Abstract: This invention provides a control agent or material for biologically controlling plant diseases caused by plant pathogenic bacteria, fungi, or viruses, a method for controlling plant diseases using the same, and bacteria that can be used therefor. Also, this invention relates to a control agent or material for plant diseases comprising bacteria of the genus Bacillus capable of inhibiting infection with or proliferation of plant pathogenic bacteria, fungi, or viruses, the method for applying the same to plants, and bacteria that can be used therefor.

Abstract: The present invention provides a growth medium and kit containing a nicotine analog and use of the same in a method for enhancing the growth of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP).

Abstract: A trough lining assembly is placed in a series of troughs at a biomass processing facility. The trough lining assembly includes a waterproof liner that lies against the sides of a trough, an aerator, a nutrient line, and a retention mechanism that retains the aerator and nutrient line at the bottom of the trough. The aerator provides continuous aeration of biomass present in the trough by releasing aerating gas into the biomass along the length of the trough. The continuous aeration also churns the biomass, exposing more of it to the aerating gas and to sunlight. The nutrient line provides fertilizing nutrients to the biomass along the length of the trough. The trough lining assembly improves the efficiency of algae production by stimulating photosynthesis and consumption of carbon dioxide. The trough lining assembly has low production, transportation, installation, and maintenance costs.

Abstract: The invention relates to use of an active ionic liquid to dissolve algae cell walls. The ionic liquid is used to, in an energy efficient manner, dissolve and/or lyse an algae cell walls, which releases algae constituents used in the creation of energy, fuel, and/or cosmetic components. The ionic liquids include ionic salts having multiple charge centers, low, very low, and ultra low melting point ionic liquids, and combinations of ionic liquids.An algae treatment system is described, which processes wet algae in a lysing reactor, separates out algae constituent products, and optionally recovers the ionic liquid in an energy efficient manner.

Abstract: The present invention relates to microalgae having high efficiency and ability to remove carbon dioxide, and the use thereof. More specifically, the invention relates to Scenedesmus producto-capitatus microalgae having high carbon dioxide fixation rate and the use thereof. The microalgae of the invention have a high carbon dioxide fixation rate and excellent resistance even to high concentrations of carbon dioxide, sulfur oxide (SOx) and nitric oxide (NOx) and are rich in biomass, and thus can be advantageously used in formulations for removing carbon dioxide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the treatment of liquid effluents laden with hydrocarbons, which comprises: feeding the effluents into a treatment tank; supplying the treatment tank with a reversible sorbent having a defined particle size; mixing the effluents with the reversible sorbent in the treatment tank in order to load said reversible sorbent with the hydrocarbons in the effluents; removing the hydrocarbon-laden reversible sorbent from the top of the treatment tank; extracting the treated effluents from the bottom of the treatment tank; and separating the hydrocarbons from the laden reversible sorbent from the treatment tank.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a lysis, binding and/or wash reagent for isolating and/or purifying nucleic acids and a method for isolating and/or purifying nucleic acids.

Abstract: The present invention relates to antibodies or antibody fragments that may be displayed on the extracellular surface of the plasma membrane when expressed in a host cell. The present invention provides libraries comprising a plurality of plasma membrane displayed antibodies and methods of screening the libraries for antibodies or antibody fragments with desired characteristics.

Abstract: A histology tissue embedding apparatus including a reservoir for an embedding medium and an outlet valve connected to the reservoir through which the embedding medium is dispensable, and including trigger means which control the operation of the outlet valve, the trigger means having a rest position in which the outlet valve is closed, wherein the rest position of the trigger means in relation to the outlet valve is adjustable.

Abstract: A device is disclosed for filtering a particle to be detected from a fluid. In at least one embodiment, the device includes a substrate and, applied above it, a protective layer, a channel being disposed between them for the purpose of receiving a fluid containing different particles. In at least one embodiment, the channel extends at least partially in a spiral shape between its inlet and outlet and on its internal wall contains a coating for attracting a particle type to be filtered, which coating is applied at least on the radially outside subsection of the internal wall of the channel. Owing to the laminar longitudinal movement of the fluid inside the channel a radially outward directed centrifugal force acts on the particles, with the result that per time unit more particles come into contact with the radially outside subsection of the internal wall of the channel than the radially inside subsection of the internal wall of the channel. The filter effect is reinforced as a result.

