Abstract: There is provided a lipid peptide that is capable of forming a hydrogel with an extremely small amount thereof over a liquid property range from acidic to alkaline, and a hydrogel having high environmental suitability, biocompatibility and biodegradability. A lipid peptide represented by Formula (1): where R1 represents an aliphatic group having 9 to 23 carbon atoms; R2, R3, R4 and R5 independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atom(s) which optionally has a branched chain having 1 to 3 carbon atom(s), a phenylmethyl group, a phenylethyl group or a —(CH2)n—X group, and at least one of R2, R3, R4 and R5 represents a —(CH2)n—X group; n represents the number of 1 to 4; X represents a guanidino group, a —CONH2 group or a 5-membered ring, a 6-membered ring or a fused heterocyclic ring composed of a 5-membered ring and a 6-membered ring which optionally have 1 to 3 nitrogen atom(s); and m represents 1 or 2, and a hydrogel comprising the lipid peptide.

Abstract: The crystal structure of the product, crystals of the MarR protein, a regulator of multiple antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli, and methods of crystallization of the MarR protein are described.

Abstract: An objective of the invention is to provide an adsorbent allowing purification of a blood coagulation factor or a cell adhesion factor under mild conditions, according to simple procedures, and at a low cost and safely while having a high affinity and a high resistance to deterioration, and a method for purifying the blood coagulation factor or the cell adhesion factor; a solution is to apply a polypeptide having peptide fragments represented by formula (1) as the adsorbent for the blood coagulation factor or the cell adhesion factor, and to purify the blood coagulation factor or the cell adhesion factor using the adsorbent: -(Pro-Hyp-Gly)n- Wherein, in formula (1), n is an integer from 2 to 9,000.

Abstract: The present invention relates to antagonist antibodies that specifically bind to Notch 3 and inhibit its activation. The present invention includes antibodies binding to a conformational epitope comprising the first Lin12 domain and the second dimerization domain. The present invention also includes uses of these antibodies to treat or prevent Notch 3 related diseases or disorders.

Abstract: The present invention is generally directed to methods of producing an increase in the enrichment and/or recovery of preferred forms of monoclonal antibodies. More particularly, the invention relates to methods for eliminating disulfide heterogeneity in the hinge region of recombinant IgG2 antibody proteins.

Abstract: The present invention provides nucleic acids encoding B7-related factors that modulate the activation of immune or inflammatory response cells, such as T-cells. Also provided are expression vectors and fusion constructs comprising nucleic acids encoding B7-related polypeptides, including BSL1, BSL2, and BSL3. The present invention further provides isolated B7-related polypeptides, isolated fusion proteins comprising B7-related polypeptides, and antibodies that are specifically reactive with B7-related polypeptides, or portions thereof. In addition, the present invention provides assays utilizing B7-related nucleic acids, polypeptides, or peptides. The present invention further provides compositions of B7-related nucleic acids, polypeptides, fusion proteins, or antibodies that are useful for the immunomodulation of a human or animal subject.

Abstract: A polysialic acid compound is reacted with a hetero-bifunctional reagent to introduce a pendant functional group for site-specific conjugation to sulfhydryl groups, for instance side chains of cysteine units in drugs, drug delivery systems, proteins or peptides. The functional group is, for instance, an N-maleimide group.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to analogs of aminoglycoside compounds as well as their preparation and use as prophylactic or therapeutics against microbial infection.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound of general formula (I): in which: X is OH, NH2, NHOH or RNH, where R may be a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, C1-C10 alkyl radical, Y is H, or an electron-withdrawing group, in particular selected from NO2, CF3 or a halogen, R1 and R2 are H or a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, C1-C10 alkyl radical, F is a reactive functional group that can be activated by click chemistry.

Abstract: The present invention is a method for purifying Rebaudioside C by subjecting “waste material,” generated during the Rebaudioside A manufacturing process, to liquid-liquid extraction and recrystallizing the Rebaudioside C.

Abstract: The invention provides allelic ladder mixtures and individual alleles suitable for use in such mixtures. The allelic ladder mixtures give improved identification and distinguishing capabilities, particularly suitable in forensic investigations.

Abstract: This application relates to therapeutic siRNA agents and methods of making and using the agents.

