal and light-emitting dye. The alignment layer is located on one side of the substrate, and the polarized light emitting liquid crystal film is located on the alignment layer. The light emitting optical film can be applied to polarizing film, phase retardation film or color filter. Moreover, it is unnecessary to use conventional backlight module because overall arrangement of liquid crystal can fully emit uniform polarized light, whereby greatly reducing cost of conventional backlight module.

Abstract: An optical material having a high birefringence and a small absolute value of a photoelastic coefficient is provided by use of a resin composition for an optical material comprising a resin (a) having a positive photoelastic coefficient and a negative inherent birefringence and a resin (b) having a negative photoelastic coefficient and a negative inherent birefringence.

Abstract: In a method of transforming light, an optical film for performing the method and a display device having the optical film, an optical film includes an anisotropic film, an isotropic film, a ?/4 phase difference film and a ?/2 phase difference film. The anisotropic film having a first refractive index with respect to a first ray and a second refractive index with respect to a second ray. A refractive index of the isotropic film is substantially identical to the first refractive index. The ?/4 phase difference film delays wavelengths of the first and second rays by about ?/4. The ?/2 phase difference film delays the wavelength of the second ray by about ?/2.

Abstract: A common electrode substrate for use in a liquid crystal display (LCD) device includes a substrate body, a common electrode disposed on the substrate body, and a peripheral first circuit disposed on the substrate body. The peripheral first circuit and the common electrode are electrically separate from each other, and the peripheral first circuit extends along at least a portion of a peripheral region of the substrate body.

Abstract: A reflectable metal film having a light transmission hole 5 is formed on an inner surface of a transparent substrate 2, and a light transmission region 7 and a light reflection region are arranged within each of pixel regions on the inner surface of the transparent substrate 2. A first color filter 9 and a second color filter 10 of a similar color that differs in tone are formed in each of the pixel regions. A boundary 11 between the first color filter 9 and the second color filter 10 in each of the pixel regions is positioned in the light reflection region 8 in the pixel region.

Abstract: An exemplary liquid crystal display has a liquid crystal panel (2). The liquid crystal panel includes a first substrate (21); a second substrate (22); and a liquid crystal layer (23) disposed between the first and second substrates. The liquid crystal panel further includes a black matrix (210) formed at one side of the first substrate face to the liquid crystal layer; a color filter layer (211) including a plurality of color filter units disposed regularly and separately at the black matrix, and a conductive layer (212) covering the black matrix and the color filter layer, electrically coupled to the black matrix. The black matrix is electrically conductive.

Abstract: Provided are an LCD device and a method for manufacturing the same. The LCD device includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a spacer interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, and a barrier. The barrier is disposed at least one of the first substrate and the second substrate to control the movement of the spacer. In the method, the first substrate is formed. The second substrate is formed. The barrier is formed on at least one of the first substrate and the second substrate. The spacer is disposed within the barrier. Since the LCD device controls the movement of the spacer, a high aperture ratio is realized.

Abstract: In each picture element region, a first electrode provided on one side of the first substrate that is closer to the liquid crystal layer includes a plurality of sub-electrodes, whereby the liquid crystal layer forms a liquid crystal domain taking a radially-inclined orientation above each sub-electrode by an inclined electric field produced around the sub-electrode. The second substrate includes a stepped portion including an upper tier located in the reflection region, a lower tier located in the transmission region and a side surface connecting the upper tier and the lower tier to each other, the side surface of the stepped portion being located in the reflection region and covered by the second electrode. The plurality of sub-electrodes are arranged in a line in a column direction D2, and picture elements that are adjacent to each other in a row direction D1 are driven with voltages of opposite polarities in each frame.

Abstract: A novel liquid crystal display device (LCD) is disclosed. The LCD comprises at least, a member of generating polarized light, a retardation member, a first polarizing element, a liquid-crystal cell and a second polarizing element, in this order, wherein the retardation member satisfies at least one condition of (i) its in-plane retardation, Re, is from 10 nm to 3000 nm at a wavelength falling within a range from 400 to 780 nm, and (ii) its thickness-direction retardation, Rth, is from 60 nm to 3000 nm at a wavelength falling within a range from 400 to 780 nm.

