Abstract: An emissions-control system of a vehicle is provided, having an LNT disposed in an exhaust system of the vehicle, downstream of the engine, an SCR device disposed downstream of the LNT, and a controller. The controller is operatively coupled to the engine and configured to cause the engine to provide a reducing exhaust to the LNT at least during an enrichment interval, the enrichment interval including an enrichment subinterval beginning after a sensor indicates rich breakthrough, and further configured to adjust the duration and/or the level of enrichment for the enrichment subinterval in response to an ageing of the LNT. In this way, it is possible to modify LNT regeneration based on catalyst performance and thereby generate sufficient ammonia for improved operation of the SCR device.

Abstract: A degree of dispersion of a reducing agent added to an exhaust gas flowing into an exhaust gas purification apparatus is controlled. Before addition fuel is added, a valve opening Vd of a flow area changing valve is changed to generate pulsation of the exhaust gas, so that addition valve vicinity exhaust gas pressure Pg varies periodically. Addition timing TMad is controlled to synchronize with extremum arrival timing TMe. High or low dispersion type addition control adds fuel at timing (CP) when the addition valve vicinity exhaust gas pressure Pg becomes a maximum value Pgmax, at timing (TP) when at a minimum value Pgmin, or at both timings (CP, TP).

Abstract: This invention is intended to ensure that an exhaust gas purification device with an NOx storage reduction catalyst and a particulate filter is able to fully utilize an original NOx storage capability of the NOx storage reduction catalyst. For this end, in addition to the filter 40 disposed upstream relative to the NOx storage reduction catalyst 22, the purification device includes a fuel supply element 42 for supplying a fuel so that the fuel is mixed with exhaust gas that flows into the filter, and an ozone feeder 30 for supplying ozone so that the ozone is mixed with exhaust gas that flows into the NOx storage reduction catalyst at a downstream position relative to the filter 40.

Abstract: Dosing components (22, 24, 32) in an engine exhaust after-treatment system (18) that includes an SCR catalyst (20) are thermally managed by flowing engine coolant through a coolant passage in a urea injector (22) that injects aqueous urea into the after-treatment system, controlling a three-way valve (60) to selectively direct coolant flow leaving the urea injector to a first branch that is in heat exchange relationship with a tank (24) that holds a supply of aqueous urea and a supply pump module (32) that pumps aqueous urea from the tank to the urea injector, and a second branch that is not in heat exchange relationship with either the tank or the supply pump, and returning coolant from the branches to the engine cooling system.

Abstract: The invention concerns an exhaust gas system (1) for an internal combustion engine (11), said system (1) comprising an exhaust gas conduit (13), a particulate filter (15) and a controllable exhaust valve (17) arranged in the exhaust gas conduit (13, said exhaust valve (17) being intended for increasing the exhaust gas temperature (TeXh) by increasing an exhaust gas back pressure in situations where the exhaust gas temperature (TeXh) is too low for performing a regeneration process of the particulate filter (15), a temperature measurement means (12) for determining an exhaust gas temperature (TeXh), a first pressure measurement means (14, 14a) for determining an exhaust gas pressure upstream of the valve (17), a control unit (24) for receiving signals from the measurement means (12, 14) and for controlling the valve (17).

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust gas purifying apparatus for an internal combustion engine which can properly purge at least NOx of unpurified components contained in exhaust gas while considering characteristics of NOx desorbed from an adsorbent. A bypass passage 18 bypassing a main exhaust passage 12 of the internal combustion engine 10 is provided. A HC/NOx adsorbent 22 having a function of adsorbing HC and NOx is provided in the bypass passage 18. A second underfloor catalyst 30 is provided downstream of the adsorbent 22. A purge passage 26 branching off from the bypass passage 18 while connecting to an intake passage is provided. An exhaust switching valve 20 and a purge control valve 28 are provided as a flow path switching means that is capable of switching a flow target into which the exhaust gas flows between the main exhaust passage 12 and the bypass passage 18. If the purging operations are executed, the intake purging operation is first executed.

