Abstract: A method of determining at least one rotation parameter of a wind turbine rotor rotating with a rotation speed and a phase is provided. The method includes: measuring an effective centrifugal force acting in a first pre-determined direction, which is defined in a co-ordinate system rotating synchronously with the rotor, on at least one reference object located in or at the rotor, establishing a first angular frequency representing the rotation speed of the rotor on the basis of variations in the measured effective centrifugal force due to gravitational force, establishing a second angular frequency representing the rotation speed of the rotor by use of at least one yaw rate gyro, and establishing the value of the rotation speed as the rotational parameter by correcting the second angular frequency by comparing it to the first angular frequency.

Abstract: A micromechanical sensor comprising a substrate (5) and at least one mass (6) which is situated on the substrate (5) and which moves relative to the substrate (5) is used to detect motions of the sensor based on an acceleration force and/or Coriolis force which occur(s). The mass (6) and the substrate (5) and/or two masses which move toward one another are connected by at least one bending spring device (1) for a relative rotational motion. The bending spring device (1) has multiple, in particular two, spring bars (2) extending essentially parallel to one another for improving the linear spring characteristic of the bending spring device during the rotational motion, and at least one meander (3) on at least one, preferably on all, of the spring bars (2).

Abstract: The present invention discloses a MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical System, MEMS) accelerator with enhanced structural strength. The MEMS accelerator is located on a substrate, and it includes: multiple springs, wherein each spring includes: an anchor, fixed on the substrate; an extensible part, which has a fixed end fixed on the anchor, and a free end floating above the substrate; a proof mass, connected to the free ends of the springs; and multiple in-plane sense electrodes, wherein the extensible part is folded back and forth to form a substantially polygon shape as a whole, in which the fixed end is located within the middle one third length of one side of the substantially polygon shape, and the free end is located within the middle one third length of an opposite side of the substantially polygon shape.

Abstract: A resonance testing apparatus has a plurality of arms for supporting a workpiece. At least one of said arms incorporates an articulation assembly having: a strut, a joint element which is movable in response to movement of the strut, and a clamp arrangement for clamping the joint element. The assembly has a first condition in which the joint element is movable and a second condition in which the clamp arrangement acts on the joint element to damp or restrict movement of the strut. The assembly includes a seating for the joint element, and a biasing arrangement for the seating. The assembly has a first condition in which the joint element is arranged on the seating and is movable on the seating and a second condition in which the biasing arrangement acts on the seating to damp or restrict movement of the joint element on the seating.

Abstract: A microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) pressure sensor device (20, 62) includes a substrate structure (22, 64) having a cavity (32, 68) formed therein and a substrate structure (24) having a reference element (36) formed therein. A sense element (44) is interposed between the substrate structures (22, 24) and is spaced apart from the reference element (36). The sense element (44) is exposed to an external environment (48) via one of the cavity (68) and a plurality of openings (38) formed in the reference element (36). The sense element (44) is movable relative to the reference element (36) in response to a pressure stimulus (54) from the environment (48). Fabrication methodology (76) entails forming (78) the substrate structure (22, 64) having the cavity (32, 68), fabricating (84) the substrate structure (24) including the sense element (44), coupling (92) the substrate structures, and subsequently forming (96) the reference element (36) in the substrate structure (24).

Abstract: A measuring system comprises: a measuring transducer of vibration type, through which fluid flows during operation, and which produces oscillation signals corresponding to parameters of the flowing fluid; as well as a transmitter electronics (TE), which is electrically coupled with the measuring transducer, and serves for activating the measuring transducer and for evaluating oscillation signals delivered by the measuring transducer. The measuring transducer (MT) includes: At least one measuring tube (10; 10?) for conveying flowing fluid; at least one electro-mechanical oscillation exciter (41) for actively exciting and/or maintaining bending oscillations of the at least one measuring tube in a wanted mode; and at least a first oscillation sensor (51) for registering vibrations of the at least one measuring tube, and for producing an oscillation signal (s1) of the measuring transducer, representing vibrations at least of the at least one measuring tube.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a vibrating flow meter (210) and a method of providing a vibrating flow meter (210). The vibrating flow meter (210) includes a conduit (103A) and a driver (104) configured to vibrate the conduit (103A). The vibrating flow meter (210) also includes a first pick-off (105). The first pick-off (105) includes a first pick-off component (105a) and a second pick-off component (105b). The vibrating flow meter (210) also includes a reference member (150). The first pick-off component (105a) is coupled to the reference member (150) while the second pick-off component (105b) is coupled to the conduit (103A) proximate the first pick-off component (105a). The vibrating flow meter (210) also includes a balancing element (253) coupled to the reference member (150).