Abstract: In a new packaging method for light management films in displays, such as liquid crystal displays, a stack of two or more optical films is held together before insertion into the display frame. The stack includes at least two of the films that are adhered together using adhesive positioned outside the viewing area of the films. In some embodiments, the adhesive is provided at one or more tabs provided around the periphery of the film stack.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal display device, a method for creating desirable pretilt angle by means of topography of the substrates, such as a surface that is sloped with respect to the surface of the electrodes. In combination with a low pretilt but highly photo-stable alignment layer, which may be very resistant to high levels of ultraviolet radiation, a high pretilt and photo-stable alignment structure is generated, by essentially combining two incompatible technical approaches. The ever more stringent requirements for projection displays are met. The methods for producing such sloped surfaces and the considerations related to design of the sloped surfaces are disclosed.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display panel includes: a first substrate and a second substrate facing each other, a first field-generating electrode and a second field-generating electrode formed on at least one of the first substrate and the second substrates, a homeotropic alignment layer formed on the first field-generating electrode and the second field-generating electrode and a liquid crystal material formed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The liquid crystal display panel further includes a polymer fixing a pre-tilt angle of liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal material, wherein the polymer is formed by polymerizing at least one selected from monomers represented by Chemical Formulas (I), (II), (III), and (IV). wherein, each of R1 and R2 includes at least one of acrylate, a vinyl group, and an epoxy group, n is 0 to 2, each of X1 to X4 is hydrogen or fluorine, Y is at least one selected from —CH2—, —O—, —CO—, —C(CF3)2—, and a single bond.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device comprising: (i) a first substrate and a second substrate positioned apart to define a cell gap, (ii) a liquid crystal layer positioned in the cell gap, and (iii) a plurality of gate lines arranged in a first direction and a plurality of data lines arranged in a second direction substantially perpendicular to the first direction to define a plurality of pixels, each pixel having a first portion and a second portion, and comprising: (a) a first dielectric layer formed on the first substrate, (b) a first pixel electrode formed on the first dielectric layer, (c) a second dielectric layer formed to at least partially cover the first pixel electrode, (d) a second pixel electrode formed on the second dielectric layer such that the second pixel electrode is connectable to the first pixel electrode, and (e) a common electrode formed on the second dielectric layer.

Abstract: A display device includes: a display unit; scanning lines connected to rows of the pixels; data lines connected to columns of the pixels; a dummy scanning line being extended in parallel with the scanning lines; a scanning driver which outputs a selection signal to a selected scanning line and to the dummy scanning line in response to a selection clock signal; a data driver which outputs data for displaying one scanning line in response to a timing determination signal; and a timing determination signal line connected to a node preset on the dummy scanning line and transmits the selection signal transmitted to the node to the data driver as the timing determination signal. Even for a large size display, displaying defects can be prevented.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device which can enhance the accuracy in feeding back a common potential applied to common voltage supply lines. A display panel includes a common bus line electrically connected to common electrodes and formed annularly on a periphery of the display region, a common sensing line for feeding back a voltage of the common bus line to a control printed circuit board, a scanning-signal-drive-circuit-use power source line for supplying electricity for driving a scanning signal drive circuit, and a common-voltage-supply-use line for supplying a common voltage to the common bus line. The common-voltage-supply-use line, the common sensing line and the scanning-signal-drive-circuit-use power source line are formed along one side of the display panel to which at least the scanning signal drive circuit is connected.

Abstract: The present invention provides an image display device which includes the heat radiation structure with a high radiation effect without increasing the number of parts and requiring additional steps in the manufacture of the display device. A metal foil having a large area is formed on a COF film provided for mounting a driver chip on a display panel, and heat generated by the driver chip is led to the metal foil and is radiated.

