Abstract: The invention pertains to a support rail for a solar collector, i.e., a rail for accommodating and mounting a solar collector.

Abstract: This invention relates to a building cladding for inclined surfaces such as for a sloped roof. More specifically, this invention relates to a building cladding that is passively responsive to sun elevation angles, is multi-functional, and is substantially uniformly ornamental when viewed from common viewing positions. The cladding is predominantly comprised of pairs of substantially horizontal and vertical surfaces extended horizontally and repeated vertically or along the incline of the building substrate. Substantially horizontal surfaces may be adapted for absorbing solar energy, reflecting solar energy, generating electricity from solar energy, converting solar energy into another form of energy, and or ornamentally matching substantially vertical surfaces.

Abstract: A photovoltaic roofing tile has a substrate, a photovoltaic laminate positioned over the substrate, and a fire suppression material arranged proximate a first end of the substrate. A plurality the photovoltaic roofing tiles are arranged on a roof deck in an overlapping relationship.

Abstract: A silicone seal for surrounding and sealing an object has spaced thick beads and a rigid ring positioned between the beads. When the silicone seal is slid on the object, the silicone is compressed between the ring and the object and between the beads and the object. A plate has a flat base and an angular raised central portion with a ledge at an angle to the base. The silicone continues downward from the seal through a flexible middle to an enlarged part which has a complementary ledge that is seated on the plate ledge. An end of the large part is joined to the plate inward of the ledge.

Abstract: A cable end anchorage for fastening at least one cable at a supporting structure includes at least one first connecting element for connection with the supporting structure, at least one second connecting element for connection with the cable and at least one coupling element for connection of the two connecting elements in a force-transmitting manner. In the region of the coupling element, an overload device designed as a predetermined breaking point of the coupling element is provided for unfastening the connection between the two connecting elements when a critical load has been exceeded. A stop device is provided for limiting the relative motion of the connecting elements after unfastening of the connection when a critical load has been exceeded.

Abstract: A lap trim system and method is disclosed. In a particular embodiment, the system includes a pair of flanges joined along a longitudinal edge and extending generally at a right angle to each other and adapted to cover a corner formed by a plurality of pieces of overlapping siding. In addition, the system includes a rear surface along a free edge of each flange having at least one shoulder protruding from the rear surface of each flange in profile, where the at least one shoulder of each flange is adapted to fit along a lower edge of at least one piece of the plurality of pieces of overlapping siding.

Abstract: The present invention relates to improvements in or relating to insulating panels. In particular, the present invention relates to an insulating panel comprising heat-exchanging and ventilation means for use in buildings. We describe an insulating and ventilating system for a roof or a wall comprising such an insulating panel having at least one internal longitudinal flue divided by a heat-transfer element; and an insulating panel and its use in a roof structure or wall cavity.

Abstract: A roof membrane is disclosed, for use in simulating a standing seam metal roof when applied to a roof surface and a roof system is also provided, that employs the roof membrane, disposed between longitudinal, but spaced-apart, generally parallel roof battens. Underlayments of various constructions are also provided, beneath the membrane, as an option. Caps are provided for upstanding legs of the roof battens.

Abstract: A hail-resistant roofing membrane includes a flexible waterproof polymeric layer of material, a flexible layer of non-woven fabric joined throughout the area of a first surface thereof to the polymeric layer, and a flexible layer of foam material joined throughout the area of a first surface thereof to a second surface of the layer of non-woven fabric, the layer of foam material being adapted for attachment to a roof surface throughout the area of a second surface of the layer of foam material. The roofing membrane is adapted for attachment to an existing roof structure. A method for making the membrane includes binding the polymeric layer, the non-woven fabric layer, and the layer of foam material together with the fabric layer disposed between the polymeric layer and the foam material.

Abstract: In an aluminium facade cladding having brick or ceramic cladding appearance, adapted to be mounted on a building and comprising at least one panel (10) and at least one connection component, it is foreseen that said panel (10) comprises a wing and an indent that are both formed in upper part of said panel (10), a post formed to make a right angle with said indent, a first arm (13) extending horizontally at a right angle from the lower part of the panel (10), a first wall (14) extending vertically and downwardly from said first arm (13), a second arm (15) extending horizontally from the bottom of said first wall (14), second wall (16) extending vertically and downwardly from said second arm (15) and a knob (17) formed at the free end of the second stair (16) and adapted to be received in the indent (12.2) of an adjacent similar panel (10.1).