Abstract: A pressure sensor is disclosed that can help isolate the sensor and/or sensor components from a media to be sensed and/or can help reduce sensor damage caused by harsh operating environments. In one illustrative embodiment, the pressure sensor may include a substrate having a pressure sensing die mounted on a first side of the substrate, a first housing member defining a first cavity around the pressure sensing die, and a second housing member defining a second cavity on the second side of the substrate. A passivating agent, such as a gel, can be positioned in both the first cavity and the second cavity to transmit pressure from the media to a pressure sensing element (e.g. diaphragm) while isolating the pressure sensing element and other components from the media. In some cases, the first housing member and/or the second housing member may include an opening for exposing the passivating agent to the media.

Abstract: A feedback system for identifying an external force, includes an operation plate and a pressure-sensing unit. The pressure-sensing unit includes an elastic member supporting the operation plate and a pressure sensor inside the elastic member. The pressure sensor includes a pressure sensitive film. An inner side of the elastic member is filled with fluid material which acts on the pressure sensitive film. The operation plate is driven by the external force to be slant which extrudes the elastic member to deform so as to change fluid pressure of the fluid material limited in the elastic member, and such change of the fluid pressure can be sensed by the pressure sensitive film of the pressure sensor so as to identify the movement and the intensity of the external force.

Abstract: The sample preparation system according to the invention comprises substantially a transport mechanism movable in the x, y and z directions, which at a first retaining fixture has a sampler for taking up samples that is movable in the z direction and at a second retaining fixture supports a processing apparatus for processing samples that is movable in the z direction, wherein the sampler is connected via at least one connecting line to the processing apparatus for fluid exchange.

Abstract: In the pharmaceutical industry, dissolution testing is a critical step in quality control and a standard method for assessing batch-to-batch consistency of solid oral drug delivery systems, such as tablets. One of the most widely used dissolution test devices is the UPS Apparatus 2 (paddle). At present, dissolution testing remains susceptible to significant error and test failures. Previous studies indicate that poor reproducibility of dissolution testing data and inconsistency of dissolution results can arise from the complex hydrodynamics present in the unbaffled, hemispherical-bottom, agitated vessel that constitute the UPS Apparatus 2. In the present invention, a novel dissolution testing apparatus was constructed in which the impeller was placed off-center with respect to the center point of the vessel bottom.

Abstract: A rail train actuated energy generating device for the use in a path of a train includes an actuator arm for transverse disposed on side, parallel to rail tracks across the path of the track ties in a module mounted to the ground, wherein the actuator includes a “Y” type member, the bottom of the “Y” actuator is tied to a shaft with a one way clutch gear in a said module in oil bath, another shaft with a roller is attached to top two tips of “Y”. The actuator arm having being pushed by a “V” type attachment mounted to the edge of train's undercarriage on same side in line with the actuator arms. Thereby moving the actuator arm approximately 75+ degrees as the train passes. This motion of the actuator arm turns the shaft of the actuator arm with the one way clutch locked turning the gear attached to the one way clutch, housed in a module.

Abstract: The disclosure provides new crankshaft configurations for various purposes. In one embodiment, new crankshaft configurations are provided that are believed to be particularly suitable with internal combustion engines. Exemplary mechanisms convert a linear sinusoidal motion to a rotational one. In another embodiment, new crankshaft configurations are provided that are believed to be particularly suitable with manually operated drive systems, such as on bicycles. Exemplary mechanisms convert elliptic or linear reciprocating motion into angular motion.

Abstract: To provide a linear motion mechanism and a robot in which when a magnetic joint is disengaged, the joint relation of the magnetic joint can be easily restored. A linear motion mechanism includes a movable part that receives a reaction force from a guild disposed in one axis direction, and moves along the guide, a sliding part that slides along the guides, a magnetic joint that magnetically joins the movable part to the sliding part, and a restoration member that restores a joint relation between the movable part and the sliding part.

