Abstract: An air heating apparatus may comprise a housing with a path through an interior of the housing between openings in the housing. An isolating wall may divide the interior into primary and secondary chambers, and may have a transfer opening through which the path extends from the primary to secondary chambers. An air heating assembly may comprise an engine in the primary chamber, a heat generator in the primary chamber and connected to the engine, and a main heat exchanger in the secondary chamber and in fluid communication with the heat generator to transfer heat generated by the heat generator to air flowing along the path. The apparatus may include an air movement assembly configured to move air along the path and comprises a primary fan between the primary and secondary chambers to move air from the primary chamber to the secondary chamber.

Abstract: The invention relates to an exhaust gas recirculation cooling element (1) comprising a heat exchanger (2) having several heat exchange units (11, 12, 13) that are introduced between the inflow region (3) and the outflow region (7) of the exhaust gas (AG). Said units comprise cooling tubes with cooling ribs. The heat exchanger (2) is surrounded by a housing (16), the lateral walls thereof (19) being arranged at a distance in relation to the perforated lateral walls (10). Guide channels (28) are arranged between the closed lateral walls (9) of the heat exchanger (2) and the adjacent lateral walls (20) of the housing (16), said guide channels extending in a diagonal manner and being provided to direct the coolant (KM) from a coolant inlet to the coolant outflow through the individual heat exchange units (11, 12, 13).

Abstract: A thermoelectric device includes at least a first metal foil having a first material thickness, a second metal foil having a second material thickness, an interspace between the first metal foil and the second metal foil, an electrical insulation coating on the first metal foil and the second metal foil towards the interspace and a multiplicity of first semiconductor components and second semiconductor components, which are fixed and electrically connected to one another on the insulation coating in the interspace. A thermoelectric apparatus having a multiplicity of thermoelectric devices and a motor vehicle having a thermoelectric apparatus, are also provided.

Abstract: There is provided a cooling adapter provided between a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine and an exhaust pipe of the internal combustion engine in such a manner as to connect the cylinder head and the exhaust pipe to each other. This cooling adapter is equipped with a plurality of exhaust passages provided in parallel with one another to cause an exhaust gas from the cylinder head to flow to the exhaust pipe, a water jacket formed around an entirety of the respective exhaust passages and among the respective exhaust passages to cause a cooling liquid to flow to exchange heat with the exhaust gas flowing through the plurality of the exhaust passages, an inlet portion configured to cause the cooling liquid to flow into the water jacket, and an outlet portion configured to cause the cooling liquid to flow out from inside the water jacket.

Abstract: A hydraulic manifold pump comprising a housing in which is located a first hydraulic circuit and a second hydraulic circuit. A bidirectional motor connectable to the first hydraulic circuit and the second hydraulic circuit, the bidirectional motor being able to activate the first hydraulic circuit when operable in a first direction, and being able to activate the second hydraulic circuit when operable in a second direction. The hydraulic manifold pump further compromises a hydraulic actuator having two hydraulic chambers being connectable to the first hydraulic circuit and to the second hydraulic circuit, and both the first and second hydraulic circuits being connected to and able to vent into a fluid reservoir.

Abstract: The invention relates to a closure with a thermal safety function for a hydrodynamic or hydraulic machine, in particular a hydrodynamic clutch, designed for use in a housing of the hydrodynamic or hydraulic machine which holds a working medium, wherein the closure has a closure body for screwing or inserting into the housing or mounting on the housing in some other way; the closure body has a passage into which a closure core is introduced, which closure core is connected, by means of a melting element which can be melted on at a predefined temperature, directly to the closure body or to an intermediate element introduced in a seal-forming fashion in the closure body, in such a way that the passage is sealed off so as to prevent the working medium from passing through. The invention is characterized in such a way that the closure core has a blind bore or a blind hole which is open with respect to the working space, with the result that working medium can flow into the closure core.

Abstract: A system and method for generating energy from tuning the natural frequency of masses relative to a ground plane and an external force. In some embodiments the external force is the action of the waves. The system has a first mass movable relative to the ground plane, wherein the external force induces an oscillation in the first mass relative to the ground plane. A second movable mass is carried by and movable relative to the first movable mass. The second movable mass creates kinetic energy as the result of varying the position of the second movable mass relative to the first mass. The system adjusts or tunes the frequency of various components in relation to the natural frequency of the waves. The energy created by the relative motion can be converted to various forms of energy including electrical energy.

Abstract: A reciprocating water displacement gravity engine is shown and described herein.

