Abstract: We describe a method of processing geophysical data including at least measured potential field data from a potential field survey of a surveyed region of the earth to provide a three-dimensional representation of the underlying geology of said surveyed region, the method comprising: inputting terrain-corrected potential field data for said surveyed region, said potential field data comprising data for a range of spatial wavelengths, geological features at different depths in said surveyed region being associated with different wavelengths in said range of wavelengths; filtering said potential field data by spatial wavelength to generate a first plurality of filtered sets of potential field data, each relating to a respective wavelength or range of wavelengths, each targeting geological features at a different respective said depth; processing each said filtered set of potential field data, to identify a set of spatial features comprising one or both of line spatial features and point spatial features in each

Abstract: There is provided an apparatus for injecting a tracer within a groundwater observation well, which is capable of sequentially performing a tracer test by depth by injecting the tracer to a predetermined depth within the groundwater observation well. More particularly, the present invention relates to an apparatus and method for instantaneously injecting a tracer to a groundwater well, whereby opening and closing of a container receiving the tracer is controlled by using a pneumatic cylinder and the tracer on the ground is supplied to the container, so that the tracer is repeatedly carried and injected to a specific depth in a well.

Abstract: Method for reservoir surveillance using a three-dimensional Earth Model (101) to improve and expedite the surveillance at all scales of investigation (field, reservoir, fault compartment, and individual well) and at all time steps (minutes, hours, days, months, years). The new method allows users to rapidly identify anomalous field and well performance (109) and provides capability to investigate root causes of the performance deviation from predicted (110). Animated co-rendered displays (107) of the earth model and actual (104) and simulated (105) production data enable the user to interactively determine model adjustments back at the basic level of the Earth Model, which are then propagated to a geologic model (102) and then to the reservoir simulator (103) to update it (111) in a physically constrained way.

Abstract: An automated closed loop flowback and separation system that allows automated control and remote operation of a flowback operation from a safe distance without any fluid or gas release to the atmosphere. Four-phase separation tanks allow the transport gas, well bore cuttings, produced oil, and produced water to be automatically separated and transported through process piping for reuse or sale, eliminating the need for auxiliary equipment. Flow measurement instruments, pressure transmitters, and level transmitters work in conjunction with an automated blast choke to send data to a programmable logic controller for use in calculating the erosion status of the choke restriction and adjusting the choke to compensate. The programmable logic controller works with a touch-screen or similar human-machine interface to allow remote monitoring and control or automated control of the system. The automated blast choke can vary the choke restriction opening based on the pressure differential and flow rate conditions.

Abstract: An apparatus (100) for controlling the connection speed of first and second downhole connectors (316, 146) in a subterranean well. The apparatus (100) includes a first assembly that is positionable in the well. The first assembly includes the first downhole connector (316) and a first communication medium. A second assembly includes the second downhole connector (146) and a second communication medium. The second assembly has an outer portion and an inner portion. The outer portion is selectively axially shiftable relative to an inner portion, such that upon engagement of the first assembly with the second assembly, the outer portion of the second assembly is axially shifted relative to the inner portion of the second assembly allowing the first and second downhole connectors (316, 146) to be operatively connected to each other, thereby enabling communication between the first communication medium and the second communication medium.

Abstract: A centralizing device (1) for an elongated body (16) which is located in a mousehole machine (2), the centralizing device (1) being at the upper portion of the mousehole machine (2), and the centralizing device (1) being supported and rotatable around a substantially horizontal axis of rotation (22) extending through the opening (10) of the mousehole machine, and the centralizing device (1) including two centralizing bows (24) located on radially opposite sides of the axis of rotation (22).

Abstract: Methods and systems relate to in situ combustion utilizing configurations of injection and production wells to facilitate the in situ combustion. The wells define vertically deviated lengths that have different orientations from one another. Further, heating processes such as resistive heating and cyclic steam stimulation may take place in one or both of the injection and production wells to precondition a reservoir prior to the in situ combustion.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the present disclosure provides an apparatus and method for supporting a tubing bundle during installation or removal. The apparatus includes a clamp for securing the tubing bundle to an external wireline. In various examples, the clamp is external to the tubing bundle or integral with the tubing bundle. According to one method, a tubing bundle and wireline are deployed together and the tubing bundle periodically secured to the wireline using a clamp. In another embodiment, the present disclosure provides an apparatus and method for coupling conduit segments together. A first pump obtains a sample and transmits it through a first conduit to a reservoir accessible by a second pump. The second pump further conducts the sample from the reservoir through a second conduit. In a specific example, one or more clamps are used to connect the first and/or second conduits to an external wireline.

