Abstract: A sensor system for determining the position of at least two edges of at least one web material traveling along a predetermined path. In one embodiment, the sensor system has at least one transmitter block having a plurality of transmitters capable of selectively transmitting ultrasonic signals and at least one receiver block having a plurality of receivers capable of generating receiver output signals in response to the receivers receiving at least a portion of the ultrasonic signals transmitted by the at least one transmitter block. The receiver block is spaced a distance from the transmitter block so as to define a continuous sensor field of view therebetween whereby at least a portion of the at least one web material traveling along a predetermined travel path interferes with at least a portion of the ultrasonic signals transmitted by the at least one transmitter block.

Abstract: A system for performing ultrasonic testing on a composite part includes an ultrasonic transducer, a shoe for holding the transducer, and means for automatically adjusting position of the transducer during ultrasonic testing. The transducer position is adjusted to account for geometry variations in the part.

Abstract: A ultrasonic probe has a plurality of piezoelectric transducers arranged in the array direction. Each piezoelectric transducer has a piezoelectric element which vibrates in the thickness direction. A signal electrode is formed on the lower surface of the piezoelectric element. An earth electrode is formed on the upper surface of the piezoelectric element. Inside the piezoelectric element, a plurality of non-piezoelectric elements are arranged along the lens direction. Each non-piezoelectric element does not come in contact with the signal electrode and the earth electrode.

Abstract: A system and method of testing the horn of a railroad locomotive wherein a fixed sensing station and a movable sensing station are provided adjacent a railroad track such that front and rear sensing of the horn decibels occurs simultaneously.

Abstract: Circuits, methods, and systems to compensate pressure sensor readings for changes in temperature. An example measures temperature in a field-effect-transistor-based pressure sensor or micro-electromechanical system by measuring the device's threshold voltage. This threshold voltage is linearly dependent on the temperature but shows negligible sensitivity to mechanical stress. This allows the pressure sensor's temperature to be determined in an environment of changing pressure. Once the temperature is known, the pressure sensor's pressure readings can be adjusted. The threshold voltage can be extracted by measuring the turn-on transistor characteristic of the device and using device models. Alternately, the threshold voltage can be extracted using threshold voltage extraction circuits.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to pressure sensors. In one illustrative embodiment, the pressure sensor may include a pressure sensor assembly having pressure ports on opposite sides of the pressure sensor assembly. The pressure sensor may include a protective housing including a first housing member and a second housing member defining a cavity for securely housing the pressure sensor assembly. The protective housing may include a first port coupled to one of the pressure ports of the pressure sensor assembly and a second port coupled to the other pressure port of the pressure sensor assembly. In some cases, the protective housing may include one or more aligning features, one or more positioning features, and a boss, which can include two or more bumps, on each side of the cavity around the pressure ports.

Abstract: The sensor geometry for improved package stress isolation is disclosed. A counterbore on the backing plate improves stress isolation properties of the sensor. The counterbore thins the wall of the backing plate maintaining the contact area with the package. The depth and diameter of the counterbore can be adjusted to find geometry for allowing the backing plate to absorb more package stresses. Thinning the wall of the backing plate make it less rigid and allows the backing plate to absorb more of the stresses produced at the interface with the package. The counterbore also keeps a large surface area at the bottom of the backing plate creating a strong bond with the package.

Abstract: A method is provided for determining the extent of cyclic stress fatigue suffered by a component comprising the steps of: (i) obtaining a gauge material which undergoes a continued progressive/cumulative and quantifiable change in at least one of its physical properties in response to repeated strain cycles applied to the gauge material, the quantifiable change being indicative of both degree of strain and number of cycles incurred during the repeated strain cycles; (ii) determining a correlation between an extent of the quantifiable change in the gauge material and an effect on said component of a corresponding number and degree of strain cycles; (iii) affixing the gauge material to said component to subject the gauge material to any strain encountered by an adjacent portion of the component; (iv) at least periodically determining the extent of said quantifiable change to the gauge material to determine the extent of cyclic stress fatigue undergone by the component.

Abstract: A contactless SAW based torque and temperature sensor comprising a first (2) and second (3) SAW resonator provided on a substrate made of Y+34° cut of quartz. The first SAW resonator (2) has its principle axis inclined at +45° to the X-axis of the substrate, which, in use is either aligned with the longitudinal axis of the device who torque is to be measured or is perpendicular thereto, and the second SAW (3) has its principle axis inclined at ?45° to the X-axis of the substrate. A third SAW (4) has its principle axis inclined at an angle of 30 degrees to the X-axis of the substrate. Each said SAW resonator (2,3,4) is formed by laying a film of aluminum on the substrate having a thickness (h) and the SAW resonators have an average operating wavelength ? where the ratio h/? is in the range 0.021 to 0.032.

