Abstract: In a variable valve drive device, a cam sprocket made to rotate by a driving force transmitted from a crankshaft. An eccentric plate is arranged at one end side of the cam sprocket in the rotation axis direction thereof, and is made to rotate around an axis in the same direction as the rotation axis of the cam sprocket. The axis of the eccentric plate is shiftable from the axile center of the rotation axis to an eccentric position. A variable camshaft is made to rotate around its rotation axis by the eccentric plate, and when the eccentric plate rotates the variable camshaft at the eccentric position, the rotational phase difference thereof with respect to the cam sprocket periodically fluctuates. An intake cam block is arranged at the other end side of the cam sprocket in the rotation axis direction thereof, and is made to rotate by the variable camshaft with the same phase as that of the variable camshaft to drive an intake valve.

Abstract: A lubricant circuit of a camshaft adjuster is provided. In conventional camshaft adjusters, lubricant is supplied from a cylinder head to the camshaft adjuster via a supply channel (66) and a receiving channel (69), with an annular groove that encircles in a circumferential direction being located between the supply channel and the receiving channel in order to ensure a continuous lubricant supply. According to the invention, the lubricant is transferred from the supply channel to the receiving channel in a discontinuous manner. The omission of the encircling annular groove causes a discontinuous or cyclic flow of lubricant so that lubricant is transferred only when the supply channel (66) is at least partially aligned with the receiving channel (69).

Abstract: A variable valve actuation system to actuate and control the seating velocity of an internal combustion engine valve is disclosed. The system may comprise a rocker arm that includes first, second and third contact surfaces. The first contact surface may contact the engine valve. A hydraulic lost motion system may contact the rocker arm at the second contact surface, and a mechanical valve train element may contact the rocker arm at the third contact surface. The lost motion system may include a slave piston with a valve seating device incorporated therein. The lost motion system and the mechanical valve train element may be provided side by side at the end of the rocker arm opposite that of the engine valve.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of operating an internal combustion engine simultaneously with ammonia and another fuel. The other fuel may be hydrogen, ethanol, propane, natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, or the like. In a preferred embodiment, the other fuel is hydrogen and the engine has zero carbon emissions. A control system is programmable to adjust the proportion of ammonia and the other, catalyst fuel as selected by the operator.

Abstract: An electrode for an ignition device is made from a dilute nickel alloy which has improved resistance to high temperature oxidation, sulfidation, corrosive wear, deformation and fracture and includes at least 90% by weight of nickel; zirconium; boron and at least one element from the group consisting of aluminum, magnesium, silicon, chromium, titanium and manganese. The weight ratio of Zr/B may range from about 0.5 to 150, and may include amounts of, by weight of the alloy, 0.05-0.5% zirconium and 0.001-0.01% boron. The oxidation resistance of the alloy may also be improved by the addition of hafnium to the alloy in an amount that is comparable to the amount of zirconium, which may include an amount of, by weight of the alloy, 0.005-0.2% hafnium. Electrodes of dilute nickel alloys which include aluminum and silicon, as well as those which include chromium, silicon, manganese and titanium, are particularly useful as spark plug electrodes.

Abstract: An intake manifold is disclosed. The intake manifold includes a first chamber in fluid communication with a PCV line and disposed generally upstream of a second chamber. The chambers are designed to provide a long flow path for the moisture laden PCV gas and to help reduce the introduction of moisture or fluids into the second chamber. This helps to prevent the ingestion of moisture or fluids by the combustion chambers of engine. An optional fluid blocker can also be used to trap fluids and help prevent those fluids from entering a cylinder port.

Abstract: An engine intake control system that includes a first intake passage that has an upstream end portion and a downstream end portion opening in a surge chamber, a second intake passage that has an upstream end portion opening in the surge chamber so as to oppose the downstream end portion of the first intake passage across a gap, and a sleeve-shaped valve body slidably fitted around the downstream end portion of the first intake passage and moving between a first position in which it is distanced from the upstream end portion of the second intake passage and a second position in which it is in contact with the upstream end portion, wherein a linear motion guide bearing system is provided between an intake manifold and the valve body, a rail of the linear motion guide bearing system extending in a direction of movement of the valve body is secured to a support post fixedly provided on the intake manifold, and a slider movably straddle-mounted on the rail is secured to the valve body.