Abstract: A solution for extracting substantially pure RNA from a biological sample is disclosed. The solution for extracting RNA from a biological sample containing RNA and at least DNA comprises: (a) phenol in an amount of more than 50% by volume based on the total amount of the solution; (b) a polyol in an amount of 3 to 10% by volume based on the total amount of the solution; (c) a guanidinium salt at a concentration of 0.5 to 2.0 M based on the total amount of the solution; (d) a thiocyanate at a concentration of 0.1 to 0.5 M based on the total amount of the solution; and (e) a buffer for maintaining the pH of the solution at 4 to 6.

Abstract: A highly stable crystal of (1S)-1,5-anhydro-1-[5-(4-{(1E)-4-[(1-{[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]amino}-2-methyl-1-oxopropan-2-yl)amino]-3,3-dimethyl-4-oxobut-1-en-1-yl}benzyl)-2-methoxy-4-(propan-2-yl)phenyl]-D-glucitol, and a process for producing the crystal are provided. Specifically, an ethanolate having the following physical properties, and a plurality of other crystal forms transformed from the ethanolate are provided: (a) Having peaks at 2?=5.9 degrees, 17.1 degrees, 17.6 degrees and 21.5 degrees in X-ray powder diffraction (Cu—K?); (b) Showing characteristic absorption bands at 3538 cm?1, 3357 cm?1, 2964 cm?1, 1673 cm?1, 1634 cm?1 and 1505 cm?1 in an infrared absorption spectrum; and (c) Having a melting point in a vicinity of 111° C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for the preparation of radiochemical compounds. It is provided that the device comprises at least a reaction module, a dosing module, and a storage module, wherein; the reaction module has at least one reaction vessel having a closable opening through which substances needed for the preparation of a predetermined radiochemical compound can be introduced into the reaction vessel of the reaction module and through which the prepared radiochemical compound can be removed from the reaction vessel of the reaction module; the dosing module has at least one pipetting head which can be moved relative to the storage module and the reaction module and in x, y, and z directions and also has at least one dosing unit; and at least one reservoir for one of the substances needed for the preparation of the respective radiochemical compound is formed in the storage module.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for the synthesis of radio-labeled compounds, which comprises a reaction vessel for reacting a precursor compound having protective groups with a radioactive isotope to obtain a first reaction product; a first cartridge for hydrolyzing the protective groups of the first reaction product to obtain a second reaction product; and a second cartridge for purifying the second reaction product, wherein the reaction vessel, the first cartridge, and the second cartridge are connected to each other via pipelines. Here it is provided that the first cartridge contains 801 to 1200 mg of a solid carrier and/or the reaction vessel is a reaction vessel made of a temperature-resistant plastic with the plastic having a temperature resistance of at least 120° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to improved processes for preparing lactam morphinans. The processes generally transform keto-morphinans to seven-membered lactam morphinans using a hydroxyamine sulfonic acid reagent and proceed in high yield and with good selectivity.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method capable of industrially producing a target product, i.e., a compound represented by the aforementioned formula (I) or a salt thereof, which is useful for preventing and treating cerebrovascular disorders such as cerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and cerebral edema, particularly for preventing and treating glaucoma, at high yield even on a large scale without imposing a negative impact on the environment. The present invention provides a method for producing a compound represented by formula (I) or a salt thereof, wherein the method comprises a step of reacting a compound represented by formula (III) or a salt thereof with a compound represented by formula (II) in the presence of at least one solvent selected from the group consisting of a nitrile solvent, an amide solvent, a sulfoxide solvent, and a urea solvent, and a base.

Abstract: The present invention provides thiazole sulfonamide and oxazole sulfonamide compounds, compositions containing the same, as well as processes for the preparation and methods for their use as pharmaceutical agents.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds useful for inhibiting the ADAM-10 protein, with selectivity versus MMP-1. Such compounds are useful in the in vitro study of the role of ADAM-10 (and its inhibition) in biological processes. The present invention also comprises pharmaceutical compositions comprising one or more ADAM-10 inhibitors according to the invention in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Such compositions are useful for the treatment of cancer, arthritis, and diseases related to angiogenesis. Correspondingly, the invention also comprises methods of treating forms of cancer, arthritis, and diseases related to angiogenesis in which ADAM-10 plays a critical role.

