Abstract: A tool storage container includes a body with top, middle, and bottom sections that is elevated above a bottom surface of a pickup truck bed during transport. The top section includes a base with a lid pivotally attached thereto, and a hollow cavity therein. The middle section is disposed below the top section, and is monolithically formed therewith. The bottom section is disposed below the middle section, and is monolithically formed with the middle section. Each of the sections includes isolated compartments for housing objects therein. A mechanism independently locks the compartments, and another mechanism transports and supports the body along a ground surface when the body is removed from the pickup truck bed. The transporting and supporting mechanism is attached to a bottom surface of the body.

Abstract: A unit for returning a cover of a trailer comprising a first portion, a cord, and a spring. The spring is connected to the first portion. The cord having first and second ends, the first end of the cord being connectable to the first portion, the second end of the cord being connected to the cover, and the cord being wrappable around the first portion.

Abstract: A displaceable roof in a vehicle, in particular a folding top in a motor vehicle, with a front first roof section for connecting to the frame of the windshield of the vehicle, a second roof section disposed after it, and two link configurations which are mounted on both sides of the center of the vehicle, connect the roof sections to each other. The link configurations contain at least two links which couple the two roof sections to each other in such a manner that the first roof section moves over the second roof section during closing or opening of the roof. The roof link configurations are mounted on both sides of the center of the vehicle in bearings fixed on the vehicle body and are articulated on the second roof section. Each roof link configuration is coupled to a link of the link configuration disposed on the same side of the vehicle, for the purpose of displacing the roof sections.

Abstract: A user-operated system for interactive vehicle door opening and closing. The system detects vehicle position (gravity) and external force (such as wind) and provides an assistive force in effortlessly opening or closing the door. In some embodiments, the system provides a fail safe mode of operation in case of power failure and/or limit stops to minimize or prevent damage to external objects in the event the door is inadvertently brought into contact with the external object.

Abstract: A slide door structure of an automobile which enables occupants to get in and out with ease even in a narrow parking space because the door of the automobile can be largely opened and capable of reducing the constraints on the design of the body of the automobile. Forward lower rail boards (11, 13) are positioned on the lower part of the body (1) at the front of a rear wheel house (5) when the slide doors (2, 3) are closed and, when the slide doors (2, 3) are opened, extracted from the front side of the rear wheel house (5) to the outside rear side of the body (1) by the rotation of a front link mechanism, and a rear lower rail board (12) is positioned on the lower part of the body (1) at the rear of the rear wheel house (5) when the slide doors (2, 3) are closed and, when the slide doors (2, 3) are opened, extracted from the rear side of the rear wheel house (5) to the outside front side of the body (1) by the rotation of a rear link mechanism.

Abstract: An aerodynamic device is disclosed for limiting aerodynamic drag on the rear surface of various types of trucks with trailers. The aerodynamic device includes a plurality of rigid members and a flexible sheet designed to create a pyramid-shaped projection pointing away from the rear surface of the trailer. The device members can be quickly disassembled and the flexible sheet collapses so that the aerodynamic device lies flat against the rear surface of the trailer. The aerodynamic device can be attached directly to doors on the rear surface of a trailer or to a mounting frame that may rotate around to the side of the trailer where a roll-up style door is present.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a mechanism for reinforcing a fascia including at least one reinforcement structure and at least one strengthening feature. The reinforcement structure is attached to the fascia so that at least a portion of the fascia is covered by the reinforcement structure. The strengthening feature is on at least one side of the reinforcement structure.

Abstract: An energy-absorbing system for vehicle door assemblies is provided, including first and second brackets and a reaction plate. Each bracket attaches to an inner support panel of the door assembly via a mounting portion having leg members extending inward from opposing ends thereof. The reaction plate includes a generally planar portion with a flange portion extending from an upper edge thereof. One side of the reaction plate is attached to an inner surface of a trim panel, whereas the other side is attached to the leg members of the first and second brackets. One section of the flange portion abuts against an underside surface of an armrest assembly, and another section abuts against a b-side surface of a pull-handle. Both brackets are configured to sustain a minimum vertical loading condition (limit vertical deflection), and controllably deform under a threshold lateral loading condition to absorb and attenuate kinetic energy resulting therefrom.