Abstract: An energy conversion device, such as a wave energy conversion device has a diaphragm (30) attached to a frame (100, 110) with opposed lateral edges of the diaphragm (30) being attached to the frame (100, 110) with an “S”-shaped configuration. The diaphragm (30) and frame (100, 110) form a cell (20) for fluid which is driven by movement of the diaphragm to drive a power-take-off device such as a turbine mounted in a duct leading from the cell (20). The diaphragm may be reinforced by cords, preferably vertical cords. Multiple cells (20) may be arranged in a ring, or the duct from one cell may lead to a reservoir or to another cell.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a dialysis machine having a coupling surface for the coupling of a fluid system, in particular for the coupling of a cassette, and having an actuator arranged on the coupling surface for the movement of an actuator region of the fluid system. In accordance with the invention, a heating element is now provided for the heating of the actuator, with the liquid being able to be heated via the actuator in the actuator region of the fluid system.

Abstract: A vehicle brake system includes a brake pedal unit coupled to a vehicle brake pedal. The system includes an input piston connected to operate a pedal simulator during a normal braking mode, and coupled to actuate a pair of output pistons during a manual push through mode. The output pistons are operable to generate brake actuating pressure at first and second outputs of the brake pedal unit. A hydraulic pressure source supplies fluid at a controlled boost pressure. A hydraulic control unit is adapted to be hydraulically connected to the brake pedal unit and the hydraulic pressure source. The hydraulic control unit includes a slip control valve arrangement, and a switching base brake valve arrangement for switching the brake system between the normal braking mode wherein boost pressure from the pressure source is supplied to first and second vehicle brakes, and the manual push through mode wherein brake actuating pressure from the brake pedal unit is supplied to the first and second vehicle brakes.

Abstract: A two-stage exhaust gas turbocharger for an internal-combustion engine having an exhaust manifold is provided. In the exhaust gas flow direction a first high-pressure turbocharger and a second high-pressure turbocharger are arranged parallel to one another and a low-pressure turbocharger is arranged in series behind the latter. The two high-pressure turbine housings can be arranged on the exhaust manifold on one side and the low-pressure turbine housing can be arranged on the exhaust manifold on the other side. The exhaust gas coming from the high-pressure turbine housings is guided through a flow duct in or on the exhaust manifold to the low-pressure turbine housing. By way of this construction of the two-stage exhaust gas turbocharging, a compact construction is achieved resulting in cost savings.

Abstract: A connecting device, comprising: a linearly driving drive member; an actuating member driven in a rotating manner by an internal combustion engine charging device with at least one pivot arm connected to the actuating member in a fixed manner, wherein the actuating member transmits rotational moments about a pivot axis, with a slide element connected to the driving member in a fixed manner, and wherein the driving member transmits linear forces oriented obliquely to the pivot axis, with at least one bearing arrangement, which moveably couples the slide element to the pivot arm such that the slide element is displaceably mounted along a displacement axis running parallel to the pivot axis and rotatably mounted about the displacement axis and about a rotary axis running perpendicularly to the displacement axis.

Abstract: An energy separation and recovery system wherein exhaust heat from an automotive engine source which might otherwise be wasted is employed in conjunction with a heat exchanger and a super heater to generate steam in a substantially closed-loop system wherein the heat supply is an open system. The superheated steam is transmitted to an engine to generate power which may be used to supply electrical energy. The electrical energy may be employed external to the system or may be used to assist the motive engine in providing motive power to the vehicle. Stepped diameter tubing carries water, or other vaporizable fluids, through the heat exchanger into the super heater while simultaneously exposing the carried water or fluid to incrementally higher temperature heated gas. Variable bellows, attached operatively to end plates accommodate the differential expansion of the tubing.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention disclose systems and methods for the efficient conversion of solar energy into a useable form of energy using a solar collector subsystem and a heat conversion subsystem. The systems and methods transfer solar energy directly to an intermediate solution and a working solution and indirectly to and between a basic rich solution, a condensing solution, a lean solution and a rich vapor solution. The systems and methods also include condensing the basic rich solution using an external coolant. The systems and methods support a closed thermodynamic cycle.

Abstract: In accordance with the present disclosure, a receiver panel is provided that includes multiple thermally conductive nanostructures. The thermally conductive nanostructures may be provided on a substrate that supports the multiple thermally conductive nanostructures. In one embodiment, the thermally conductive nanostructures may be substantially orthogonal with respect to the surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A waste heat recovery system, method and device executes a thermodynamic cycle using a working fluid in a working fluid circuit which has a high pressure side and a low pressure side.

