Abstract: A high-temperature thermoelectric module. The module includes a two part molded egg-crate for holding in place and providing insulation and electrical connections for a number of thermoelectric n-legs and p-legs. A first part of the egg-crate is comprised of a ceramic material capable of operation at temperatures in excess of 600° C. and a second part comprised of a thermoplastic material having very low thermal conductivity. In preferred embodiments the high temperature ceramic is zirconia and the thermoplastic material is DuPont Zenite. The thermoelectric legs are also comprised of high-temperature and low-temperature material. In preferred embodiments the high temperature thermoelectric material is lead telluride and the low temperature material is bismuth telluride. In preferred embodiments metal felt spacers are provided in each leg to maintain proper electrical contacts notwithstanding substantial temperature variations. Preferably the module is sealed in an inert gas filled insulating capsule.

Abstract: A cooling assembly for cooling a thermal body for an aircraft. The cooling assembly has a Peltier element with a hot side and a cold side. Furthermore, the cooling assembly has a thermal body. The thermal body is arranged in heat-conductive contact with the cold side of the Peltier element. The hot side of the Peltier element is adapted to dissipate thermal energy to an aircraft structure, such that the thermal body may be cooled.

Abstract: A cooling device is in the form of a refrigerator or a point-of-sale display cabinet that is open on one side and is used to store and present perishable goods. The device is fitted with a unit for lowering the interior temperature in relation to the ambient temperature. The inner wall is constructed in two stages, the outer layer consisting of a thermal insulation layer having a heat conductivity <1 Watt/K, and the inner layer consisting of an at least partially coated mixture consisting of a phase transition material and graphite, which covers at least part of the inner wall and is used as a cold accumulator layer.

Abstract: A system provides the flow control of a cryogenic element to remove heat from an environment. The system includes a cryogenic storage to store a cryogen; a cryogenic delivery system coupled to the cryogenic storage to transport the cryogen; a distributor coupled to the cryogenic delivery system, the distributor having a plurality of distribution lead tubes to evenly distribute the enthalpic potential of the cryogenic element; and a heat exchanger coupled to the distribution lead tubes.

Abstract: A dry ice vaporizing device includes: a container having a vapor permeable surface and a closeable entrance configured to be locked closed, an external implement configured to unlock the closeable entrance, and dry ice located inside the container. The vapor permeable surface includes a plurality of holes each having a hole dimension less than approximately 4 mm. The container is configured, when the closeable entrance is locked closed, to prevent the passage of dry ice pieces having dimensions larger than the hole dimension.

Abstract: An icemaker for a refrigerator is provided that includes a mold container which may be filled with water, an air space adjacent to a water level in the mold container, and an air humidifying device for increasing the level of humidity in the air above the water level. Water is administered to the mold container and is cooled and ice crystals form when a given crystallization temperature of the water of below zero degrees C is reached.

Abstract: A heat recovery system for a turbomachine system includes a heat removal system and a refrigeration system. The heat removal system is fluidly connected to at least one component of the turbomachine system. The heat removal system passes a cooling fluid through the at least one component to absorb heat. The refrigeration system is operatively connected to the heat removal system. The refrigeration system extracts the heat from the cooling fluid passing through the at least one component of the turbomachine system to produce a cooling effect.

Abstract: A heat recovery system includes a source of waste heat, and a refrigeration system operatively connected to the source of waste heat. The refrigeration system is capable of extracting heat rejected from the source of waste heat to form a cooling medium.

Abstract: A method of cooling a data center can include: extracting compressed air from a storage vessel or process stream, expanding the air to lower a pressure of the air, with the ratio of the pressure of air after expansion to the pressure of air before expansion being the critical pressure ratio, defining choked flow, providing a constant mass rate of cooling air, thus lowering a temperature of the air; and dispersing the expanded air through a heat sink onto a microprocessor or other heat generating component of a server or a storage device, thus cooling the microprocessor or the other heat generating component of the server or the storage device.

Abstract: A refrigerated merchandiser including a case defining a product display area, and a shelf supported by the case within the product display area. The case includes a base that is disposed below the product display area and a canopy that is disposed substantially above the product display area. The shelf includes an air discharge duct that is configured to direct a first air curtain generally downward from the shelf into the product display area toward the base, and an air return duct that is configured to receive at least a portion of a second air curtain discharged into the product display area from above the shelf.