Abstract: Methods and systems relate to generating a flow of steam and splitting the flow of steam to enable both its injection into a formation to assist in oil recovery and its introduction into a pathway where the steam is used for generating electricity and capturing carbon dioxide (CO2). At least part of the CO2 that is captured comes from burning of fuel used to generate the steam. Steam assisted gravity drainage requires the steam that is injected to have a higher pressure than the steam that is needed for CO2 capture. Exhaust steam from a steam turbine used to generate the electricity reduces pressure of the steam prior to use of the steam for capturing CO2.

Abstract: An apparatus to protect the mounting area of casing and a locating profile and optionally a sliding sleeve valve and a flow path from the outside of the valve to the annulus when subsequent attachment of an expanded liner is intended and the expanded liner is to be cemented in place. A barrier sleeve, nose, and outer sleeve define a sealed cavity having a loose incompressible material inside that covers the mounting location on the casing. A locating profile and an optional sliding sleeve valve and a flow path from the outside of the valve to the annulus can be provided. The cementing of the casing takes place through the barrier sleeve. After the cementing, the sleeve and nose are drilled out and the incompressible material is removed to the surface with the drill cuttings. A liner is inserted in the casing and is preferably expanded into sealing contact with the mounting location on the casing.

Abstract: The present invention is a method for treating a subterranean wellbore. More specifically, the invention is a method for removing wellbore solids. A first, polymer containing fluid is placed in the solids bed. A second, viscosifying fluid is then placed into the solids bed thereby agitating the solids in the bed and causing the formation of a gel capsules when mixed with the biopolymer fluid. These gel capsules are capable of trapping or entraining the agitated solids. The gel capsules typically have a relatively high volume and a relatively low density, thereby making their removal from the wellbore easier.

Abstract: Devices, systems and methods for equalizing pressure in a gas well are provided. A jar device is coupled to a pump deployed in a gas well between areas of low pressure and high pressure. The jar device includes a mandrel and a no-go sleeve. A jarring tool is operated to transfer an axial force onto the jar device that is large enough to shear a shearable connection between the mandrel and no-go sleeve and thereby cause the mandrel to slide from a first position to a second position with respect to the no-go sleeve. A seal that seals between the no-go sleeve and mandrel when the mandrel is located in the first position is unsealed as a result of the movement of the mandrel and thereby fluid communication is allowed between the area of high pressure and low pressure. This allows for easier retrieval of the pump.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a thermothickening composition comprising: a surfactant; and a thermothickening polymer that is the product of at least the following monomers: a non-ionic hydrosoluble unsaturated amide monomer; an ionic monomer; and an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid half ester having a heat sensitive functional group.

Abstract: A method for heating a subsurface formation includes applying heat from a plurality of heaters to at least a portion of the subsurface formation. A portion of one or more of the heaters are allowed to move relative to the heaters respective wellhead using sliding seals to accommodate thermal expansion of the heaters.

Abstract: An embodiment of an assembly for setting an inflatable packer within a wellbore comprises a coiled tubing, an inflatable packer to be set in a wellbore, a back pressure valve, and a drain valve operable to allow fluid flow therepast and prevent inadvertent inflation of the inflatable packer.

Abstract: A cementing tool for use in a well has a housing and a closing sleeve received thereabout. An operating sleeve is received in the housing and is interconnected with the closing sleeve so that movement in the operating sleeve will cause the closing sleeve to move. The closing sleeve is detachably connected to the housing and is movable from the first or open position to a second or closed position in which it covers cementing ports defined in the housing. The tool has a plurality of lock rings that are moved with the closing sleeve. A plurality of locking grooves are adapted to receive the lock rings such that the engagement of any of the lock rings with any of the locking grooves will prevent the closing sleeve from moving out of the closed position.

Abstract: A method of cooling a gaseous hydrocarbon stream (10) such as natural gas comprising at least the steps of: (a) sourcing the gaseous hydrocarbon stream (10) in an underwater pipeline (12) to a hydrocarbon facility at sea (18); (b) cooling the gaseous hydrocarbon stream (10) against one or more cooling streams (40) to remove heat from the gaseous hydrocarbon stream (10), and so provide a cooler hydrocarbon stream (20) and one or more warmer cooling streams (30); (c) using the heat of at least one warmer cooling stream (30) to heat the gaseous hydrocarbon stream (10) being sourced in the pipeline (12).