Abstract: An energy absorbing vehicle door is disclosed comprised of an inner panel, an outer panel joined to the inner panel, door trim panel material on the inner panel, and at least one energy absorbing member mounted on the inner panel. The energy absorbing member has a first surface adjacent the outer member and a second surface adjacent the door trim panel. The energy absorbing member is mounted at a position corresponding to the vicinity of the vehicle operator's lower leg to reduce dynamic motion between the occupant's femur and lower leg, thereby reducing femur distal movement response during a vehicle impact event.

Abstract: A headliner assembly covers an inner surface of a motor vehicle roof having a sunroof opening. The headliner assembly includes a dimensionally stable substrate having a first edge extending along the sunroof opening. The substrate has an upper surface facing the inner surface of the motor vehicle roof. The substrate further has a bottom surface opposite the upper surface. A molded reinforcement is fixedly secured to the upper surface of the substrate. The reinforcement has a second edge extending along the sunroof opening. The second edge of the reinforcement has a contoured portion that extends further inwardly toward a center of the sunroof opening relative to the first edge of the substrate. A trim cover has a third edge extending along the sunroof opening.

Abstract: A standing aid for supporting a person and relieving leg fatigue while standing on a riser step. The standing aid comprises a seat capable of supporting a person standing on the riser step, a vertical stand having a top end secured to the seat and a mounting system secured to a bottom end of the vertical stand. The mounting system has a clamp having a first surface for extending over and in contact with a top surface of the riser step and a second surface for extending below and in contact with a bottom surface of the riser step. The first surface of the mounting system has a relatively small footprint in that it has a second predetermined width which is less than the first predetermined width of the riser step. This small footprint allows people to maneuver around the standing aid while moving on and off the riser step.

Abstract: A passenger seat for use in a motor vehicle includes a first and a second substantially planar region. The seat is pivotable about a horizontal axis between a first position and a second position. In the first position, the first region is horizontal and acts as the seat, and the second region is vertical and acts as the seat back, such that the passenger is facing forward. In the second position, the first region is vertical and acts as the seat back, and the second region is horizontal and acts as the seat, such that the passenger is facing backward.

Abstract: This device includes anchoring mechanism being actuated by a rope and fitted to respective attachments being provided on the pram. The device has two portions namely being a first one (1) being provided at the lower end of the handle and having a cavity (5) in an angularly tiltable arrangement housing an action element (6) being fit to act on the anchoring mechanism (7), and a second portion (2) being solid with the carrycot seat (4) or carrycot and including the anchoring mechanism (7). The action element (6) is made up by an arcuate part one (6?) of whose ends is arranged in a pivoting arrangement at the angular end (5?) of the cavity (5), the arcuate part being at its other end (6?) linked to the pulling rope (8). The action element (6) is fit to act on the bent upper end (9) of a rod (10) pertaining to the anchoring mechanism (7).

Abstract: A chair mountable desk apparatus includes a clamp is removably positioned on an armrest. A first panel has a top side, a bottom side and a perimeter edge. The first panel is mechanically coupled to the clamp and a computer mouse is positionable on the top side. The first panel has a first lateral edge, a second lateral edge, a first end edge and a second end edge. A second panel has an upper surface, a lower surface, and a peripheral edge. A rod is attached to the lower surface and extends outwardly from the peripheral edge. A sleeve is attached to the bottom side of the first panel nearer to the first end edge than the second end edge. A keyboard is positionable on the upper surface. The sleeve receives the rod to position the second panel adjacent to the second lateral edge.

Abstract: The invention relates to a safety apparatus in a motor vehicle having a sensor device in communication with an evaluation unit within which sensor data are evaluated. The evaluation unit is in communication with at least one drive device that can move at least one energy-absorbing element from a rest position to a working position next to the seat or next to an occupant and back again.

Abstract: A child safety seat including a seat bottom and seat back first and second resilient side elements carried on laterally-opposed sides of the seat back, and including walls defining an enclosed chamber. The walls have sufficient rigidity to maintain a nominal shape and are deformable in response to a predetermined minimum impact.

Abstract: A removable headrest cover for a seat is described having improved features for securing and attaching the cover to a headrest. The improved features include integrated elastic elements that serve to secure the cover to a headrest, eliminating the need for engaging receptacles on the seat. The positioning and placement of attachment points for the elastic provide versatility to the headrest cover that allows it to be used with many different seat configurations. Methods for efficiently manufacturing and packaging the cover are also described.

