Abstract: Methods relating to the power management of positive airway pressure apparatus using a battery are disclosed herein. The methods, in various aspects, are adapted to prolong the delivery of a positive airway pressurized therapy when the positive airway pressure apparatus is operated under battery power.

Abstract: Systems and methods for providing a breathing gas are provided. In one embodiment, the method includes sensing a sensed parameter associated with delivery of the breathing gas, changing a control parameter associated with a flow/pressure control element in response to a difference between the sensed parameter and a first predetermined sensed parameter value during a first portion of a breathing cycle, determining a transition from the first portion to a second portion of the breathing cycle based at least in part on the changing control parameter, changing the control parameter to cause a first change in the sensed parameter during the second portion of the breathing cycle based at least in part on the determined transition, and changing the control parameter to cause a second change in the sensed parameter during a third portion of the breathing cycle based at least in part on the first predetermined sensed parameter value.

Abstract: The invention relates to a respiratory gas supply circuit for an aircraft carrying passengers and/or crewmembers (1) in a cabin, comprising a source of breathable gas (R1, R2), at least one supply line (20) connected to said source, a first actuating device (60, 12) provided on said supply line to open at least partially or close the supply of breathable gas, a respiratory device (50) adapted to be worn on one passenger or crewmember's face, said respiratory device being connected to said supply line, and further comprising an ambient air inlet (40), said respiratory device providing to said one passenger or crewmember a respiratory gas to be inhaled corresponding to ambient air and/or breathable gas, wherein said ambient air inlet further comprises a second actuating device (4, 11) to open at least partially or close said ambient air inlet; and, both said first and second actuating devices are operated so that at least one of said first and second actuating devices is closed at each instant of time.

Abstract: The apparatus provides for the determination of the instantaneous phase in the respiratory cycle, subject's average respiration rate and the provision of ventilatory assistance. A microprocessor (16) receives an airflow signal from a pressure transducer (18) coupled to a port (17) at a mask (11). The microprocessor (16) controls a servo (19), that in turn controls the fan motor (20) and thus the pressure of air delivered by the blower (10). The blower (10) is coupled to a subject's mask (ii) by a conduit (12). The invention seeks to address the following goals: while the subject is awake and making substantial efforts the delivered assistance should be closely matched in phase with the subject's efforts; the machine should automatically adjust the degree of assistance to maintain at least a specified minimum ventilation without relying on the integrity of the subject's chemoreflexes; and it should continue to work correctly in the presence of large leaks.

Abstract: A full face respirator mask includes a rigid plastic integrally molded lens member that has a transparent viewing portion and a central integrally molded port portion. The central port portion is disposed beneath the viewing portion when the mask is viewed from a front elevation. An integrally molded exhalation port is disposed in the central port portion of the rigid plastic lens. First and second air intake ports are disposed in the integrally molded lens member to either side of the central port portion of the rigid plastic lens member. Each air intake port is adapted to support either a plug member to close off the air intake ports or a filter cartridge to filter air passing through the air intake port.

Abstract: A seal for a respiratory mask that includes a first end portion adapted to be coupled to a mask shell, a second end portion for sealing engagement with a face of a user, and a sidewall extending between the first end portion and the second end portion. At least a portion of the second end portion along at least a portion of a perimeter of the second end portion includes a textured area having a first rms surface roughness that is greater than a second rms surface roughness of a non-textured area of the seal. The area of increased surface roughness provides the user contacting portion of the seal with a silky feeling to maximize user comfort and the effectiveness of the seal without impairing the sealing ability.

Abstract: A patient interface device including a cushion assembly having a cushion-in-a-cushion arrangement and a system for supplying a flow of gas to a patient using such an interface device. The patient interface includes a mask shell having a patient side and an outer side opposite the patient side adapted for receiving a supply of gas. A seal cushion contacts a first area of a patient's face to form a seal therewith. A support cushion is disposed outside the seal cushion and includes a first end portion that contacts a second area of a patient's face.

Abstract: A head protective equipment comprises: -a breathing mask (2) connectable to a breathing-gas source and adapted to be applied, in a use position, around an user's nose and mouth, for supplying said user with breathing gas; -a shield (6) adapted to be applied around the user's eyes; and -first and second lock elements (28, 30, 38, 40), respectively located on said mask and on said shield, and adapted to cooperate with each other in order to secure said shield to said mask when said mask is in said use position around said user's nose and mouth, said first and second elements being adapted to create a snap-together connection, -said shield and said mask being adapted to be locked together by a two-step movement, the first step consisting in approaching the shield to the mask until said shield reaches said mask, and the second step being a substantially linear movement until locking.