Abstract: The present disclose is directed to a power system. The power system may include a power source that creates a flow of exhaust. The power system may further include a particulate collection device that receives the flow of exhaust. The power system may also include an additive injector located downstream of the power source, the additive injector may be configured to provide a controlled supply of additive to the flow of exhaust.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating engine exhaust gas includes comprising an exhaust conduit for leading exhaust gases from an engine to an outlet, a particulate filter connected in the exhaust conduit to receive exhaust gas, a heat source connected in the exhaust conduit upstream of the particulate filter, and, a heat exchanger connected to receive exhaust gas exiting the particulate filter and arranged to heat a portion of the exhaust conduit upstream of the heat source and particulate filter. Heating the exhaust gases prior to entry into the particulate filter helps ensure oxidation of the trapped particulate matter.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a filter device for reducing automobile exhaust fume. The filter device includes a case, a front flange mounted inside the case, a rear flange mounted inside the case, and a filter member mounted between the front and rear flanged. The case includes an inlet port, a porous tube and an exhaust port. The filter member includes a laminated-type or rolled-up type metallic foam filter mounted between the front and rear flanges, and a jacket wrapped around the metallic foam filter. The exhaust gas that flows inside the porous tube passes through the metallic foam filter. The jacket is formed in a network form to maintain the shape of the metallic foam filter and provide durability thereto. The jacket is formed with a rectangular vent hole. The jacket holds the metallic foam filter such that the shape, construction and position of the metallic foam filter can be maintained.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device and a method for metering liquid pollutant-reducing media into an exhaust gas duct of an exhaust gas line of an internal combustion engine, with at least one metering means which is located in or on the exhaust gas duct and downstream to which, viewed in the flow direction of the exhaust gas upstream from a catalytic converter arrangement, a baffle body is connected such that the liquid which has been metered by means of the metering means strikes a baffle body for its distribution. According to the invention the baffle body is formed by a static mixer which has a plurality of preferably single-blade guide vane plates which project away from the mixer plane at a given angle and which are aligned such that the metered liquid, especially liquid droplets, strikes the plane of the guide vane plates essentially perpendicularly.

Abstract: A selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system includes an exhaust pipe for receiving an exhaust gas from an engine. A selective catalytic reduction (SCR) unit is provided downstream of the exhaust pipe. A first mixing element including a meshed body defines a first surface, a second surface, and a plurality of openings extending from the first surface to the second surface. The first surface and second surface are parallel to each other and define an angle relative to a flow direction of the exhaust flow. The angle is less than 90 degrees.

Abstract: An exhaust-gas cooler for an internal combustion engine has a plurality of flow channels which conduct exhaust gas. The flow channels are arranged within a housing (1) and are in thermal exchange with a fluid for cooling the exhaust gas. At least one filter member (3) for filtering particles from the exhaust-gas flow is integrated structurally into the exhaust-gas cooler.

Abstract: An exhaust cooling apparatus for construction equipment, having a cooling fan taking external air into an engine room for heat exchange with a oil cooler and a radiator, and a blower flowing air out of the engine room to the atmosphere. In the apparatus, an outlet of an exhaust pipe for emitting exhaust gas from an engine is fixedly disposed toward a discharge direction of the blower. The discharge direction of the blower is upwardly vertical to the ground. The exhaust cooling apparatus is effective in preventing combustible matters from burning, or preventing plant lives from withering, due to hot exhaust gas around construction equipment such as excavator, by discharging the hot exhaust gas to the atmosphere after cooling it down through air flowing out of the engine room.

Abstract: In an exhaust emission control device, a casing 7, which accommodates particulate filter 5 as a post-treatment device through which exhaust gas 3 is passed for cleanup, has an outlet connected with a downstream exhaust passage 12 extending substantially perpendicular to an axis of the casing 7. In order to realize compactness in size of the whole structure without increase of exhaust resistance, an outer chamber 11 encases the casing 7 in a required range to provide required spacing for an open end 7a and an outer periphery 7b of the outlet of the casing 7. The outlet chamber 11 intervenes between the outlet of the casing 7 and the downstream exhaust passage 12.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hydraulic drive, especially for a press, punching or nibbling machine, comprising a double-acting work cylinder whose piston comprises a first working surface effective in the retracting direction and a second working surface effective in the extending direction, which each delimit one pressure chamber; with at least two different pressures being applicable to at least one of the working surfaces by means of an actuator for retracting or extending the piston into and out of the work cylinder; with the hydraulic drive comprising an actuator unit which optionally enables a throttled return flow of hydraulic medium from the first pressure chamber delimited by the first working surface.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an electric actuator having a structure capable of reducing an external force or impact acting on a screw shaft when a piston rod is at a stretched position. An electric actuator 1 includes a first port 6, a second port 7, and a cylinder chamber connecting passage 9. The first port 6 is formed on an inner face of a rod-side cylinder chamber 5a of a cylinder body 2. The second port is formed on an inner face of a head-side cylinder chamber 5b of the cylinder body 2. the cylinder chamber connecting passage 9 connects the first port 6 and the second port 7. In the electric actuator 1, a piston part 4a of a piston rod 4 closes the first port 6 when the piston rod 4 advances.