Abstract: A sample preparation apparatus comprising: a storage chamber that can store therein a liquid sample including an analysis target to be analyzed; a concentrated sample storage chamber that is provided to communicate with the storage chamber and that stores therein concentrated liquid having an analysis target having a higher concentration than that of the liquid sample; and an analysis target transportation section for transporting the analysis target included in the liquid sample stored in the storage chamber to the concentrated sample storage chamber. A cell analyzer is also disclosed.

Abstract: A variable volume bioreactor including a rigid core associated with a light source, an outer expandable growth containment portion located concentrically about the rigid core, a lower end portion associated with an inlet to supply culture medium and an outlet, and an upper end cap with an opening therein through which the rigid core passes, wherein the outer containment portion expands as the cellular biological material contained in said portion grows and expands.

Abstract: An automated algae culture apparatus includes at least one photosynthetic reactor module and an auxiliary equipment module. The photosynthetic reactor module includes a transparent container used to contain an algae solution which includes algae. The auxiliary equipment module includes a hydraulic filter, a buffer tank and an aerator. The hydraulic filter is used to filter the algae in the algae solution, and is communicated with a water outlet of the transparent container to filter the algae by gravity force. The buffer tank is communicated with a water inlet of the transparent container. The aerator is communicated with an air inlet of the transparent container.

Abstract: An apparatus for high-throughput cell culture with mechanical compression stimulation includes a cell culture vessel and a fluid pressure supply unit. The cell culture vessel includes at least one culture chamber, at least one pressure chamber disposed above the culture chamber, a membrane disposed between the culture chamber and the pressure chamber, and at least one pressurizing member that projects downwardly from the membrane into the culture chamber. The fluid pressure supply unit is connected fluidly to the pressure chamber, and has a fluid pressure supply device to supply a pressurized fluid to the pressure chamber so as to deform the membrane and move the pressurizing member, and a control device that is adapted to vary a pressure of the pressurized fluid in the pressure chamber.

Abstract: Bioreactor with a vessel having at least one gas dissipation duct for gas discharge, the orifice of the gas dissipation duct being connected to a hydrophobic sterile filter and to a condenser arranged between them and having condensation surfaces, a turbulence generator for generating a turbulent flow is arranged in the gas dissipation duct in the region of the condenser.

Abstract: This disclosure shows that the EBV FR-element comprised of EBNA1 multimeric binding sites can provide the stable maintenance replication function to the mouse polyomavirus (PyV) core origin plasmids in the presence of BPV-1 E2 protein and PyV large T-antigen (LT).

Abstract: The present invention provides for recombinant monoclonal antibodies that bind to human colorectal and pancreatic carcinoma-associated antigens, along with nucleic acid sequences encoding the antibody chains, and the amino acid sequences corresponding to the nucleic acids, and uses for these antibodies, nucleic acids and amino acids.

Abstract: Methods of manufacturing an article use three-dimensional printing for a portion of the manufacturing. Three-dimensionally printing is conducted onto a powder bed which contains both organic-solvent-soluble, water-insoluble particles and water soluble, organic-solvent-insoluble particles. The water-soluble particles which may be selected for properties such as size and may include more than one substance. The organic-solvent-insoluble particles may further include at least one substantially insoluble substance such as a member of the calcium phosphate family. Printing may be done using an aqueous binder liquid. After removal of unbound powder, the preform may be exposed to the vapor of an organic solvent which causes the particles of organic-soluble-polymer to fuse to each other. This may further be followed by dissolving out the water-soluble particles, if such particles were present in the powder.

Abstract: The present invention features polypeptides, such as antibodies, and their use in the treatment and diagnosis of neoplasms.

Abstract: Methods and kits of releasing cells are provided. The method comprises the steps of providing cultured cells on a cell culture support comprising a multi layer polyelectrolyte coating immobilized on a substrate, and releasing the cultured cells from the cell culture support by a releasing solution comprising DMSO. The kit comprises a cell culture support and a releasing solution. The releasing solution comprises DMSO.

Abstract: Method for enhancing in a mammalian cell the activity of an enzyme associated with Gaucher Disease by administering a competitive inhibitor of glucocerebrosidase in an amount effective to enhance the activity of the enzyme. Preferred compounds for use in the method are imino sugars and related compounds. In particular, C8-12-alkyl derivatives of N-alkyl-deoxynojirimycin, isofagomine compounds, and calystegine compounds are effective to enhance glucocerebrosidase activity.

