Abstract: A method is provided for protecting a refrigerant vapor compression system during a standstill period following shutdown of the refrigerant vapor compression system. A method is provided for detecting a low refrigerant charge level in a refrigerant vapor compression system operating in a transcritical mode. A refrigerant vapor compression system is provided that includes a controller operative to perform a refrigerant charge detection method.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention is a gas discharge system utilizing a temperature-actuated valve. The temperature-actuated valve uses a temperature-measuring device to sense the temperature of the natural gas after it pass through an expansion valve and after leaving a heat exchanger inside the discharge station. This temperature-measuring device sends a signal to a valve that is automatically actuated. If the temperature of the gas is too low, the valve is tightened, increasing the residence time in the heat exchanger and increasing the gas temperature. If the gas temperature is too high, the valve is opened, reducing the residence time in the heat exchanger, decreasing gas temperature. Using this temperature-actuated valve to control the temperature of a wet gas discharge station is also disclosed.

Abstract: In an air conditioner provided with an oil-return-operation control portion that performs an oil-return operation, when oil-return conditions are satisfied, by controlling the rotational speed of a compressor, the degree of opening of an expansion valve, etc., with a predetermined refrigerant cycle and provided with high-outdoor-air-temperature oil-return operation means for performing a forced oil-return operation via the oil-return-operation control portion when an outdoor temperature increases and a state in which a detection value of an outdoor air temperature sensor is higher than a set value continues for a predetermined period of time, the oil-return operation is prohibited for a certain period of time after performing the forced oil-return operation via the high-outdoor-air-temperature oil-return operation means.

Abstract: A heat pump interoperating hot water feeding apparatus is provided that may determine whether to activate only the first coolant circulation circuit along which the first coolant is circulated or the first coolant circulation circuit as well as the second coolant circulation circuit along which the second coolant is circulated depending on an external air temperature or target water temperature, thus providing the optimal performance.

Abstract: A reciprocating compressor includes a first cylinder and a second cylinder, first and second suction cutoff unloader valve assemblies, and a controller. The first and second suction cutoff unloader valve assemblies are integral to the compressor and are capable of a rapid cycling to interrupt flow of refrigerant to the first and second cylinders. The controller operates at least one of the first suction cutoff unloader valve assembly or second suction cut-off unloader valve assembly in the rapid cycling and monitor a number of rapid cycles. In another aspect, a multi-stage compressor comprises a lower pressure stage and a higher pressure stage, and at least one suction cutoff unloader valve assembly capable of a rapid cycling to interrupt flow of refrigerant to a lower stage cylinder.

Abstract: The instant invention describes a device for producing and dispensing flavored ice cubes into a beverage which comprises an upper portion and a lower portion. The upper portion comprises the internal parts of the ice machine for dispensing flavored ice cubes that produces the flavored ice, including a beverage holding tank to hold one or more beverages. Coupled to the beverage holding tank is a fill channel for transporting the beverage from a first location to the tank, and for re-circulating melted flavored ice cubes formed therein. A first supply hose fluidly connects the beverage holding tank to a pump, which when activated, transports the beverage from the beverage holding device to a pressurized supply line. After receiving the beverage, the ice maker device produces ice cubes in the flavor of the beverage and stores them in a flavored ice cube storage container.

Abstract: An outdoor unit of an air conditioner for facilitating setting of an electrical component box into the outdoor unit. A blower chamber 10 side of a box base plate 62 is similar in shape to the a lower partition plate 50 provided with a receiving part 50a formed by bending inward an upper end of the lower partition plate 50. When joining an electrical component box 60 to the lower partition plate 50, the box base plate 62 is set onto the receiving part 50a along a flange 62a, whereby positioning the electrical component box 60, which is fixed to the lower partition plate 50 by fastening with a screw, welding, or other suitable method. The positioning can be achieved only by putting the box 60 on the receiving part 50a along the flange 62a. Facilitated positioning and fixing leads to simplicity and enhanced workability.

Abstract: The compressor, evaporator, and condenser of a conventional refrigerator are integrated in one unit. The present invention separates the compressor and/or condenser from the refrigerator unit and locates them in another package unit. The two units are connected via attachable refrigerant pipes. The new split refrigerator will be quiet, efficient, and safe.