Abstract: The patent application relates to a district-heat consumer plant which is capable of being linked to a district-heat network and which comprises at least one heat-consumer which is capable of being supplied with heat from the district-heat network, the district-heat consumer plant comprising a port via which the district-heat consumer plant is capable of being linked to a district-heat reflux of the district-heat network, in order to withdraw heat from the district-heat reflux for the purpose of supplying the at least one heat-consumer. The patent application further relates to a district-heat network, to which a district-heat consumer plant is capable of being linked, the district-heat network comprising a district-heat reflux, and the district-heat reflux comprising a port for the district-heat consumer plant, in order to supply the district-heat consumer plant with heat from the district-heat reflux.

Abstract: An oil cooler is provided for a wall of an air flow passage of a gas turbine engine. The oil cooler has a heat exchanger with an oil conduit for carrying a flow of heated oil proximal to the wall of the air flow passage. The heat exchanger is arranged to transfer heat from the heated oil to the air flowing through the passage. The oil cooler further has a system for altering the flow of air across the heat exchanger such that the heat transfer effectiveness of the heat exchanger can be adjusted.

Abstract: A steam turbine system including a steam turbine is provided. The steam turbine system includes a high-pressure side steam inlet device, a low-pressure side steam device, and a control device for controlling the steam turbine. An additional steam inlet device is also included arranged between the high-pressure side steam inlet device and the low-pressure side steam device. The control device control a supply of steam via the additional steam inlet device as a function of operating parameters detected at the steam turbine system.

Abstract: Embodiments of an ORC system can be configured to reduce ingress of contaminants from the ambient environment. In one embodiment, the ORC system can comprise a pressure equilibrating unit that comprises a variable volume device for holding a working fluid. The variable volume device can be fluidly coupled to a condenser so that working fluid can move amongst the condenser and the variable volume device. This movement can occur in response to changes in the pressure of the working fluid in the ORC system, and in one example the working fluid is allowed to move when the pressure deviates from atmospheric pressure.

Abstract: Embodiments of an ORC system can be configured to reduce ingress of contaminants from the ambient environment. In one embodiment, the ORC system can comprise a pressure equilibrating unit that comprises a variable volume device for holding a working fluid. The variable volume device can be fluidly coupled to a condenser so that working fluid can move amongst the condenser and the variable volume device. This movement can occur in response to changes in the pressure of the working fluid in the ORC system, and in one example the working fluid is allowed to move when the pressure deviates from atmospheric pressure.

Abstract: An annular combustor for a gas turbine engine is provided that facilitates staged combustion in a lean direct ignition (LDI) mode over an extended range of operating fuel air ratios. A method is also provided for operating a gas turbine engine over a power demand range that facilitates staged combustion in a lean direct ignition (LDI) mode over an extended range of operating fuel air ratios.

Abstract: An annular combustor and a method for operating a gas turbine engine over a power demand range facilitate combustion in a lean direct ignition (LDI) mode over an extended range of operating fuel air ratios. The flow primary combustion air admitted into the primary combustion zone is varied in response to power demand from a maximum air flow rate of high power demand to a minimum flow air rate of low power demand, while the flow of dilution air into a quench zone downstream of the primary combustion zone is increased from a minimum air flow rate at high power demand to a maximum air flow rate at low power demand.

Abstract: A combustor liner segment seal member is provided that includes a center section, a forward flange, and an aft flange. The center section includes a base surface, a gas path surface, a forward side surface, and an aft side surface. The forward flange extends outwardly from the forward side surface, and includes a width, a height, a shell side surface, and a liner side surface. The aft flange extends outwardly from the aft side surface, and includes a width, a height, a shell side surface, and a liner side surface.

Abstract: A gas turbine engine component is disclosed having a construction that permits a working fluid to flow from one side of the component to the other. In one embodiment the construction includes multiple layers, and in one particular embodiment the construction includes three layers. One or more layers can have different properties. Additionally, one or more layers of the construction can include a cellular structure. In one embodiment the component is a gas turbine engine combustor liner.

Abstract: A combustor for a turbine engine includes a hot wall and a cold wall forming a dual walled liner and a liner cavity with the hot wall. The cold wall defines a plurality of impingement cooling holes configured to deliver an impingement cooling flow. A first downstream end terminates the hot wall and is configured to receive the impingement cooling flow from the plurality of impingement cooling holes, and a second downstream end terminates the cold wall and is longer in a generally downstream direction than the first downstream end. A combustion chamber is formed with the dual walled liner and the liner and faces an opposite side of the hot wall relative to the combustion chamber. The combustion chamber has a longitudinal axis and is configured to receive an air-fuel mixture in the generally downstream direction along the longitudinal axis.