Abstract: A temporary airway that can be used to facilitate an intubation procedure. Desirably, the temporary airway is removable from an installed intubation conduit without requiring disassembly of the intubation system and interrupting breathing treatment of the patient. Certain embodiments include an intubation lumen, and a treatment lumen. The intubation lumen is configured to assist in guiding an intubation conduit into operable position in a medical patient. The treatment lumen is operable to apply an anesthetic agent, and/or treatment fluids, including gas, such as Oxygen or compressed air. Certain treatment lumens are associated with a fluid dispersion nozzle, most preferably an atomizing nozzle.

Abstract: A respiratory valve assembly (1), such as in a manual resuscitator, has a carbon dioxide colour change indicator element (52) in a disc shape housing (50) arranged to clip onto a grove (59) on the valve assembly. Expiratory and inspiratory gas is supplied to the housing via two flexible tubes (60) and (61) extending side-by-side from the valve assembly (1) to the indicator housing (50) so that the indicator can be undipped from the valve and repositioned if desired.

Abstract: Novel condom applicator device composed of a collar (3) with a projection at its end, the inner diameter of which rests on top of the penis, a flat ring (1) in which the operation for applying the condom (P) is performed by means of a lining (6) combined with its outer diameter. The device is symmetrically separated along its vertical axis. It is joined by means of the lining (6) at the level of the notch (e1) or by means of the collar (3) at the level of the notch (e2). A cap (7) stabilizes its two ends (a1) and (a2). The notch (e) is automatically separable whether a rigid material is used, or whether the device is flexible in order to accommodate a means for preserving same with the condom placed in the center thereof in a special wrapper.

Abstract: A pad for relieving breast engorgement includes a material comprising absorbent fibers and lemon juice. The pad is configured to insert within the cup of a bra. A bra pad has a layer of absorbent fiber material with a front surface and a back surface. A liquid barrier layer has a first side interfacing the back surface of the absorbent fiber material and an opposing second side. Lemon juice is disposed within the absorbent fiber material. A method of relieving breast engorgement includes providing an absorbent pad including absorbent fibers and lemon juice shaped to insert within a cup of a bra and disposing the pad between the cup of the bra and an engorged breast to be relieved.

Abstract: An oral appliance is provided that controls positioning of a patient's jaw. A first dental encasing component is formed to overlay at least a portion of the patient's upper teeth and has a lingual surface, a labial surface, and at least one ledge extending along the labial surface of the first dental encasing component. A second dental encasing component is formed to overlay at least a portion of the patient's lower teeth and has a lingual surface and a labial surface. At least one rotating body is rotatably fixed to the labial surface of the second dental encasing component. The at least one rotating body and the at least one ledge are disposed in positions on their respective labial surfaces to enable the at least one rotating body to contact and rotate along a length of the at least one ledge as the patient's mouth closes, advancing the patient's jaw forward.

Abstract: Provided is a snoring prevention device including an upper support supported by upper teeth of a patient, an upper protruding part provided at the upper support to protrude downward from the upper support, a lower support supported by lower teeth of the patient, and a lower protruding part provided at the lower support to protrude upward from the lower support and caught to a front side of the upper protruding part.

Abstract: A drape for a medical equipment includes a covering portion configured to cover a surface of the medical equipment, a fixing portion which relatively fixes the covering portion to the medical equipment, a coupling portion which couples the fixing portion with the covering portion, and holding means which is provided to the covering portion and configured to liquid-tightly hold the covered inside when the medical equipment is covered with the covering portion.

Abstract: An apparatus for providing hearing protection to a wearer includes an incorporated set of eyewear having an eyewear frame. In one version, a pair of ear muffler tubes are coupled to the supporting members of the frame or made integral therewith, the muffler tubes each extending to the entrance of the ear canal of a person to reduce the level of ambient noise in the ear canal and includes at least one muffler tube of appropriate dimensions sufficient to isolate the ear canal from ambient air that substantially reduces the acoustic impedance at the entrance of the ear canal over a wide range of audible sound frequencies. A connecting tube for attachment to the ear canal is coupled to the ear muffler tube.