Abstract: An absorption chiller assembly (20) includes a low-stage generator (42) that utilizes heat from vapor resulting from operation of a high-stage generator (26) and heat from another hot liquid such as coolant fluid associated with a prime mover (22). An example low-stage generator (42) includes an arrangement of conduits for directing flow of the two heat sources through the low-stage generator in a manner that both sources simultaneously interact with a refrigerant solution within the low-stage generator. A disclosed example includes an integrated diverter valve that is preassembled and packaged within an absorption chiller assembly. A disclosed heating mode in one example includes using an absorber (60) and a condenser (56) for heating fluid useful for heating operations.

Abstract: This invention relates to the field of heat-driven cooling devices, heat pumps or thermal transformers, in particular to those devices, known as sorption devices, which employ an ad- or absorbent material as a chemical compressor to raise the pressure of a refrigerant gas. This invention is particularly concerned with a heat exchanger suitable for use as a generator in a sorption device.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for controlling a hot water circulation system associated with a heat pump. The present invention gives a freezing burst prevention operation function to a water-refrigerant heat-exchanger which performs heat exchange between a refrigerant and water, making it possible to remove a phenomenon that the water-refrigerant heat-exchanger installed out of the space where a user lives is frozen to be damaged.

Abstract: An environmentally controlled shipping container including a storage space, a first environmentally controlled space within the storage space, a second environmentally controlled space within the storage space, and a transport refrigeration unit. The transport refrigeration unit including a compressor that provides a flow of refrigerant, a condenser that receives the flow of refrigerant from the compressor, a first evaporator positioned within the first environmentally controlled space and in fluid communication with the condenser, a second evaporator positioned within the second environmentally controlled space and in fluid communication with the condenser, and a pressure regulator associated with the first evaporator. The pressure regulator selectively restricts the flow of refrigerant from the first evaporator to the compressor such that the flow of refrigerant from the first evaporator to the compressor is substantially equal to the flow of refrigerant from the second evaporator to the compressor.

Abstract: A system for desuperheating hot gaseous refrigerant using both a heat exchanger and a dispersed Venturi-driven injection of liquid refrigerant is disclosed. Further, a system, relating to cooling at least one compressed superheated refrigerant fluid prior to condensing, relating to extending the life of at least one condenser is disclosed.

Abstract: A refrigerant vapor compression system includes an evaporator having a plurality of longitudinally extending, flattened heat exchange tubes disposed in parallel, spaced relationship. Each of the heat exchange tubes has a flattened cross-section and defining a plurality of discrete, longitudinally extending refrigerant flow passages. One or more frost detection sensor(s) is/are installed in operative association with the evaporator for detecting a presence of frost/ice formation on at one of the flattened heat exchange tubes and associated heat transfer fins. A defrost system is provided and operatively associated with the evaporator heat exchanger A controller, operatively coupled to the frost detection sensor(s) and to the defrost system, selectively activates the defrost system to initiate a defrost cycle of the evaporator in response to the signal indicative of the presence of frost formation on the flattened heat exchange tubes and heat transfer fins.

Abstract: A mixed refrigerant including a plurality of component refrigerants circulates in a refrigeration cycle device. An expansion valve includes a power element. A filled fluid filled in the power element is one component refrigerant in the plurality of component refrigerants. A slope of a saturated vapor pressure curve of the filled fluid is larger than the slope of the saturated vapor pressure curve SV0 of the mixed refrigerant. Thereby, an opening degree of the expansion valve can be prevented from exceeding in a low-temperature region, and the opening degree corresponding to a load can be obtained in a high-temperature region.

Abstract: For cooling operation, a refrigeration apparatus (20) includes a heat-source-side valve opening control means (53) for controlling a degree of opening of a heat-source-side expansion valve (36) so that pressure of a refrigerant flowing into the utilization-side expansion valve (51) in the cooling operation becomes equal to or lower than a predetermined reference pressure value. For heating operation, the refrigeration apparatus (20) includes a utilization-side valve opening control means (38, 54) for performing, when a low-quantity utilization unit (61) in which a quantity of the refrigerant falls below a quantity of the refrigerant required for delivering capacity of the utilization unit (61) is found among a plurality of the utilization units (61) in the heating operation, valve opening reducing operation of reducing a degree of opening of the utilization-side expansion valve (51) of the utilization unit (61) except for the low-quantity utilization unit (61).