Abstract: A well intervention system is described which has a riser access drive adapted to be located below a vessel, or a rig, work floor. The riser is tensioned and extends from a subsea wellhead to the access device which, in use, is attached to the riser at the location below the work floor. Embodiments of the invention are described.

Abstract: An annular seal assembly for forming a seal between two annular surfaces. The seal assembly includes an annular base including a sealing surface. The seal assembly also includes a pair of spaced apart rims extending from the annular base opposite the base sealing surface and in opposite directions, the rims also including sealing surfaces. The base is elastically deformable and the rims are elastically deformable relative to the base to effect a self-energized seal between the two annular surfaces.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for diverting fluids either into or from a well are described. Some embodiments include a diverter conduit that is located in a bore of a tree. The invention relates especially but not exclusively to a diverter assembly connected to a wing branch of a tree. Some embodiments allow diversion of fluids out of a tree to a subsea processing apparatus followed by the return of at least some of these fluids to the tree for recovery. Alternative embodiments provide only one flowpath and do not include the return of any fluids to the tree. Some embodiments can be retrofitted to existing trees, which can allow the performance of a new function without having to replacing the tree. Multiple diverter assembly embodiments are also described.

Abstract: An in-well ESP string that can be installed or retrieved with a wireline instead of a rig. The ESP is combined with a motor and a hydraulic valve to pump formation fluid from a well to the surface. A wet connector is used to facilitate electrical and hydraulic connections. The ESP system is disposed within a tubing string located within the casing of a well. The hydraulic valve controls the flow of formation fluid to the ESP, opening to allow formation fluid to flow to the ESP, and closing to shut off production. When the valve is closed, the ESP may be cleaned with brine introduced via a flow port in the valve. This cleaning operation allows the ESP string to be to retrieved in an environmentally friendly manner. In addition, the wireline installation and retrieval is significantly less costly and less complicated than currently possible with a rig.

Abstract: The present invention provides a sealing device for sealing a casing comprising: a housing with an outside diameter, a core inside the housing; at least two sealing segments in slidable engagement with the core to change the outside diameter of the sealing device on at least one position of the sealing device; and at least two wedges in slidable engagement with the core and the sealing segments to seal the sealing device against the casing.

Abstract: A technique enables failsafe control over actuators used to actuate downhole tools. The technique may utilize a well system having a tool with an adjustable member. An actuation mechanism serves as a fail-as-is mechanism and works in cooperation with the adjustable member. The actuation member is shiftable upon receiving a predetermined input; however the actuation member does not move the adjustable member upon each shift. Once the actuation member has been shifted the requisite number of times to move the adjustable member to another position, at least one subsequent shift of the actuation member is not able to cause movement of the adjustable member. The result is a fail-as-is technique for ensuring the tool is not inadvertently actuated to another operational position.

Abstract: A method for reverse circulating a tool upwardly through a wellbore, the method including: providing a manipulator tool including an upper end and a lower end, conveying the manipulator tool down hole to a position adjacent a downhole tool, using the manipulator tool to manipulate the downhole tool, and reversing fluid flow through the well to create a pressure differential about at least one of the manipulator tool and the downhole tool such that the at least one of the manipulator tool and the downhole tool is lifted upwardly through the wellbore. A manipulator tool for use in a reverse circulating method is also described as are a tool catcher, a tool catching assembly and a tool catching method.

Abstract: A shearing tool for shearing, trimming, or reducing objects being pulled through a drill string and methods for retrieving retrievable tools with fins from the drill string, where the retrievable tools must pass through restrictions in the drill string having interior diameters less than the outer diameters of the fins. The fins, affixed to the retrievable tools, provide stability to the tools, while within the drill string, and can be made of rubber, plastic, other shearable materials, or combinations thereof. The apparatuses and methods include inserting a shearing tool with a flange into a box end of a section of drill string, where the flange keeps the shearing tool in place. The shearing tool further comprising a cutting surface for cutting materials pulled through the shearing tool.