Abstract: A recuperative generation-absorption system is formed by generator, the first absorber, the second absorber, the first solution heat exchanger, the second solution heat exchanger, the steam bleeding chamber, the solution pump and the second solution pump or added the third solution pump too. In the system, the first solution pump connects generator, the first solution heat exchanger, the first absorber, the steam bleeding chamber in turn. After that, the second solution pump connects the second solution heat exchanger, the second absorber, the first absorber, the first solution heat exchanger and generator one by one. Then the tandem cycle is formed. The independent cycle can be formed as follows. The first solution pump connects generator, the first solution heat exchanger, the first absorber and the second solution pump connects the steam bleeding chamber, the second solution heat exchanger and the second absorber in file.

Abstract: To provide an air-conditioning apparatus capable of achieving energy saving. Pump control of controlling the operating capacity of a pump is performed such that the opening degree of a heat medium flow control device, controlled by control of the heat medium flow control device, approaches a target opening degree, and a refrigeration cycle as a refrigerant circuit is controlled such that the temperature of a heat medium, whose flow rate is controlled by the control of the heat medium flow control device and the pump control, approaches a target temperature.

Abstract: A three-media evaporator for a cooling unit utilizing the vapor compression refrigeration cycle. The apparatus includes a number of heat exchange tubes, each tube including an inner heat exchange tube adapted to carry a primary heat exchange medium and an outer heat exchange tube, adapted to carry an intermediate heat exchange medium. The intermediate heat exchange medium is in thermal communication with the primary heat exchange medium. A direct heat exchange mechanism, which in one aspect can be a set of fins, is in simultaneous thermal communication with the ambient medium and with the intermediate heat exchange medium. In each heat exchange tube the outer tube at least partially surround the inner tube, defining an annular space between the tubes. The intermediate medium is carried in the annular space.

Abstract: A fluid is liquefied from a gaseous state to a liquid state, and the liquefied fluid is stored. In one embodiment, the fluid is oxygen. Mechanisms are employed that enhance the durability, longevity, reliability, efficiency, of a system used to liquefy the fluid.

Abstract: The invention provides a jewellery product comprising a plurality of filling items trapped in an open-mesh shell. The shell comprises a plurality of mesh openings through which the filling items are unable to pass, and at least one filling opening through which the filling items are able to pass. The filling opening is occluded by an occluding member to trap the filling items within the shell. The invention further provides a method of making the jewellery product.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a glass composition and articles made from the composition that are both polarizing and photorefractive. The glass has, for example, a composition consisting essentially of, in weight percent (“wt. %”) of 70-73 SiO2, 13-17% B2O3, 8-10% Na2O, 2-4% Al2O3, 0.005-0.1% CuO, <0.4% Cl, 0.1-0.5% Ag, 0.1-0.3% Br. In another embodiment the composition consists essentially of 70-77% SiO2, 13-18% B2O3, 8-10% Na2O, 2-4% Al2O3, 0.005-0.1% CuO, <0.4% Cl, 0.1-0.5% Ag, 0.1-0.3% Br. The glass can be used make articles or elements that can exhibits both the photorefractive effect and the polarizing effect within a single element or article, and can be used to make a variety of optical elements including Bragg gratings, filtering elements, and beam shaping elements and light collection elements for use in display, security, defense, metrology, imaging and communications applications.

Abstract: There is provided a method for producing an optical fiber preform used in producing an optical fiber having low attenuation. The production method includes (1) a rod formation step of forming a glass rod of a silica glass containing an alkali metal element, the average concentration of the alkali metal element being 5 at·ppm or more, (2) a heat treatment step of heat-treating the glass rod, (3) a core part formation step of forming an alkali metal element-free silica glass layer having a chlorine concentration of 6000 at·ppm or more around the perimeter of the glass rod heat-treated in the heat treatment step to form a core part including the glass rod and the silica glass layer, and (4) a cladding part formation step of forming a cladding part of a silica-based glass having a lower refractive index than the core part around the perimeter of the core part.

Abstract: Drawing methods and drawing furnaces for drawing an optical fiber with small non-circularity by simple drawing system are provided. An optical fiber preform is received into a muffle tube and heated by a primary heater placed to surround the muffle tube. The optical fiber preform is heated such that a starting position of a meniscus portion is higher in its position than the top of the primary heater, wherein the meniscus portion is created at the bottom portion of the optical fiber preform.

Abstract: A garment including a fabric covering a portion of a body of a wearer. The fabric comprises an isotropic material having a first direction with a first modulus of elasticity, and a second direction that is perpendicular to the first direction. The second direction has a second modulus of elasticity and a third direction that is at an angle of 45 degrees to the first direction and the second direction. The third direction has a third modulus of elasticity. The first modulus of elasticity, the second modulus of elasticity and the third modulus of elasticity are within the same ranges of magnitudes of modulus of elasticity to form an isotropic fabric for such garment.