Abstract: Disclosed is an economical and effective way of producing a double sided decorative wall using facing panels having a decorative face surface, in particular dry cast concrete panels having a regular surface structure, more preferably an embossed surface, most preferably a patterned surface. Further disclosed are wall components and a wall kit for a double sided decorative wall. The facing panels in the wall are stacked in a back-to-back arrangement into a pair of first and second back-to-back walls, which walls are interconnected by connectors which link at least one facing panel in the first wall to at least one facing panel in the second wall for forming the double sided decorative wall. The connecting members can be in individual connectors, or a combination of connectors for linking multiple facing panels or linking facing panels at corners or curves in the wall. The connectors can be of different length to enable the construction of decorative walls of different thickness.

Abstract: An interlocking tile system comprises tiles that has a body, interlocking cap structure with a first surface and a second surface; a first curved portion connecting the first surface with a radius of R1 to the second engaging surface with a radius of R2, wherein R1>R2; and a stem supporting the cap structure. The cap is a mushroom-like shape. Such configuration of the connector aids in installation by lessening instances of binding and align and guide the caps into their corresponding receiving areas. The tiles are preferably square, and are connected along all four sides.

Abstract: An assembly and method for mounting a platform or deck to a number of support posts is disclosed. Each corner of the deck includes an open ended slot and an aperture above the slot. Each of the support posts includes a pair of holes arranged in corresponding fashion with the slot and aperture of the deck. Fasteners are partially inserted into one of at least two holes of the support posts such that the deck can simply be lowered onto the fasteners such that the fasteners are engaged by the slots of the deck and the deck may rest securely thereon. Finally, the installer can insert fasteners through the aperture and first hole and finish tightening the other fasteners to completely secure the deck to the support posts.

Abstract: A method of reinforcing a previously existing structure comprising the steps of constructing a ring foundation surrounding and reinforcing a previously existing foundation. Thereafter, securing reinforcing wall panel assemblies to previously existing wall structures with the wall panel assemblies being external to and secured to upright members of the previously existing wall structures and supported by the ring foundation. Securing platform segments forming reinforcing floor assemblies to upright structural elements of the reinforcing wall panel assemblies, the platform segments being supported by previously existing floor structures during assembly of the platform segments and attachment of the platform segments to the reinforcing wall panel assemblies. Then removing the previously existing floor structures.

Abstract: A roof panel structure having a purlin comprising a truss, the truss having a substantially horizontally disposed top surface. A nailer board is attached to the top surface, and a first subpurlin is attached to the nailer board and is extends at least partly along the top surface such that the first subpurlin is arranged to be supported by the top surface. The nailer board is arranged vertically on the top surface.

Abstract: A cover for encasing threaded rod extending from structural concrete. The cover is in the shape of a cylindrical body having a length at least as long as that portion of the receiving bar extending from the structural concrete and having a diameter larger than that of the threaded rod.

Abstract: A construction panel including at least first, second, and third oriented stranded board (OSB) materials in sheet form adhesively glued together in a back to back arrangement. The construction panel can be used as a wood door core. A wood veneer covering or other exterior covering can be placed over the core as desired. The door construction may include rails along the top and the bottom of the core, and stiles along the side of the core. A method of assembling a construction panel wherein three panels of oriented stranded board (OSB) material in sheet form are glued together in a back to back arrangement. In one method, the two outermost faces of the panel are sanded or otherwise processed to smooth out imperfections on the front and rear faces.

Abstract: An integrated lancing test strip includes a test strip and a lancet packet coupled to the test strip. The lancet packet includes a sterility sheet enclosing a lancet to maintain the sterility of the lancet and prevent cross-contamination between the test strip and the lancet. The sterility sheet allows the lancet to be sterilized separately from the test strip. The sterility sheet gives the integrated strip a low profile, which is attractive for packaging multiple integrated strips in cassettes, drums, magazines or the like. In one form, the integrated strip is loaded in a meter that includes an adjustment mechanism that adjusts the position of the test strip relative to the skin being sampled. This allows the user to adjust the position of the test strip so as to not apply excessive pressure against skin, which could hamper bleeding from the incision in the skin.