Abstract: An air intake device has a surge tank and an intake manifold for distributing intake air between cylinders of an in-line cylinder engine. Manifold pipes of the intake manifold are aligned in a longitudinal direction of the surge tank and disposed substantially perpendicular to a first wall of the surge tank. A first end of each manifold pipe is connected to the first wall of the surge tank and a second end of each manifold pipe is to be connected to the corresponding cylinder. The first end of each manifold pipe has a protruded portion that is protruded in the surge tank through the first wall and has a funnel shape in which an opening increases toward its end. An opening area of the end of the protruded portion is varied between the manifold pipes in accordance with velocity of the intake air flowing toward the end of each protruded portion in the surge tank.

Abstract: A resonator is provided with a neck portion and a resonator main body. The resonator main body includes a main volume chamber communicated with an air intake duct of an internal combustion engine for a vehicle via the neck portion, and at least one sub-volume chamber directly connected to the main volume chamber. The resonator main body is configured to have both a Helmholtz-resonator functional part whose resonance frequency is determined based on a total volumetric capacity of the resonator main body, substantially corresponding to a summed value of a volume of the main volume chamber and a volume of the sub-volume chamber, and a side-branch-resonator functional part whose resonance frequency is determined based on a longitudinal length of the sub-volume chamber.

Abstract: A variable displacement pump includes: a pump section arranged to be driven by an internal combustion engine, and to discharge a lubricant introduced from an induction portion to a plurality of hydraulic chambers, through a discharge portion, by volume variations of the hydraulic chambers; a variable mechanism arranged to move a movable member by using the discharge pressure of the lubricant, and to vary volumes of the hydraulic chambers which are opened to the discharge portion; and an urging section arranged to urge the movable member in a direction to increase quantities of the volume variations of the hydraulic chambers, the urging section having a spring constant which increases as a movement distance of the movable member in a direction to decrease the quantities of the volume variations of the hydraulic chambers increases.

Abstract: [PROBLEMS] To provide a fuel consumption reduction system capable of stable enhancement of mileage and a method of fuel consumption reduction. [MEANS FOR SOLVING PROBLEMS] Water and an adulterant are put in an ionic active water tank to thereby obtain ionic active water, and steam from the ionic active water is fed to the vicinity of an inlet of an internal combustion engine. At that stage, heat from a radiator, muffler, etc. is applied to a steam generator for generation of the steam so as to, while accelerating the steam generation, regulate the rate of steam generated. Thus, steam can be fed in an appropriate rate to the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine is provided for providing an injection event including a first stage and a second stage via a single nozzle. The nozzle is connected by its inlet port to a source of variable fuel pressure and it includes a needle valve for performing the first stage of injection, and a poppet valve for performing the second stage of injection. The first and second stages of injection are selectable by controlling the fuel pressure in the inlet port which is common for both the needle valve and the poppet valve.

Abstract: A fuel injection control device for performing injection control of an injector has a program for performing fuel injection of a predetermined injection quantity (a small quantity) with an injector based on establishment of a first permission condition during fuel cut of the engine and for acquiring a fuel injection quantity indicating a fuel injection characteristic of the injector and a program for performing fuel injection of a predetermined injection quantity (a small quantity) with the injector based on establishment of a second permission condition during idling of the engine and for acquiring a fuel injection quantity indicating the fuel injection characteristic of the injector. Thus, the fuel injection control device and an engine control system including the fuel injection control device can suitably sense the fuel injection characteristic of the injector.

Abstract: A method for operating a powertrain in a vehicle is provided. The powertrain includes an electric drive and an internal combustion engine. The method comprises providing torque to drive the vehicle from both the electric drive and the engine, where engine torque is varied within an allowable range; and when operating the engine at an edge of the range, adjusting the range based on whether a selected operating condition can be provided by the engine.

Abstract: A method for ascertaining a quality characteristic of a Diesel fuel for a Diesel internal combustion engine, having a device for determining the cylinder pressure curve of at least one cylinder, a process variable of the combustion being ascertained from the cylinder pressure curve, which characterizes the fuel quality.

Abstract: A fuel delivery system for an internal combustion engine includes induction conduits of effectively equal flow resistance for guiding separate air and fuel streams to each of the cylinders of the engine. Each induction conduit includes at its entrance a sleeve venturi for inducing fuel into the air stream and a booster venturi. A fuel injector applies fuel at high pressure to the booster venturi. Flow modifiers may be positioned in the venturi throat and down stream of the venturi for modifying the flow of the stream of air after the fluid has been induced and injected into the stream of air for further subdividing the fuel vapor for increased effect of combustion of the fuel and air mixture.