Abstract: A vapor compression refrigeration system including components capable of determining the superheat at a compressor inlet is provided. The vapor compression refrigeration system may include sensors capable of making measurements from which the superheat at the compressor inlet may be determined. The vapor compression refrigeration system may be operable to compare the determined superheat level at the inlet to the compressor to a desired superheat level and generate a new evaporator discharge superheat level target for one or more evaporators operatively interconnected to the compressor to affect the superheat at the compressor inlet. The vapor compression refrigeration system may be operable to broadcast the new evaporator discharge superheat level target to the one or more evaporators over a communications bus. The vapor compression refrigeration system may update and broadcast the evaporator discharge superheat level target at programmed intervals.

Abstract: A turbo chiller equipped with a high-efficiency two-stage turbo compressor is provided. In a turbo chiller including a control unit for controlling the degrees of opening of first inlet guide vanes of a first impeller and second inlet guide vanes of a second impeller, the control unit has a slave mode in which the second inlet guide vanes are operated so as to be dependent on the first inlet guide vanes in a slave-mode priority region, and an independent mode in which the degree of opening of the second inlet guide vanes is increased independently of the first inlet guide vanes in an independent-mode priority region.

Abstract: The present invention has an object to provide an on-vehicle air conditioner that can prevent breakage or the like caused by applying a high voltage. In an inverter system 20 that controls an operation of a motor 30 of a compressor for the on-vehicle air conditioner, a motor control microcomputer 24 operates by converting a voltage supplied from an on-vehicle battery power source 50 into a low voltage. Thus, the motor control microcomputer 24 is operated to perform failure diagnosis of a high voltage circuit Cb without a high voltage power source 40 being turned on. The failure diagnosis can be performed without power being supplied from the high voltage power source 40 to the high voltage circuit Cb, thereby preventing the high voltage circuit Cb from being broken by applying the high voltage even when there is some failure in the high voltage circuit Cb.

Abstract: The invention relates to an air conditioning and/or heating system (1) for a vehicle with a housing (5) which comprises at least three housing modules (7, 8) and which houses at least one component (9) of the air conditioning and/or heating system (1), wherein the housing 5 and/or housing part which comprises housing modules (7, 8) contains two housing part end modules (8) and any desired number (n=1, 2, . . . ) of at least one housing part intermediate module, (7) which is positioned between them and is configured with respect to the number and/or the size of the intermediate module(s) of the housing part depending on the structural elements (9) of the air conditioning and/or heating system (1) located between them.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a cover for a Packaged Terminal Air Conditioning (PTAC) unit. Embodiments of the cover include a gasket on an interior portion of the cover sealing against a portion of the PTAC unit to prevent air recirculation. Other embodiments of the cover include a screen configured to capture large debris. Other embodiments of the cover include solid wood panels with stain and lacquer on both sides of the panels.

Abstract: A refrigerator s provided that includes a cooling chamber and an ice maker arranged in the cooling chamber. The ice maker is equipped with an ice container for accommodating the prepared ice. The ice container has a water-draining surface configured for draining water from the prepared ice.

Abstract: A refrigeration device is provided that includes a housing enclosing an interior and an assembly in the interior having a storage compartment for chunks of ice and a stirrer. The stirrer is rotatable about an axis that extends through the storage compartment to move chunks of ice contained in the storage compartment in relation to each other and to move ice towards a dispensing passage that extends through the housing. A closable flap is interposed between the storage compartment and the dispensing passage.

Abstract: The refrigerator includes a vegetable compartment (107) thermally insulated by a rear partition (111), and a mist generation department (139) for atomizing a mist into the vegetable compartment (107), and the mist generation department (139) includes a atomizing electrode (135) for atomizing the mist into the vegetable compartment (107), a voltage applicator (133) for applying a voltage to the atomizing electrode (135), and a cooling pin (134) coupled to the atomizing electrode (135), in which the atomizing electrode (135) is cooled to a temperature lower than the dew point by a outlet air-duct for freezer compartment (141), and the moisture in the air is cooled to condense dew on the atomizing electrode (135), and is atomized as a mist into the vegetable compartment (107), and dew can be condensed from moisture onto the atomizing electrode (135) stably and in a simple configuration, and the freshness of the food is enhanced while the reliability of the refrigerator is enhanced.