Abstract: The supply group of a packing band from reels, with an automatic change of the reel, for an object-packing machine, comprises a supply track (13) along which the packing band runs to the zone of use(45) thereof, means for transversally cutting (14) the band (11) located at a start of the supply track, means (17A) for supporting a first reel (12A) of the band (11A) of slim packing material and means (17B) for supporting a second reel (12B) of band (11B) of slim packing material. The group comprises a first entry track (20A) of the first band (11A) from the first reel (12A) to the supply track (13), a second entrance track (20B) of the second band (11B) from the second reel (12B) to the supply track (13), first means for advancing (21A) for introducing or extracting the front end of the first band (11A) to or from the supply track (13), second means for advancing (21B) for introducing or extracting a front end (HB) of the second band (11B) into or from the supply track (13).

Abstract: A method for generating a medication regimen of a patient is disclosed. The method comprises receiving a plurality of prescriptions for the patient, wherein a prescription of the plurality of prescriptions indicates a medication and a frequency for administering a dose of the medication. The method further comprises mapping a plurality of doses of one or more medications to a prescription calendar based on the frequencies indicated in the plurality of prescriptions and determining a schedule for administering a plurality of doses of different medications corresponding to each prescription of the plurality of prescriptions based on the calendar and constraints regarding administering the plurality of doses.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for debanding a compressible bundle. The apparatus includes an End of Arm Tooling (EAT) component which is moved vertically downward over the bundle to a position where holding arms of the EAT component are manipulated to pick up and hold the bundle. At this position, one or more indenters of the EAT component are pressed into an upper surface of the bundle form a trough in the bundle that crosses under a band which surrounds the bundle. A cutting knife assembly of the EAT component is actuated to slide linearly along a longitudinal direction of the trough to cut the band without contacting the surface of the bundle, thereby enabling the band to drop away from the bundle. As a result, the bundle can be debanded without damaging the bags.

Abstract: A cassette (3) for dispensing bags from an elongated tubing (32) comprising an annular receptacle (38) accommodating a length of tubing (32) in an accumulated condition. An annular opening at an upper end of the annular receptacle (38) is for dispensing the tubing (32). The annular receptacle (38) defines a central opening (34) through which a knotted end (40) of the tubing (32) passes to form a bag supported by the annular receptacle (38) with disposable objects passing through the circular central opening (34) to be received in the bag, and a clearance (41) only at a bottom of the central opening (34).

Abstract: A hoof boot has a base, a heel captivator, and a pivoting mechanism that disposes the heel captivator to pivot relative to the base, preferably in a manner that allows the heel captivator at least three degrees of freedom of movement relative to the base. The heel captivator is preferably low in the rearmost portion, which provides clearance for the pastern bones of the equine lower leg to descend upon weight bearing during movement at various gaits. To reduce the possibility for bruising and chaffing of soft tissue around the pastern bones, and to help eliminate accumulation of debris, preferred heel captivators have an open mesh architecture. Heel captivators can alternatively or additionally be designed with fabric covered neoprene or other liners. Boots are preferably tightened using mechanically advantages laces.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a ring filter element (1), particularly a ring filter element (1) of an air filter for an internal combustion engine, having a filter body (2) comprising a filter material, and at least one sealing end disk (11) disposed on the face thereof. For this purpose an inner frame (4) is disposed on an interior peripheral surface (3) of the filter body (2) for reinforcing the filter body (2), wherein an inside diameter of the end disk (11) is at least as great as an inside diameter of the inner frame (4) such that the same is not covered radially toward the interior by the sealing material of the end disk (11).

Abstract: A variable speed control apparatus 240 is provided for controlling a self-propelled speed of a mowing machine 20 including an operational trigger 38 and a variable speed transmission 44. The variable speed control apparatus 240 includes a body 254 and a cable 242 coupled between the operational trigger 38 and the variable speed transmission 44, and a control lever 268 is rotatably coupled to the body 254 for rotational movement between a first position 70 and a second position 72. A cable tensioner 84 is operatively coupled to the control lever 268 and adapted to translate rotational motion of the control lever 268 to the cable coupler 86. Movement of the control lever 268 towards a first portion relatively decreases tension in the cable 242, and movement towards a second tensioner position relatively increases tension in the cable 242.