Abstract: An integrated welder, generator and hydraulic unit that includes a housing that at least partially contains components of a welder, generator and a hydraulic pump. An engine, an electric current generator, and a hydraulic pump are at least partially mounted in the housing. The electric current generator is at least partially connected to the engine to be at least partially driven thereby. The hydraulic pump can be at least partially powered by the electric current generator or the fuel powered engine during the operation of the engine. The integrated welder, generator and hydraulic unit can also include an air compressor.

Abstract: A hydrostatic transmission having a hydraulic pump that is fluidly connected to a hydraulic motor. The transmission also has a pressure control valve that has first and second stages and is fluidly connected to the hydraulic pump. By utilizing the pressure control valve when the first stage of the pressure control is at a minimum pressure the second stage determines the minimum charge pressure setting for the hydrostatic transmission.

Abstract: A float for use in capturing energy from waves, said float comprising: a central body providing buoyancy, said float further comprising: a leading part which has a leading surface which, in use of the float, is inclined upwards from horizontal such that the top of said leading surface projects further from said central body than the bottom of said leading surface and/or a trailing part which, in use of said float, extends downwards from said central body and presents a trailing surface which is inclined downwards from horizontal such that the top of said trailing surface is closer to said body than the bottom of said trailing surface.

Abstract: An axial mechanism for converting between linear reciprocating motion and rotary motion comprises a z-crank shaft, a wobble member rotationally mounted to the angled crank pin of the z-crank shaft, and one or more pistons with a connecting rod between each piston and a pivot joint to the wobble member. In one embodiment the connecting rods have sufficient inherent flexibility to accommodate sideways motion in a 360° orbit at the wobble member end of the connecting rod. In another embodiment there is a lubrication communication passage from within the wobble member to each of said pivot joints. In another embodiment each such pivot joint is fitted to the wobble member an integral unit. In another embodiment the z-crank shaft is supported for rotation by bearings all positioned to one side of the z-crank shaft, spaced along the output drive end of the z-crank shaft.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine, in particular an Otto-cycle engine, has an exhaust gas turbocharger and a mechanical charger, wherein a compressor of the exhaust gas turbo charger is disposed upstream of the mechanical charger in the air channel for combustion air such that the compressor of the exhaust gas turbocharger draws combustion air directly from an air filter. A first charge air cooler is disposed downstream of the compressor of the exhaust gas turbocharger and upstream of the mechanical charger. A second charge air cooler is disposed downstream of the mechanical charger. The first charge air cooler, the second charge air cooler, the mechanical charger, and an intake manifold are all arranged in a single charge air cooling module, wherein direct fuel injection into the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine is provided for supplying fuel.

Abstract: A purification system for variable post injection in LP EGR, the system includes a turbo charger disposed downstream of a diesel engine, a DPF (catalyzed particulate filter) disposed downstream of the turbo charger, a NOx reduction apparatus disposed upstream or downstream of the DPF, a bypass line diverged from the DPF for mixing exhaust gas and air inflowing the turbo charger, a exhaust gas control portion disposed downstream of the DPF for controlling flowing of the exhaust gas and a lean/rich controlling portion for controlling lean/rich of the exhaust gas.

Abstract: The invention relates to an internal combustion engine system (1), particularly in a motor vehicle, comprising an internal combustion engine (2), a fresh gas system (3) for supplying fresh gas to the internal combustion engine (2), an exhaust gas system (4) for discharging exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine (2), and an exhaust gas recirculation system (5) for removing exhaust gas from the exhaust gas system (4) at a removal point (11) and introducing the removed exhaust gas into the fresh gas system (3) at an introduction point (12). In order to improve exhaust gas recirculation, the exhaust gas system (4) is equipped with an exhaust gas valve (14) downstream of the removal point (11) in order to control the penetrable cross-section of the exhaust gas system (4).