Abstract: A safety bandage is provided for limiting the mobility of a patient lying on a support, or for positioning a patient on a support, with a retention strap to which a body strap enclosing the patient's body in the abdominal area is movably connected, and with thigh cuffs which enclose the patient's thighs. To improve a safety bandage of this kind in such a way that a patient cannot independently pull off the thigh cuffs, but without constricting the patient too much, the safety bandage has two leg fixture straps which are arranged transverse to the body strap and which connect the body strap and the thigh cuffs, wherein a material surface is formed between the leg fixture straps or material crosspieces are provided.

Abstract: A glass container storing unit in which the bottom section of a conical first glass container is stored is supported on one base of a cylindrical motor storing unit in which a motor stored, with a rotation axis. A second glass container in the shape of a Welsh onion flower is attached to the other base of the motor storing unit. Negatively charged metallic silicon is sealed in the first glass container and second glass container. The pointed section of the first glass container is pressed against a human body by rotating the first glass container with the rotation axis.

Abstract: A disposable ashtray includes a body made of paper and having a compartment with a top opening for receiving cigarette butts. The annular wall includes an annular flange extending outward from a top thereof. A heat-resisting layer covers an inner face defining the compartment. A top cover is mounted on the top of the annular wall. The top cover includes a crown having a central hole. The crown includes a plurality of cigarette receiving grooves. The crown further includes an annular wall extending downward from an outer peripheral edge thereof. The annular wall has an inner diameter slightly larger than an outer diameter of the annular flange. A plurality of protrusions extend inward from a lower edge of the annular wall. A first engaging groove is defined between each protrusion, the crown, and the annular wall. The annular flange is engaged in the engaging grooves.

Abstract: An attachable lighter tool has a clip slideably engaging the body of the lighter. The clip slides along the major axis of the lighter. An implement such as a poker or tamper extends from the clip along the major axis of the lighter. When not in use, the tool conforms substantially against the body of the lighter and is out of the way. In use, a smoker slides the clip along the major axis of the lighter exposing the implement for the servicing of the smoker's pipe.

Abstract: A cigar splitter comprises: a housing having two open ends, an inside wall and outside surface, and a long axis, wherein the open ends are in line with each other permitting a cigar to be inserted through one end and out the other. A blade is attached to the inside of the housing, the blade oriented for cutting an outer sheath of the cigar as the cigar is inserted through one end of the splitter housing and out the other end. An apparatus for lighting and splitting a cigar comprising a cigar splitter as described above and can maintain active and inactive configurations of the splitter for safety of the user.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for making a fuel element for a smoking article comprising forming a combustible carbonaceous material into a fuel element adapted for use in a smoking article; incorporating a metal-containing catalyst precursor into the fuel element or onto the surface thereof to form a treated fuel element, the incorporating step occurring before, during, or after said forming step; and optionally heating or irradiating the treated fuel element at a temperature and for a time sufficient to convert the catalyst precursor to a catalytic metal compound. Examples of metal-containing catalyst precursors include iron nitrate, copper nitrate, cerium nitrate, cerium ammonium nitrate, manganese nitrate, magnesium nitrate, and zinc nitrate. Fuel elements treated according to the invention, and smoking articles including such fuel elements, are also provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a snuff box comprising a lid, a bottom part and a dividing wall which divides the interior of the snuff box in two volumes. The dividing wall is moveably arranged but the snuff box comprises only two separate continuous elements and may under optimal circumstances advantageously be moulded in only two process steps. The invention further relates to such a snuff box where the lid comprises a driving element arranged to shift the dividing wall. Further the invention relates to such a snuff box where the dividing wall is divided into two dividing wall parts, a first dividing wall part fixedly attached to the bottom part and a second dividing wall part fixedly attached to the lid. Yet further the invention relates to such a snuff box where the lid is provided with two lid portions which advantageously give separate access the two volumes that the dividing wall separates the box into.