Abstract: Disclosed are a liquid crystal display (LCD) and a method for manufacturing the same, in which connection stability is improved when connecting a COG, A COF, or an FPC to a driving circuit. A substrate of the LCD has a display region and a non-display region at a peripheral area thereof. Terminals are provided to electrically connect an external circuit and a circuit of the display region and the non-display region. A flat protective layer is formed on the terminals. A plurality of pads are respectively formed of a first contact region and a flat second contact region, and each of the pads contacts a corresponding terminal, which is formed through a pad contact hold formed on the protective layer, at the first contact region, and each of the pads is electrically connected through an anisotropic conductive resin to a terminal of the external circuit by a pressing process at the flat second contact region.

Abstract: In a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device in which a liquid crystal layer is formed by dropping liquid crystal by a dropping method, a surface of a sealant which is formed over a first substrate is cured by a first cure treatment before dropping the liquid crystal, and then the liquid crystal is dropped. A second substrate has a plurality of projections in a sealant adhesive region. The first substrate and the second substrate are attached to each other with the liquid crystal interposed therebetween so that the plurality of projections is in contact with an uncured region in the sealant formed over the first substrate.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal display device which has a pair of opposing substrates having a gap filled with a liquid crystal material, with a peripheral edge portion of the paired substrates being sealed by a sealing member, between the thickness (ts) of the sealing member and the thickness (tlc) of the liquid crystal layer, a relationship of ts/tlc?2, more preferably, ts/tlc?3, is satisfied. By making a difference smaller between a volume change in the liquid crystal material due to a temperature change and a volume change in a space in which the liquid crystal is sealed, defects caused by the volume difference are restrained from occurring. In order to achieve the relationship between ts and tlc, a flat layer is placed on one or both of the substrates.

Abstract: In order to prevent irreversible deformation of column-shaped spacers which retain the gap between a pair of substrates between which the liquid crystal layer of a liquid crystal display device is interposed, spacers which assist in preventing such irreversible deformation are newly provided. According to the invention, two or more kinds of spacers which differ in height from a reference surface are disposed on one of the pair of substrates. In addition, a step pattern with which the spacers are to come into contact is formed in advance on the other of the pair of substrates so that the heights of the spacers can be made different.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal material, method for producing the liquid crystal material, and liquid crystal device thereof which shows low light absorption in the ultraviolet light region. A compound of formula (I) wherein R is an alkyl or alkenyl group which is optionally interposed with one or more oxygen or sulphur atoms, Y is independently selected from oxygen or sulphur, n is an integer of from 2 to 8, X is a direct bond, C1-4alkylene or C2-4alkenylene, and A is selected from a various specified ring structures. The liquid crystal material (compounds) are of low birefringence and are U.V. stable and are useful in liquid crystal devices that need low birefringence such as reflective displays, or which are exposed to high levels of U.V. light such as phosphor display cells.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) comprises a first substrate comprising a pixel electrode comprising one or more first domain-forming features and further comprising a first vertical alignment film disposed on the pixel electrode; a second substrate facing the first substrate and comprising a common electrode which comprises one or more second domain-forming features and further comprises a second vertical alignment film disposed on the common electrode; and a liquid crystal compound interposed between the first and second substrates, wherein the liquid crystal compound comprises liquid crystal molecules, ultraviolet (UV) hardening monomers and UV hardening initiators, and the liquid crystal molecules are pre-tilted to form an angle greater than 88 degrees but less than 90 degrees with respect to the first substrate when no driving power is applied to the pixel and common electrodes. Fast response time is provided in some embodiments.

Abstract: A method for producing an active-matrix substrate including a board, pixels, thin-film transistors that switch the pixels, and source lines and gate lines electrically connected to the thin-film transistors includes forming a conduction portion that provides electrical connection between the source lines and the gate lines using an organic conductive material at the same time as forming either the source lines or the gate lines; and breaking the electrical connection provided by the conduction portion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pair of glasses, which includes a pair of frames, a pair of lenses, a nose bridge, and a pair of temples. Each frame has an upper convex rim and a lower convex rim at an external side. The upper convex rim has an upper aperture while the lower convex rim has a lower aperture. The lenses are fixed in the frames and the nose bridge is connected between the two frames. The frames, lenses, and nose bridge are integrally formed. Each temple has an upper bump and a lower bump at its front end. The upper bump has an upper pin for insertion into the upper aperture and the lower bump has a lower pin for insertion into the lower aperture. This design makes the assembly easy and does not require screws. With varied parts assembled in combination, the glasses can function in two different ways.