Abstract: A hybrid junction assembly is provided. The hybrid junction assembly may comprise a junction body configured to sealingly couple to a first control line and a second control line. In addition, the assembly may include a transfer conduit configured to fit within a hybrid control line such that an annulus is formed between the transfer conduit and the hybrid control line. The first control line and the transfer conduit may form a first communication pathway and the second control line and the annulus may form a second communication pathway. The transfer conduit and the hybrid control line may be sealingly coupled to the junction body.

Abstract: A downhole tubular connector comprising a first body portion and a seal provided on the first body portion, the seal being adapted to selectively provide a seal with a downhole tubular, the downhole tubular connector further comprises a seal protector, wherein one of the seal protector and seal is movable with respect to the other of the seal protector and seal, the seal protector or seal being movable from a first position, in which at least a portion of the seal is protected by a first end of the seal protector, to a second position, in which the portion of the seal is exposed. The seal protector may be disposed so as to be movable from the first position to the second position by contact of the sleeve with the downhole tubular as the downhole tubular connector is brought into engagement with the downhole tubular.

Abstract: A hydraulic connector to provide a fluidic connection between a fluid supply and a downhole tubular, the connector comprising: a body; an engagement assembly comprising an extendable portion selectively extendable from the body, the engagement assembly being configured to extend and retract a seal assembly disposed at a distal end of the extendable portion into and from a proximal end of the downhole tubular; and a valve assembly operable between an open position and a closed position, the valve assembly being configured to: allow a fluid to communicate between the fluid supply and the downhole tubular through the seal assembly when in the open position; and prevent fluid communication between the fluid supply and the downhole tubular when in the closed position.

Abstract: An expandable casing with enhanced collapse resistance and sealing capability. An expandable tubular for use in a subterranean well includes multiple recesses extending into a wall of the tubular, with the recesses being longitudinally spaced apart along the wall. A method of expanding tubulars in a subterranean well includes the steps of: expanding a tubular in the well, the tubular including multiple recesses extending into a wall of the tubular; and after the expanding step, allowing the wall of the tubular to retract radially inward more at each of the recesses than between the recesses.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the present disclosure provides an apparatus and method for supporting a tubing bundle during installation or removal. The apparatus includes a clamp for securing the tubing bundle to an external wireline. In various examples, the clamp is external to the tubing bundle or integral with the tubing bundle. According to one method, a tubing bundle and wireline are deployed together and the tubing bundle periodically secured to the wireline using a clamp. In another embodiment, the present disclosure provides an apparatus and method for coupling conduit segments together. A first pump obtains a sample and transmits it through a first conduit to a reservoir accessible by a second pump. The second pump further conducts the sample from the reservoir through a second conduit. In a specific example, one or more clamps are used to connect the first and/or second conduits to an external wireline.

Abstract: An apparatus to protect the mounting area of casing and a locating profile and optionally a sliding sleeve valve and a flow path from the outside of the valve to the annulus when subsequent attachment of an expanded liner is intended and the expanded liner is to be cemented in place. A barrier sleeve, nose, and outer sleeve define a sealed cavity having a loose incompressible material inside that covers the mounting location on the casing. A locating profile and an optional sliding sleeve valve and a flow path from the outside of the valve to the annulus can be provided. The cementing of the casing takes place through the barrier sleeve. After the cementing, the sleeve and nose are drilled out and the incompressible material is removed to the surface with the drill cuttings. A liner is inserted in the casing and is preferably expanded into sealing contact with the mounting location on the casing.

Abstract: A system in some embodiments includes a tool for setting an annular seal, including an inner body, wherein the inner body is configured to rotate about a longitudinal axis of the tool and is configured to bias a retaining ring, a first outer body coaxial with the longitudinal axis and configured to couple to a portion of a mineral resource system, and a second outer body coaxial with the longitudinal axis, wherein the second outer body is coupled to the first outer body, and the second outer body is configured to move along the longitudinal axis to bias the annular seal.

Abstract: A method is disclosed of creating an annular seal around a tubular element for use in a wellbore. The method comprises providing at least one seal layer of a flexible sealing material susceptible to swelling upon contact with a selected fluid, the seal layer having a first edge and a second edge, and helically winding each seal layer around the tubular element so that the first and second edges extend opposite each other along the tubular element and so that the first and second edges seal relative to each other upon swelling of the flexible sealing material. The tubular element is lowered into the wellbore, and the selected fluid is allowed to contact each seal layer so as to induce swelling of the flexible sealing material whereby the first and second edges seal relative to each other.

