Abstract: A picture storage protection apparatus with a protective sheet sized to cover at least the exposed portion of the stored pictures in a picture storage compartment or a picture display pocket to protect the pictures against exposure damage. The sheet is capable of being inserted into at least one picture storage compartment and/or a picture display pocket. A picture storage protection apparatus with a protective flap adapted to extend over stored pictures in a picture storage compartment and/or a picture display pocket to protect the stored or displayed pictures against exposure damage. The picture storage compartment is attached to a picture frame or a picture display pocket.

Abstract: Disclosed is a chamber closing piece (1) for firearms. Said chamber closing piece (1) can be rotatably and reversibly moved forward in the direction of the barrel muzzle (3) and rearward in the direction of the rear stock (4) and comprises one or several mechanisms (8) for indirectly or directly firing a bullet (9) that faces the muzzle in relation to the chamber closing piece (1). Said mechanism (8) for firing the ammunition is based on an electrical and/or thermal and/or optical and/or laser-based active principle.

Abstract: A method for upgrading a non-recoil suppressing (NRS) stock to a special operations (Spec Ops) stock with full recoil suppression. The new parts are the slide member and lever that has a cam member mounted on its upper end and an extension spring attached to its bottom end. A locking pin is removed from the stationary slide member and two retainer pins are inserted from the sides into the new slide member to facilitate spring action. This structure functions in the same manner as the recoil reduction structure illustrated in U.S. Pat. No. 5,722,195. A replacement sleeve has a rib member extending downwardly from its bottom surface. Replacement sleeve and extension spring are assembled in a tubular member to form a second recoil reduction assembly. This recoil reduction structure functions in the same manner as the structure illustrated in U.S. Pat. No. 6,732,466.

Abstract: A stock interface can be slipped onto and attached to a standard CAR buffer tube. The stock interface provides structures for attaching a butt stock and stock interface attachments such as an ergonomic attachment, a container attachment, and a power attachment. Small arms ergonomics can be improved by providing a better cheek weld via an ergonomic attachment. Container attachments provide storage. Power attachments provide electrical power for items such as electronic sighting systems, lasers, lights, or any of the other electronic devices attached to a small arm.

Abstract: A variable-depth fishing lure includes an elongated lure body and a depth-control lip body at a front end. The lip body has opposed sides and an arcuate forward portion meeting the sides at outwardly extending shoulders. The forward portion has a beveled edge therearound. A lip extension is removably affixable to the lip body and has an arcuate inner edge dimensioned for sliding onto the lip body's forward portion. The inner edge has a slot therein configured to be slidable over the lip body's beveled forward edge. The lip extension has an arcuate front edge and opposed back ends positioned in bridging relation between the front and the inner edges. The back ends are dimensioned to substantially coincide with the lip body shoulders. The front edge meets the lip body's forward portion edge to form a substantially continuous side edge.

Abstract: A bottom snagging sinker kit includes a retaining ring, a series of anchor wires and a nose. Rather than manufacture a wide range of specially designed sinkers having weights of different size, a bottom snagging sinker is assembled from the kit by using a standard sinker weight of the type having a passage therethrough. A fisherman or other person may assemble the sinker by connecting the retaining ring to the sinker weight with a connector, such as a cotter pin. The anchor wires are assembled to the nose or between the nose and the retaining ring. The nose is then attached to the retaining ring. When the sinker is cast into water, the sinker descends to the bottom where the anchor wires are aimed generally at the fisherman to minimize movement of the sinker. When the fisherman pulls on the fishing line, the anchor wires deflect to a position allowing easy retrieval of the sinker.

Abstract: A handheld device is provided for aiding in attaching a fishing line to a fishing hook having an eye. The device includes a holder having a first end and a second end. At least one of the first end and the second end includes an opening through which the hook can be securely coupled. An end of the fishing line is inserted through the eye of the fishing hook to tie a fishing knot. The device can also include a fishing lure extending from at least one of the first end and the second end. The opening can be one of a slit, a groove, a slot, a hole, and a notch.