Abstract: A mechanical actuator for translating rotational motion to linear motion. The actuator includes a motor, a screw assembly, a bearing assembly, and first and second lubrication systems. The screw assembly includes a housing, a threaded screw shaft disposed within the housing, a nut assembly, and an extension tube. The threaded screw shaft is rotatable by the motor. The nut assembly is arranged to move in either direction along a longitudinal axis of the threaded screw shaft when the threaded screw shaft is in rotational motion, thereby moving the extension tube between an extended position and a retracted position. The bearing assembly is arranged to provide support to at least a portion of a length of the threaded screw shaft. A pathway of the first lubrication system is remote and isolated from a pathway of the second lubrication system.

Abstract: A handle section of a small electric device is described that has a handle housing in which a drive unit is disposed, a first connector element extending from the housing being adapted for connection with an attachment section, the first connector element being coupled to the drive unit; a second connector element extending from the housing being adapted for connection with the attachment section, the second connector element being coupled to the drive unit, wherein the first connector element linearly reciprocates relative to the housing during operation and the second connector element linearly reciprocates relative to the housing with a 180 degrees phase shift with respect to the first connector element.

Abstract: A drive assembly for a motor vehicle with a clutch device on the input side. The drive assembly includes a transmission having input and output shafts, loose and fixed gearwheels, shifting devices for coupling the loose gearwheels to the transmission shafts, a power take-off (PTO) gearwheel that can be driven by the input of the clutch device, and a PTO clutch for engaging the PTO gearwheel in the torque flow. The PTO clutch is arranged in the torque flow after and axially adjacent a starting and shifting clutch. The clutch device comprises the starting and shifting clutch, the PTO clutch and two actuators. The starting and shifting clutch is a friction clutch and the PTO clutch is a claw clutch. The two clutches have a clutch cover and a common actuator housing, and the coupling device of the PTO clutch is arranged radially outside the clutch cover.

Abstract: An organ type acceleration pedal assembly includes a pedal pad that connected to a floor panel below a driver seat by a hinge and swings within a predetermined rotation angle range to accelerate a vehicle. A linear bearing mounted at the center of the rear surface of the pedal pad in a longitudinal direction of the pedal pad moves linearly with the swing of the pedal pad. A pedal arm rotationally fixed to a mounting bracket formed on a dash panel below the driver seat has one end connected to the linear bearing by a hinge so as to move forward and backward with the linear movement of the linear bearing, and another end that adjusts the switching of a throttle valve with the forward and backward movement of the one end.

Abstract: An operating control device for adjusting the power of a heating device has a rotary knob that has an off position in which said rotary knob is deactivated, and a working position into which said knob can be brought to adjust the power. The working position is predetermined by a lock-in position, and the rotary knob can be rotated over a working angle of a rotation range in at least one direction of rotation from the working position counter to a counterforce that rises as the angle of rotation increases. The operating control device can detect the angle of rotation and uses a control system of the operating control device for adjusting the power. The control system is configured in such a manner that the power is adjusted more rapidly as the angle of rotation increases.

Abstract: A bicycle crank assembly is provided that basically provided with a crank arm that includes a first outer shell, a second outer shell, a first axle supporting member and a second axle supporting member. The first outer shell has a first elongated portion with a first axle attachment end. The second outer shell has a second elongated portion with a second axle attachment end. The first and second outer shells are adhesively attached together to form an interior cavity therebetween. The first axle supporting member is disposed at the first axle attachment end of the first outer shell. The first axle supporting member has a first bore with a first splined inner surface that is at least partially disposed in the interior cavity between the first and second outer shells. The second axle supporting member is disposed at the second axle attachment end of the second outer shell.

Abstract: A controller of the present invention is provided for valve to be connected thereto. The controller is used for executing rotation and movement motion so as to operate the stem of the valve and to control connection conditions of the valve. As such, the valve assembled with the controller can be controlled and switched automatically. Cost of management of factories is minimized.

Abstract: An alteration of the traditional zinc/zinc-amalgam reduction procedure which eliminates both the hazardous mercury and dangerous hydrogen gas generation. In order to avoid the presence of water and hydrated protons in the working solution, which can oxidize Eu2+ and cause hydrogen gas production, a process utilizing methanol as the process solvent is described. While methanol presents some flammability hazard in a radiological hot cell, it can be better managed and is less of a flammability hazard than hydrogen gas generation.