Abstract: In one aspect of the present invention, a washing machine is configured for personal use. The washing machine comprises a basin configured to contain a plurality of laundry items. Mechanical force is exerted on laundry items within the basin through at least one actuation mechanism. Additionally, the washing machine comprises a panel configured to enhance the mechanical force exerted from the actuation mechanism.

Abstract: A leather groove forming apparatus includes: a blade holder 43 holding a blade 35 for forming a groove 9 in one surface in a thickness direction of a held leather 5 held in a flat sheet state; blade holder moving unit for moving the blade holder in an in-plane direction of the one surface in the thickness direction of the held leather 5; and blade holder positioning unit for positioning the blade holder 43 in a direction intersecting with the in-plane direction with the blade holder 43 placed on a guide member 55 in formation of the groove in the held leather 5 by moving the blade holder 43 using the blade holder moving unit.

Abstract: A method for reducing a burned odor characteristic of lased leather is provided. Lased leather having a burned odor characteristic is heated, and the heated lased leather is subjected to a forced gas flow to reduce the burned odor characteristic of the lased leather. A system and a method for producing laser-marked leather with reduced burned odor characteristic are also provided. The system features laser marking equipment for producing laser-marked leather having a burned odor characteristic, and treatment equipment for heating and subjecting the laser-marked leather to forced gas flow to reduce the burned odor characteristic of the laser-marked leather.

Abstract: A padlock includes a lock housing, a U-shaped lock hoop and a lock cylinder in order selectively to lock the lock hoop to the lock housing, wherein the lock cylinder has a cylinder axis and is secured to the lock housing by means of a securing element. The securing element is displaceably supported at the lock cylinder and is resiliently supported transversely to the cylinder axis, wherein the securing element engages into a securing opening at an inner side of the lock housing to secure the lock cylinder to the lock housing.

Abstract: A sensor is provided for displaying an item of merchandise on a display stand. The sensor includes a bottom portion having a recess formed therein and a top portion movably disposed on the bottom portion and adapted for attaching the item of merchandise to the sensor. A power connector is configured to be received within the recess formed in the bottom portion and retained therein when the top portion is aligned with and secured to the bottom portion such that the power connector cannot be removed from the sensor. The sensor may further include an optional anti-rotation bracket for preventing an unauthorized person from rotating the merchandise relative to the sensor and thereby detaching the item of merchandise from the sensor.

Abstract: A latching system 1 has a housing 3 provided with a recess 5 in which a part of the bicycle can be inserted, preferably a frame tube sloping upwards. In the housing 3 a latching element 7 is located which can be moved between a release position in which the latching element opens the recess and a latching position in which the latching element closes the recess. The latching system 1 further comprises a key 19 that is positioned in an opening 21 in the housing 3 and is pushed out of the housing when the latching element is moved from the latching position to the release position. To this end the latching element 7 is equipped with an arm 23 which is fitted to the U-shaped part of the housing. When the latching element 7 turns to the release position, one end 25 of the arm 23 pushes against the key 19 causing it it be pushed out of the opening 21.

Abstract: A lock assembly for a closure comprises a housing, a handle pivotally mounted in an exterior portion of the housing and a latch operably connected with the handle. A key lock mounted on the exterior portion of the housing has a locked and an unlocked position. A lock cam rotatably mounted in the housing is operably connected with the key lock for rotation therewith. A deadbolt lock is operably connected to the lock cam via a crank arm and a link to a motor. An electronic touchpad mounted on the exterior portion of the housing is operatively connected with the motor, whereby entry of a preselected numerical code actuates the motor and contemporaneously shifts the deadbolt lock between locked and unlocked positions.

Abstract: A high security lock core structure includes a case, a core, multiple side bead units and multiple bead units. The case includes side holes for receiving the side bead units. The core includes bottom holes which communicate with the top holes. The bead units are located in the top holes and the bottom holes. Each side bead unit includes a side bead and a first resilient member. Each bead unit includes a bottom bead, a top bead, a second resilient member and a cover. The top bead of one of the bead units is replaced by a cone-shaped locking bead which has a cone-shaped base and located at the interfaces of the top and bottom holes to make the core be locked. When the core is in unlocked status by malicious ways, the bottom holes are moved to the side holes to lock the core again.