Abstract: A gyratory compactor apparatus adapted to interact with a mold that defines a mold axis is provided. The gyratory compactor apparatus includes a frame defining a frame axis and having a first mounting plate and a pivoted support carried by the frame and capable of rotation in at least a first and a second rotational degree of freedom. A mold-engaging device is carried by the pivoted support and includes a first carriage plate proximal the pivoted support and a spaced-apart second carriage plate that defines a space therebetween for receiving the mold. The second carriage plate has at least one clamping rod in communication with an actuator for translating the second carriage plate about the mold axis to thereby secure the mold in the space between the first and second carriage plates. An associated method is also provided.

Abstract: A testing apparatus is disclosed that includes a turntable, an upper scissor jack assembly and a lower scissor jack assembly positioned in parallel planes, about a longitudinal axis and affixed to a base. The apparatus is powered by at least three motors with supporting controllers. The lower assembly is affixed to the base mechanically via the turntable which allows the lower assembly to rotate with respect to the upper assembly. There are two loading plates attached to the hinges of each scissor jack. The test specimen is secured by the loading plate. Each scissor jack operates by a screw-gear powered by one of the motors. Upon energizing a stepper motor; the screw-gear positions a scissor jack to apply a tension or compression on the specimen. While subjected to tension or compression, the lower jack assembly can be rotated with respect to the upper assembly for in-plane shear loading.

Abstract: Provided is an electromagnetic flow meter configured to measure a flow rate of a measurement target fluid. The electromagnetic flow meter includes: a measurement pipe having a hollow cylindrical shape and allowing the measurement target fluid to flow inside; flanges provided on both ends of the measurement pipe, respectively; and a lining portion. Each of the flanges includes a cut groove formed in a circumferential direction of the measurement pipe. The cut groove has a curved inner surface. The lining portion is formed so as to cover an inner surface of the measurement pipe and the cut grooves.

Abstract: Load-measuring transducers utilizing induced-voltage measurement techniques are described. The wiring patterns of such transducers can be configured to reduce interference errors due to wiring patterns thereof.

Abstract: A sensor assembly for measuring or detecting a magnetic field, torsion, or mechanical tension has a magnetic or magnetizable electrically conductive conductor having a first section and thereadjacent a second section in which a helical anisotropy is or can be generated. A dynamical helical magnetization is generated in the first conductor section a dynamic helical magnetization and is transferred to the second conductor section. A voltage in the second conductor section that is generated by the transfer of magnetization from the first conductor section is detected.

Abstract: Systems and methods for passively determining when a threshold force has been exceeded. An example apparatus includes a housing and a substrate that is attached at one end to an interior portion of the housing. The substrate includes at least one conductive trace, each having two ends. The substrate is configured to fail when the threshold force has been experienced. The metal trace ends are electrically accessible from an exterior side of the housing. Prior to delivery, the housing is connected to a package that includes one or more force sensitive devices. Upon arrival of the package, the at least one conductive trace is electrically tested to determined if the substrate has failed. If the substrate has failed the package has experienced a force greater than the threshold force.

Abstract: Described herein is the sensor assembly and method for rapidly obtaining accurate readings of a variable. The sensor assembly comprises a plurality of sensors which are connected to a microcontroller that processes the signals of the individual transducers to the microcontroller. The microcontroller contains software that maximizes the refresh rate and/or minimizes the time it takes to process the outputs of each of the transducers. The microcontroller that is coupled to the sensor assembly selectively measures the outputs of each transducer so as to speed up the refresh rate of the sensor.

Abstract: The system includes at least one sampler including a body having a hollow interior accessed through holes in the body and optionally a slide which can selectively cover and expose the holes in the body. A stand is provided made of a base and a floor. The base includes at least one recess therein. The recess is configured to support the sampler therein so that the sampler can be held by the stand while sampling an airspace at a particular location. The floor can be separated at least partially from the base in a removably attachable fashion to provide selective access to a hollow inside. A sampler can be placed within this hollow inside space and resealed so that the stand doubles as a shipping container for the sampler after collection of an air sample.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel combine harvester and associated method configured for gathering grain test data. In general, the combine harvester includes a grain diverting assembly that is configured to selectively divert grain from a grain harvesting path to a grain testing path for the purpose of gathering the grain test data. In various embodiments, the present invention may return the tested grain to the grain harvesting path for further delivery to a primary grain hopper. The present invention may also provide a sampling cup and sample delivery system that allows a sample of the diverted grain to be automatically gathered and delivered to a combine harvester operator location.