Abstract: A combustor for a gas turbine engine is provided that includes a support shell, a forward liner segment, an aft liner segment, and a seal member. The support shell has an interior surface, and exterior surface, and a plurality of impingement apertures disposed within the shell. The forward liner segment and aft liner segment are attached to the inner surface of the shell. The forward liner segment has an edge surface extending between a face surface and a back surface, and a seal shoulder. The aft liner segment has an edge surface extending between a face surface and a back surface, and a seal shoulder. The forward liner segment and the aft liner segment are separated from one another by a gap. The seal member is disposed within the gap. At least some of the plurality of impingement apertures disposed within the shell are aligned with the seal member and oriented to direct cooling air to impinge on the seal member.

Abstract: An injection nozzle (10), especially for injecting liquid fuel, preferably crude oil, into the combustion chamber of a gas turbine, includes an inner chamber (16) which extends along a nozzle axis (19), conically tapers to a concentric nozzle orifice (17), and to which the medium which is to be injected is fed from outside through a plurality of inlet ports (18) which are arranged in a distributed manner around the nozzle axis (19). The inlet ports (18) are oriented perpendicularly to the nozzle axis (19) and each lead tangentially into the inner chamber (16). With such an injection nozzle, an improved spray cone is achieved by the fact that a pin (14), which extends in the axial direction, is concentrically arranged in the inner chamber (16) and passes through the region of the mouths of the inlet ports (18) and extends right into the nozzle orifice (17).

Abstract: A solar hybrid combined cycle gas-steam power plant and method including a solar unit, a gas turbine unit and a steam turbine unit. The solar unit includes a receiver. The gas turbine unit includes a gas turbine with a waste heat boiler arranged downstream, and a steam turbine with a feed water heater. The power plant includes a heat transfer medium cycle for transferring solar heat. The heat transfer medium cycle is coupled to the gas turbine unit through a gas turbine heat exchanger and to the steam turbine unit through a solar boiler. Alternatively to the gas turbine unit and the steam turbine unit, the solar hybrid combined cycle power plant includes an integrated gas-steam turbine having a waste heat boiler arranged downstream, wherein the heat transfer medium cycle is coupled to the integrated gas-steam turbine through the gas turbine heat exchanger and through the solar boiler.

Abstract: Fuel is delivered in a gas turbine engine including a can annular combustor array that includes at least one combustor level subset within the array supplied by an independent fuel delivery system. Fuel is supplied only to one or more subsets during a first mode of operation. Fuel is supplied to the entire array of combustors during a second mode of operation.

Abstract: A combined cycle power plant startup system is provided. The system includes a steam turbine, a HRSG, a condenser, and a bypass system. The steam turbine may include a turbine section. The HRSG may be operably connected to the steam turbine for providing steam to the steam turbine. The HRSG may include a reheater. The bypass system may be configured to adjust the steam pressure downstream of the reheater by routing steam downstream of the reheater to the condenser. The bypass system may include at least one bypass line, at least one control valve operably connected to the at least one bypass line, a pressure gauge configured to monitor the steam pressure downstream of the reheater, and a controller configured to communicate with the pressure gauge and operate the at least one control valve.

Abstract: An engine starting apparatus and method may allow for two methods of engine start where only one engine gearbox accessory pad exists off the aircraft engine. A gearbox lubricating apparatus may also be provided to lubricate the gearbox at altitude without added complexity. Two engine starting inputs (for example, one input for ground start and one input for in-flight engine start) are provided while avoiding complex gearbox designs. Clutches may also be used to prevent the starter gearbox from continuous operation (rotation) after the engine has started. Apparatus and methods are also provided for improving the air-fuel combustion of the hot-gas turbine start input (for in-flight engine start) to minimize the build-up of solid carbon (soot) in and around the combustor and turbine nozzle flow passages.

Abstract: The combustion device (1) of a gas turbine includes burners (2) connected to a front plate (5) of a combustion chamber (3). The front plate (5) has, spaced apart from one another, a front sheet (8) and an impingement sheet (7) with aligned holes (11, 12) housing the burners (2). A piston ring (15) is provided between the front sheet (8) and impingement sheet (7) to seal the holes (11, 12). The axial length of the border of the hole (11, 12) of the front sheet (8) and/or impingement sheet (7) is longer than the thickness of the corresponding front sheet (8) and/or impingement sheet (7).