Abstract: A turbocharger bearing housing defines a bore in which the turbocharger shaft is mounted for rotation in journal bearings. Lubricating oil is delivered to the journal bearings and a residue is retained in reservoirs in which the journal bearings are located. Two fluid retaining members are disposed around the shaft, each forming a wall of the reservoir and being sealed to the bearing housing. The lubricating fluid reservoir is provided between the fluid retaining members to a depth that at least partially immerses the journal bearings even when the oil supply is interrupted. This ensures that there is sufficient oil to lubricate the bearings at engine start-up, thereby reducing the risk of wear.

Abstract: A sorption system is disclosed that includes a sorbent material and a fluid, in which the sorbent material and fluid in combination have a pressure index of at least 1.2.

Abstract: The invention relates to a steam generation plant, comprising a steam generator (1) with a combustion chamber (8), an evaporator, a superheater (9), an intermediate superheater (12), a condenser (14), a feed water preheater (16, 19, 19?) regeneratively heated by steam, a steam turbine set (2) with a high-pressure section (4), a medium pressure section (5) and a low-pressure section (6), a flue gas line (22), connected to the combustion chamber (8), an air supply line (21), for the supply of combustion air to the burner in the combustion chamber (8) and an air preheater (3) with flue gas and combustion air passing therethrough. An air line (23) branches off from the air supply line (21) downstream of the air preheater (3) in said steam generation plant and supplies an air-fractionation unit (25). Air coolers (34, 35) are arranged in the air line (23) through which the condensate or feed water from the condensate/feed water circuit from the steam generator (1) flows.

Abstract: According to the invention, the thermostatic valve (10) includes, on the one hand, a mobile sleeve (30) for adjusting the flow of fluid through the valve body (20), said sleeve comprising a tubular body (31) provided with peripheral sealing fittings (32, 33, 34) adapted for interaction by sealed contact with the fixed seats (25A, 26A, 27A) in order to stop the fluid flows between the openings (21, 22, 23) defined by the valve body and, on the other hand, a thermostatic member (40) including a fixed portion (42) rigidly connected to the valve body and a fixed portion (41) movable in translation in the direction of the axis (X-X) of the sleeve under the action of a volume variation of a thermo-expansible material, the sleeve being kinematically connected to the mobile portion so that the movement of the mobile portion relative to the fixed portion controls the movement of the sleeve relative to the seats.

Abstract: A condensation method is described according to which exhaust steam from a turbine (1) of a condensation power plant is supplied to an air-cooled condenser (3) for condensation. The condensate (K) obtained in the condenser (3) is preheated in a condensate heating stage (6) prior to its supply to an evaporator upstream of the turbine (1) by means of a feed pump. The condensate (K) is heated by a partial steam flow (T) of the turbine (1). A degasifier (8) is mounted in parallel to the condensate heating stage (6) for degasifying the makeup feed water (W).

Abstract: The present invention concerns a unit (1) for aircraft turbomachine comprising a housing (6), and first (8a) and second (8b) fuel injection systems, where each system comprises: an injector (10a, 10b) fitted with an attachment plate (16a, 16b) traversed by three mounting holes positioned according to a first configuration for the first systems and according to a second configuration distinct from the first for the second systems; a reception device (12a, 12b) installed on the housing; a sealing joint (14) interposed between the plate and the reception device; and securing screws (18a, 18b) attaching the plate on to its reception device. According to the invention, the sealing joints (14) are identical for the first and second fuel injection systems.

Abstract: A fuel nozzle for use with a combustion chamber defined within a gas turbine engine and a method for assembling the same are provided. The fuel nozzle includes a swirler assembly and a burner tube that is coupled to a support flange in a detachable manner such that an inner surface of the burner tube circumscribes an outer surface of the swirler assembly during fuel nozzle operation.

Abstract: In a turbo-engine system, oil is circulated by means of a positive-displacement pump directly driven by the output shaft. The pump output pressure is monitored to trigger fuel injection when the turbine reaches sufficient speed during the start-up sequence.

Abstract: Systems are disclosed for providing reliable, controllable power without releasing the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide (CO2) to the environment. Any CO2 generated is captured and converted to hydrocarbons, which may be used as hydrocarbon feedstock or as additional fuel. Some of these systems can even reduce atmospheric carbon dioxide. The systems may utilize a carbon-neutral energy source.