Abstract: A door lock has a fixed housing having a thin pie shape with a hinge sleeve extending from an edge and an extension containing a hinge opening. The hinge opening connects to a hinge of a door. A rotating housing has a thin pie shape with a hinge sleeve extending from an edge and aligned with the hinge sleeve of the fixed housing. A hinge pin extends through the hinge sleeve of the fixed housing and the hinge sleeve of the rotating housing. The rotating housing has a first position that is coplanar with the fixed housing and a second position that is stacked on the fixed housing. When the rotating housing is in the first position it blocks a door from opening. Since the fixed housing is attached to the hinge of the door, the door lock is as strong as the door itself.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to a composition and method for enhancing the growth of a plant using an inoculant composition comprising an effective quantity of an algal component in conjunction with a bacterial component.

Abstract: A dredge having an auger, a pump and a screen box is inserted into the waste pit of an animal holding structure. The rotatable auger bites into a local portion of a body of sludge on the bottom of the waste pit and puts such local sludge portion into a liquid suspension that can be pumped by the pump through the screen box and then out of the waste pit to an exterior of the structure. The screen box has a basket shaped filter screen that retains relatively large foreign debris as a spot close to the pump. The sludge pumped out of the waste pit is dewatered by a shaker table to convert the liquid suspension into a particulate material and into a liquid. The particulate material comprises the nutrient rich sludge previously on the bottom of the waste pit and can be reused as fertilizer.

Abstract: A servo press system in which a servo transfer device implements a transfer operation by utilizing first transfer operation instruction information that is generated depending on a mechanical motion state of a press element of a servo press or second transfer operation instruction information that is generated independently of the mechanical motion state of the press element during a press operation using a pendulum motion.

Abstract: A method of thermal forming of refractory alloy suture needles is disclosed. Needle blanks made from refractory alloys are used to form surgical needles, which are heated to a temperature above the ductile to brittle transition temperature but below the recrystallization temperature of the refractory alloy. The heated needle blanks are then mechanically formed into a surgical needle.

Abstract: An object is to provide a lubricating-oil composition for forging molding excellent in lubricity, and a forging molding apparatus also suitable for the lubricating-oil composition of the present invention. The lubricating-oil composition for forging molding of the present invention includes at least two types of solid lubricants having different particle sizes, an extreme-pressure agent, and the balance of base oil. Also, the forging molding apparatus of the present invention includes paired molds formed of an upper mold and a lower mold interposing a forging material therebetween for molding and a lubricating-oil-composition spraying device for spraying the lubricating-oil composition for forging molding onto a surface of the molds, wherein the spraying device includes an oil-feeding tank storing the lubricating-oil composition and a supply tube for suctioning the lubricating-oil composition from the oil-feeding tank for supply to a nozzle, and the supply tube comprises a plurality of suction ports.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a metallic molded sheet including a metallic sheet having first ridges continuously formed along a first direction and second ridges continuously formed along a second direction which is perpendicular to the first direction, in which the metallic molded sheet has cross-sectional shapes along the first direction and the second direction, each having an identical thickness and continuing sinusoidally, and the metallic molded sheet has a planar shape being a corrugated surface in which ridge lines of first waveforms along the first direction and ridge lines of second waveforms along the second direction perpendicularly intersect each other.

Abstract: In a method for producing a sheet metal part, a sheet metal blank is rolled to have at least two regions of different material thickness to define a thick region and a thin region, with a thickness profile of the sheet metal blank extending in substantial symmetric relationship to a central plane of the sheet metal blank. The sheet metal blank is inserted into a forming tool having a punch and a die and a punch-proximal side of the sheet metal blank is contacted with a pressing cam formed on the punch. The sheet metal blank is formed into the sheet metal part by pressing the punch against the die and thereby forming an embossment by a die cam provided on the die on a die-proximal side of the sheet metal part.

Abstract: A pipe manipulator is configured to move a pipe in an apparatus for bending a pipe. The apparatus includes a feeding device, a heating device configured to annularly surround the pipe. at least one bending arm disposed axially downstream from the heating device in a pipe feed direction, and a bending lock disposed on the at least one bending arm and configured to grasp a pipe section to be bent and to move around a bending axis of rotation during a feeding of the pipe. The pipe manipulator includes a receiving sleeve axially displaceable in the pipe feed direction and disposed displaceably in the feeding device at an end of the pipe. The receiving sleeve is configured to reach into the pipe and to firmly clamp the pipe from an inside of the pipe and to guide the pipe in a defined manner axially through the heating device.