Abstract: A method and system for a fishing lure are provided. The lure includes a body having an interior cavity and an aperture extending through a wall of the body. The fishing lure also includes a hook assembly including at least one hook concealed with the cavity when the hook assembly is in a first retracted position. The hook assembly is maintained in the first retracted position using an elastomeric band coupled to the hook assembly. The hook assembly is rotatable from the first retracted position to a second extended position. The lure also includes an elastomeric attractant coupled to the body.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a device for monitoring, detecting and/or controlling subterranean termites comprising an outer housing adapted to be implanted in the ground having a plurality of openings through a side wall of the outer housing for passage of termites through the openings into an interior of the outer housing; and a bait cartridge comprising a major amount of a termite edible material and a minor amount of a termite resistant material, wherein the termite edible material comprises at least two different forms of a cellulose containing material; and, optionally, a termite-edible sleeve engaged with the side wall of the outer housing and covering at least a portion of said side wall, which sleeve comprises a cellulose containing material having substantially the same form as at least one of the cellulose containing materials from which the bait cartridge is formed.

Abstract: One or more stable, clear, water-in-fuel microemulsion-forming surfactants may be used in a liquid fuel or oil which is immiscible with water to: a) scavenge free-water which exists in or is introduced into the liquid fuel or oil thereby to render or retain the liquid fuel or oil in a usable state; and/or b) inhibit the growth of aquatic micro-organisms in the liquid fuel or oil when the fuel or oil becomes contaminated with free-water thereby to retain the liquid fuel or oil in a usable state.

Abstract: A process is described for producing hydrocarbon fractions which can be used as diesel fuel or as components of diesel fuel, starting from a mixture of a biological origin containing esters of fatty acids possibly with amounts of free fatty acids, which comprises the following steps: 1) hydrodeoxygenation of the mixture of a biological origin; 2) hydroisomerization of the mixture resulting from step (1), after possible purification treatment, said hydroisomerization being effected in the presence of a catalytic system which comprises: a) a carrier of acid nature comprising a completely amorphous micro-mesoporous silico-alumina having a SiO2/Al2O3 molar ratio ranging from 30 to 500, a surface area greater than 500 m2/g, a pore volume ranging from 0.3 to 1.3 ml/g, an average pore diameter lower than 40 ?, b) a metallic component containing one or more metals of group VIII, possibly mixed with one or more metals of group VIB.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to a method for producing a naphtha product from a renewable feedstock. The method includes hydrotreating the renewable feedstock to produce a hydrotreating unit heavy fraction that includes n-paraffins, and hydrocracking the hydrotreating unit heavy fraction to produce a hydrocracking unit product that includes the naphtha product. The method also includes separating the naphtha fraction and optionally recycling the hydrocracking unit heavy fraction through the hydrocracking unit. The present invention also relates to a biorenewable naphtha product suitable for use as feed stock for steam crackers and catalytic reforming units, and for use as fuel, or fuel blend stock.

Abstract: Physical refining processes using adsorbent particles are disclosed. The physical refining processes may be used in the production of biodiesel fuel precursors and biodiesel fuel.

Abstract: Embodiments of a process for production of biodiesel from a transesterification reaction of alcohol and triglycerides in a multi-zone tubular reactor is disclosed. Alkyl esters and glycerin are formed from reactants in a reaction mixture as the reaction mixture flows through the zones. The zones include an entrance zone, an exit zone, and an intermediate zone between the entrance and exit zones. The zones are characterized by physical properties such as viscosity, density, composition, and flow regime. The entrance and intermediate zones include static mixers that perform structured mixing that increases the conversion and yield. The degree of mixing provided by the mixers is different in the zones to account for differences in physical properties.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a fuel oil composition comprising stabilized Renewable Fuel feed stocks or the blends of Petroleum based fuels with such Renewable Fuels. Also described herein are additive compositions for increasing stability of Renewable Fuel feed stocks or the blends of Petroleum based fuels with such Renewable Fuels.

Abstract: Haze may be removed from a biofuel or biofuel intermediate by using a clarifier. The clarifier includes copolymer prepared using a formulation comprising an alpha olefin and maleic anhydride. The clarifier may also be used with admixtures of biofuels, biofuel intermediates, or biofuel feedstocks with conventional hydrocarbons.

Abstract: Disclosed are flexible hybrid conversion systems that can be used with a wide spectrum of resources and feedstock. The disclosed systems can be sufficiently versatile to provide many added value products including clean energy, synthetic fuels and chemical products. Processes and system disclosed herein can produce, for example, shaft power and/or electricity from the expansion of species change of hot, hydrogen-laden syngas produced by gasification or steam reforming of inferior feedstock such as coal, bitumen, tar from sands and wastes, including biomass, municipal solid waste (MSW) sewage sludge and certain industrial wastes. This disclosure also teaches innovative system thermal integration methods of endothermic and exothermic processes and reaction enhancement approaches for the economic, clean and flexible production of synthetic gaseous and liquid fuels as well as chemicals.