Abstract: A method of control fueling of a cylinder in an internal combustion engine, the cylinder having at least two intake valves, the method comprising of operating in a first mode with one active intake valve and one inactive intake valve during a cycle of the cylinder operating in a second mode with two active intake valves during a cycle of the cylinder and adjusting a fuel injection from an injector configured to deliver fuel through at least the two intake valves, where the fuel injection adjustment is responsive to a transition in modes and based on whether the transition is from the first mode to the second mode, or from the second mode to the first mode.

Abstract: An electrical drive arrangement of a fuel injection system comprising a power supply operatively connected to an injector driver stage which, in turn, is operatively connected to at least one fuel injector. The electrical drive arrangement includes a voltage regulation device operatively connected between the power supply and the injector driver stage, wherein the voltage regulation device is arranged to regulate the voltage supply from the power supply to the injector driver stage.

Abstract: A feed unit has a surge chamber 1, a fuel pump 2, which is arranged in the surge chamber 1, and a pump holder 3, the fuel pump 2 being arranged in the pump holder 3 and the pump holder 3 being fastened in the surge chamber 1. The pump holder 3 has at least two rods 6 which are fastened in the surge chamber 1, the rods 6 being connected to a mount 5 for the fuel pump 2.

Abstract: A tubular separation system for separating a mixture of hydrocarbons and air at a fuel tank in an automotive vehicle, comprises; a fuel tank containing hydrocarbon fuel and a mixture of hydrocarbon fuel vapor and air; a fuel filler pipe connected to the fuel tank for conveying hydrocarbon fuel from a source of hydrocarbon fuel into the fuel tank; a separation module comprising a membrane for separating the hydrocarbon vapor from air; a first tubular member between the fuel tank and the separation module for conveying the mixture of air and hydrocarbon fuel vapor from the fuel tank to the separation module; a second tubular member between the separation module and the fuel tank for conveying hydrocarbon fuel vapor, separated from the mixture of air and hydrocarbon fuel vapor, from the separation module to the fuel tank; and a third tubular member between the separation module and the fuel filler pipe for conveying air, separated from the mixture of air and hydrocarbon fuel vapor, from the separation module to

Abstract: An evaporative emissions canister for use in an automotive evaporative emission system to control emission of fuel vapors to the atmosphere. The canister includes an integrally molded housing having a circumferential side member, a top member and a bottom member; a hydrocarbon-adsorbing material disposed therein so as to provide a vapor adsorbent chamber for adsorbing hydrocarbon fuel vapor flowing therethrough; and an internal membrane located above the vapor adsorbent chamber in the fresh air side of the adsorbent chamber for preventing the fuel vapor molecules from passing through the internal membrane while allowing the air molecules to pass therethrough. The internal membrane is characterized as a cellular fibular material having physical properties sufficient to effectively cause any fuel vapor component molecules and associated pollutants to be sufficiently filtered or separated on the membrane while allowing fresh air molecules to pass freely therethrough.

Abstract: An evaporative emissions system is used in an automotive evaporative emission system including a fuel tank coupled to an automotive engine to control emission of fuel vapors to the atmosphere. The system includes (1) an evaporative emissions canister comprising a unitary molded housing having a circumferential side member, a top member and a bottom member; a hydrocarbon-adsorbing material disposed therein so as to provide a vapor adsorbent chamber for adsorbing hydrocarbon fuel vapor flowing therethrough; and (2) a second housing containing a membrane, the second housing located adjacent the fresh air line of the evaporative emissions canister for preventing fuel vapor molecules and pollutants associated therewith, from passing through the membrane while allowing the air molecules to pass therethrough. A method is provided for preventing or substantially reducing hydrocarbon emissions to the atmosphere.

Abstract: An evaporative emissions system is used in an automotive evaporative emission system including a fuel tank coupled to an automotive engine to control emission of fuel vapors to the atmosphere. The system includes an evaporative emissions canister comprising a first molded housing having a circumferential side member, a top member and a bottom member; a hydrocarbon-adsorbing material disposed therein so as to provide a vapor adsorbent chamber for adsorbing hydrocarbon fuel vapor flowing therethrough; and an auxiliary housing containing a carbon-coated reticulated material, the reticulated housing located in the fresh air line of the evaporative emissions canister for preventing fuel vapor molecules from passing through the carbon-coated reticulated material while allowing the air molecules to pass therethrough. A method is provided for preventing or reducing hydrocarbon emissions to the atmosphere.