Abstract: A drug composition containing as a drug substance a polymeric guanidine derivative based on a diamine containing oxyalkylene chains between two amino groups, with the guanidine derivative representing a product of polycondensation between a guanidine acid addition salt and a diamine containing polyalkylene chains between two amino groups, as well as the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

Abstract: A particle including a matrix-forming agent and a polyelectrolyte-amphiphilic agent adduct wherein the polyelectrolyte-amphiphilic agent adduct is in physical communication with the matrix-forming agent. The particle further includes a coated magnetic field-responsive agent and a biomaterial. Methods of making the particle are provided. Also provided are methods of delivery of the biomaterial to a target cell or a target tissue including administering the particle having the matrix-forming agent, polyelectrolyte-amphiphilic agent adduct, the coated magnetic field-responsive agent and the biomaterial; providing a magnetic device associated with the target cell or the target tissue; applying a magnetic force to the particle; and guiding the particle toward the magnetic device by the magnetic force.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to identify genes exhibiting characteristic behavior in the cases of carcinoma such as oral squamous-cell carcinoma using a change of expression level of micro RNA in oral squamous-cell carcinoma as an indicator, so as to provide a method for detecting carcinoma and an agent for suppressing carcinoma. The present invention A method for detecting oral squamous-cell carcinoma, which comprises detecting malignant transformation of specimens by employing a change of expression level of micro RNA as an indicator, and an agent for suppressing oral squamous-cell carcinoma using micro RNA.

Abstract: An isolated mammalian internal mammary artery-derived cell is disclosed. Furthermore, methods of isolating the mammalian internal mammary artery-derived cell are disclosed. The cell is useful in tissue engineering technologies, specifically in vascular tissue engineering.

Abstract: To efficiently select and proliferate the mesenchymal stem cells without necessity of an exclusive separating device and a complicated separating operation, mesenchymal stem cells are cultured by seeding at least one of a bone marrow solution, an umbilical cord blood, a peripheral blood, a synovial membrane and an amniotic membrane in a liquid culture medium which is filled in a vessel, includes water as its main components and having a specific gravity between 1.06 and 1.10 g/ml at 37° C., and making a culture at a temperature 37±2° C. on a ceiling side surface of the vessel, preferably the specific gravity being regulated by use of at least one selected from silica fine powder coated by polyvinyl pyrrolidone, a water soluble copolymer of sucrose and epichlorohydrin, and a water soluble compound including a triiodo aromatic ring.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a fiber, a method of forming a fiber, a system for forming a fiber, and a method of engineering tissue from a fiber. The fiber includes an engineered geometric feature forming a non-Euclidian geometry.

Abstract: In one aspect, a method is provided for producing an improved nutritive medium comprising an adsorbent material for culturing plant embryos.

Abstract: A method of delivering an oligonucleotide or a plasmid expressing an oligonucleotide into a target cell comprises introducing an oligonucleotide into a donor cell, particularly a stem cell, and contacting the target cell with the donor cell under conditions permitting the donor cell to form a gap junction with the target cell, whereby the oligonucleotide or a product of the oligonucleotide is delivered into the target cell from the donor cell.

Abstract: A sample analyzer comprising: a reagent container holder, configured to rotate around a rotational axis and to hold a reagent container containing a reagent; a reagent aspirator for aspirating, at a reagent aspirating position, the reagent from the reagent container held by the reagent container holder; an analysis section for analyzing a measurement sample prepared from the reagent aspirated by the reagent aspirator and a sample; and a controller for controlling: the reagent container holder to rotate and thereby transport the reagent container to the reagent aspirating position, the reagent aspirator to aspirate the reagent from the reagent container, and the reagent container holder to accelerate and decelerate alternately while being rotated is disclosed. A sample analyzing method is also disclosed.

Abstract: Devices, methods and systems effective to evaluate a physical or chemical property of a surfactant-treated biological fluid sample are provided.

Abstract: Devices, methods and systems effective to evaluate a physical or chemical property of an ion exchange resin-treated biological fluid sample are provided.