Abstract: A gardening and landscaping tool may include a handle attached to a blade, with the blade being bent at an angle relative to the handle. The tool may be useful for removing weeds, unwanted grass, plants, and the like. The tool may use a pushing/sliding force to slide the blade at or just below the surface. The blade may include a sharp edge that may cut through the ground with ease.

Abstract: A drill includes a housing and a motor coupled to an output member by a transmission. The transmission can selectively couple the output member to an output spindle through a low speed output gear or a high speed output gear for rotating the output spindle at a first speed or a second speed, respectively. Alternatively or additionally, a low speed mode can be provided by actuating an electronic switch that limits the speed of the motor. A rotatably fixed hammer member and a rotatable hammer member can be mounted around the output spindle. A mode collar can be rotatably mounted on the housing and around the output member for movement to positions that correspond to various mode of operation, including a low speed mode, a high speed mode, and a hammer-drilling mode. In the hammer-drilling mode, the transmission operates in the high speed mode.

Abstract: A hand-operated drive-in power tool for fastening elements is disclosed. The tool has a drive arrangement for a drive-in ram displaceably arranged in a guide, which has at least one drive element for the drive-in ram made at least partially of an elastomer that is tensible via a tensioning device. To improve the drive-in power tool, a heating device for the at least one elastomer drive element is provided.

Abstract: A striking mechanism includes a working space whose first section is surrounded by a first electromagnet and whose second section is surrounded by a second electromagnet; a striking element that can move along a striking axis inside the working space and that has a magnetizable material; an anvil whose striking surface delimits the working space in the striking direction and which protrudes into the first magnetic coil and which is made of a magnetically soft material. A spring element is provided which exerts a force onto the striking element in every position in the working space in the direction of the anvil.

Abstract: A hand-held power tool is proposed, having a drive device for driving a tool, which is arranged in a housing of the power tool. A handle of the power tool, which is movably connected to the housing of the power tool, is vibration-damped by a movable compensating element. For this purpose, the movable compensating element is operatively connected to the handle and/or the housing of the power tool by a deflecting system.

Abstract: It is an object of the invention to improve vibration reduction of an auxiliary handle for a hand-held power tool. According to the invention, a representative elongate auxiliary handle 121 to be mounted to a tool body 103 of a power tool 101 includes a handle body 123 that is fixedly mounted to the tool body 103 and an elongate grip 125. The grip 125 has a grip region on its outer surface to be held by a user, and the grip 125 is mounted to the handle body 123 via elastic elements 133 in between a middle region of the grip region in its longitudinal direction and an end of the grip which is remote from the tool body 103.

Abstract: Improving vibration reduction of a handle in a hand-held power tool by performing a predetermined operation on a workpiece by linear movement of a tool bit in an axial direction. The power tool includes a power tool body, a handle and a vibration-proofing part. The vibration-proofing part includes an elastic element that is disposed between the power tool body and the handle and reduces transmission of vibration from the power tool body to the handle, and also includes a body-side receiving part and a handle-side receiving part which are opposed to each other so as to hold the elastic element. The vibration-proofing part is designed such that deformation of the elastic element is shearing deformation in each of the direction of a z-axis defined along the axial direction of the tool bit and the directions of a y-axis and an x-axis which intersect with the z-axis.

Abstract: An optical control is disclosed which is particularly suitable for application as a switching device, regulating device or sensor device for a power tool. At least two optical waveguides are provided one of which being configured as a transmitting waveguide is coupled to a light source, a second one of which being configured as a receiving waveguide cooperating therewith is coupled to an evaluation circuitry. Both waveguides cooperate with a control element that is movable at least between two positions in which light signals of different magnitude are transmitted from the transmitting waveguide into the receiving waveguide.

Abstract: A regulator for a power tool for tightening a fastener in order to unite two or more pieces into a joint. The regulator regulates the power tool when tightening the fastener such that the fastener is tightened to a predetermined target. The regulator calculates an output signal to the power tool, which output signal is based on the product of the torque exerted by the power tool on the fastener and the angle for turning the fastener about its axis. The output signal is used for tightening the fastener to the predetermined target. The regulator is also applicable to a power tool for a rivet joint.