Abstract: A method for forming the extruded hollow section using a forming apparatus including a fixed die provided with a forming hole having guide grooves extending in a direction tilting against the direction of extrusion, and movable dies able to travel along the guide grooves, respectively, wherein the fixed die has a base part provided so as to bridge between inner faces of the forming hole, and a hole forming part extended from an end of the base part, on a downstream side thereof, toward downstream inside the forming hole. The method includes the steps of extruding the parallel parts with the movable dies as-stopped state, and extruding the tilt parts while causing the movable dies to travel along the guide grooves, respectively.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a B-shaped crimping die for a crimping tool. The crimping tool and the crimping die are used for crimping a plug with an electrical cable located therein into a B-shape. The crimping die comprises a first crimping die half and a second crimping die half. A B-shaped crimping contour is defined by the crimping die halves in a closed state. A first crimping contour part of the first crimping die half and a second crimping contour part of the second crimping die half together build the crimping contour. Two transition points are located at the transitions between the two crimping contour parts. According to the invention an opening angle of a contour of the second crimping die half increases at said transition points in moving direction of the first crimping die half during the crimping process.

Abstract: Mechanical presses adapted for forming processes. In one implementation the mechanical press includes two dies adapted for forming a piece, a motor, a crankshaft attached to the motor, a crank-connecting rod mechanism that attaches one of the dies to the crankshaft, and at least one lubricating bearing fixed to the crank-connecting rod mechanism. In one implementation the lubricating bearing comprises on an inner surface, a first area adapted for lubricating the crankshaft in a hydrostatic and a second area arranged substantially opposite to the first area adapted for lubricating the lubricating bearing in a hydrodynamic mode.

Abstract: A clamping jig for clamping a test object includes a first clamping member extending in a left-right direction, two second clamping members connected to and extending transversely of the first clamping member and spaced apart from each other in the left-right direction, and a third clamping member connected to and extending transversely of the second clamping members. The third clamping member is movable along the second clamping members in a front-rear direction to adjust a distance between the first and third clamping members. The first, second, and third clamping members are adapted to clamp therebetween the test object.

Abstract: A method for determining a physical property of an object or fluid in a dynamic multi-path clutter environment comprises transmitting an RF interrogation signal to a wireless sensor physically coupled to the object or fluid (gas or liquid) in the dynamic multi-path clutter environment, wherein the wireless sensor is operable to receive the RF interrogation signal, produce a reference signal and a measurement signal, and retransmit the reference signal and the measurement signal in the dynamic multi-path clutter environment. The reference signal and measurement signal are delayed by the wireless sensor by an amount of time that may be a function of the unknown physical property. The method also comprises receiving the retransmitted reference signal and the retransmitted measurement signal and comparing them in the time domain in order to determine the unknown physical property of the object or fluid.

Abstract: A CO2 measuring device for use in a high humidity environment typically found in re-breathing apparatus, especially underwater re-breathing apparatus, that allows commonly available CO2 gas detectors to function properly and further provides for remote, continuous and/or quantitative sensing of CO2. Under normal conditions found inside re-breathers, a 100% relative humidity condensing environment exists that prevents the use of commercially available CO2 detectors which typically require relative humidity to be less than about 90 to 95% for proper operation. A venturi mixing device is disclosed that is driven by pressurized makeup gases routinely added into the re-breathing loop, acting to draw and mix with a portion of the moisture laden gas from the re-breather environment, creating a combined gas mixture with relative humidity well within the operating range of commercially available CO2 detectors.

Abstract: For mass production of anemometers for EGR systems with hot exhaust gas streams having temperatures up to 200° C. or 300° C., conductors and film resistors are placed onto a bed, and are covered on this bed, e.g. A sensor tip of the flow sensor of the anemometer is made of inorganic materials up to the housing cover. A cable is led into a housing and self-supporting electrical conductors are led through the housing cover. In the housing, leads of the cable are connected to the self-supporting electrical conductors. Using bed profiles passing through the cover, the film resistors are spaced from the housing sufficiently far that the film resistors and the housing are largely thermally decoupled. As an intermediate product, a measurement tip or a sensor bar as part of a sensor tip is made of purely inorganic components, in order to make the mass production efficient.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel analysis and detection device, which includes a separation unit for separating a plurality of single-component gases from the mixed components of a gaseous sample; a detection unit for producing a sound signal in response to a corresponding one of the single-component gases; and a signal receiving unit for transferring the sound signal into an electronic signal. The device of the present invention uses gas chromatography principle to separate mixed components of a gaseous sample, a plurality of single-component gases are formed to be detected, a sound signal is formed in response to a corresponding one of the single-component gases, and the components and their amounts are determined according to occurrence time and frequency of the sound signal. The present invention is applicable to a rapid detection and a quantitation analysis of a gas.