Abstract: A trigger 52a control apparatus is provided for operating a transmission 44 of a self-propelled mowing machine 20 via a cable 42 between a halt condition and an advancement condition. The trigger 52a control apparatus includes a housing 100, and a plurality of independently operable triggers 52a rotatably coupled to the housing 100 for movement between an engaged and a disengaged position 104. Each trigger 52a includes an operation member 108a. A cam 114 is rotatably coupled to the housing 100 about a cam rotation axis 116 and operatively coupled to the cable 42, wherein rotation of the cam 114 in a first direction relatively increases tension in the cable 42. An actuation member 138 is coupled to the cam 114 a distance from the cam rotation axis 116.

Abstract: An accessory drive attachment is provided. The accessory drive attachment may be attached to a lawnmower that has a hydrostatic transmission. The transmission system of the lawnmower may be used to drive a shaft of the accessory drive attachment. An accessory such as a leaf blower, air compressor, pressure washer, or electric generator may be attached to the accessory drive attachment and driven by the shaft.

Abstract: The attachment of a feeder reel, also called a crop conditioner, to the front of a stripper header to accomplish the harvesting of crops with bent stems and stems on the ground that were unable to be harvested with only the stripper header. Attaching the feeder reel to a movable framework attached to the stripper header to allow for different positions is required to efficiently harvest different crops and different crop conditions. The feeder reel directs the crop stem into the stripper.

Abstract: A resin-impregnated, structural fiber rope includes a plurality of tows disposed in a bundle, each of the plurality of tows including a plurality of structural fibers, and uncured polymeric resin impregnated into the bundle. Each of the plurality of structural fibers defines an angle with respect to a central axis of the rope of no more than about 10 degrees.

Abstract: An air compressor is driven by a steam engine that generates power using steam. The steam is supplied to the steam engine through a steam supply path, and the steam is exhausted through a steam exhaust path. The steam from the steam engine is supplied to a steam using device through a steam header. The usage load of the steam is monitored by a pressure sensor arranged in the steam header. The compressed air from the air compressor is supplied to a compressed air using device through a compressed air path. The usage load of the compressed air is monitored by a pressure sensor arranged on the compressed air path. The steam supply to the steam engine is controlled based on the usage load of the steam and the usage load of the compressed air.

Abstract: A noise reducing device in a jet engine that has a cylindrical casing, a cylindrical partition wall that is inserted in the casing while protruding partially from a trailing edge of the casing, and a compressor that compresses air that is taken into the cylindrical partition wall, with the inside of the cylindrical partition wall serving as a duct in which a core stream of high-speed air flows, and the space between the cylindrical partition wall and the casing serving as a duct in which a bypass stream of low-speed air flows, and being connected with a wing of an airplane by a pylon that has a projection portion that extends beyond the casing to the downstream of the core stream and the bypass stream, the noise reducing device includes a nozzle, disposed at the pylon on the downstream of the core stream, that injects a fluid toward a noise generation source that is produced from the mutual approach of an ambient air stream that is produced outside of the bypass stream and the core stream.

Abstract: The invention is for a continuous-combustion, closed-cycle, gas turbine engine with a regenerator and a displacer. It has embodiments that remove heater and cooler interior volumes during gas compression, which enable it to scale well to very large sizes. Low combustion temperatures insure very low emissions. The displacer levitated by an integral gas bearing and small clearance seal and given oscillatory translational motion by electromagnetic forces operates without surface wear. The turbine blades, subjected only to warm gases, are durable and inexpensive. Thus, this engine has a very long, continuous, maintenance-free service life. This gas turbine engine also operates without back work allowing high efficiency for both low and rated output. Pressurized encapsulation permits use of low-cost ceramics for high temperature components. The invention includes a unique monolithic ceramic heater, a compact high-capacity regenerator and a constant-power gas turbine.

Abstract: An assembly for the removal of contaminants from a contact zone between respective contact surfaces 6, 8 of a first component 2 and a second component 4. At least one of the contact surfaces has a low friction element 10 provided with grooves 12 which extend through the contact zone such that, in operation, a pressure difference across the contact zone causes contaminants entering the grooves 12 to be expelled along the grooves 12 from the contact zone.

Abstract: The method of preventing the dangers of birds entering the jet engines of an airplane during take-off and landing by rotating a portion of the jet engines cowling to a blocking position in front of the jet engine during take-off and landing and the rotating the same portion of the jet engine cowling back away from the front of the jet engine during high speed cruising at altitudes.