Abstract: An aircraft fuel tank assembly includes a tank for holding fuel, a canister and a fuel pump assembly. The fuel pump assembly includes: an electric motor, a pump and an electronics unit. The electronics unit and canister are arranged so that, in use, a dry bay is defined between the electronics unit and the canister.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an internal-combustion engine, notably an indirect-injection supercharged engine, that can run with a burnt gas scavenging stage, comprising at least a cylinder (10) including a combustion chamber (12), air intake means (16) with an air intake valve (24), carbureted air intake means (14) with a carbureted air intake valve (22), burnt gas exhaust means (28) with an exhaust valve (32) and means (36) for controlling exhaust means (28). According to the invention, the engine comprises control means (44) for air intake means (16) and additional control means for carbureted air intake means (14).

Abstract: An engine includes a cylinder having a spindle and a pulley attached to the spindle, a supercharger includes a receptacle having an air intake port, a gear rotatably supported in the receptacle with a shaft, another pulley attached to the shaft, and a coupling member engaged with the pulleys for allowing the gear to be rotated and driven by the spindle, and a turbine is rotatably supported in the receptacle with an axle and aligned with the air intake port of the receptacle, and coupled to the gear for allowing the turbine to be driven by the gear and to draw an air from ambient into the air intake port and into the cylinder and for supercharging the intake air to increase the fuel consumption effect.

Abstract: The invention concerns an exhaust gas recycling device comprising a cooled path (5) and a non-cooled path (6) connected through a selective connection means (7) to a conduit (14) provided with a valve (7) including a chamber (9) connected to the conduit and accommodating a mobile flow regulating element and perforated with a passage orifice (16) for defining a variable cross-section for allowing through exhaust gases. The cooled and non-cooled paths have each one end opening on to a wall (10) of the chamber and the regulating element is mounted opposite said wall to be mobile between a first extreme position wherein the passage orifice is opposite the cooled path and a second extreme position wherein the passage orifice is opposite the non-cooled path, the regulating element having an intermediate position wherein the regulating element closes the cooled and non-cooled paths.

Abstract: The control signal on the EGR valve is based on an indication of whether the engine will soon encounter a condition with insufficient vacuum in the engine intake to operate the EGR valve. When such condition is about to be encountered, the desire is to supply a vacuum on the EGR valve and to hold such vacuum so that the EGR valve remains open. An EGR system is disclosed which has an electronic valve regulator (EVR) coupled to the EGR valve and an engine intake. A disk within the body of the EVR rises when voltage is applied to the coil in the EVR causing intake vacuum to be communicated to the EGR valve. A stop within the EVR allows the disk to seal when voltage is applied, thereby allowing the engine intake vacuum to be maintained. The stop is in the shape of a ring within the EVR.

Abstract: A disposable gas system that includes: a reservoir including an opening and an orifice; a disposable gas container connected to the reservoir through the opening; and the orifice connected to an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A secondary air supplying system of an internal combustion engine includes secondary air valve chambers to control the supply of secondary air. The secondary air valve chambers are formed in a cylinder-head cover that covers a cylinder head from above. In such a secondary air supplying system, a cam shaft and a rocker-arm shaft are offset fi-om a cylinder axis L and are disposed at respective sides of the cylinder axis L from each other In addition, the secondary air valve chambers are formed at the rocker-arm-shaft side of the cylinder axis L. With this configuration, it is possible for the secondary air valve chambers formed in the cylinder-head cover to be disposed as close as possible to a cylinder head, and the internal combustion engine can be made more compact in size.

Abstract: A mixing and/or evaporating device (7) is provided for an exhaust system (3) of an internal combustion engine (1), especially in a motor vehicle. The mixing and/or evaporating device (7) has a tubular body (8), at one axial end of which a plurality of blades (9) are arranged, which blades are located adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction, project radially inwardly and have angles of incidence in relation to one another in the axial direction. For manufacture at a low cost, the tubular body (8) is manufactured together with the blades (9) from a single sheet metal body (11) by shaping.

Abstract: A fuel injection system for a two-stroke internal combustion engine (1), elastically housed internally of a chamber, comprises a carburettor (30) to which are associated an induction port (9) for an air/fuel mixture and a fuel supply conduit (10) intercepted by means for metering housed in a recess (16) communicating with a second aperture (15) located above the induction port (9), which is in turn connected by an accumulation conduit (12) to a first aperture (14) located below the induction port (9), the apertures (14, 15) being alternatively opened by the piston skirt (3); the accumulation conduit is entirely afforded in the cylinder body.