Abstract: In a method for forming high purity NiTi alloys conventionally formed NiTi alloy containing inclusions is melted with a slag forming material which will chemically react with the inclusions. The slag forming material preferably is or contains CaF2 and some free calcium.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing magnetic metal particles for magnetic recording, comprising: heat-treating goethite particles having an aluminum content of 4 to 50 atom % in terms of Al based on whole Fe to obtain hematite particles; and heat-reducing the hematite particles at a temperature of 200 to 600° C., the goethite particles being obtained by adding a peroxodisulfate to a reaction solution comprising: a ferrous salt aqueous solution and a mixed alkali aqueous solution comprising: an alkali hydrogen carbonate aqueous solution or alkali carbonate aqueous solution and an alkali hydroxide aqueous solution before initiation of an oxidation reaction of the reaction solution, and then conducting the oxidation reaction.

Abstract: Methods for degassing and for removing impurities from molten metals are disclosed. These methods can include operating an ultrasonic device in a molten metal bath, and adding a purging gas into the molten metal bath through the tip of the ultrasonic device.

Abstract: The process relates improving the recovery of a metal catalyst from an oxidizer purge stream produced in the synthesis of carboxylic acid, typically terephthalic acid, while utilizing pressure filtration.

Abstract: To solve problems in a conventional electric can opening apparatus wherein it is impractical to drain the unwanted liquid from the inside of the can after opening the container and disposing of the top lid or top without touching it. The composite can opener includes a body with a gripping member gripping a can while an opening member cuts the top of the can open and a piston that selectively pushes the top into and out of the can after it has been cut.

Abstract: A socket assembly includes an insulating outer layer, a workpiece connector mounted in a first end of the insulating outer layer, and a tool connector mounted in a second end of the insulating outer layer and spaced from the workpiece connector. Thus, the separation wall of the insulating outer layer between the workpiece connector and the tool connector can isolate the workpiece connector from the tool connector so that when an electric current is electrically conducted to the workpiece connector through the workpiece, the electric current will not be delivered from the workpiece connector to the tool connector, thereby preventing an operator from directly contacting with the electric current so as to protect the operator's safety.

Abstract: A wrench for a valve includes an elongated member having a first end portion and a second end portion. A first leg and a second leg are attached to the first end portion. The first leg and the second leg extend at an angle with respect to each other to form a gap therebetween. The first leg and second leg both having an inner surface for engaging with an outer surface of a bonnet and both legs having a front surface for engaging with a side surface of a rib attached to the outer surface of the bonnet. The wrench also including a handle attached to the second end portion.

Abstract: Stabilization of a circular saw blade is provided, through use of a blade stabilizer mounted adjacent a workpiece in a fixed relationship to the workpiece and having a stabilizer contact element adapted to bear against the circular saw blade and exert a force against the saw blade in a direction substantially perpendicular to a cutting plane of the saw blade at a point on at least one of the blade faces on the working side of the blade, proximate an axis of motion passing through an axis of rotation of the saw blade and the workpiece in the cutting plane, as the circular saw blade and/or the workpiece move relative to one another along the axis of motion. The axis of motion may be linear or curved. Some embodiments include additional blade stabilizers.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the simultaneous multiple track cutting of several food products, in which the products are cut by means of a common cutting apparatus, in particular a high performance slicer, which has at least one cutting blade which rotates about a blade axis in a cutting plane and/or revolves about a central axis in a planetary motion manner and to which the products are supplied in multiple tracks, and in which blank cuts are carried out in at least a passive track and/or in which the supply of the respective product is suspended at least at times, while the respective product is sliced in at least one other active track.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the simultaneous multitrack slicing of a plurality of food products, in particular food products of different types, into respective portions including at least one product slice, wherein the products are sliced using a common slicing apparatus, in particular a high-performance slicer, which has at least one cutting blade which rotates in a cutting plane about a blade axis and/or revolves about a central axis in a planetary motion and in that the products are individually supplied to the cutting blade such that each portion satisfies a condition predefined for the respective track which in particular relates to the weight of the portion, the weight and/or the thickness of the product slices forming the portion and/or the number of the product slices forming the portion.

Abstract: A cutting tool is described. The tool engages with a standard press tool and is used for cutting brittle pipe such as cast iron soil pipe. The tool features a cutting chain assembly that is tensioned about the pipe by a pair of pivotally moveable arms.

Abstract: When an original point position of a transport roller is detected using an original point detecting sensor and a downstream end in the transport direction of an elongated sheet is positioned on a more downstream side in the transport direction than a cutting position, the sheet is cut by a cutter. Thereafter, a correction chart is generated by driving the transport roller and a recording unit.