Abstract: A supplemental tongue is fabricated of a rigid material. The supplemental tongue has upper and lower ends. The supplemental tongue is positionable within a slot of a child car seat. The supplemental tongue has a recess. The recess is provided adjacent to the lower end. The recess has a lower linear edge. In this manner the supplemental tongue is retained within the slot. A wrist band is provided in a loop. The loop forms an opening for a wrist. The wrist band is coupled to the tongue.

Abstract: An infant seat for motorcars includes anchor being operable to engage a receiving element being provided in the motorcar. The infant seat has a framework fixedly attached to the lower face of the base of the seat and is fitted with the anchor, the anchor being actuated by a pneumatic device being fitted to the framework and actuated by a control being made up by an articulated lever, the control being accessible through the front edge of the base of the seat, the manual controls being operable for deactivating the anchor being found at the front edge.

Abstract: A child car seat device for facilitating insertion of a child into the infant car seat in a vehicle includes a base being positioned on a seat of the vehicle. The base includes a top wall, a bottom wall and a perimeter wall that extends between the top wall and the bottom wall to define an interior space of the base. Each of a pair of side walls of the perimeter wall has a seat belt aperture that extends therethrough to permit a seat belt to be extended through the base to secure the base to the seat. A seat assembly is rotatably coupled to the base. The seat assembly receives and supports the child. The seat assembly is rotatable through approximately 180 degrees to facilitate the child being inserted into and removed from the seat assembly.

Abstract: A seat structure comprises a base (1), a back and a bolster (2) located on at least one edge of the base or back. The bolster (2) includes an upholstered cover (3) and a support structure (4) for controlling the position of the upholstered cover (3). The support structure (4) comprises: a support member (11) pivotally mounted for pivotal movement between a raised position in which the support member (11) supports the upholstered cover (3) in a raised state, and a lowered position in which the upholstered cover (3) is no longer supported in the raised state, a first strut member (14) pivotally connected to the support member (11) and a second strut member (16) pivotally connected to the first strut member (14) to form with the first strut member (14) an over-centre strut (13) which, when in its over-centre configuration, holds the support member in its raised state.

Abstract: A back rest tilting device in a reclining chair formed of fewer parts. A force promoting unit energizes a back rest in an upright direction. A rotating force promoting unit with rubber torsion springs includes a laterally extending pivot shaft rotated integrally with the back rest and an elastic body filled between an outer tube locked to a support body coaxially with the core and the pivot shaft so that the elastic body is elastically deformed when the pivot shaft is rotated about the center axis of the outer tube to impart a returning rotating force to the pivot shaft.

Abstract: In a longitudinal adjuster (3) for a vehicle seat having a backrest that can pivot freely, a first seat rail (13), and a second seat rail (15) relative to which the first seat rail (13) can be displaced longitudinally, a locking device (16) for locking the longitudinal adjuster (3), a memory device assigned to the first seat rail (13) and interacting with the second seat rail (15), said memory device memorizing a set longitudinal seat position which is relinquished when the vehicle seat (1) is longitudinally displaced during the free pivoting of the backrest (5) and is then re-assumed once the seat is displaced back again, and an actuation device (101) assigned to the first seat rail (13), which actuation device actuates the resetting of the memory device and the unlocking of the locking device (16), the actuation device (101) is arranged with limited movement capability in the longitudinal direction relative to the first seat rail (13).

Abstract: A vehicle seat assembly includes a seat back that is pivotally connected to a seat bottom, a lock mechanism that is configured to inhibit the seat back from pivoting when locked and to permit the seat back to pivot when unlocked, and a release and drive mechanism. The release and drive mechanism includes a mounting member, a drive gear that is rotatable with respect to the mounting member and that is connected to the lock mechanism, and a motor that is connected to the drive gear. The drive gear is rotationally limited to a defined angular range. The motor rotates the drive gear through the defined angular range which moves the lock mechanism to an unlocked state and thereafter causes the seat back to pivot.