Abstract: The invention relates to a snuff box comprising a lid (4) and a bottom part (1a-c) rotatable relative to each other, and dividing wall (2a, 2b) which divides the interior of the snuff box in two volumes. The dividing wall (2a, 2b) is divided into a first dividing wall part (2a) and a second dividing wall part (2b), which are moveable relative to each other. The lid comprises a driving element (6, 2b) arranged to shift one dividing wall part. The driving element (6, 2b) may further be constituted by the second dividing wall part (2b) itself. The invention further relates to such a snuff box where the lid (4) is provided with two lid portions (5a, 5b) which give separate access the two volumes that the dividing wall separates the box into. In yet another version the snuff box may further be provided with indicators (7) acting as a volume indicator. These indicators may partially be constituted by the driving element.

Abstract: A hair extension device is made easily adjustable and convenient to use by providing attached adjustment mechanisms which are inconspicuous and easy to hide. The hair extension device is generally formed as a headband, including a supporting base panel and a connection strand. The supporting base panel can accommodate extension hair in various patterns, and has adjustment mechanisms attached thereto. The size adjustment mechanisms are specifically configured to cooperate with the connection strand to effectively shorten the length of the headband structure and thereby adjust the size of the device.

Abstract: The presently disclosed technology teaches a hair accessory for receiving and restraining a bundle of hair, a method of making the hair accessory, and methods of styling hair and instructing others to style hair using the hair accessory. The hair accessory comprises a pair of opposing ductile metallic members. In one implementation, the ductile metallic members are generally rectangular and each has a pair of longitudinal ends. The ductile metallic members are covered by at least one backing member. The ductile metallic members are generally configured in an opposing relationship to each other with at least one closed end. The ductile metallic members may be separated from each other along a portion of their longitudinal lengths to define an opening for receiving a bundle of hair. The opposing ductile metallic members may also be closed about the bundle of hair to secure the hair accessory within a wearer's hair.

Abstract: A retractable mascara applicator that can be operated with one hand. The applicator has a pen-like housing containing a mascara reservoir. An applicator rod is reciprocable in the housing and extends into the reservoir from a rearward end. A brush on a forward end of the rod is positioned in the reservoir when the rod is in a retracted position and projects beyond the housing when the rod is extended. A finger operated slide outside of the housing is connected directly with the applicator rod to retract it and extend it. In a preferred embodiment at least a portion of the housing is pliable and can be pressed inwardly to squeeze the reservoir and press the mascara paste against the brush.

Abstract: A device and method for the sanitary provision of wax to the skin of patrons. Paraffin wax containers shaped to conform to the patrons face, hands, and feet provide individual reservoirs of paraffin which are heated and subsequently applied to the patron's body. Exothermic pouches are provided to heat the individual portions of paraffin wax housed in the body-part-shaped containers.

Abstract: A multi-purpose mop system includes a mop having a mop handle and a cleaning attachment removably mounted thereon, the mop handle further comprising a base and a grip installed thereon for manipulating the mop during use, and a bucket having a basin and a bucket handle removably and pivotally attached thereto, the basin being formed with at least one basin channel bounded by opposite, substantially upwardly-extending basin fingers, and the bucket handle being formed in a central portion inter-connecting opposite leg portions with at least one respective handle channel bounded by opposite handle fingers, whereby the basin channel and the handle channel cooperate in wringing the mop during wet use. The cleaning attachment may be a mop material cinched onto the base of the mop handle using a drawstring or may be a squeegee strapped thereto. A removable extension handle may be pivotally installed on the mop handle.

Abstract: A device and method for cleaning a channel of an endoscope, the device including a flexible elongate body (102) with a sponge (104) disposed adjacent one end and optionally including a lumen (108) and openings (106) for directing a cleaning fluid through the elongate body.

Abstract: The invention concerns a multi-dosing detergent delivery device that is removably insertable into an automatic dishwashing machine. The device comprises a cartridge capable of receiving therein a rack of dosage elements of a cleaning composition, a collection area formed in a lid area of said device suitable to collect water/wash liquor in a main wash cycle of a dishwasher and a directing means to direct water or wash liquor from said collection area selectively to an interior part of said device. In particular, the device of the present invention includes a sieve arrangement located in the lid area to prevent or impede particles from blocking water/wash liquor flow into said interior part of the device.