Abstract: By means of a storage box structure according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the process installing the storage box into the storage space is easily accomplished and productivity of the product is obtained, and the inside of the storage box is partitioned, and therefore there is an advantage in that the usage of the storage space is increased.

Abstract: Disclosed is a refrigerator including a refrigerator door; a home bar storage compartment provided within the refrigerator door; and a home bar door to open and close the home bar storage compartment. The home bar door including a case provided with an opening formed through the front surface thereof to fill the inside of the case with a foaming agent through the opening, and a front panel provided on the front surface of the case and attached directly to the foaming agent.

Abstract: An integrated airflow control facility for force cooling of produce in a cool room (10), including a dedicated storage zone (1) for storage of the produce and a dedicated refrigeration zone (2) separated by a physical divider (34) in which the divider includes one or more integral extraction fans (24) to extract air form the storage zone and direct said air through refrigeration coils (40/42) positioned in said the refrigeration zone for cooling thereof, in which the divider further includes one or more air outlets (44/46) to direct the cooled air exiting the refrigeration zone into the storage zone and in which the storage zone, refrigeration zone and the physical divider are integrated into a single airflow control facility.

Abstract: A refrigerator is disclosed. The refrigerator includes a main body having a storage space provided with an opening, and doors by which the opening is opened or closed; a voice input section for inputting speech through an interior voice input unit installed at the inside of the main body and an exterior voice input unit installed at the outside of the main body; a control unit for controlling the state of the refrigerator by analyzing the inputted speech; and an output section displaying the state information of the refrigerator. Accordingly, since the state and the operation of the refrigerator are controlled by receiving a control command by speech, it is capable of reducing a user's inconvenience due to manipulation of the control panel. And, since a voice input unit is provided at each of the inside and the outside of the main body, respectively, it is capable of receiving a control command by speech input regardless of whether the door is opened or closed, thereby providing convenience for the user.

Abstract: A scroll compressor and an air conditioner in which improvement of performance is achieved by a gas injection cycle and increase in manufacturing cost is prevented are provided.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a refrigeration unit that can be used in a transport cooling application. The unit comprises a micro-channel heat exchanger (MCHX), a compressor, an evaporator, and a thermostatic expansion valve. The MCHX is coated with an acrylic composition.

Abstract: A refrigerating cycle apparatus includes a circulation refrigerant, a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, an evaporator, and an internal heat exchanger. The internal heat exchanger is disposed to perform heat exchange between a high pressure circulation refrigerant flowing from the condenser to the expansion valve and a low pressure circulation refrigerant flowing from the evaporator and the compressor. The circulation refrigerant has a property indicating an isentropic line having a gradient greater than a gradient of an isentropic line of a R134a refrigerant and a saturation characteristic curve having a two-phase region enthalpy width smaller than a two-phase region enthalpy width of the R134a refrigerant, on a p-h chart.

Abstract: A refrigerant system operates in a transcritical regime. An economizer circuit is incorporated into the refrigerant system, and includes an economizer injection line for refrigerant injection above the critical point. In one of the disclosed embodiments, the refrigerant utilized is CO2.

Abstract: A method for removal of CO2 from a gas stream by anti-sublimation, comprising the steps of: a) introducing a gas stream containing CO2 into a frosting vessel; b) reducing the temperature of at least a portion of the gas stream in said frosting vessel to a temperature at which solid CO2 is deposited by anti-sublimation; c) discharging the gas stream depleted of CO2 from the frosting vessel; and d) recovering the deposited solid CO2; wherein the pressure of the gas stream in step b) is higher than atmospheric pressure. An anti-sublimation system for removal of CO2 from a gas stream, comprising: a frosting vessel configured to receive the gas stream, said frosting vessel comprising a low temperature refrigeration device configured for reducing the temperature of at least a portion of a gas stream in said frosting vessel to a temperature at which solid CO2 is deposited by anti-sublimation; and a compressor configured to increase the gas pressure of the gas stream which is fed to the frosting vessel.