Abstract: A process and a cutting machine for working of lying work pieces, particularly plates, glass-sheets, etc. on a machine-tool by means of a cutting fluid-jet (3), particularly of a laser-jet or a high-pressure water-jet on a lattice-like support (9). At least one fixed work piece is cut by the fluid-jet (3), especially water jet exiting from at least one first nozzle (2), so that the work piece (1 a) is preferably separated by a cut gap (7) from a rest piece (1 b). The respective working position of the nozzle (2) relative the work piece (1 a) is controlled. For hindering a tilting of the work piece (1 a) and/or the rest piece (1 b) during the processing of the work piece (1 a), border-fixing and distance-holding elements (8) are associated with the cut gap (7) in such a manner, that the neighboring border-fixing and distance-holding elements (8) are arranged from each other in a distance depending on the outline of the work piece (1 a) and/or of a respective length of the cut gap (7).

Abstract: A linear cutting assembly for a food sheet comprises a cutting surface assembly, an arm assembly, and a cutting assembly. The cutting surface assembly comprises a base that has a first channel formed at a first end of the base. The arm assembly comprises an elongated portion and a locking mechanism. The elongated portion has a track. The locking mechanism is adapted to partially reside within the first channel of the cutting surface assembly. The locking mechanism releasably secures the arm assembly relative to the cutting surface assembly. The cutting assembly comprises a rotatable blade. The cutting assembly is adapted to connect to the track of the arm assembly and move relative to the track of the arm assembly.

Abstract: Throat plates for table saws and table saws including the same are disclosed. In some embodiments, the throat plates and/or saws include at least one securement mechanism adapted to secure and prevent inadvertent removal of the throat plate from the throat of the saw. In some embodiments, at least one of the securement mechanisms also provides a height adjustment mechanism and/or prevents vertical removal of the throat plate. In some embodiments, the throat plate includes an accessory mounting port that provides a portal for accessories, including safety accessories, to extend through the plate from beneath the table of the saw. In some embodiments, the port extends from the plate's outer perimeter to divide the plate's rear end portion into a pair of spaced-apart members. In some embodiments, these members are independently secured to the table saw and retained apart from each other by one or more of the securement mechanisms.

Abstract: In some aspects of the invention, a punching tool includes a punching stamp including a stamp shaft and an axial stop; and an adjustment ring having a center opening configured to receive the stamp shaft and abut the axial stop, where a first mark is located along a cylindrical portion of the stamp shaft adjoining the axial stop, and at least a portion of the first mark remains visible when the adjustment ring is abutted against the axial stop.

Abstract: A saw blade for use with a reciprocating saw includes a body and an attachment portion extending from the body. The attachment portion includes a tang and an aperture configured to connect to the reciprocating saw. The saw blade also includes a cutting portion formed on the body. The cutting portion includes a plurality of cutting teeth and a floor guard tooth positioned adjacent at least one of the plurality of cutting teeth. Each cutting tooth has a tip that defines a plane. The floor guard tooth extends from the body beyond the plane. The attachment portion is offset from the plane to reduce interference of the reciprocating saw with a surface while performing a footer cut with the saw blade. The floor guard tooth contacts the surface while performing the footer cut to inhibit the plurality of cutting teeth from contacting the surface.

Abstract: A segmented, interactive audio-visual content progress bar and method of use whose divisions provide an information and instructional index of performance content. The progress bar provides a time linear segmentation of a user component of a performance content and a sound signal corresponding to the performance content. The progress bar provides a time progress marker advancing with time as a corresponding indicator of the user component of the performance content.

Abstract: This invention concerns a business method by which improved instruction of advanced guitar playing is possible. String groupings and inversions on those string groupings are presented to the student in a way reflective of pattern, and of overall musical theory. Twenty inversions of the same chord are visible on the guitar neck at one time and the student is taught a schematic approach to recognize and play any of those chord inversions at will. This method is useful either by in-person instruction, online instruction, television, DVD, book, or other medium that can be monetized and produces the result that an advanced guitar player purchasing these instructions can rapidly achieve an elite understanding of guitar chords. Using this method, the student will understand how instantly to be able to play any chord possible on the guitar, at any position on the musical staff possible to the guitar, and with any particular note of that chord being the lowest note fingered on the guitar at a given time.