Abstract: A water-bearing household appliance such as a dish washing machine or washing machine is provided that has a water supply system, an electrically operable electromagnetic water inlet valve for controlling the water supply, and a control unit operating a control program that controls the water inlet valve. The water inlet valve is controlled for a first time period and it is determined when the first time period is complete whether a predetermined test amount of water has flowed through the water inlet valve. If a predetermined test amount of water has flowed through the water inlet valve, the water inlet valve is operated in a first operation mode. On the other hand, if less than the predetermined test amount of water has flowed through the water inlet valve, the water inlet valve is operated in a second operation mode with a reduced long-term load.

Abstract: A drum-type washer capable of easily cleaning a tub and a method of cleaning the tub of the drum-type washer are disclosed. The drum-type washer includes a tub installed in a cabinet to be supplied with washing water, a drum rotatably disposed in the tub such that laundry articles are loaded into the drum, a motor which rotates the drum, a controller which controls a rotational velocity of the motor to rotate the drum at a specified rotational velocity such that the washing water circulates along an inner peripheral surface of the tub to clean the inner peripheral surface of the tub, and a steam supply device which is controlled by the controller to supply high-temperature, high-pressure steam into the tub and the drum.

Abstract: A method is provided for the removal from a heat exchange of lint that is generated during a drying process in a domestic appliance for laundry care. A rinsing fluid is run through the heat exchanger for cleaning and the rinsing fluid is deflected during a cleaning phase with the magnitude of deflection or the direction of deflection of the rinsing fluid being a function of the strength of an air flow that is applied to deflect the rinsing fluid. The rinsing fluid is thus run through various regions of the heat exchanger depending on the deflection.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for applying a fluid (32) to items (14) to be cleaned, which items are continuously or intermittently transported in the conveying direction (12) in an automatic cleaning machine, preferably an automatic pass-through dishwasher. At least two, preferably tubular, spray bodies (26.1, 26.2, 26.3, . . . 26.n) which are spaced apart from one another are arranged in at least one spray plane (22, 24) which is oriented parallel to the conveying direction (12) of the items (14) to be cleaned.

Abstract: Electrodes are conveyed edgewise along a path. The electrodes can be supported by their bottom peripheral edge and can be maintained generally vertically. A plurality of wash nozzles are positioned adjacent to the path on opposing sides thereof. Wash spray from the nozzles is directed to impinge sides of the electrode. The nozzles can be arranged linearly to form a nozzle array angled so that the wash spray impinges an upper portion prior to a bottom portion of the electrode. Separate sections for rinsing or pre-washing can be provided within a washing chamber. Used water can be collected and recycled.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a phosphate-containing machine dishwasher detergent comprising 0.01-20% by weight of at least one alcohol alkoxylate, 0.01-10% by weight of at least one alcohol ethoxylate, 0-15% by weight of at least one sulfonate-containing polymer, 0-15% by weight of at least one hydrophilically modified polycarboxylate, 0-8% by weight of at least one polycarboxylate, 1-70% by weight of at least one phosphate and 0.1-60% by weight of at least one further additive, where the sum of components (A), (B), (C), (D), (E), (F) and (G) is 100% by weight, to a process for rinsing surfaces of articles by treating these surfaces with the composition, and to the use of the composition for increasing the rinsing performance in the machine washing of articles.

Abstract: A dishwasher includes a washing chamber defining a washing volume in which items to be washed are disposed and a storage container disposed in the washing chamber for retaining items at a predetermined storage location within the washing volume. A spray device is provided that is operable to spray at least one jet of liquid and a dissolving chamber having a chamber floor with at least one aperture is mounted to the storage container. The storage container and the spray device are mounted relative to one another such that the dissolving chamber is wetted with liquid that has been sprayed by the spray device.

Abstract: The disclosure provides for a friction stir welding tool cleaning method and apparatus for fixed and retractable pin tools. The method and apparatus use a heating component, a temperature indicator component, a controller component, and a rotatable tool cleaner component for cleaning fixed pin tools. An additional bore cleaner component is used for cleaning retractable pin tools. Heat is applied to a friction stir welding tool having a surface with weld process residue material until the process residue material is sufficiently plasticized, and then the tool cleaner component is applied to the heated tool to remove the plasticized residue on the pin and shoulder surfaces of the tool, and for retractable pin tools, the bore cleaner component is applied to the heated tool to remove the plasticized residue in the tool bore.