Abstract: A new reaction apparatus including a capillary having an inner surface to which a probe molecule that specifically binds to an analyte is immobilized and achieving a highly efficient reaction using a small amount of a sample and a process of the reaction are provided. The reaction apparatus includes a capillary having an inner surface to which a probe molecule that specifically binds to an analyte is immobilized; a passage allowing a fluid discharged from one end of the capillary to flow to the other end of the capillary; a columnar magnetic body that is disposed in a fluid containing the analyte in the capillary and/or the passage in the state that the fluid fed in the capillary can circulate via the passage; end-fixing means for fixing one end of the columnar magnetic body in the capillary and/or the passage by a DC magnetic field; and end-moving means for moving the other end of the columnar magnetic body by an AC magnetic field such that the fluid circulates via the passage.

Abstract: A general method for solubilizing proteins by direct extraction of an immobilized protein into a reverse micelle solution is disclosed. The reverse micelle protein solutions are amenable to analysis using spectroscopic techniques, particularly NMR spectroscopy.

Abstract: Compounds of the general formula (I) and compounds of the general formula (II) Use of compounds (I) or (II) as visible or invisible markers, for staining materials, in the laser welding of materials, for detecting bases, acids or pH changes, as a dispersing assistant, pigment additive for organic pigments and intermediates for the production of pigment additives, in heat management or energy management, in photovoltaics or in optical data storage.

Abstract: A sample processing apparatus includes a sample processing unit for obtaining a sample from a sample container and performing a predetermined process of the sample; a transport unit which includes a transport region for transporting, in a transport operation, a sample rack holding the sample container to the sample processing unit, and a rack removal region where the sample rack is accessible to an operator. A restraining member is also provided, which restrains contact by the operator to the sample rack on the transport region. A transport controller controls the transport unit to transport the sample rack on the transport region to the rack removal region after a predetermined transport suspension event occurs during the transport operation.

Abstract: The present invention provides a test strip with an expanded dynamic range for performing an assay to determine the presence of, or measure the quantity of, an analyte in a sample. It also provides methods for determining the presence of, or measuring the quantity of, an analyte in a sample, and for detecting a prozone sample.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention relate to magnetizing and detecting nanoparticle-labeled antigens on biosample tracks deposited on a tape media. An aspect of the invention comprises apparatus and methods for labeling antigens with demagnetized nanoparticles, magnetizing the nanoparticles with an electromagnetic write head, and detecting the antigens via the magnetized nanoparticles by reading the tape media with a read sensor in a read-after-write operation. The write head and read sensor are part of a head-module of magnetic tape drive. Target antigens are attached to the biosample tracks by antibodies. Nanoparticles of differing magnetic properties may be selectively paired with antibodies associated with different antigens to allow multiple antigens to be detected upon a single scan by the read sensor.

Abstract: The present invention provides multi-dimensional sensors with fluidic flow channels for processing fluid samples.

Abstract: Techniques for fabricating an array of magnetic elements to form memory and other devices with a high areal density.

Abstract: Formation of a bottom electrode for an MTJ device on a silicon nitride substrate is facilitated by including a protective coating that is partly consumed during etching of the alpha tantalum portion of said bottom electrode. Adhesion to SiN is enhanced by using a TaN/NiCr bilayer as “glue”.

Abstract: A materials processing system comprises a thermal processing chamber including a heating source, a first noncontacting thermal measurement device positioned to measure temperature on a first area of the material being processed, and, a second noncontacting thermal measurement device positioned to measure temperature on a second area of the material being processed, the first device being relatively more sensitive to changes in surface emissivity than the second device. By comparing the outputs of the two devices, emissivity changes can be detected and used as a proxy for some physical change in the workpiece and thereby determine when the desired process has been completed. The system may be used to develop a process recipe, or it may be part of a system for real-time process control based on emissivity changes. Applicable processes include heating, annealing, dopant activation, silicide formation, carburization, nitridation, sintering, oxidation, vapor deposition, metallization, and plating.

Abstract: A microwave heating system comprises a microwave applicator cavity; a microwave power supply to deliver power to the applicator cavity; a dielectric support to support a generally planar workpiece; a dielectric gas manifold to supply a controlled flow of inert gas proximate to the periphery of the workpiece to provide differential cooling to the edge relative to the center; a first temperature measuring device configured to measure the temperature near the center of the workpiece; and, a second temperature measuring device configured to measure the temperature near the edge of the workpiece. The gas flow is controlled to minimize the temperature difference from center to edge, and may be recipe driven or controlled in real time, based on the two temperature measurements. The method is particularly useful for monolithic semiconductor wafers, various semiconducting films on substrates, and dielectric films on semiconducting wafers.