Abstract: A rope structure comprising a plurality of fibers combined to form a plurality of yarns which are in turn combined to form a plurality of strands. The plurality of strands are combined using a single braid process to form the rope structure defining a void space. At least one of the fibers, the yarns, and the strands are configured substantially to reduce a volume of the void space and thereby maintain a shape of the rope structure when the rope structure is under load.

Abstract: A non-reciprocating, self-engaging charging handle is disclosed. It comprises a spring biased forward latch mounted upon a sliding body with a protruding handle. The spring bias causes the latch to positively engage the firearm's bolt carrier group when the handle is brought forward into contact therewith. A secondary latching system secures the charging handle to the upper receiver when not in use and disengages automatically when and only when a user desires to operate the handle.

Abstract: A gas cylinder actuator with a safety device for controlled ejection of the piston stem, which has, on the side of the region for fixing the head portion to the jacket, a region in low relief on the inner face of the jacket, designed to interrupt the seal provided selectively either by the gasket elements associated with the piston or by the gasket elements associated with the head portion, and normally operating against the inner face of the jacket, in case of separation of the head portion with an outward movement of the piston.

Abstract: An electronically controlled valve includes a valve member moveable between a first position and a second position. A valve member moving mechanism is operable to receive energy from a fluid-working machine crankshaft, or other rotating shaft, and to provide a valve member moving force to urge the valve member from the first position to the second position using the received energy. Thus, the energy used for movement of the valve against a pressure gradient is derived from the crankshaft. Energy received from the crankshaft can be stored and used subsequently to urge the valve member from the first position, allowing the valve to function despite timing differences between the availability of energy from the crankshaft and the requirement for energy to move the valve member.

Abstract: A compressed-air energy storage system according to embodiments of the present invention comprises a reversible mechanism to compress and expand air, one or more compressed air storage tanks, a control system, one or more heat exchangers, and, in certain embodiments of the invention, a motor-generator. The reversible air compressor-expander uses mechanical power to compress air (when it is acting as a compressor) and converts the energy stored in compressed air to mechanical power (when it is acting as an expander). In certain embodiments, the compressor-expander comprises one or more stages, each stage consisting of pressure vessel (the “pressure cell”) partially filled with water or other liquid. In some embodiments, the pressure vessel communicates with one or more cylinder devices to exchange air and liquid with the cylinder chamber(s) thereof. Suitable valving allows air to enter and leave the pressure cell and cylinder device, if present, under electronic control.

Abstract: A pump piston device is for reciprocating movement in a pump cylinder. Between the pump piston and the pump cylinder, an annular space is formed which is defined by a first seal and a second seal, the annular space being pressurized, and the first seal and the second seal being in a common piece of material which constitutes the pump piston.

Abstract: A displacement assembly includes a rotor and a plurality of reciprocating members in engagement with the rotor. The displacement assembly further includes a ring assembly. The ring assembly defines a cam surface that is in engagement with the reciprocating members. The ring assembly has a first ring and an axially adjacent second ring with at least one of the first and second rings being adapted for selective movement relative to the other between a neutral position and a displaced position. The first ring has a first ring portion defining a bore that has an inner surface. The second ring has a second ring portion defining a bore that has an inner surface. A first circumferential portion of the inner surface of the first ring portion and a second circumferential portion of the inner surface of the second ring portion define the cam surface in the displaced position.

Abstract: A master cylinder assembly includes a cylinder body, a piston member operably fitted therein, and a pressure valve assembly to establish a variable fluid output upon operation of the piston member. The cylinder body includes two or more pressure chambers to hold hydraulic fluid, each having a transfer port. The piston member includes two or more pistons respectively received in the pressure chambers, and is operable to move the pistons, in parallel, to transfer hydraulic fluid through the transfer ports. The pressure valve assembly includes a selector and is operable to direct fluid transferred through selected transfer ports out of the cylinder body through an outlet port by means of a movable valve member that establishes a passageway communicating the selected transfer ports with the outlet port. A pivot adjustment mechanism allows adjustment of the lever's mechanical advantage, and a stroke adjustment mechanism allows adjustment of the lever's rest position.

Abstract: A piston pump, in particular a hydraulic piston pump, includes a piston movable in a piston housing and a piston guide element, arranged between the piston housing and the piston, for guiding and/or mounting the piston. The piston guide element is configured as a coating applied fixedly at least to an inner surface area of the piston housing or to an outer surface area of the piston.