Abstract: A dishwashing machine includes a tub having a sidewall. The sidewall has a first wall and a second wall connected by a bottom wall. The sidewall is connected to a first end wall and a second end wall. The first end wall is connected to the first wall, the second wall, and the bottom wall on a first end of the sidewall and the second end wall is connected to the first wall, the second wall, and the bottom wall on a second end of the sidewall forming an interior volume. The tub has the same amount of welding regardless of a length of the sidewall.

Abstract: The self-supporting, high-profile, insect net enclosure with a water resistant fabric floor having advanced insect protection properties, with enhanced comfort, accessibility, and lightweight storage characteristics. The fabric is preferably impregnated with a long-lasting insecticide. Two resiliency flexible, segmented aluminum poles having two angles each, are held flexed on the inside with the endtips positioned in the reinforced lower corners on opposite sides, vertical portions bowed out as the poles cross diagonally at the end walls, and horizontal portions pushing up and tied in place at the midpoint along the top of the side walls, thereby forming the rectangular shape that supports the freestanding net enclosure. The net enclosure has a three zipper door opening at the center of a side wall and along the seam at the bottom. A fabric pouch sewn on the inside reverses and the net enclosure stores inside with poles for transportation.

Abstract: A portable structure defining an interior volume, and configured to facilitate draining rainwater. The portable structure includes a frame including a central support and a side support shorter than the central support. A roof fabric has a first edge coupled to the central support and an opposing second edge coupled to the side support. At least a portion of the roof fabric extends downward at the second edge with respect to a ground plane to define a concavity. An apron fabric is coupled to the roof fabric at a joint. The apron fabric is configured to extend toward the ground plane. A portion of the apron fabric defines a concave cavity that extends inward with respect to the volume of the portable structure. The concave cavity is in flow communication with the concavity to define a passage configured to drain rainwater from the roof fabric.

Abstract: A thermo-electric generator that utilizes statistically driven electric currents to create potential differences in a circuit. These statistically driven electric currents are endothermic and absorb thermal energy. The created potential differences are utilized to generate electric field driven electric currents to perform useful work in an electrical load. The energy supplied to the load is the net thermal energy absorbed in the circuit.

Abstract: Embodiments disclosed herein are directed to systems configured to deliver energy out of a living subject to power at least one external device, and related apparatuses, and methods of use.

Abstract: Disclosed is a thermoelectric module (100) which rests against a housing (12) via an elastic connection (26, 40, 42). Alternatively or additionally, a mechanical connection is provided with a heat-insulating material (50) between a housing (12) and a heat exchanger (26). Furthermore, a heat conducting medium is alternatively or additionally provided between the thermoelectric module (100) and the first housing and/or between the thermoelectric module (100) and a heat exchanger (26).

Abstract: A method of monolithically interconnecting electrical devices that isolates and interconnects the contacts of neighboring electrical devices such as thin film PV cells, without damaging the surrounding materials.

Abstract: A photovoltaic cell circuit (40, 50) is disclosed which comprises a plurality of photovoltaic cells (12) connected in series. At least one switching device (42) is shunted across a group of one or more of the photovoltaic cells (12). The switching device (42) provides a current path for the circuit (40, 50) when light is obstructed from impinging on one or more of the photovoltaic cells (12) across which the switching device (42) is shunted.

Abstract: The invention relates to nickel-cobalt alloys as current collectors and conductive interconnects, and to methods of deposition thereof on transparent conductive oxides. The invention further relates to transparent conductive oxides on which a nickel-cobalt alloy is deposited and to electrodes made of such transparent conductive oxides for photochemical applications, in particular, for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs).

Abstract: A photovoltaic device forming a solar cell includes a first surface on a first column and a second surface on a second column, wherein the first surface is applied with a first light absorption media and the second surface is applied with a second light absorption media. The first surface and the second surface form a resonance cavity that can trap incident light entering to enhance light absorption.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a system for converting incident radiation energy into electric power. A cavity, whose wall is clad with a mixture of photon conversion devices and specularly reflective coatings, is irradiated by concentrated radiation energy. The shape of said cavity is tailored to the irradiation distribution, so that a generally uniform surface radiation flux is achieved for optimal conversion into electricity by a plurality of photon conversion devices; the balance being absorbed and removed as heat in a cooling fluid. Specular reflective coatings propagate scattered radiation further into said cavity for eventual conversion into electricity. An integrating unit combines and maximizes the output power from individual photon conversion devices into a single output feed.