Abstract: Disclosed is a microfluidic device comprising at least one micro-aliquotter for dispensing fixed or variable volumes. The micro-aliquotter includes an rigid, dimensionally stable foundational layer having a fluid port therein that is in fluid communication with a channel within the microfluidic device, and an elastic film positioned on the foundational layer where the film covers the fluid port. The elastic film is sealed to the foundational layer so fluids entering through the fluid port can be captured between the elastic film and the foundational layer. The elastic film being expandable from a rest position on the foundational layer to a dispensing, or aliquotting, position in which an aliquot volume of a fluid is contained between the film and the foundational layer.

Abstract: Provided is a testing apparatus capable of testing locomotive performance of a robot while harmonizing motions of the apparatus with that of the robot. According to the locomotive performance testing apparatus (1), a motor working plan is made on the basis of a robot motion plan, and a motor (12) is driven according to the motor working plan. As a result, an alteration pattern of a driving velocity of an endless belt (11) can be controlled according to an alteration pattern of a moving velocity of a robot (2) whose locomotive performance is being tested on the endless belt (11). Moreover, a motion tempo of the endless belt (11) and a motion tempo of the robot (2) are so harmonized that the former tempo may approach the latter tempo, and the locomotive performance of the robot (2) can be stably tested in that state.

Abstract: A closure system for a motor vehicle includes a pinion and a pair of U-shaped, flat sliders. The pinion is engaged to a drive shaft to rotate in a first rotational direction and an opposite second rotational direction in response to the drive shaft rotating. Each slider has an inner leg and an outer leg connected at one end to a bridge. The inner surface of each inner leg includes a gear rack. The inner surfaces of the inner legs face one another and surround opposite sides of the pinion such that corresponding portions of the gear racks engage the respective opposite sides of the pinion whereby the sliders are longitudinally displaced away from one another in response to the pinion rotating in the first rotational direction and are longitudinally displaced toward one another in response to the pinion rotating in the second rotational direction.

Abstract: A lead screw actuator for displacing holder with a collimator lens in an optical scanning device has a home-position for accurately determining the position of the collimator lens. An anti-seize construction is provided to avoid the holder to get stuck against the home-position due to the friction between both surfaces.

Abstract: A ball screw device includes a ball nut rotatably engaged onto a screw shaft for forming a gap between the ball nut and the screw shaft and for receiving a lubricating oil and for forming a helical raceway between the ball nut and the screw shaft, a number of bearing members engaged between the ball nut and the screw shaft and in the helical raceway, and a forcing device includes a barrel having an outer helical member for forming a helical channel and for receiving the lubricating oil, and for forcing the lubricating oil to flow into the gap between the ball nut and the screw shaft and to effectively lubricate the bearing members when the barrel is rotated relative to the screw shaft.

Abstract: An arrangement of a hydraulically actuated shift actuator including a shift cylinder (3), arranged outside the hydraulic control unit of a transmission. The shift cylinder (3) of the shift actuator is fixed on a flat or circular machined area (2) on the inside of a housing (1). The side of the housing (1) facing away from the shift cylinder (3) has a flat surface (4) on which the hydraulic control unit (5) is fixed in a hydraulically leak-proof manner.

Abstract: A gear-shifting structure is provided for a vehicle. The vehicle includes a transmission box that contains therein a gear train, a clutch, a switching fork, a gear-shifting hub, and a motor. The motor cooperates with a worm shaft to actuate the clutching operation of the clutch and to cause movement of the gear-shifting hub in order to carry out the gear shifting operation. The motor has a rotary member that drives the worm shaft on which a worm and a cam are mounted. To effect gear shifting, the motor drives the worm shaft to have the cam abut and displace the clutch and at the same time, the worm drives the gear-shifting hub to thus realize the operation of gear shifting.

Abstract: A power transmission mechanism having a dog clutch for freely connecting and disconnecting power transmission between a first rotor and a second rotor on a common rotational shaft. The dog clutch has a plurality of dog jaws in one of the rotors and has, in the other rotor, a plurality of recess portions or other dog jaws to which the former dog jaws can be engaged. Tapered surfaces are formed at an end face of each of the former dog jaws in the axial direction and each of wall surface portions formed between the recess portions or an end face of each of the latter dog jaws.