Abstract: A heatable flow-through measuring cell for a gas analyzer having an inner tube made of a corrosion-resistant material, such as stainless steel, and is terminated at each end with a respective end piece and a radiolucent window held therein. The measuring cell also includes an electrical heating apparatus for heating each end piece, an outer tube that coaxially surrounds the inner tube so as to form a narrow gap and is made of material with good thermal conductivity, such as aluminum, and includes thermal insulation that surrounds the outer tube.

Abstract: System and method for geo-location of a device (such as a tag) using barometric pressure readings taken in the vicinity of the device and correlated to datasets of barometric pressure that have pressure gradients over time and space. The readings taken in the vicinity of the device may be correlated to the datasets using an iterative Bayesian approach to determine a geo-location of the device with a high degree of confidence.

Abstract: A system and method are disclosed including an automatic sensor excitation voltage adjustment feature, a multi-range concentration feature, and a single calibration feature. The automatic sensor excitation voltage adjustment feature may include a transmitter having an associated microprocessor that provides an initial voltage to an associated sensor. The sensor may include a microprocessor, and as the voltage changes a correction signal may be relayed from the sensor microprocessor to the transmitter microprocessor. The correction signal may be used by the transmitter microprocessor to adjust the voltage applied to the sensor. The multi-range concentration sensor feature may include an amplifier associated with the sensor/microprocessor to create gain settings used to optimize sensor resolution by changing a gain value associated with the sensor. This, in turn, enables a single sensor to be used for a variety of different concentration ranges, as desired by a user.

Abstract: An ignition system (10) comprises a spark plug (12) having a first end (14) defining a spark gap (16) between a first electrode (18) and a second electrode (20). A transformer (46) comprises a primary winding 44 and a secondary winding (50) also forms part of the system. The secondary winding is connected in a secondary circuit to the first electrode 18 and the secondary winding has a resistance of less than 1K? and an inductance of less than 0.25 H. A drive circuit (26) is connected to the primary winding.

Abstract: A rheometer is disclosed that includes rheometry logic that is responsive to a material selection control, to an objective selection control, to material property storage, and to process parameter storage, and is operative to assist the user with a measurement using the rheometer. In another general aspect, a rheometer includes sample history storage operative to store a history that spans a plurality of different operations performed by the rheometer on a same sample.

Abstract: A sensor is disclosed for determining a sulfur concentration in a liquid, such as a liquid fuel. The sensor includes a substrate that is at least partially coated with zinc oxide and, more specifically, zinc oxide microstructures. The zinc oxide microstructures have a crystal lattice structure that is oriented in the (002) plane, are oxygen-deficient and have a rod-like microstructure. If the substrate is conductive, it may be connected directly to a working electrode which is connected to a potentiometer which, in turn, is connected to a reference electrode. If the substrate is non-conductive, the conductive layer can be deposited on the substrate prior to deposition of the zinc oxide to form a working electrode. An application of a constant current (or voltage) to either electrode will result in a voltage across (or current flow between) the working and reference electrodes.

Abstract: A method for assaying an intrinsic energy property of water and other liquids is disclosed, as well as a means for detecting water energizing environmental energy fields. The method is based on the dynamic nature of dissolving neutral red dye particles added to the liquid and the light induced motion of remaining un-dissolved neutral red dye particles. The intrinsic energy activity of the liquid is related to the alternative cellular energy (ACE) pathway, which can function in the prevention and therapy of various illnesses in plants, animals and humans.

Abstract: A device and a method for analyzing an analyte in a liquid sample are provided. The device comprises a detecting chamber included in a detection device for containing a detecting element; a liquid sample transferring chamber; and a film with small pores disposed between the detecting chamber and liquid sample transferring chamber. When the detection device is inserted into a liquid sample collecting chamber, the liquid sample in the collecting chamber enters the liquid sample transferring chamber but can not enter the detecting chamber via the film with small pores. When a piston is inserted into the liquid sample transferring chamber, the piston forces a part of liquid sample in the liquid sample transferring chamber to enter the detecting chamber via the film with small pores. Using the device and the method can determine an analyte in a sample quantitatively and can complete the detection in one step.