Abstract: A pulse tube refrigerator includes a regenerator tube; a pulse tube; and a condenser condensing an atmospheric gas and disposed at cold ends of the regenerator tube and the pulse tube so as to also function as a cooling stage. The condenser includes a first surface and a second surface facing each other, a flow path having two openings on the first surface and connecting the cold end of the regenerator tube and the cold end of the pulse tube, and multiple holes extending from the second surface. The holes formed in an area of the condenser defined by a circle having the center on a straight line connecting the centers of the openings of the flow path do not pass through the condenser up to the first surface. The circle is the smallest circle enclosing the openings or a circumscribed circle circumscribing the openings.

Abstract: Liquefied natural gas is stored, for example, on board ship, in a battery 2 of storage tanks 4, 6, 8 and 10. Submerged pumps 16 are used to transfer the LNG to secondary storage vessel 22. The pressure of the LNG is raised and it is transferred from the secondary vessel 22 to a forced vaporiser 36, in which it is vaporised. The outlet pressure of each submerged pump 16 may be relatively low and the apparatus may be operated either intermittently or continuously.

Abstract: A system and method according to which ice is automatically disposed in respective bags and the bags of ice are distributed and stacked within a temperature-controlled storage unit, such as an ice merchandiser.

Abstract: A supplementary air conditioning system includes an indoor heat exchanger and an outdoor heat exchanger. The indoor heat exchanger is fanless and includes indoor tubes installed so as to be inclined to a ceiling of a room. The indoor tubes make diagonal contact with a high-temperature air zone in an upper part of the room and refrigerant inside the indoor tubes is heated by the air zone so as to boil and vaporize and air in the air zone flows down through the indoor heat exchanger. The external heat exchanger includes outdoor tubes installed outside at a higher position than the indoor tubes and are connected to the indoor tubes via connecting pipes with no compressor therebetween. The outdoor tubes condense and liquefy the refrigerant boiled and vaporized in the indoor tubes and return the refrigerant to the indoor tubes.

Abstract: A hybrid air system is provided for conditioning the air in a building and includes first and second independent air conditioning systems, one system having a larger capacity than the other and an independent dehumidifier each work independently and together to control the air on the inside of a building. The hybrid system improves air comfort while increasing efficiency and reducing operating costs and use of energy.

Abstract: The air to be supplied to a room is brought to a desired temperature and a desired humidity through the following process steps: making outside air flow as a first air stream through a first line (20) and making a first portion of exhaust air coming from the room flow as a second air stream through a second line (21), wherein moisture is exchanged between the first air stream and the second air stream by means of a device for exchanging humidity, condensing, by means of a dehumidifying and cooling device (19), moisture in the form of water from the first air stream and/or from the second air stream and/or inside the device for exchanging humidity, and making a second portion of the exhaust air flow as a third air stream through another line (32) comprising another dehumidifying and cooling device (33) and returning said second portion back to the room, wherein in the other dehumidifying and cooling device (33) moisture is condensed from the third air stream in the form of water.

Abstract: A superheat control utilizes a sensor at a location downstream of an evaporator after some heat is delivered to the refrigerant. In one embodiment, the compressor is a sealed compressor with at least a portion of the refrigerant being heated by an electric motor. The temperature is sensed after the refrigerant temperature has increased after passing over the electric motor. In another embodiment, the refrigerant temperature is measured after some minimal compression and minimal temperature rise has occurred within the compressor pumping elements. In either case, by measuring the temperature of the refrigerant after some additional heat has been added to the refrigerant, the refrigerant super-heat leaving the evaporator can be controlled to a lower value. The improved superheat control enhances the system performance by increasing system efficiency, system capacity and improving oil return to the compressor.

Abstract: To provide an air-conditioning apparatus that is safer and has small conveying power for such as water at the indoor unit side can be made small. It is characterized in that a compressor 10 and a heat source side heat exchanger 12 are accommodated in a heat source apparatus 1, an intermediate heat exchanger 15 and a pump 21 in a relay unit 3, a use side heat exchanger 26 in an indoor unit 2, respectively, and when a controller 60 makes the compressor 10 stop based on the thermo-off due to decrease in the heat load in the use side heat exchanger 26 or an operation stop instruction, the controller 60 makes the pump 21 stop after the compressor 10 is stopped or almost at the same time as the stop.