Abstract: A device is provided for moving a plurality of hatches, spaced at intervals from one another in a circumferential direction of a gas turbine engine, between a first position and a second position, wherein each of the hatches is arranged to keep an opening in a wall in a closed position, when in the first position, and to keep the opening in an open position, when in the second position. At least one of the hatches is provided with two connecting members which are mutually separated in the circumferential direction of the device, and the device includes a linkage for the movement, the linkage being connected to the hatch at the two mutually separated connecting members.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an ecology valve (EV) fuel return system includes a housing assembly, an ecology valve, and a fuel routing assembly. The ecology valve includes an EV piston slidably disposed within the housing assembly for movement between a fuel storage position and a fuel return position, a fuel storage chamber defined by the EV piston and the housing assembly, and an EV control chamber defined by the EV piston and the housing assembly. The fuel routing assembly, which is fluidly coupled to the EV control chamber and to the fuel storage chamber, is configured to route fuel: (i) from the fuel storage chamber to a fuel supply system when a gas turbine engine (GTE) is in a start-up mode, and (ii) from the first fuel manifold and from the EV control chamber to the fuel storage chamber when the GTE is in a shut-down mode.

Abstract: A gas turbine engine has an engine casing component, such as a mid turbine frame system, which may includes an outer case surrounding a spoke or strut casing. Load transfer spokes of the spoke casing extend between the outer case and an inner case of the spoke casing. A bearing housing supported by the engine casing may include a fuse arrangement for isolating bearing seizure loads from the engine casing. A seal arrangement may be provided to centralize the rotors after the fuse fails. The mid turbine frame may be provided to have a desired flexibility through the configuration of the casing and bearings in design.

Abstract: A gas turbine engine mid turbine frame apparatus includes a an inner case supporting a bearing, an outer case to which the inner case is mounted, and an apparatus for radially positioning one relative to the other, the apparatus including a plurality of radial locators extending outwardly of the outer case and an associated locking apparatus. The locking apparatus is mounted adjacent to but independent of the locators and provides for anti-rotation of the radial locators once installed.

Abstract: A gas turbine engine has a mid turbine frame system which includes an outer case surrounding a spoke casing. Spokes of the spoke casing are detachably connected to the outer case and radially extend through hollow struts of a segmented interturbine duct which is disposed between the outer case and an inner case of the spoke casing. A bearing housing is supported by the inner case of the spoke casing. The mid turbine frame is assembly by inserting the interturbine duct segments over the spokes and then inserting the spoke casing into the outer case.

Abstract: A gas turbine engine has a casing component, such as a mid turbine frame system, which includes an outer case surrounding a spoke or strut casing. Load transfer spokes of the spoke casing are detachably connected to the outer case and radially extend between the outer case and an inner case of the spoke casing. A bearing housing is supported by the inner case of the spoke casing. An arrangement for radially centring the bearing within the outer case is provided, the arrangement including at least three radial locators mounted to the outer case.

Abstract: A mid turbine frame with an annular interturbine duct may be assembled by placing an mid turbine frame inner case of into the interturbine duct, inserting a plurality of mid turbine frame spokes radially through respective hollow radial struts of the interturbine duct to be connected to the mid turbine frame inner case to form a mid turbine frame spoke casing. A mid turbine frame outer case is also connected to the spokes, to provide an assembled mid turbine frame.

Abstract: A turbine frame assembly for a gas turbine engine includes: (a) a turbine frame including: (i) an outer ring; (ii) a hub; (ii) a plurality of struts extending between the hub and the outer ring; (b) a two-piece strut fairing surrounding each of the struts, including: (i) an inner band; (ii) an outer band; and (iii) an airfoil-shaped vane extending between the inner and outer bands; (d) a plurality of nozzle segments disposed between the outer ring and the hub, each nozzle segment being an integral metallic casting including: (i) an arcuate outer band; (ii) an arcuate inner band; and (ii) an airfoil-shaped vane.

Abstract: In order to reduce a manufacturing cost and a running cost, casings (22) each housing a combustion oscillation detecting device (21) are attached in an alternating manner to cross-flame tubes (17) by which a plurality of combustors arranged annularly in a combustor casing are connected to each other.