Abstract: A machine-tool spindle head makes it possible to prevent the size of the entire device from increasing and can easily control drive motors compared to a related device. A machine-tool spindle 1 head includes a spindle unit 4 and a fork-shaped support head 5. The spindle unit 4 rotationally drives a spindle 3 to whose end a tool 2 is mounted. The support head 5 supports the spindle unit 4 and includes a pair of fork arms 7 rotatably supporting a pair of support shafts 6. The spindle head 1 includes a drive shaft 8, a drive motor 9, and a pair of drive transmission mechanisms 10. The drive shaft 8 is rotatably supported in the support head 5 and extends parallel to an axial direction of the support shafts 6. The drive motor 9 rotationally drives the drive shaft 8. The drive transmission mechanisms 10 connect end portions of the drive shaft 8 and the respective support shafts 6 to each other, and transmit rotation of the drive motor 9 to the support shafts 6.

Abstract: An electrical line is to be insulated from fluid or corrosive media penetrating along the electrical line in an advantageous and cost-effective manner from the standpoint of production engineering. The electrical line having an electrically conductive inner conductor and an insulating jacket surrounding it includes a sealing element, which is disposed on the insulating jacket in a spring-back manner via a first subsection, and which covers the inner conductor across a partial length via a second subsection. The sealing element contains a soluble, in particular fluid sealant, which is pressed into the individual conductors of the inner conductor implemented as stranded wire, and cures in a sealing manner. The electrical line is used, for example, in the automotive industry for a cable harness plug.

Abstract: A waterproof enclosure includes a first enclosure section and a second enclosure section. The first enclosure section has an opening along which a gasket is provided. The gasket has a body section and a lip section protruding from the body section. The second enclosure section is disposed opposite the first enclosure section. The second enclosure section has a planar surface and an inclined surface. The inclined surface of the second enclosure contacts the lip section of the gasket, and the body section of the gasket contacts the planar surface of the second enclosure section.

Abstract: A bump structure with multiple layers may include a first layer electrically connected to a protective substrate hermetically packaging a base substrate, the first layer allowing the base substrate and the protective substrate to be spaced apart from each other at a predetermined distance; and a second layer electrically connected to the first layer, the second layer being eutectically bonded on a surface of the base substrate. The first layer may have a melting point higher than a eutectic temperature of the second layer and the base substrate. When using a bump structure with multiple layers, it is possible to secure a space in which a micro-structure such as a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) device on a base substrate may be driven. Further, it is possible to prevent a contact between adjacent structures or electrodes from being generated due to diffusion of a bonding material in a hermetical packaging process.

Abstract: An electrical box cover includes a frame securable to an electrical box. The frame defines an opening to permit access to the electrical box. A lid is pivotally mounted to the frame and movable between an open and closed position. A lid biasing device is disposed between the lid and the frame, the lid biasing device urging the lid away from the closed position. A latch is disposed on the frame and movable between a latched and unlatched position. The latch, when in the latched position, engages the lid and retaining the lid in the closed position. When the latch is in the unlatched position, the lid biasing device lifts at least a portion of the lid at least partially above the frame.

Abstract: An exemplary high-voltage outdoor bushing is disclosed which includes a conductor extended along an axis, a condenser core and an electrically insulating polymeric weather protection housing molded on the condenser core. The condenser core can contain an electrically insulating tape which is wound in spiral form around the conductor. Capacitance grading insertions can be arranged between successive windings of the tape. A cured polymeric insulating matrix embeds the wound tape and the capacitive grading insertions. A moisture diffusion barrier can be incorporated inside the condenser core prior to molding the weather protection housing.

Abstract: A method for producing an aqueous absorptive polymer-containing resin composition in which a resin composition is doped with an aqueous absorptive polymer includes causing the aqueous absorptive polymer to absorb and be swollen by water beforehand, and milling and microparticulating the water-absorbed and -swollen absorptive polymer at an ultrasonic flow pressure of not less than 50 MPa.

Abstract: A core for an electrical conductor. The core includes an inner core component, an intermediate cladding component and an outer cladding component. The inner core component comprises a plurality of glass based stranded members in a first resin matrix. The intermediate cladding component surrounds the inner core component and comprises a plurality of carbon stranded members in a second resin matrix. The outer cladding component surrounds the intermediate cladding component and comprises a plurality of glass based stranded members in a third resin matrix. The first resin matrix and the second resin matrix are substantially independent of each other, meeting at a boundary. An electrical conductor as well as a manufacturing method is likewise disclosed.