Abstract: A new cultivar of switchgrass ‘Cimarron’ (SL93 2001-1) having increased biomass yield is provided. The switchgrass comprises all the morphological and physiological properties of the cultivar grown from a seed deposited under American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) No. PTA-10116. The invention also provides seeds, progeny, parts and methods of use of Cimarron, such as for the production of biofuels.

Abstract: A combustible fuel article includes a base formed of vegetable wax in a plurality of cardboard strips disposed partially within the base and extending outside of the base. When the cardboard strips are ignited, they burn down to the wax base and the wax base provides additional fuel for the wood fire wall burning at a slower rate than the cardboard strips. The combustible fuel article is an all-natural fire starter that is free of petroleum-based products or dangerous chemicals. Methods of manufacturing and using the combustible fuel article are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a greenhouse screen or the like which is intended for substantially horizontal application and for thermal stratification of the air space under a greenhouse roof, and which prevents drop formation from condensation. The invention also relates to a method for making this screen. The screen comprises webs of sheeting which are joined together edge to edge (or overlapping) by sewn-in threads in longitudinal and transverse directions which constitute a network on at least one side of the sheeting.

Abstract: The subject invention relates in part to the use of insect-protected corn to modify fertility recommendations for given yield targets on any transgenic corn type. The insect-protected plants are unexpectedly more effective at assimilating not only nitrogen but also less valuable nutrients such as phosphorous, potassium and micronutrients such as zinc. The subject invention also relates to the discovery that transgenic corn plants with insect protection traits exhibit drought tolerance. For example, the protected plants are also much more effective at extracting moisture and are therefore more drought resistant and require less supplemental irrigation to produce the same yields as unprotected plants.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of growing plants in a non-fibrous growth substrate, the method comprises providing at least one non-fibrous growth substrate comprising wetting agent, positioning one or more plants for growth in the growth substrate, characterised in that the wetting agent comprises ionic surfactant and the non-fibrous growth substrate is selected from the group consisting of urea formaldehyde foam, perlite, vermiculite, expanded clay, coco chips, coco dust, lava, pumice and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: The calcium carbonate component of waste carpet is concentrated by mechanical means and/or chemical means then subjected to a heat treatment at a temperature below the decomposition temperature of calcium carbonate to volatilize or modify organic compounds admixed with calcium carbonate so as to yield a free-flowing particulate filler composed of at least about 70% calcium carbonate.

Abstract: The invention is a methodology and device to accept sunlight that is concentrated, modified and filtered to wavelengths known to promote rapid growth, flowering, and fruiting of plants. Such modified light is introduced into the invented chamber which allows the control of factors such as temperature and humidity, CO2 levels, air circulation, and the circulation of water and nutrients. In its preferred embodiment, the invention will use a portion of the collected light to power an array of photovoltaic (PV) chip arrays with the chamber to provide sufficient electricity to power the fans, pumps, and sensors employed within the growing chamber, making it totally self-sufficient once water, nutrients, and seedlings have been introduced into the system. The system may be used within a solid soil or hydroponics growth system.

Abstract: A self watering planter device and method of watering allowing water to be supplied by means of standard garden water hose and existing water faucet. A plurality of said self watering planters capable of being daisy-chained in a serial configuration to allow a single source of water from a standard water faucet and standard garden water hoses to provide irrigation water to all of said plurality of self watering planters.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of growing plants in a mineral wool growth substrate, the method comprises providing at least one mineral wool growth substrate comprising binder and wetting agent, positioning one or more plants for growth in the growth substrate, characterised in that the height of the mineral wool growth substrate is at least 53 mm and the wetting agent comprises ionic surfactant.

Abstract: An apparatus for cooling hot ash particles discharged from a pressurized fluidized bed reactor, comprises a vessel, a solids inlet, a plurality of cooling pipes housed inside the vessel, and a solids outlet, wherein the cooling pipes are connected to a header located outside the vessel and are arranged such that the solids can flow through the cooling pipes under gravity without being blocked by the header, and wherein cooling liquid flows from the header via a flow path through the pipes, and exchanges heat with the hot ash particles through walls of the cooling pipes. The apparatus may further comprises a computerized evaporative cooling device comprising water nozzles and a thermocouple that measures the temperature inside the vessel. Also provided is a fluidized bed reactor comprising the cooling device.