Abstract: Packaging apparatus for retaining a projectile launched from a launcher are disclosed. The packaging defining a chamber to receive the projectile and permit the visualization of the flight of the projectile after it is launched from the launcher. The launcher configured to impart a motive force to the projectile and to launch the projectile from the launcher. The launcher includes an actuator to permit a user to launch the projectile from the launcher and into the chamber while at least a portion of the launcher is secured within the packaging.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus, including a shaft; a scoop, coupled to a distal end of the shaft, for collecting and holding a bolus of a compressible medium, the compressible medium retaining a post-compressed shape when operated from a proximal end of the shaft; and a former, coupled to the scoop and mating with the scoop, for molding and compressing the bolus into a generally spherical ball retained within the scoop. A method for forming a throwable ball, includes scooping a bolus of a compressible medium with a scoop coupled to a distal end of a shaft, the compressible medium retaining a post-compressed shape; and molding compressively the bolus into the scoop using a former coupled to the distal end, wherein the molding step creates the ball retained in the scoop when a user operates a proximal end of the shaft.

Abstract: A device for heating cooking utensils includes a stove, a food heating cover coupled with the stove, and a cover position mechanism for selectively covering and uncovering the stove by the food heating cover. The food heating cover is enabled to heat the cooking utensils when covering the stove, and the food heating cover is disabled to heat when uncovering the stove. The stove is enabled to heat the cooking utensils when uncovered by the food heating cover, and the stove is disabled to heat when covered by the food heating cover.

Abstract: A low profile exhaust hood has a high inlet and a high aspect ratio of horizontal to vertical. A sloping wall of the recess guides hot plumes upwardly to the inlet. The inlet is sized to provide an exhaust face velocity that is at least as high as a highest possible plume velocity for a 400 F oven. The inlet is located high and forwardly to cause a suction zone to be generated near the forward edge of the hood to aid in capturing plumes tending to escape which are remote from the sloping wall.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cooking device (1) comprising a burner group (3), provided to be easily emplaced into the housing (15) without any problems after being detached and taken apart for maintenance, providing complete burning thereby preventing the formation of poisonous gases.

Abstract: A window unit comprising at least one transparent pane, a frame 130 around the perimeter of the at least one transparent pane, at least one rotatable linear concave mirror 110 extending at least partially across the frame, and at least one energy conversion device 120 extending at least partially across the frame wherein the unit is arranged such that substantially parallel radiation incident on the mirror is reflected onto the energy conversion device.

Abstract: A solar tracking system with a torque tube supporting solar panels. Columns support the system and have bearings for rotation of the torque tube. A drive is coupled to the torque tube and is driven by a gearbox, such as a worm gear assembly, for rotating the array of solar panels to follow the sun's diurnal motion. The array can rotate in an opposite direction, or backtrack, to prevent shadowing from one module row to another. Multiple gearboxes can be mechanically linked by drive shafts and driven by a single motor. The drive shafts may incorporate universal joints for uneven terrain or staggered configurations. Harmonic dampers can be affixed to the solar panels to decouple wind forces which allows the use of larger solar panels.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a solar collector having an integrated heat storage. Such a solar collector comprises a housing which comprises a bottom plate and a transparent cap, wherein between an involute mirror and the transparent cap a storage tank for the storage of water is provided. The solar collector according to the invention is characterized in that a shielding is provided between the transparent cap and the storage tank, which leaves the part of the storage tank that is situated lower uncovered. By using the solar collector according to the invention a higher thermal yield can be achieved while using less materials.

Abstract: The device part of the embodiment over the tiles (14) with wide openings(15) which mainly involves, openings (15) in which are houses both irregular bodies (1-13), of transparent glass, hermetically closed and vacuum filled, which establish surface continuity through the upper face with the rest of the tile (14) and in whose interior are established parabolic cylinder reflectors (2-3) which conduct solar radiation to a concentration funnel (5) which defines a semi-cylindrical channel and adapting to the heat transfer tube (6), which rests over a support cradle (7) which in turn is pressed against aforementioned tube (6) by a bellows lifting device (16), also keeping the support cradle (7) and irregular bodies (1) fixed using anchor elements (8). Thus simple mounting of the collection devices is achieved by a simple pressure coupling system, achieving close contact with the heat transfer tubes which remain hidden and protected below the tiles.