Abstract: A process is described for removing contaminants from a natural gas feed stream including water. The process includes the steps of cooling the natural gas feed stream in a first vessel to a first operating temperature at which hydrates are formed, heating the hydrates to a temperature that is above the first operating temperature by introducing a warm liquid to the first vessel so as to melt the hydrates and liberate a dehydrated gas and a water-containing liquid, and removing from the first vessel a stream of dehydrated gas.

Abstract: Controlled RVP C5+ products are produced from feed gas in configurations and methods in which a heavier portion of the feed gas is fractionated into several streams having distinct RVP and in which a C5+ stream is produced from the lighter portion of the feed gas. The so formed streams are then combined to produce C5+ products with controlled RVP. Thus, RVP control is achieved without the need for external products for blending process streams derived from the feed gas.

Abstract: Method of cooling a hydrocarbon stream (10) such as natural gas, the method at least comprising the steps of (a) heat exchanging the hydrocarbon stream (10) against a first refrigerant stream (20) to provide a cooled hydrocarbon stream (30) and an at least partly evaporated refrigerant stream (40); (b) compressing the at least partly evaporated refrigerant stream (40) using one or more compressors (14, 16, 18) to provide a compressed refrigerant stream (50, 60, 70); (c) cooling the compressed refrigerant stream (50, 60, 70) after one or more of the compressors against ambient to provide a cooled compressed refrigerant stream (70a); (d) dynamically expanding the cooled compressed gaseous refrigerant stream (70a) to provide an expanded refrigerant stream (80); and (e) further cooling the expanded refrigerant stream (80) to provide an at least partially condensed refrigerant stream.

Abstract: A natural gas liquefaction system with a turbine expander is provided that can improve the efficiency of the whole refrigeration cycle by using the turbine expander, instead of the throttling process that uses the conventional Joule-Thomson throttling valve that is used as a final throttling means in a conventional natural gas liquefaction system, and a liquefaction method thereof. The natural gas liquefaction cycle provided with the turbine expander of the present invention comprises a compressor 100, at least one vapor-liquid separator 300 or 310, a plurality of heat exchangers 200, 210, 220, 230 and 240, at least one Joule-Thomson throttling valves (below to be called JT valve) 400 and 410, a turbine expander 500, and connecting lines composed of plurality of pipes P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6 and P7 to connect these components.

Abstract: Carbon dioxide-containing gas such as flue gas and a carbon dioxide-rich stream are compressed and the combined streams are then treated to desorb moisture onto adsorbent beds and then subjected to subambient-temperature processing to produce a carbon dioxide product stream and a vent stream. The vent stream is treated to produce a carbon dioxide-depleted stream which can be used to desorb moisture from the beds, and a carbon dioxide-rich stream which is combined with the carbon dioxide-containing gas.

Abstract: The separation of methane from an admixture (110) with ethane and higher hydrocarbons, especially natural gas, using a scrub column (114), in which the admixture is separated into a methane-rich overhead (116) that is partially condensed (122) to provide reflux to the column (114) and liquid methane-depleted bottoms liquid (126), is improved by providing additional reflux (136) derived from an ethane enriched stream (130) from fractionation (128) of the bottoms liquid. Preferably, absorber liquid (140) from the fractionation (128) also is introduced into the scrub column. The vapor fraction (120) remaining after partial condensation can be liquefied (122) to provide LNG product (124).

Abstract: The process and the device are used for recovering argon by low-temperature separation of air. Process air (1) is compressed (3) and is introduced into a distilling-column system for nitrogen-oxygen separation (13, 14). An argon-containing stream (72) is removed in the distilling-column system for nitrogen-oxygen separation. The argon-containing stream (72) is sent to a crude argon column (25). The crude argon column (25) has a top condenser (24), in which a top gas from the crude argon column (25) is at least partially condensed. At least one part of the condensate that is recovered in this case is released as reflux liquid to the crude argon column (25). A crude argon stream (76, 176, 276a, 276b) is removed from the crude argon column (25) or the top condenser (24). The crude argon stream (76, 176, 276a, 276b) is sent to a pure argon column (20). A pure argon product stream (81) is removed from the pure argon column (20).