Abstract: Mixture to be employed specifically as an agent for adding an odour to a gaseous combustible fuel such as natural gas, consisting of: at least one alkyl acrylate (I) of which the alkyl radicals contain from one to 12 carbon atoms; at least on compound of formula (II) in a quantity sufficient to inhibit the polymerization of the alkyl acrylate or acrylates (I) in the presence and/or absence of oxygen.

Abstract: An apparatus and system for automatically opening and closing a bathroom stall door. The system includes a motor for driving the door open or closed. A control unit controls the operation of the motor. An outer activation sensor senses a presence of a person in proximity to the outer activation sensor. Upon sensing a presence of a person in proximity to the outer activation sensor by the outer activation sensor, the control unit commands the motor to open the door and automatically close the door after a predetermined time period. When an inner activation sensor senses a presence in the proximity to the inner activation sensor, the control unit locks the door lock. When the inner activation sensor senses a presence in proximity to the inner activation sensor a second time, the control unit unlocks the door lock and commands the motor to open the door.

Abstract: A power operator assembly is provided for moving a sliding door between a sliding door of a motor vehicle between a closed position and an open position. The power operator assembly includes a guide rail fixedly secured to the motor vehicle and defining a rail length. A slide mechanism slidingly engages the guide rail. A drive is fixedly secured to the guide rail for selectively moving the slide mechanism along the guide rail in either direction. First and second cables each extend between the sliding door and the slide mechanism for moving the sliding door as the slide mechanism is driven along the guide rail. A compound pulley set is operatively connected to the drive and receives the first and second cables for powered movement of the sliding door a multiplied distance greater than the rail length as the slide mechanism is driven along the guide rail.

Abstract: A shutter assembly for mounting in a building fabric or window opening and having a rectangular frame and a latch mechanism and a catch plate to allow locking and unlocking of the shutter assembly in the window, in which the catch plate has a transverse groove receiving the latch mechanism, and a stop wall at a rearward end and a ramp at the forward end, and retaining pins for securing the catch plate in the window, all formed in one piece integrally.

Abstract: A water deflector includes a water-diverting area and an attachment area for attachment to a seal profile. The water-diverting area and the attachment area are connected to one another via a connection area, which is elastically deformable in such a way that when force acts on the water-diverting area, it is movable in relation to the attachment area. The water deflector can be used in the area of a door, wherein the water deflector deforms when the door is closed and comes to rest in a cavity between the seal profile and the door outer skin, and assumes its starting shape again when the door is opened.

Abstract: Sialon materials suited for machining metal materials, having HFO2 present in a maximum of 1 mass-% as a sintering additive, methods of producing them and methods of using them.

Abstract: A shelter including a support assembly having a plurality of inflatable supports each having an elongated tube body and defining at least two separate longitudinal passages pneumatically separated by a bladder, wherein the tube bodies of each support is connected to the tube body of one or more of the other supports and wherein each of the passages of the each support is pneumatically connected to each of the passages of the other supports, and wherein the supports are spaced circumferentially apart as legs of the support assembly for forming a perimeter of the shelter, and a single port pneumatically coupled to only one of the supports, the port configured for passing air between an external pneumatic vessel and the support to which the port is coupled and a canopy including a plurality of wall panels, the wail panels being configured for being suspended from the support assembly.

Abstract: A removable stairway device configured for attachment to a platform includes a removable step attachable to the platform and extendable from the platform in cantilever fashion. A gap is formed between the step and the elevated deck of the platform when the removable step is attached to the platform. A lock plate is pivotally coupled to the step. The lock plate pivots to cover the gap between the step and the elevated deck. A flange extends from the lock plate and engages a side of the platform to lock the step to the platform when the step is attached to the platform and the lock plate is pivoted to cover the gap.

Abstract: The present invention provides a shield constructed from a malleable, corrugated material, wherein the shield is suitable for use in roofing applications. In some embodiments, the invention provides a roofing gutter guard shield including a malleable, corrugated material, the corrugated material including a plurality of openings through which liquid can pass and which openings substantially inhibit passage of roofing debris, the shield having opposed first and second sides with the first side for placement adjacent a roof and the second side for placement adjacent to a gutter, wherein corrugations in the corrugated material extend laterally across the shield between the first and second sides.