Abstract: (Meth)acrylic acid ester, which contains one or more partial structures each represented by the following formula 1 in a molecule thereof, wherein the partial structure is a urethane structure which does not have a hydrogen atom directly bonded to a nitrogen atom of the following formula 1: where the nitrogen atom is not bonded to a hydrogen atom.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for preparing a carbonucleoside of formula (1) and intermediates for use therein. The process involves the step of reacting a compound of formula (2) with a compound of formula (3) under Mitsunobu-type reaction conditions to obtain a compound of formula (4), wherein PG1, PG2, PG3 and PG4 are protecting groups. The compound of formula (4) is deprotected to form the compound of formula (1), as shown below.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of PDGF-R inhibitors for the treatment of lymph node metastasis of gastric cancers and to a method of treating mammals including humans suffering from gastric cancer.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compounds of the formula (I) or (II) in which: L is a neutral ligand; X, X? are anionic ligands; R1 and R2 are, separately, a hydrogen, a C1-C6 alkyl, a C1-C6 perhalogenoalkyl, a aldehyde, a ketone, an ester, a nitrile, an aryl, a pyridinium alkyl, an optionally substituted C5 or C6 pyridinium alkyl, perhalogenoalkyl or cyclohexyl, a Cnh2NY radical 10 with n between 1 and 6 and y an iconic marker, or a radical having the formula: wherein R1 can be a radical of formula (Ibis) when the compound has formula (I) or of formula (IIbis) when the compound has formula (II), R3 is a C1-C6 alkyl, or a C5 or C6 cycloalkyl or a C5 or C6 aryl; R0, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, are, separately, a hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, a C1-C6 perhalogenoalkyl, or a C5 or C6 aryl; wherein R9, R10, R11 can be a heterocycle; X1 is anion. R1 and R2 can form, with the N and the C to which they are attached, a heterocycle.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel process for preparing a substituted aromatic compound such as an aromatic halo compound or a salt thereof through a transformation reaction of an aromatic diazonium salt from an aromatic amino compound at stable high yields utilizing a novel Sandmeyer-like reaction using a nitroxide radical compound as a reaction catalyst.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel heteroaryl carboxamides, a process for their preparation, and pharmaceutical compositions containing them. These materials are useful for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of diseases and for improving perception, concentration, learning and/or memory.

Abstract: Novel crystalline polymorphic forms, Forms A, B, C, D, and E of a compound of Formula I, which has been found to be a potent inhibitor of LFA-1, are disclosed. Methods of preparation and uses thereof in the treatment of LFA-1 mediated diseases are also disclosed in this invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to heterocyclic compounds of formula I which have microbiocidal activity, in particular fungicidal activity as well as methods of using the compounds of formula I to control microbes: wherein A is x-C(R10R11)—C(?O)—, x-C(R12R13)—C(?S)—, x-O—C(?O)—, x-O—C(?S)—, x-N(R14)—C(?O)—, x-N(R15)—C(?S)—, x-C(R16R17)—SO2— or x-N?C(R30)—, in each case x indicates the bond that is connected to R1; T is CR18 or N; Y1, Y2, Y3, and Y4 are independently CR19 or N; Q is O or S; n is 1 or 2; p is 1 or 2, providing that when n is 2, p is 1.

Abstract: The present invention provides semiconducting compounds, oligomers and polymers of formula wherein A1 and A2 can be the same or different and are S or Se, E is selected from the group consisting of The compounds, oligomers and polymers of formula of formula (1) are suitable for use in electronic devices such as organic field effect transistors.