Abstract: A mid turbine frame of a gas turbine engine includes an outer case which supports a spoke casing co-axially positioned therein. The spoke casing has load transfer spokes extending radially from an inner case and secured to the outer case. A load transfer device is provided to transfer load from the spokes to the outer case in addition to load transfer through a first group of fasteners securing the spokes to the outer case, thereby forming a secondary load transfer path from the spokes. The load transfer device includes an opening of the outer case into which at least some of the spokes are inserted.

Abstract: A gas turbine engine mid turbine frame having an annular interturbine duct and vane ring assembly includes a duct having outer and inner duct walls of sheet metal interconnected by radial hollow struts of sheet metal and a vane ring is connected to the duct to provide the assembly. The interturbine duct and vane ring assembly may be provided within a mid turbine frame in a manner which is independent of a bearing load path through the mid turbine frame.

Abstract: This invention relates to a force transmission system (50) between a turboprop and an attachment pylon, comprising: a first and a second force transmission device (52a, 52b) each comprising a first hollow cylinder (54) with an axis (56) that will be made parallel to a first force transmission direction, said first cylinder defining a first space (58) full of a fluid (60) and closed off in a sealed manner at its two opposite ends, by a first damping layer (62) that will bear in contact with a bearing element (66) of the turboprop, and by a second damping layer (64) that will bear in contact with a bearing element (68) of the attachment device, said first and second layers possibly being compressed by the pressure of said fluid; and first means (70) of fluid communication between the two spaces (58, 58).

Abstract: A low power dehumidifier includes a body, a desiccation element, and heat transfer elements. The desiccation element has a dehumidifying region and a recycling region. Each of the heat transfer elements has a cooling end and a heating end configured for high-temperature condensation and high-temperature heating, respectively, thereby effectively recycling waste high heat generated by the dehumidifier and reducing power consumption.

Abstract: A thermoelectric heat transferring unit for transferring heat between an enclosed space and outside of the enclosed space includes a thermoelectric module, a control module, an air intake duct, and an air return duct. The thermoelectric module includes an upper air flow chamber arranged on the enclosed-space side, a lower air flow chamber arranged on the external side, and at least one array of thermoelectric chips sandwiched directly between the upper chamber and the lower chamber. Each of the chambers has a heat sink with heat sink fins and is connected to the thermoelectric chips. The control module controls the heat to be transferred from the upper chamber via the thermoelectric chips to the lower chamber in a cooling mode, and controls the heat to be transferred from the lower chamber via the thermoelectric chips to the upper chamber in a heating mode.

Abstract: Provided is a low friction, self-lubricating sleeve for use with a reciprocating piston in the compressor and/or the expander subsystem of a cryogenic cooler or other compressor type system. The sleeve is bonded to an outer surface of the piston, thereby positioning the sleeve between the piston and an inner wall of a piston cylinder. The sleeve is manufactured using a polyetheretherketone base material, as well as varying percentages of carbon and/or polytetrafluoroethylene fillers. The sleeve may include a dry lubricant such as graphite or molybdenum disulfide, and may extend for all or part of the length of the piston. The sleeve demonstrates negligible wear over thousands of hours of use in the cryogenic cooler, thereby minimizing system gas blow-back and maximizing system efficiency/performance.

Abstract: The subject invention pertains to a method and apparatus for an orientation independent compressor. The subject compressor can be part of a vapor compression cycle system, and can use one or more of a variety of working fluids, including, but not limited to, refrigerants such as r-134a, r-22, CO2, and NH3. Embodiments of the compressor can utilize positive displacement means to compress the vapor. In a specific embodiment, the compressor can incorporate an oil-lubricated rotary lobed type positive displacement compressor. In a further specific embodiment, the working fluid can be a refrigerant, such as r-134a, incorporating entrained oil, such as miscible lubricating oils. An example of such a miscible lubricating oil that can be used is polyester (POE) oil.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and equipment for dispersing the air flowing out of air conditioning systems and mixing it with the ambient air of the enclosure to be conditioned. The quick mixing of the conditioned air jets will create better comfortable feeling of people in front of the conditioned air outlet.

Abstract: A thermal energy transfer system utilizes a composition containing one or more polyols, such as 1,3-propanediol, and one or more ionic liquids as a thermal energy transfer composition. There is also provided a method of transferring thermal energy and a process for temperature adjustment, either cooling or heating, using such a composition.