Abstract: A method of making a semiconductor light-emitting device involves the steps of selecting at least one tilt angle for a primary surface of a substrate to evaluate the direction of piezoelectric polarization in a light-emitting layer, the substrate comprising a group III nitride semiconductor; preparing a substrate having the primary surface, the primary surface having the selected tilt angle, and the primary surface comprising the group III nitride semiconductor; forming a quantum well structure and p- and n-type gallium nitride semiconductor layers for the light-emitting layer at the selected tilt angle to prepare a substrate product; measuring photoluminescence of the substrate product while applying a bias to the substrate product, to determine bias dependence of the photoluminescence; evaluating the direction of the piezoelectric polarization in the light-emitting layer at the selected tilt angle on the primary surface of the substrate by the determined bias dependence; determining which of the primary sur

Abstract: To reduce the number of photomasks for forming an ion injection mask, then reduce a manufacturing cost of a semiconductor device, accurately control a shape and a position of an ion implantation region into a substrate, and improve a manufacturing yield of the semiconductor device. A manufacturing method of a semiconductor device comprises the steps of: forming an alignment mark on a substrate; forming a second resist pattern on the substrate on which the alignment mark is formed; forming a first ion implantation region by injecting a first ion into an exposure surface of the substrate; forming a thin film on the second resist pattern and on the first ion implantation region; forming a thin film pattern that covers an outer edge of the first ion implantation region by reducing a prescribed portion of the thin film; forming a second ion implantation region by injecting a second ion into the exposure surface of the first ion implantation region; and removing the thin film pattern and the second resist pattern.

Abstract: A method for controlling the threshold voltage of a semiconductor element having at least a semiconductor as a component is characterized in including a process to measure one of a threshold voltage and a characteristic value serving as an index for the threshold voltage; a process to determine one of the irradiation intensity, irradiation time, and wavelength of the light for irradiating the semiconductor based on one of the measured threshold voltage and the measured characteristic value serving as the index for the threshold voltage; and a process to irradiate light whose one of the irradiation intensity, irradiation time, and wavelength has been determined onto the semiconductor; wherein the light irradiating the semiconductor is a light having a longer wavelength than the wavelength of the absorption edge of the semiconductor, and the threshold voltage is changed by the irradiation of the light.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing GaN-based film LED based on masklessly transferring photonic crystal structure is disclosed. Two dimensional photonic crystals are formed on a sapphire substrate. Lattice quality of GaN-based epitaxy on the sapphire substrate is improved, and the internal quantum efficiency of GaN-based LED epitaxy is increased. After the GaN-based film is transferred onto heat sink substrate, the two dimensional photonic crystals structure is masklessly transferred onto the light exiting surface of the GaN-based film by using different etching rates between the GaN material and the SiO2 mask, so that light extraction efficiency of the GaN-based LED is improved. That is, the GaN-based film LED according to the invention has a relatively high illumination efficiency and heat sink.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a thin film transistor is disclosed. First, a substrate is provided and a patterned polysilicon layer is formed on the substrate. A metal layer is formed on the patterned polysilicon layer. Then, a portion of the metal layer is removed so that the remaining metal layer beside the patterned polysilicon layer forms a source and a drain. A gate insulation layer is formed on the substrate to cover the source, the drain and the patterned polysilicon layer. A gate is formed on the gate insulation layer over the patterned polysilicon layer.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a surface-mounting ceramic LED package and a method for its production comprising: layering a ceramic green sheet which has a hole and a second ceramic green sheet, inserting a mold with a groove to form a partition in the bottom of the ceramic green sheet substrate, and firing the ceramic green sheet substrate.

Abstract: A method of making a vertically structured light emitting diode includes: providing a sacrificial substrate having first and second portions; forming a first buffer layer on a surface of the sacrificial substrate; forming a second buffer layer on a surface of the first buffer layer; forming a light emitting unit on a surface of the second buffer layer; forming a device substrate on a surface of the light emitting unit; etching the first portion of the sacrificial substrate such that the second portion of the sacrificial substrate remains on the first buffer layer; dry-etching the second portion of the sacrificial substrate; dry-etching the first buffer layer; and etching the second buffer layer. An etch rate of a material of the second buffer layer is lower than an etch rate of a material of the first buffer layer.