Abstract: A system for reinforcing a tower is disclosed. The system includes a number of vertically elongated primary support risers. Each riser is attached to the tower at a series of spaced apart locations.

Abstract: A modular retractable enclosure is provided. The retractable enclosure includes moveable bays that telescopically retract inside each other. Each bay is made from two or more vertical framing sections and a plurality of first framing members. Each vertical framing section can be made from a plurality of second framing members. Assembly rods are provided to couple the vertical framing sections and are tensioned to load the first framing members in longitudinal compression. The framing members are fastenable to each other. The second framing members can be held together using splice plates. The retractable enclosure may also include a drive system. A related method of constructing a retractable enclosure is also provided.

Abstract: A modular, portable, expandable micro-factory system is provided herein. It includes a plurality of intact shipping containers assembled together to provide a contiguous interior space. One such intact shipping container provides a receiving area seamlessly connected to a production area of a second intact shipping container, which in turn provides a shipping area which is seamlessly connected to the production area of a third intact shipping container. The production area comprises a plurality of vessels operatively interconnected to one another. The plurality of vessels include some, but not necessarily all of a number of units, e.g., an extractor, a press unit, a screener, at least one thin extract tank, a foamer, a mixing valve assembly, a wash down unit, a slurry tank, a filter plate stack, at least one clear extract tank, an evaporator module, and a concentrator tank.

Abstract: The residential building whose majority of components are prefabricated in a factory, includes a foundation supporting a bed, walls erected on the bed, a ceiling supported on the walls and a roof supported on the walls. The foundation is formed of foundation blocks that are cast on-site, in appropriate excavations, and joints by forms of stringers also cast on-site in appropriate excavations. Each foundation block is provided with a vertical pillar prefabricated in a factory, each vertical pillar having a horizontal upper planar face. The upper planer faces of the pillars are arranged along the same horizontal plane, receiving and supporting, at a distance from the ground, the bed of the building. The invention also relates to a method and device used for realizing the wall elements manually or automatically in a continuous manner.

Abstract: The present invention relates to materials and methods for protecting man-made structures made with non-wood materials from termite damage through the application of borates to the surface of non-wood materials. In an embodiment the invention regards a method for preventing termite tunneling and tubing on non-wood and/or non-cellulosic materials by treating non-wood building components comprising the steps of applying a composition to the surfaces of a non-wood building component, wherein the composition comprises a borate component. In another embodiment the invention regards a method for preventing termite damage to man-made structures comprising the steps of mixing borates with a solvent to form a borate solution, obtaining a non-wood building component, coating the non-wood building component with the borate solution, and incorporating the coated non-wood building component into a man-made structure.

Abstract: Fire resistance can be rated for building structure by providing or having made available, and applying or noting application or presence of fire control agent(s) to or with component part(s) of the structure; providing a fire resistance rating format of a comparative structure; and comparing for a fire resistance classification rating (FRCR). Certification can be effected by providing a security code specific for one-time use in relation to a building structure by a user; entering an FRCR of a building structure rated for fire resistance at a first location and the security code to a communication medium; transmitting by the medium the entered rating and the security code from the first location to a second location; and checking the security code of the user to insure it is authorized and specific to that user; if so, recording the rating supplied by the user; if not, notifying an appropriate monitor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a system for constructing a semi-prefabricated building which is formed by a plurality of slabs corresponding to the outer walls (2-2?) and (16-16?), floor (1) and roof (20) of the dwelling. The slabs are molded “in situ” on the construction site itself and the respective erection of the outer slabs (2-2?) and (16-16?) and the lifting of the slab (21) are carried by means of lifting means (5-6) and (5?-6?) located in the gaps (3-4) and (3?-4?) and openings (21) of the outer wall slabs and of the roof slab respectively, they first erect the slabs corresponding to the larger outer walls (2-2?) and then those corresponding to the smaller walls (16-16?) and finally the roof slab (31) is lifted. The mentioned gaps and openings respectively have anchoring elements (7) and (22) for connecting the slabs to the lifting means.

Abstract: The wall is formed by stacking hollow plastic modular elements (1), with dovetailing on their upper and lower faces, from a lower metal channel (2) up to another, upper metal channel (3), the structure being stiffened by means of vertical (1) via vertical conduits in the modules that extend from the lower channel (2) to the upper channel (3).