Abstract: A sun shaft, planetary shafts, and a ring shaft having respective axes of rotation in parallel with one another are provided. A helical sun gear, helical planetary gears, and a helical ring gear are provided on the sun shaft, the planetary shafts, and the ring shaft, respectively, and cooperatively constitute a first planetary gear mechanism. A screw sun gear, screw planetary gears, and a screw ring gear 44 are provided on the sun shaft, the planetary shafts, and the ring shaft, respectively, and cooperatively constitute a second planetary gear mechanism. Either of the gear ratio of the screw sun gear to the screw planetary gears and the gear ratio of the screw ring gear to the screw planetary gears differs from the gear ratio of the helical sun gear to the helical planetary gears and from the gear ratio of the helical ring gear to the helical planetary gears.

Abstract: A finger throttle for motorized vehicles having thumb throttles with thumb operated levers. The finger throttle includes a housing, a linkage assembly, and a finger operated lever. The housing is configured to mount on the thumb throttle housing and the linkage assembly is configured to engage the thumb throttle linkage assembly. The finger operated lever is linked to the linkage assembly such that moving the finger operated lever moves the linkage assembly, which in turn moves the thumb throttle linkage assembly. The operator can use the finger operated lever or the thumb operated lever to control the engine speed or can use both levers concurrently to do so.

Abstract: A fastening system for axial fastening of an elongated element with a snap-on fastener to a support, in which the snap-on fastener encloses the elongated element, has a retaining ring with an internal spring and can be inserted by means of a groove into the U-shaped recess in a support and in the fixed state, the retaining ring acts by means of a spring against the support, in order to counteract axial loosening of the snap-on fastener. A support with at least one deep groove relative to the surface of support around the U-shaped recess, a snap-on fastener with an internal spring, which can be adjusted in the direction toward groove, and whose retaining ring has a face, whose shape corresponds to the shape of the groove of the support.

Abstract: A tool for opening and closing a boot buckle that has a latching lever including a base portion and a longitudinally extending first working head with an opening sized to engage the latching lever. A tongue portion projects from the base portion into the opening, and this opening may be formed as an annulus. Teeth may be provided on the internal sidewall of the opening. A second working head may be provided with a socket portion thereon to mount a tool piece. A lidded compartment may be formed in the base portion. A cord may mount to the base portion.

Abstract: A vehicle toe set adjustment device and method for adjusting a vehicle tie rod includes an adjustment head adapted to be received over a tie rod. The adjustment head includes a surface for engaging a tie rod fastener, a plurality of moveable collet keys mounted on the adjustment head, and a drive member engaging surface. An actuator on the adjustment head moves the collet keys to engage the tie rod after the tie rod is received in the adjustment head. A method is also provided for engaging moveable collet keys on an adjustment head to engage the tie rod for rotation of the tie rod to adjust the toe set of a vehicle wheel. The device and method are useful with a variety of tie rod assemblies on various vehicles having different sized tie rod assemblies.

Abstract: A stationary frame is positioned in surrounding relation with the surface of a polyethylene conduit to be prepared for scraping preliminary to performing electrofusion on the conduit by a keyhole operation in an excavated underground location. A scraper tool is mounted on the frame in a fixed longitudinal position to rotate around the surface of the conduit. A cutting blade of the scraping tool extends longitudinally a preselected length on the conduit into contact with the surface of the conduit. Rotation of the scraper tool carries the cutting blade completely around the surface of the conduit to remove a uniform layer of material from the surface of the conduit. Any out of roundness existing in the conduit is removed before the scraping operation is commenced. Uniform compression is applied by split clamps surrounding the conduit. Compression of the clamps restores the conduit to a concentric configuration preliminary to the electrofusion operation.

Abstract: The present invention is directed toward the design of a holding apparatus which allows contact lens lathes to hold contact lens buttons during the contact lens manufacturing process. The holding apparatus functions to hold lenses manufactured from a different sized stock than what the lens manufacturing equipment is designed to hold. In general the holding apparatus has a circular portion having a mating surface on a one side and a cylindrical protrusion extending from the other side. A contact lens lathe can hold the cylindrical protrusion of the holding apparatus while the mating surface mates with a surface on a contact lens button. The lens button and holding apparatus surfaces can be modified to allow more efficient machining of the lens buttons.