Abstract: This invention relates to a nuclear fusion reaction process utilizing a B-11 isotope ion spherical plasma. Said spherical plasma will be formed on roof of a ferromagnetic chromium steel hulled aircraft, utilizing two larger magnesium based aircraft. Said spherical plasma is formed by raising a pyramid shaped device with a slotted glass ball electrode on top, on roofs of said air-craft. Only the smaller craft will utilize the fusion fuels, B-11 isotope ion and H-1 atom, in forming said spherical plasmas. The two larger craft will apply pressure toward smaller craft, and coalesce their plasmas into the smaller plasma. By forming this induced magnetic field, an electron current existing in larger applied magnetic field, is raised to middle of smaller aircraft spherical plasma. Ignition can be accomplished with land based neutral beam, FIG. 15. Produced energetic charged particles, electric energy, can be stored within craft plasma vortices and beamed to power stations.

Abstract: An exhaust system for an internal combustion engine, having a first exhaust tract assigned to a first group of cylinders of the internal combustion engine, and having a second exhaust tract assigned to a second group of cylinders of the internal combustion engine, each exhaust tract comprising an exhaust gas purification device, a first silencer arranged on the outlet side of the respective exhaust gas purification device, and a second silencer arranged on the outlet side of the respective first silencer. Each exhaust tract includes a bypass line, it being possible for exhaust gas to be diverted via each bypass line, starting from the respective first silencer, bypassing the second silencers, and the bypass lines and hence the first silencers of both exhaust tracts being connected to one another by a mixing line.

Abstract: A method for adjusting an exhaust gas recycling rate in an internal combustion engine exhaust gas recycling system, comprising: arranging the exhaust gas recycling system in at least one of a fresh gas line, an exhaust gas line, and an exhaust gas recycling line of the internal combustion engine; actuating at least one additional valve; adjusting the at least one additional valve temporarily by changing the operation of the internal combustion engine based on an exhaust gas rate associated with a current operating point of the internal combustion engine; diagnosing the at least one additional valve; and evaluating the change of at least one engine operating parameter dependent on the exhaust gas recycling rate.

Abstract: A heat exchanging system suitable for use in an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) circuit comprises a split EGR heat exchanger arrangement. Exhaust gas is used to warm engine oil via a first heat exchanger during initial stages of an engine operating cycle. In the later stages of the operating cycle, recirculated exhaust gases are diverted to flow through the second heat exchanger where they are cooled by the engine coolant.

Abstract: The adherence to future legally obligatory exhaust gas limit values for diesel vehicles in Europe, North America and Japan requires not only the removal of particles but also effective removal of nitrogen oxides from the exhaust gas (‘deNOx’). The ‘active SCR process’ is the preferred method for this. The nitrogen oxide conversions achieved by means of this process are particularly high when an optimal NO2/NOx ratio, preferably 0.5, is set upstream of the SCR catalyst. The invention proposes a process which solves the problem of supplying NO2 in accordance with requirements by means of temperature control of the precatalyst which is decoupled from the operating state of the engine.

Abstract: In a method for performing NO2-based regeneration of a diese! particulate filter (DPF) using recirculated NOx, the DPF is regenerated by oxidizing soot in the DPF with NO2 so that CO, CO2, and NO are formed, at least some NOx is recirculated from a takeoff point to a point upstream of the takeoff point. NO2 can be formed by reacting the recirculated NO with 02. During regeneration of the DPF, at least some of the NO2 that oxidizes soot in the DPF is recirculated ISI 02 or formed from recirculated NO that is reacted with 02 to form NO2. An exhaust aftertreatment system for performing NO2-based regeneration of a diesel particulate filter (DPF) using recirculated NOx is also disclosed.

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention is directed an exhaust gas treatment apparatus that can be used to treat exhaust gas streams from vehicles having gasoline engines or diesel engines, from manufacturing plants, from incineration facilities, from coal fired stations, natural gas turbines or from virtually any exhaust gas stream. In one embodiment, the invention includes a particulate matter remover, a heat exchanger, a first reactor, a second reactor and a reagent protection device for preventing communication of reagent in the second reactor with ambient air.

Abstract: An exhaust gas sensor device for detecting a concentration of at least one exhaust gas component in the exhaust gas line of an internal combustion engine is described, having at least one ChemFET for detecting the oxygen content of the exhaust gas. In addition, a corresponding engine control device and an engine control method are described.

Abstract: Systems and methods to determine conditions of a diesel particulate filter (DPF) based on correlation between predicted and actual thermal data of the fluid exiting a DPF are provided. Soot loading, ash loading, and/or DPF damage may be detected, and DPF operational models may be calibrated in accordance with such systems and methods. Further, initiation of regeneration may also be effected in accordance with such systems and methods.