Abstract: Spectacles comprising spectacle mounts (a bridge piece (15) and two side pieces (29)) affixed to two lenses (2), the spectacle mounts being affixed by means of pins (25, 31) which are inserted into appropriately positioned holes or slots (28) drilled into the lenses (2). A single hole or slot (28) in the lens (2) is required to allow the attachment of each mount (15, 29) by location with the appropriate pin (25, 31). The holes or slots (28) are sized to match the dimensions of the pin to give the pins (25, 31) a “close” fit, and the adhesive is specifically chosen to act as a buffer between the pins (25, 31) and the lens (2), thereby substantially reducing or even eliminating the pressure around the assembly point which produces stress marks in rimless spectacles constructed using known methods.

Abstract: A hinge for eyeglasses, particularly for articulation of the temple to the end piece, which comprises a pivot connected to one of the parts that compose the hinge and is provided with a circumferential groove which has a substantially V-shaped profile and a beveled end for insertion in an open ring which is associated with another of the parts that compose the hinge and is deformable radially and elastically for mating with the pivot, engaging the groove thereof.

Abstract: A hinge for glasses includes a hinge part securely attached to a central part, a housing firmly connected to a glasses leg, and a spring-core device received in the housing. The spring-core device includes a core shaft with a securing means, a slide block and a coiled spring disposed around the core shaft, and a single-tooth core body rotatably connected to the hinge part. The single-tooth core body is firmly connected to the core shaft, and the slide block is positioned in the housing. The coiled spring is respectively resisted against the securing means and the slide block. When the glasses leg rotates outwards to a slight angle at a wearing position, the single-tooth core body is pulled outwards to thereby cause the slide block to position in the housing and cause the coiled spring to be compressed.

Abstract: 1,4-disubstituted-1,2,3-triazole UV absorbing monomers are disclosed. The UV absorbers are particularly suitable for use in intraocular lens materials.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for accurately imaging, assessing and measuring a patient's macular pigment. A multiband filter is employed in combination with a color digital fundus camera to provide a method that operates with a single imaging exposure. The multiband filter has bandpass regions within spectral ranges of the red, green and blue detectors of the CCD array employed within the fundus camera, the bandpass regions being sufficiently sharply defined so as to avoid regions where the CCD detector responses spectrally overlap. This provides three discrete channels of grayscale data corresponding to the bandpass regions of the multiband filter, which can be used to calculate macular pigment topographically. Methods are also disclosed for calculating the optical density of the macular pigment and advantageously displaying the resulting data.

Abstract: Optical devices, systems, and methods can produce and/or measure cylindrical (as well as spherical) lens shapes throughout a range of both powers and cylindrical axes. Fluid focus lenses employ electrical potentials to vary the shape of a fluid/fluid interface between two immiscible fluids having differing indices of refractions by controlling localized angles between the interface and a surrounding container wall. Spherical power, cylindrical power, and cylindrical access alignment may be varied with no moving parts (other than the fluids).

Abstract: Motion picture images are photographed at forty-eight frames per second, onto motion picture film in the thirty-five millimeter, two-perforation format. These film images are then converted to digital images and resized to accommodate an aspect ratio used for wide-screen motion picture exhibition. During exhibition, the images are projected digitally in the 1080×2048 or other commercially-used digital exhibition format. The server used for such exhibition is 3-D compatible, although the interleafing feature used for three-dimensional exhibition is not used in the present invention. Instead, forty-eight discrete images are projected during each second, matching the forty-eight discrete images per second originally photographed on motion picture film in the practice of this invention. Thus, the present invention combines advantages of film photography in an economical film format with advantages of digital exhibition to theatrical motion picture audiences.