Abstract: An improved health and safety system for a table saw includes one or more of: a blade guard that protects the operator from the saw blade, and contains and collects sawdust; a proximity detector and emergency saw motor braking means for use in connection with such blade guard; an anti-kickback device for use in connection with such blade guard, a rip fence adapter for use in connection with such a blade guard, and hoses and fittings to connect the dust containment and collection system of said blade guard to a shop dust collection blower or vacuum system. The system protects the saw operator from potential traumatic injury to a hand, and from ingesting potentially carcinogenic sawdust.

Abstract: In at least one form of the invention, a clamp can be used to attach a saw accessory to a saw. In various embodiments, the clamp can comprise first and second clamping members, an actuator, and a controller. In various embodiments, the saw accessory can be disposed between the first and second clamping members where at least one of the first and second clamping members can be moved by the actuator in order to clamp the saw accessory therebetween. In at least one such embodiment, the controller can be in electrical and/or fluid communication with the actuator to activate the actuator. In various embodiments, the controller can be activated by an operator from a location proximate to the operator but remote from a blade of the saw.

Abstract: A hybrid towel dispenser is provided that can be operated in an automatic dispensing mode and a manual dispensing mode. The dispenser includes a drum having a retractable knife that extends out of the drum when the drum rotates past a selected position and severs a towel segment from a towel sheet. The dispenser also includes a motor, a manual advance assembly, and a one-way rotational coupling that couples the motor to the drum such that the motor rotates the drum in the automatic dispensing mode and a user can rotate the drum in the manual dispensing mode separately from the motor, using the manual advance assembly.

Abstract: A hands-free dispenser has a body and a cover connected to the body. A sensor element is attached to the body. The cover has an opening that enables the sensor to protrude through the cover and extend beyond a plane of the cover when the cover is closed.

Abstract: A food product slicer includes a base, a knife mounted for rotation relative to the base and a carriage mounted to the base for reciprocal movement back and forth past a cutting edge of the knife. A lift assist assembly is associated with the base and arranged to push the slicer upward toward an upward tilted position, the lift assist assembly arranged for reducing user input energy required to tilt the slicer upward.

Abstract: A food product slicer includes a base and a knife mounted for rotation relative to the base. A carriage assembly is mounted to the base for reciprocal movement back and forth past a cutting edge of the knife. The carriage assembly includes a home position forward of the knife and has a tray arm removably mounted to a carriage arm. An adjustable gauge plate is mounted for movement between a closed position that prevents slicing and multiple open positions that permit slicing at respective thicknesses. An interlock arrangement prevents removal of the tray arm from the carriage arm unless the carriage assembly is in the home position and the gauge plate is in the closed position. The interlock arrangement includes a key member rotatably mounted to the tray arm. A key slot may be located on the carriage arm for receiving an end of the key member.

Abstract: An auto-centering apparatus and method of auto-centering and dividing a cheese loaf into equal cheese portions is disclosed wherein the cheese loaf is loaded on to a bottom conveyor that centers the cheese along the cutting harp centerline and equally divides the cheese loaf to provide substantially equally sized cheese portions.

Abstract: In some embodiments, the present invention provides an apparatus and process that includes control electronics that generate an electronic control signal; and a plurality of optically or electrically pumped semiconductor lasers, quantum-cascade lasers, optical parametric generators, or optical parametric oscillators, operatively coupled to the control electronics, that output an optical signal having a plurality of wavelengths, each wavelength having an output intensity that is varied over time to simulate a combustion signature of a weapon. In some embodiments, at least two different infrared wavelengths are varied differently with time. Some embodiment are implemented as part of, for example, a anti-aircraft defense system, wherein incoming aircraft need to be disabled, and the present invention provides a way of distracting, exhausting, confusing, overwhelming, or bypassing the hostile aircraft's anti-missile defenses so that, e.g.

Abstract: To safely and reliably hold the forwardly spring-biased bolt assembly of a machine gun in a rearwardly disposed position within the receiver portion of the gun, a specially designed locking apparatus is mounted on an exterior side surface portion of the receiver. The locking apparatus has a slot therein which is operative to rearwardly receive a bolt pin portion of the bolt assembly which is anchored to the bolt assembly for reciprocating motion therewith and projects outwardly through a sidewall slot in the receiver for reciprocating motion with the bolt assembly. To releasably lock the bolt assembly in its rearward position the bolt pin is rearwardly moved into the locking apparatus slot, and a latch portion of the locking apparatus is moved to block forward exit of the pin from the locking apparatus slot.