Abstract: A rig mat is formed by rectangular panels fastened end to end by cooperating connectors. In one arrangement the first connector is C-shaped shaped to form a slot and the second T-shaped shaped with a flange of the T wider than the mouth inserted through the mouth. In a second arrangement two L shaped connectors are interengaged with an additional flat plate which defines a slot with an end of one of the L-shaped connectors. The panels are composite and formed from a honeycomb core panel with a foam material filling the tubular cells and a fibrous reinforcing cover sheets extending over the top and bottom of the panel. The cover sheets are filled with a set resin material which extends into the porous fibrous material of the walls of the core panel so as to form an integral structure of the resin extending between the walls and the sheets.

Abstract: A sash (4) has an elongate framing member (5, 6) and an elongate retainer (30) for holding a glazing assembly (20) in a rebate (8) in the framing member. The framing member and retainer each have generally constant transverse cross-sections. The retainer has opposite longitudinal sides (31, 32) and a longitudinal intermediate portion (33) which includes a projection (50). The first side cantilevers over the rebate in the framing member. The projection has an L-shaped cross-section with a distal limb that extends toward the cantilevered first side for interlocking the retainer with the framing member, such as by engagement with clip (40) mounted on the framing member. The retainer can be secured to the framing member by a fastener (37A) which is inaccessible when the sash is closed in a frame. In a preferred embodiment the retainer and clip are aluminium extrusions and the framing member is made of timber.

Abstract: A multi-pane window unit is described which comprises a. a first glass pane (1) having an inner surface (1.1) with an edge region and an outer surface (1.2) with an edge region, b. a second glass pane (2) having an inner surface (2.1) with an edge region and an outer surface (2.2) with an edge region, c. a spacer composed of (c a) a hollow profile (3) which can be filled with moisture-absorbing material, and whose inner space for the moisture-absorbing material is defined at least by two side walls (5) and a rear wall (6), wherein the inner space has a connection to the gap between the panes, and wherein a first sealant (7) is arranged between the side walls (5) of the hollow profile and the inner surfaces of the first and second glass panes, or (c b) a spacer (8) made of a non-flowing polymeric material d.

Abstract: Window assembly (10) comprises a wedge packing assembly (17) and/or a deformable packing assembly (16) for fitting between a glazing unit (2) and a frame (4) of a window assembly (10) to support the glazing unit (2) within the Frame (4). The deformable packing assembly (16) comprises a base (30), and a plurality of elongate deformable fingers (36) which project from the base (30) and upon which the glazing unit (2) is supported. The fingers (36) are arranged in an array on the base (30) and are adapted to, in use, bend. The wedge packing assembly (17) comprises a first wedge element (20) having a base surface (22) and an inclined surface (24) at an angle to the base surface (22). The first wedge element (20) is adapted to be fitted between the glazing unit and frame along an edge of the glazing unit with the inclined surface inclined at an angle to the normal of the plane of the glazing unit and window assembly. The wedge packing assembly (17) may then further comprise a second wedge element (40).

Abstract: A building element includes a glass panel defining an outer circumferential rim including at least two rectilinear segments, a first one of which defines a first length and a second one of which defines a second length. The glass panel is made of hardened glass and has a specific coefficient of thermal expansion. The building element further includes a first pultruded element having a length corresponding to the first length, and a second pultruded element having a length corresponding to the second length. The first and second pultruded elements are adhered in a high strength integral adhesion to the hardened glass panel along the first and second rectilinear segments, respectively, and the pultruded elements have a content of reinforcing fibers for providing a coefficient of thermal expansion of the pultruded elements substantially corresponding to the specific coefficient of thermal expansion.

Abstract: A concrete floor assembly is disclosed including a subfloor element with a floor side and a ground/ceiling side, and a top casting layer. In at least one embodiment, the subfloor element includes a concrete portion on the floor side, which concrete portion has a bottom casting surface with a surface roughness. The top casting layer includes a casting composition, which includes a self-compacting concrete and a shrinkage reducing admixture. The top casting layer is cast on the floor side of the subfloor element so that at least a portion of the bottom casting surface is covered by the top casting layer, the bottom casting surface having such surface roughness that the top casting layer adheres to the bottom casting surface. A method of providing such a concrete floor assembly is also disclosed, as well as a floor assembly.