Abstract: A cooling apparatus including a frost sensor to sense frost, a multiplexer having a first input terminal, to which the frost sensor is connected, and a second input terminal as a non-connected input terminal, a signal processor to subtract a signal input through the second input terminal from a signal input through the first input terminal, and to output a signal obtained by the subtraction, and a controller to detect an amount of frost sensed by the frost sensor, based on the output signal from the signal processor. It is possible to easily and accurately determine noise contained in a signal received from the frost sensor by determining, as noise, the signal received from the input terminal, to which the frost sensor is not connected, and subtracting the noise from the signal received from each input terminal, to which the frost sensor is connected.

Abstract: In an air-conditioning apparatus, a heat source side heat exchanger 12, intermediate heat exchangers 15a and 15b, and use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d are separately formed and adapted to be disposed at separate locations, respectively. There are provided a defrosting operation function to melt frost attached around the heat source side heat exchanger 12, and a heating function during defrosting operation that drives a pump 21a to circulate a heat medium and supply heating energy to the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d in need of heating to perform heating operation. The defrosting operation function can be executed by switching a four-way valve 11 to cooling side to introduce a high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant flowed out of the compressor 10 into the heat source side heat exchanger 12.

Abstract: A refrigeration system with a multi-function heat exchanger has a first heat exchanger with an internal partition defining a condenser, a subcooler and an evaporator. An expansion device is located external of the heat exchanger and receives condensed refrigerant from the subcooler and provides expanded refrigerant to the evaporator. A compressor circulates the refrigerant through the condenser, the subcooler, and the evaporator. A secondary coolant circulates through the subcooler, the evaporator and the loads. A control system receives refrigerant temperature and pressure signals, and provides a control signal to the expansion device to maintain a temperature of the refrigerant within a predetermined range. A second heat exchanger cools a condensing fluid circulating through the condenser to condense the refrigerant.

Abstract: A cooling system for an electronic apparatus, includes: a casing in which the electronic apparatus is housed; an evaporator which is disposed at a rear surface side of the casing, and cools heat released from the electronic apparatus by a refrigerant; a slide mechanism which connects the casing and the evaporator to be movable in a longitudinal direction with respect to the casing; at least any one of a cooling tower which is provided at a higher place than the evaporator and condenses the refrigerant by cooling of external air and sprinkled water, and a heat exchanger which cools the refrigerant by using chilled water; a circulation line which moves the refrigerant between the evaporator and at least one of the cooling tower and the heat exchanger; and a piping which connects the circulation line and the evaporator, and is extendable and contractible in response to movement of the evaporator.

Abstract: A water funnel and an ice maker for a refrigerator, the water funnel including a water collecting portion having a discharge hole through which water is collected and discharged; and a drain tube having a path therein, the path downwardly extending to be communicated with the discharge hole and having a uniform cross section or a cross section increasing toward a lower side thereof, whereby a blockage of the path is prevented and thusly water is smoothly supplied to the tray.

Abstract: Disclosed is an ice maker for a refrigerator. The ice maker is further provided with an ice making evaporator in addition to an evaporator for cooling a refrigerating chamber of a freezing chamber, and the ice making evaporator is sunk in water to generate ice, thereby quickly creating transparent ice. The ice maker can also be disposed in the refrigerating chamber or a refrigerating chamber door, thus to prevent ice from being formed with air bubble remaining in water, resulting in enhancing transparency of ice. In addition, even if the ice maker is disposed in the refrigerating chamber door, cold air is not needed to be induced from the freezing chamber, which allows independent operations of the freezing chamber and the ice maker, thereby increasing energy efficiency.

Abstract: A cryogenic tunnel freezer (10) having modular design and construction including a lower section (16) that can be raised and lowered relative to an upper section (14), the upper and lower sections (14, 16) defining a tunnel (12) when the lower section (16) is in a closed (raised) position. Product is moved through the tunnel (12) via a belt (22) formed of arrays of plastic modules (76) that are reinforced by metal chains (140) and rods (150). The lower run (23) of the belt (22) rides on the floor (48) of the lower section (16) and the upper run (21) rides on the lower run (23) when the belt (22) is operated. The flow of cryogenic fluid through the tunnel (12) is aided by vaporization of a cryogenic fluid and baffles (98), but no air-moving devices located within the tunnel (12).

Abstract: Described in this application is an improved cartridge, such as a water filter, and housing for the filter. The filter is preferably of the push-in type and the filter housing includes an assembly to automatically set the water filter in position as a cover over the filter is closed. According to one embodiment, the assembly consists of a cover and lever linkage which engage complimentary protrusions on the water filter.