Abstract: A fitting (10) for a vehicle seat comprises a first fitting part (11) and a second fitting part (12), which may rotate relative to each other in a circumferential direction, and which form a disc-shaped unit; a clamping ring (13) that holds the disc-shaped unit together by engaging radially outwardly over the first fitting part (11) and by being fixed to the second fitting part (12); and a group of internal stopper elements (51, 53) which limit the relative rotation between the first fitting part (11) and the second fitting part (12). Each of the first fitting part (11) and the clamping ring (13) has at least one internal stopper element of the group of internal stopper elements (51, 53).

Abstract: A motor-driven actuator for a vehicle, in particular for a vehicle seat, is for being situated between two components of the vehicle or vehicle seat that can be displaced in relation to one another. The motor-driven actuator comprises a motor, at least one first gear stage that is located on the output side of the motor, a second gear stage that acts as a load-bearing gear and is located on the output side of the first gear stage, and at least one sealing element. The motor, gear stages and sealing element are integrated into the motor-driven actuator. The sealing element is adapted for being in a predetermined sealing configuration for protecting the motor and/or its electrical contact and/or at least one of the gear stages during manufacturing. The sealing element is adapted for not being in the predetermined sealing configuration when the motor-driven actuator is installed and ready to operate.

Abstract: An adjustable armrest mechanism is provided, which is adapted to be coupled to a vehicle frame. The armrest mechanism comprises a base fixed to the vehicle frame, armrest apparatus movably coupled to the base such that the armrest apparatus pivots about a virtual pivot point located in front of the armrest apparatus and the base, and a locking device for releasably locking the armrest apparatus to the base in one of at least two positions.

Abstract: A hubcap device for use with a wheel includes a base and a fastener for coupling the base to the wheel. The hubcap device includes a spinner member between the base and the cover, the spinner member having a light element. The hubcap device includes a battery for powering the light element and a processor for actuating the light element. An insert is removably coupled to the cover, the spinner member being positioned between the insert and the base. The hubcap device may include a photocell in communication with the processor, the processor including programming to actuate the light element in predetermined light conditions. The device includes an optical sensor coupled to the spinner member to measure a rotational speed of the spinner member relative to a rotational speed of the base, the optical sensor providing a relative rotational speed measurement to said processor.

Abstract: A locking mechanism for installing between a master cylinder and a brake line includes a housing having an internal bore, an inlet port, a passage, and an outlet port. A reciprocating piston is movable within the bore. A locking lever is coupled to the reciprocating piston for actuating the reciprocating piston. A fastener having an internal fluid passage for providing fluid communication between the passage and the master cylinder secures the housing to the master cylinder. The locking lever is moveable between a first position, wherein the hydraulic fluid can flow freely between the master cylinder and the brake line for engaging and disengaging the vehicle brake and a second position, wherein the hydraulic fluid is prevented from returning to the master cylinder for maintaining the vehicle brake in an engaged state.

Abstract: A method for estimating a force exerted by a first body onto a second body including the steps of providing a motor having at least one detectable motor signal, wherein the motor is adapted to advance the first body into engagement with the second body, determining a first value for the motor signal prior to the first body engaging the second body, determining a second value for the motor signal after the first body engages the second body, and generating a force value based upon a comparison of the second value to the first value.

Abstract: A tread assembly has front and rear main idler wheels supported by a frame. An assembly is provided to permit the front idler wheels to pivot laterally as the cart encounters uneven ground, in order to improve weight distribution across the tread and the idler wheels. The rear idler wheel also has an assembly to permit the rear idler wheel to pivot laterally. An alignment feature is incorporated into the front idler wheel assembly to permit adjustment of the alignment of the front idler wheel relative to the rear idler wheel. A tensioning mechanism is provided at the rear idler wheel to maintain the tread in tension. A bogie wheel structure is pivotally connected to the frame and positioned between the front and rear idler wheels.

Abstract: An enclosure includes a back enclosure unit, a front enclosure unit hinged to the back enclosure unit, a rod coupled to the front enclosure unit, and a spring latch coupled to the back enclosure unit, wherein the rod engages the spring latch when the front enclosure unit is closed upon the back enclosure unit.

Abstract: A multi-latch compatible system is disclosed for electrical enclosures. The system accommodates latches of different types and configurations. A rail structure may be formed to interface with pin-type latches and with plate-type latches. The rail structure may be configured as a pre-assembled insert that can be placed within an electrical enclosure. The system permits the same general structure to be used regardless of the type of latching mechanism selected and installed in the enclosure.