Abstract: A trough reflector for solar energy collection is constructed from transverse ribs which support a reflective surface. Side edge support rails mounted on ends of the ribs support linear edges of the reflective surface. The edge support rails have a channel-like construction with an inner flange member which is in contact with a top of the reflective surface, and a lip member extending from an outer flange member. The edge region of the reflective surface rests on the lip member with the edge of the reflective surface in contact with the outer flange member. A turning moment is applied to the edge regions of the reflective surface to ensure that the entire reflective surface is parabolic. An arcuate profile of ribs of the trough reflector is converted into a parabolic profile by the application of a force to the ends of the ribs.

Abstract: The invention is directed to devices and methods for electrohydrodynamic (EHD) aerosolization of liquids utilizing a dissociated discharge electrode and an electric field shield disposed between the nozzle and the discharge electrode. Preferred embodiments are designed as inhalers suitable for administration of therapeutic compounds to the respiratory tract of a patient, preferably the lungs.

Abstract: An aerosol generating device includes a membrane for atomizing a liquid; an actuating device, which is coupled to the membrane so that this membrane is set in oscillatory motion when activated by electric signals; and a flexible substrate, which has electric lines for supplying electric signals to the actuating device and is designed for fastening the aerosol generating device to a fastening area of an inhalation therapy unit, and on which the membrane and the actuating device are held.

Abstract: Blocked fluid passages in the head are cleared by applying vibratory forces through the jawbone using a handheld appliance supporting a battery powered vibratory mechanism at one end of a handle and a mouthpiece at the other end.

Abstract: An endotracheal intubation device, optionally having a curvable portion and internal optics or a viewing device is provided. The curvable portion of a tubular element, over which is placed an endotracheal tube, curves in a controlled manner to a curved conformation from a straight or less curved configuration so as to facilitate the insertion of the endotracheal tube into a patient. A length of a proximal end of the tubular element projects over a grip portion of the device, which makes the device easier to use than other devices used for airway intubation.

Abstract: A snorkel adapter apparatus is disclosed. The snorkel adapter apparatus includes a snorkel tube, a float, a mouthpiece, and a single pivot point. These pieces combined together create a snorkel breathing apparatus that allows the user to submerge the snorkel in water and prevent water from entering the snorkel tube and mouthpiece. When the snorkel is submerged in water, the float rotates around a coupler attached to the pivot attachment point and closes the open end of the snorkel tube. The buoyancy of the float in the water causes it to rotate and seal the snorkel tube closed.

Abstract: A patient treatment system and method comprising a patient circuit, a pressurizing flow module disposed in the patient circuit, a humidifier disposed in the patient circuit, a monitor, sensors within the patient circuit, and a processor. The patient circuit delivers a flow of gas from a gas source to an airway of a patient. The pressurizing flow module elevates the pressure of the gas within the patient circuit. The humidifier elevates the humidity of the gas in the patient circuit to a circuit humidity level. The monitor monitors at least one parameter of the gas from the gas source. The sensors generate corresponding signals that can be processed to estimate a rate at which vapor is added to the gas in the patient circuit. The processor determines the humidity level of the gas in the patient circuit downstream from the humidifier based on the signals generated by the sensors and the at least one parameter of the gas in the gas source.

Abstract: An automated drug delivery and monitoring system for use on mechanically ventilated patients in the intensive care unit is presented. Medication in the form of respirable particles is transported through ventilator circuitry by a delivery unit. Multiple medications may be delivered into the gas flow of the ventilator, with each medication delivered in a defined dose for a frequency and interval as specified by an operator. The particles mixed into the gas flow of the ventilator are inhaled and ingested by the patent's lungs.

Abstract: A manifold for use in a medicament dispenser device for the delivery of medicament powder from an open blister pocket of a blister pack comprises a body, the body defining a chimney having a chimney inlet and a chimney exit for directing airflow from said chimney inlet to the chimney exit; the body further defining a chamber having a chamber inlet and a chamber exit, wherein the chimney exit and the chamber inlet lie side-by-side each other such that when the open blister pocket of the blister pack is positioned adjacent thereto the airflow is directed from the chimney exit to the chamber inlet via the open blister pocket to entrain the medicament powder and enable transport thereof in the airflow from the chamber inlet to the chamber exit, and wherein one or more bleed holes are provided between the chimney and the chamber such that bleed airflow is able to be directed into the chamber to disruptively impact the airflow that transports the entrained medicament powder.