Abstract: An ammunition magazine box is provided for receiving a vertically serpentined length of belted ammunition for selective outfeed from the box to a machine gun. A specially designed support bracket structure, representatively of a length adjustable construction, is provided and suitably secured within the interior of the magazine box. At least a portion of the belted ammunition loops rest on a top side surface of the installed support bracket structure. The top support bracket structure side surface is (1) laterally sloped, in a direction transverse to the lengths of the belt loops, to inhibit a tilting-created intermeshing of vertically adjacent projectile ends of the ammunition rounds which could cause a feed jam, and/or (2) longitudinally sloped, in a direction parallel to the lengths of the belt loops, to desirably lessen the ammunition outfeed force that must be exerted by the machine gun.

Abstract: An electronic shield provides protection against rocket propelled grenades. The electronic shield has a mounting frame having opposite first and second mounting surfaces. Grids of electrodes are mounted in spaced-apart relation one behind the other on the first and second mounting surfaces of the mounting frame to form an impact surface configured to be impacted by a rocket propelled grenade. Each grid of electrodes has first connecting end portions connected directly to the first mounting surface of the mounting frame and second connecting end portions connected to the second mounting surface of the mounting frame via respective elastic members. During impact of a grenade on the impact surface, at least one electronic operation device instantaneously directs high power modulated electronic pulses to the impact surface to instantaneously deactivate the grenade.

Abstract: Recoil mitigating devices and methods for use with projectile firing systems such as a disrupter mounted to a robotic arm. A pair of parallel spring provides dampening of axial recoil movement of the disrupter relative to the robotic arm. Forward ends of the springs are attachable to the barrel of the disrupter while rearward portions of the springs are attachable to the robotic arm by a robot mount block. The robot mount block at least partially encloses the barrel of the disrupter in connecting the parallel springs and permits axial movement of the disrupter along or through the mount during firing.

Abstract: A control system for a reciprocating device includes a switching valve, a toggle for operating the valve, a trigger associated with the reciprocating device to actuate the toggle, and biasing means disposed on the trigger for applying a biasing force to the toggle. The valve includes a first drive line, a second drive line, a fluid supply inlet and a fluid exhaust outlet. The valve switches between the first and second drive lines upon actuation of the toggle by the trigger, to switch direction of the reciprocating device.

Abstract: A double-acting cylinder and piston mechanism comprising a cylinder (1) substantially closed at both ends by front (5) and rear (7) end walls, a piston (8) axially displaceable within the cylinder (1), a first region (6) defined between the piston (8) and the rear end wall (7) of the cylinder (1) and a second region (4) defined between the piston (8) and the front end wall (5) of the cylinder (1), a piston rod (2) extending from the piston (8) through the front end wall (5) of the cylinder (1), an air inlet port (19) for communication with said first region (6) of the cylinder (1) and at least one exhaust vent (14) which is exposed during axial displacement of the piston (8) for release of air delivered to the cylinder (1) through the air inlet port (19).

Abstract: A one-piece steel piston that is made from a piston blank that includes a portion that is configured and designed to be displaced to form a cooling gallery and ring belt. The piston blank can be formed by a casting or forging process. The portion that is designed and configured to be displaced is a flange that extends radially outward. The flange is bent downward or upward so that a peripheral edge of the flange contacts another portion of the piston. The peripheral edge of the flange and the other portion of the piston can be welded together or mechanically engaged.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system for pasteurization thermal treatment of foodstuffs, particularly leaf products, comprised of means for loading the product to be subjected to treatment and means for discharging the treated product. The system is comprised of a first treatment section in which the product to be subjected to treatment is conveyed by the loading means and wherein the first treatment section heats the product by a treatment fluid, so as to reduce starting concentration of thermo sensitive bacterial flora present in the same. A second treatment section is provided in cascade with the first treatment section. The second treatment section cools the product by the treatment fluid, so as to stop growing of residual bacterial flora present.

Abstract: A squeezing machine whose actual squeezing element is formed mainly of a cone or rotating head which, apart from the rotating movement, has upward or downward movement depending on the point in the squeezing operation, on which there is a set of blades in the form of fins in such a way that the fruit is deposited on said blades and when these are pushed by the rotating cone in its upward path exert pressure on the fruit, slicing this vertically and guiding it towards the cone for crushing the pulp, as the fruit cannot escape through being trapped in the recess inside a dome that may consist of two parts, one of them moving, in such a way that as it moves it leaves open a hole communicating the squeezing element with a bin containing the fruit to be squeezed, allowing in a fruit previously aligned with said hollow by means of a pulling system.