Abstract: There is provided a display apparatus by which different information and images can be seen depending on a view angle and a viewer, a stereoscopic image can be seen realistically from surrounding directions, and a binocular stereoscopic vision is realized without using glasses and the like. The display apparatus according to the invention is characterized by including a rotary mechanism which rotates a polygonal pyramid body having a mirror on its surface and a disk having a slits fixed coaxially with the polygonal pyramid body, a display part which thereby displays images for projecting information or images differing from each other in accordance with an angle direction in which each side surface of the polygonal pyramid faces on each side surface of the polygonal pyramid body, and a light source part for projecting the images displayed on the display part onto the polygonal pyramid body.

Abstract: The invention relates to an autostereoscopic projection arrangement, comprising at least one projector (4) and at least one filter array (F1, F2), which has a multitude of filter elements arranged in columns and rows, in which arrangement bits of partial information from views of a scene or object are projected by the projector/the projectors (4) onto a projection screen (3), where these bits of partial information are rendered on image rendering elements and, having passed one or several of the filter arrays (F1, F2), are made visible to at least one observer (5), and in which, as regards the propagation direction of the bits of partial information, the image rendering elements correspond with correlated filter elements in such a way that an observer (5) will see predominantly bits of partial information from a first selection of views with one eye and predominantly bits of partial information from a second selection of views with the other eye, and thus will have a spatial impression.

Abstract: The invention relates to an autostereoscopic projection arrangement, comprising at least one projector (4) and at least one filter array (F1, F2), which has a multitude of filter elements arranged in columns and rows, in which arrangement bits of partial information from views of a scene or object are projected by the projector/the projectors (4) onto a projection screen (3), where these bits of partial information are rendered on image rendering elements and, having passed one or several of the filter arrays (F1, F2), are made visible to at least one observer (5), and in which, as regards the propagation direction of the bits of partial information, the image rendering elements correspond with correlated filter elements in such a way that an observer (5) will see predominantly bits of partial information from a first selection of views with one eye and predominantly bits of partial information from a second selection of views with the other eye, and thus will have a spatial impression.

Abstract: A color combining optical system includes a first polarization splitting surface for light in a first wavelength range, and a second polarization splitting surface for light in a second and third wavelength range. The first polarization splitting surface guides illumination light in the first wavelength range to a first liquid crystal display (LCD) element and guides image light reflected from the first LCD element to a direction different from the illumination light. The second polarization splitting surface separates illumination light in the second and third wavelength range from each other, guides them to a second and third LCD element, respectively, and combines image light reflected from the second LCD element with image light reflected from the LCD element to guide combined light to the first polarization splitting surface which combines the image light reflected from the first LCD element with the combined light.

Abstract: A reduced product height/thickness projector includes an illuminator, an electro-optic modulator, a projection system, a collector lens, and associated housing. The illuminator including a light source that emits an illumination light flux, a first lens array having a plurality of first lenslets that divide the illumination light flux from the light source into a plurality of sub-light fluxes, a second lens array having a plurality of second lenslets corresponding to the plurality of first lenslets, and a superimposing lens that superimposes the sub-light fluxes from the second lens array on an illuminated area. The central axis of the image formation area of the electro-optic modulator and the lens optical axis of the superimposing lens is shifted from the light source optical axis of the light source. The lens optical axis of the collector lens is shifted opposite from the central axis of the image formation area of the electro-optic modulator.

Abstract: A projection lens unit and a projection mirror unit are moved relative to an illumination optical system, between a first position where an image is projected in a shape that is longer along a direction of projection onto a projection plane and a second position where an image is projected in a shape that is longer along a direction perpendicular to the direction of projection onto the projection plane. When the projection lens unit and the projection mirror unit are located in the first position, a vertically long image is projected onto the projection plane (portrait display). In this state, when the projection lens unit and the projection mirror unit are moved to the second position, a horizontally long image is projected onto the projection plane (landscape display).

Abstract: An image projection system has a first lens with a defined entrance pupil. An image source has an image field and a defined exit pupil. The exit pupil of the image source is configured such that the exit pupil of the image source underfills the entrance pupil of the lens for portions of the image source that are not in the center portion of the image field.