Abstract: An exemplary computer enclosure includes a chassis, a pair of fixing members, a plurality of slats, and an actuating member. The chassis includes a pair of first parallel panels, and a second panel perpendicular to the first panels. The first panels and second panel cooperatively define an opening therebetween. The fixing members are attached to the first panels. The slats are pivotably attached to the first panels to adjustably shield the opening. Each of the slats includes a gear shaft fixed to an end thereof. The actuating member includes a rack bar slidably attached to one of the first panels to mesh with the gears shafts. The slats are rotatable clockwise or anticlockwise. Thus, the opening may be adjustably exposed to control an amount of air entering the chassis for dissipation of heat.

Abstract: A drawer container device that can be inserted in a refrigerated cell to define a separate compartment, including at least a shelf provided with mating elements with the respective side walls of the refrigerated cell in a first position such as to define, immediately below the shelf, a first predetermined volume and at least one cup-shaped drawer delimited by at least one side wall placed transversely to the shelf and located in a position beneath the shelf with its concavity facing the latter, the shelf being selectively moveable between the first position and a second position located at a different height from the first and in which the shelf delimits a second predetermined volume beneath itself; the side wall of the drawer being defined by a pair of adjacent elements sliding relative to each other and placed parallel to and at least partially facing each other; regulating elements of the pin-and-groove type being interposed between the relatively sliding elements to selectively position them such that the

Abstract: The invention relates to a refrigerator having two movably connected housing parts that delimit a heat-insulated interior and a seal member that is fastened to a first of the housing parts and contacts the other of the housing parts in an airtight manner in the closed disposition of both housing parts. A lifting element lifts the seal member from a contact surface on the second housing part to permit pressure compensation between the inner chamber and the surroundings of the refrigerator. The lifting element is at least in part formed by a thermally deformable material and, in a first shape thereof, it establishes a sealed contact between the seal member and the contact surface, and in a second state resulting from the effect of heat or cold, it lifts the seal member from the contact surface in order to ensure pressure compensation.

Abstract: An exemplary slide rail assembly includes a first rail having a pair of stop members, a second rail, a first release member and a second release member slidably attached to the second rail, a fixing board attached to the second rail, a pair of actuating members slidably attached to the fixing board, and a clip. The clip includes a pair of arms respectively abutting against the actuating members. The actuating members engage with the stop members to latch the second rail in the first rail in two opposite directions. One actuating member is driven by the first release member to disengage from one stop member so that the second rail is released along one direction. The other actuating member is driven by the second release member to disengage from the other stop member so that the second rail is released along the other direction.

Abstract: A side-by-side refrigerator includes fresh food and freezer compartments each having upper and lower sections which vary in width and volume. The fresh food and freezer compartments are separated by a dividing wall or mullion having first and second upright portions interconnected by a laterally offset section. Fresh food and freezer doors are pivotally mounted about respective vertical axes for sealing the fresh food and freezer compartments. Each of the fresh food and freezer doors has a substantially uniform width. With this construction, the varying width compartments are sealed by substantially uniform width fresh food and freezer doors.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to easily select a file when a user prints. In order to achieve this object, according to this invention, an information processing method in an image forming apparatus which stores a printing history in a print process, includes the steps of displaying accessible files stored in a predetermined storage location, selecting one of the displayed files (step S701), extracting, based on the printing history, a file related to the selected file (steps S703 to S706), and printing an arbitrary file of the selected and extracted files (steps S708 and S709).

Abstract: A method and device for providing a plurality of fire pulses in an ink jet printer, which includes a production of a plurality of fire signals. Each fire signal of the plurality of fire signals are asserted at a different timing than the other of the plurality of fire signals. The plurality of fire signals are combined to form a composite fire signal that maintains the different timing.

Abstract: The image forming apparatus comprises: a liquid ejection head which has a plurality of nozzles and a plurality of pressure generating elements corresponding to the nozzles, and applies a drive signal to the pressure generating elements so as to eject recording liquid from the nozzles; a plurality of drive waveform generating circuits which generate the drive signal having waveform for driving the pressure generating elements; a plurality of dummy capacitive loads which are connected to the drive waveform generating circuits; and a circuit selection device which selects at least one of the drive waveform generating circuits for applying the drive signal to at least one of the pressure generating elements and the dummy capacitive loads.