Abstract: An exhaust system includes N heating elements and a particulate matter (PM) filter. The N heating elements heat N portions of an exhaust gas. At least one of the N heating elements is coated with a first selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst. The PM filter has an inlet that receives the N portions of the exhaust gas heated by the N heating elements. Each of the N portions of the exhaust gas heats a corresponding region of the inlet. N is an integer greater than 1.

Abstract: A control system comprises an exhaust treatment system, an electric heating module, and an exhaust heating module. The exhaust treatment system comprises a particulate matter (PM) filter and an electric heater. The PM filter includes M zones that receive exhaust gas of an engine and filter PM from the exhaust gas. The electric heater heats exhaust gas input to N of the M zones, wherein M is an integer greater than one and N is an integer less than M. The electric heating module activates the electric heater to heat exhaust gas input to the N zones to regenerate the N zones. The exhaust heating module heats exhaust gas input to the M zones by controlling an air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas after the N zones regenerate.

Abstract: A control device of a reducing agent supply apparatus, a reducing agent collection method, and an exhaust gas purification apparatus are provided, which can inhibit a reducing agent from leaking into an exhaust gas passageway, when performing control of collection of the reducing agent inside reducing agent supply paths.

Abstract: An exhaust gas treatment filter removes particulate matter from exhaust gas of a diesel engine. The particulate matter which accumulates on the filter is removed by a manual regeneration system that can simply be controlled. After a manual regeneration switch 22 is shifted to an ON-position, load control section 66 keeps at least one of the revolution speed N of an engine 1, the displacement volume q and discharge pressure P of a hydraulic pressure pump 11 at a corresponding first target value (N1, q1, or P1) or second target value (N2, q2, or P2) depending on a temperature of the cooling water in relation to a flame-out prevention temperature T1. A regeneration control section 67 starts the compulsory regeneration after the manual regeneration switch has been shifted to the ON-position and when the cooling water temperature is equal to or higher than T0.

Abstract: We disclose a novel filter and process that converts the wastes in automotive exhausts into carbon nanotubes. The filter surface is composed of iron of similar catalyst. The filter is placed along the pathway of exhaust streamlines preferably at an angle of more than 5° and less than 15°. The filter is heated to temperatures in the range of 200-1000° C. The filter described in this invention can work in its won or supplement existing filtration systems. The end product of this filtration system is a material that is commercially valuable. The synthesized carbon nanotubes are purified using ionic liquid solution that is capable of removing undesirable carbonated material and leaving 95% purified carbon nanotubes. The purified carbon nanotubes have a diameter of 20-50 nm and a length of 1-10 micro meters.

Abstract: An upstream cylinder (21) and a downstream cylinder (24) are fixedly mounted to a support member (19), and a filter cylinder (26) is provided mountably and dismountably between the cylinders (21) and (24). In consequence, only the filter cylinder (26) can be dismounted with the cylinders (21) and (24) left as they are on the support member (19), so that the maintenance operation of a particulate matter removing filter (28) can be performed easily. In addition, pressure conduits (32) and (33) and a pressure sensor (34) of a pressure detection unit (31) for detecting a clogged state of the particulate matter removing filter (28) are disposed at positions offset from a moving path (30) of the filter cylinder (26). In consequence, only the filter cylinder (26) can be easily mounted or dismounted without being obstructed by the pressure conduits (32) and (33) and the pressure sensor (34).

Abstract: Heat-resistant, austenitic cast steel comprising by mass 0.3-0.6% of C, 1.1-2% of Si, 1.5% or less of Mn, 17.5-22.5% of Cr, 8-13% of Ni, 1.5-4% as (W+2Mo) of at least one of W and Mo, 1-4% of Nb, 0.01-0.3% of N, 0.01-0.5% of S, the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities, and meeting the following formulae (1), (2), (3) and (4): 0.05?(C—Nb/8)?0.6 ??(1), 17.5?17.5Si—(W+2Mo) ??(2), 5.6Si+(W+2Mo)?13.7 ??(3), and 0.08Si+(C—Nb/8)+0.015Cr+0.011Ni+0.03W+0.02Mo<0.96 ??(4), wherein the symbol of each element corresponds to the amount (% by mass) of each element in the cast steel.