Abstract: Disclosed is a fastener for securing a jewelry item to an article. The fastener includes a plate and a guide member. The plate includes a first face, a second face opposite to the first face and a groove extending up to a predetermined distance from the first face towards the second face. The groove is configured to receive a pin of the jewelry item for securing the jewelry item to the plate. The groove includes a first portion and a second portion extending from the first portion. The first portion of the groove is flared. The guide member is disposed on the first portion of the groove. The guide member is configured to guide the pin of the jewelry item towards the second portion of the groove.

Abstract: An iris shutter case is disclosed for securely housing, protecting and displaying a decorative object while providing an elegant design that adds to the aesthetic appearance of the decorative object. The iris shutter case includes a container in which a decorative object, such as a piece of jewelry, can be securely fitted, and an openable and closable iris shutter assembly that alternatively reveals and conceals a contained decorative object from view. The container houses and protects the decorative object, and resembles a disc or a sphere in preferred embodiments. The iris shutter assembly is operated by a drive mechanism to display or conceal the decorative object. In preferred embodiments, the iris shutter assembly is a leaf and pin shutter assembly, and the drive mechanism is a drive ring with protruding lug handles which rotates relative to a master ring so as to open and close the iris shutter assembly.

Abstract: A ring formed of a first gold layer and second silver layer wherein the silver layer is more than fifty percent of the ring weight. The layers are bonded together with the gold layer on a portion of the outer surface to give an appearance of a ring formed entirely of gold. A method for fabricating the ring is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to jewellery making and particularly relates to intertwined-braidlike jewellery and novel method of making the same. When completed jewellery item is made by assembling many very small elemental jewellery units, the work of formation of interconnections of assembled small units poses many difficulties for the artisans which add to the cost and time-duration of assembly work. This assembled completed jewellery item also presents a flat two dimensional appearance which reduces both attractiveness and hence value of jewellery item. The present invention provides a novel shape of small elemental jewellery units, such that the work of interconnecting them avoids the need of wire-bending and soldering during interconnection-work, used by earlier jewellery making methods. This novel method of assembly of very small elemental jewellery units gives additional advantage of presenting a three dimensional appearance, thereby increasing attractiveness and value of jewellery item.

Abstract: The present invention particularly relates to a novel type of hinge to be used for sequentially interconnecting different elemental jewellery units of a jewellery item. Type of hinge constructions used in jewellery making of prior art do not permit the jewellery item to retain during use its appropriate shape which is required for bringing out beauty value of the jewellery item like the diamond-studded necklace. The necklace may present itself as an ordinary metal chain, which, as if, “falls down loose”, giving a U-shape or any other unplanned shape. Hinge-construction of prior art does not restrict movement of different elemental jewellery units in different unplanned directions. The difficulty becomes more pronounced when very small size diamonds are used in the necklace. The novel type of hinge of the present invention provides two mating pairs for each elemental jewellery units permit each unit to have predetermined appropriate amounts of clockwise and anticlockwise rotational motions.

Abstract: To provide a magnetic-disk glass substrate manufacturing method that can reduce the inner diameter dimensional error.

Abstract: The conservation of energy in the glass industries via the use of heat shields to decrease the amount of energy lost during transportation from the forming process to the annealing process. For maximum effectiveness, the thermal shields are made of materials whose surface has an emissivity of, but not limited too, less than 0.3. They are mounted from, or adjacent to, the means of conveyance of the glass material such that their use will not prohibit the normal production of such glass product. Their installation shall include the means for quick removal or relocation in case of production upsets. The heat shields reflect the radiant energy that is emitted from the high temperature glass back onto itself, and adjacent products, in a manner such as to reduce the loss of energy from such product that may subsequently be necessary for the annealing process.

Abstract: A method of producing an optical fiber preform comprising: performing production of a glass preform having a valid portion to be drawn to an optical fiber and invalid portions disposed to both ends of the valid portion by depositing a porous silica glass body on a periphery of a glass rod; and performing vitrification of the porous silica glass body by heat treating the glass preform, wherein, during the vitrification, at least a portion of the porous silica glass body in the invalid portion of at least one end is dislocated relative to the glass rod along the axial direction of the glass rod such that a stress between the glass rod and the porous silica glass body is relaxed.