Abstract: A printing apparatus records a predetermined test pattern on printing paper, and reads the test pattern by means of a scanner. The scanner reads the test pattern at a resolution lower than the resolution of a recording head. This allows the automatic and fast reading of the test pattern. Additionally, the printing apparatus performs an interpolation process on read data, and judges whether there is an abnormality in nozzles or not, based on the read data subjected to the interpolation process. This reproduces the positions of and spacing between lines recorded on the printing paper with high accuracy to achieve the exact judgment as to whether there is an abnormality in the nozzles or not. Therefore, an inspection with a high degree of reliability is accomplished.

Abstract: A pattern forming method includes: disposing a portion of a first nozzle group composed of a plurality of first nozzles arranged in a first direction and a portion of a second nozzle group composed of a plurality of second nozzles arranged in the first direction so as to overlap each other as viewed in a second direction; and ejecting a droplet from each of a plurality of selected nozzles of the first nozzles and a plurality of selected nozzles of the second nozzles to a substrate that moves in the second direction relative to the first nozzles and the second nozzles to form a pattern on the substrate. A droplet is ejected from each of a plurality of the first nozzles selected in an area of the first nozzle group overlapped with the second nozzle group as viewed in the second direction and each of the plurality of second nozzles located between each adjacent pair of the selected first nozzles as viewed in the second direction is selected to eject a droplet.

Abstract: A printing method of the present invention includes the steps of: carrying a medium and ejecting ink from a print head to print, on the medium, a mark that can be filled in by a user; detecting, with a sensor, whether or not the mark has been filled in; and performing a process in accordance with a result of the detection by the sensor. With this printing method, operations with respect to a printing apparatus can be performed with ease.

Abstract: An ink jet printing apparatus and an ink jet printing method can enable high quality printing, without causing uneven thickness in a conveying direction, using a printing head having a plurality of ejection port arrays. To this end, the printing is performed by making distribution ratios of printing in each ejection port array in the printing head different from one another according to gradation.

Abstract: A method of using a mobile device to determine a position of a print medium, the print medium configured to be printed on by the mobile device in a print direction, the mobile device including a printer, a first sensor and processing means, the print medium comprising a substrate defining first and second opposite faces, the first face bearing coded data indicative of at least one location, the method comprising the steps of: (a) using the first sensor to capture a first image of at least some of the coded data when the print medium is at a position within a media feed path within the mobile device; (b) using the processing means to decode at least some of the sensed coded data, thereby to determine at least one location; and (c) determining the position of the print medium based on the at least one location determined in step (b).

Abstract: A printing method according to the present invention includes carrying a medium, and printing, using a nozzle for ejecting ink, a plurality of images each having a section to be detected for detecting an inclination of the image with respect to the carried medium.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus is provided which can detect abnormality in a conveyance system of a carriage by a change in posture of the carriage. The image forming apparatus includes an image forming device that forms an image onto a recording medium by moving a carriage which mounts a recording head thereon, an angular speed detection device that detects an angular speed around a predetermined axis of the carriage, and a abnormality determination device that determines abnormality in a conveyance system that moves the carriage based on whether the angular speed detected by the angular detection device when the carriage is moved exceeds a predetermined abnormality determination value.

Abstract: There is provided an ink jet printing apparatus capable of printing an image having few joining stripes. Dot count is performed regarding an image printed in the vicinity of the joining stripe, and print duty is judged. Next, a dot count value is determined from the print duty. Then, a print data correction rank is determined beforehand in accordance with properties of the printing apparatus, and image data to be printed in the vicinity of the joining stripe is added or thinned out. Thus, an image can be printed which has few black and white stripes.

Abstract: A dark color (for example, cyan) ink dot formed by preliminary ejection can be made less noticeable, and the influence on the printing quality can be reduced, even in a case where the dark color ink is preliminarily ejected onto a light color (for example, yellow) image area. For this purpose, in a case where the dark color ink is preliminarily ejected onto the image area of high lightness, the amount of the ink applied for printing the area is reduced. For example, in a case where a cyan ink is preliminarily ejected onto an area to be formed of yellow dots, a piece of data for forming the yellow dot in the preliminary ejection position is deleted. This reduces an overlapping area of the yellow area and the ink dot formed by the preliminary ejection, and thus makes the ink dot formed by the preliminary ejection less noticeable.