Abstract: With a simple structure, the light focusing convergence point for the Maxwellian view and the position of the pupil can be easily and quickly matched to each other in a steady manner and thus it is possible to obtain a sharp image by the Maxwellian view. When the position of the point light source 11 is automatically adjusted by the light source driving apparatus 14 using the parallel light as shown in Portion (a) of FIG. 1 as the display image light incident on the convex lens 13 (or HOE) or using the spherical wave light instead of the parallel light as shown in Portion (b) of FIG. 1, the position of the light focusing convergence point A for the Maxwellian view with respect to the position of the pupil is easily and quickly adjusted in a steady manner. Further, as with an optical path length L of the entire optical system, as shown in Portion (b) of FIG.

Abstract: A display apparatus including a main body and a housing is provided. The main body includes a light source and a light modulator module. The light source is used for providing a beam. The light modulator module modulates the beam according to an electrical image signal. The housing includes a base, an upper cover, and a reflective mirror. The base has an opening for allowing the modulated beam to pass through. The upper cover is pivotally connected to the base. The reflective mirror is disposed on the upper cover. The modulated beam passing through the opening is suitable to be reflected by the reflective mirror. An electronic apparatus and a reflective mirror module are also provided.

Abstract: A coater/developer is disclosed that includes a heating module having a pair of rotary bodies configured to rotate about respective horizontal axles, the rotary bodies being spaced apart from each other in a direction along the conveyance path of a substrate so that the rotational axles thereof are parallel to each other; a conveyance path member engaged with and extended between the rotary bodies so as to move along an orbit, the conveyance path member forming a part of the conveyance path of the substrate placed on the conveyance path member; a first transfer part provided at the upstream end of the conveyance path; a second transfer part provided at the downstream end of the conveyance path; and a heating part provided between the upstream end and the downstream end of the conveyance path and configured to heat the substrate.

Abstract: Exposure apparatus exposes a substrate by irradiating the substrate with exposure light via a projection optical system and a liquid. The exposure apparatus is provided with a liquid immersion mechanism for supplying the liquid and recovering the liquid. The liquid immersion mechanism has an inclined surface, which is opposite to a surface of the substrate and is inclined with respect to the surface of the substrate, and a liquid recovering port of the liquid immersion mechanism is formed in the inclined surface. A flat portion is provided between the substrate and the projection optical system. A liquid immersion area can be maintained to be small.

Abstract: Where a framed pellicle is mounted on a photomask, the framed pellicle comprises a pellicle frame and a pellicle membrane coupled to the pellicle frame, the pellicle frame has first and second apertures each communicating a first space surrounded by the photomask and the framed pellicle with a second space outside of the framed pellicle, exposing a photoresist layer formed on a substrate by flowing gas from within the first space to outside the framed pellicle through the first aperture while simultaneously exposing the photoresist layer to ultraviolet light through the pellicle membrane and the photomask.

Abstract: A printing system includes an optical sensor that reads a plurality of order sheets at least selecting images to be printed and printing sheet types, a printing specifying unit that specifies the images and printing sheet types selected by the order sheets on the basis of an output from the optical sensor, a reader that reads image data of the images selected by the order sheets from a recording medium, and a printer that prints the read image data on types of printing paper which correspond to the printing sheet types selected by the order sheets, wherein after the optical sensor reads the order sheets, the printer performs batch printing based on the images and printing sheet types selected by all the order sheets.

Abstract: The invention proposes a Subpixel Scroll method, which optically shifts the position of the mirror elements to the projection axis by one subpixel size each, with an additional 45° mirror between DMD and projection optics. The 45° mirror is shifted by ¼ mirror element width by means of a controllable actuator. The size of this change of position and the time are synchronized in such a way by the position indicator signals of the scan sled that the mirror element seems to stand relative to the substrate surface element. This resetting is however not bound to the DMD-switching speed of 10 kHz. Among other advantages, the invention reduces the blur at the edge transition by the higher resolution and facilitates a higher scan velocity, whereby the scan velocity depends on the dynamics of the actuator, the effective UV-power of the UV-source and the sensitivity of the photosensitive polymer.