Abstract: A production method of an isoxazoline-substituted benzoic acid amide compound of Formula (1) where X is a halogen atom, C1-6 haloalkyl, etc., Y is a halogen atom, C1-6 alkyl, etc., R1 is a C1-6 haloalkyl, etc., R2 and R3 independently of each other are a hydrogen atom, C1-6 alkyl, etc., R4 is C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 haloalkyl, etc., R5 is a hydrogen atom, C1-6 alkyl, etc., m is an integer of 0 to 5, n is an integer of 0 to 4, including: reacting an isoxazoline-substituted benzene compound of Formula (3) where X, Y, R1, m, and n are the same as defined above, L is a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, —C(O)OH, —C(O)J, etc., J is a halogen atom, with a 2-aminoacetic acid amide compound of Formula (2) where R2, R3, R4, and R5 are the same as defined above, or a salt thereof; crystal forms and the production method thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of pure Valsartan (I) substantially free from impurities of formulae (Ia), (Ib), and (Ic), which comprises: (i) condensing 2-(4?-bromomethylphenyl)benzonitrile of formula (II) with L-valine methyl ester hydrochloride of formula (V) in the presence of a base in a solvent to produce N-[(2?-cyanobiphenyl-4-yl)methyl]-(L)-valine methyl ester of formula (VI); (ii) treating the compound VI of step (i) with acid followed by treating with base to produce pure compound VI substantially free from dimeric impurity of formula (Via); (iii) reacting the pure compound of formula (VI) with n-valeryl chloride in the presence of a base to produce pure N-valeryl-N-[(2?-cyanobiphenyl-4-yl)methyl]-(L)-valine methyl ester (VII) substantially free from alkene impurity of formula (Vila); (iv) reacting the compound of formula (VII) with trialkyltin chloride and a metal azide in a solvent at a reflux temperature to produce N-(1-oxopentyl)-N-[[2?-(2-tributyltinte-trazol-5-y

Abstract: The present application is directed to methods of sterilizing bendamustine and its pharmaceutically acceptable salt forms. Preferred sterilization methods include dry heat sterilization, gamma irradiation, and e beam radiation. Sterile pharmaceutical compositions are also described.

Abstract: Organic dyes and photoelectric conversion devices are provided. The Organic dye has the structure represented by formula (I) wherein i is an integer of 0-2; j is an integer of 0-2, and the sum of i and j is an integer of 1-4; X is independently selected from the group consisting of and and R3 is independent and comprise hydrogen, halogen, nitro group, amino group, C1-18 alkyl group, C1-18 alkoxy group, C1-18 sulfanyl group, C3-18 heteroalkyl group, C3-20 aryl group, C3-20 heteroaryl group, C3-20 cycloaliphatic group or C3-20 cycloalkyl group.

Abstract: Processes for making pyrrolidones include making MAS and/or SA from a clarified DAS- and/or MAS-containing fermentation broth and converting the MAS or SA to the pyrrolidones, typically with catalysts at selected temperatures and pressures.

Abstract: A method of the present invention, for producing an iodizing agent, includes the step of electrolyzing iodine molecules in a solution by using an acid as a supporting electrolyte. This realizes (i) a method of producing an iodine cation suitable for use as an iodizing agent that does not require a sophisticated separation operation after iodizing reaction is completed, and (ii) an electrolyte used in the method. Further, a method of the present invention, for producing an aromatic iodine compound, includes the step of causing an iodizing agent, and an aromatic compound whose nucleus has one or more substituent groups and two or more hydrogen atoms, to react with each other under the presence of a certain ether compound. This realizes such a method of producing an aromatic iodine compound that position selectivity in iodizing reaction of an aromatic compound is improved.

Abstract: Compounds are attached to carbon nanotubes (CNT) by a process which comprises: subjecting surface treated CNTs which have been treated to induce negatively charged surface groups thereon, to nucleophilic substitution reaction with a compound carrying a functional group capable of reacting with the negatively charged groups on the CNT surface, whereby the compound chemically bonds to the CNT. The surface CNT treatment may be reduction. The compounds which are bonded to the CNT may be epoxy resins, bonded directly or through a spacer group. Bi-functional CNTs, grafted to both epoxy resins and other polymers such as polystyrene, are also made by this process.

Abstract: At least one method to efficiently produce alkylene oxide from partial oxidation of hydrocarbons using a high efficiency heterogeneous catalyst in a fixed bed enclosed within a reaction vessel, and a reaction vessel constructed to facilitate the same.

Abstract: A process for producing an olefin oxide which comprises reacting an olefin with oxygen in the presence of a catalyst comprising (a) ruthenium metal or a ruthenium oxide, (b) manganese oxide and (c) alkaline metal component or alkaline earth metal component.

Abstract: Titanosilicate catalyst is used in the oxidation reactions such as allylchloride epoxidation, phenol hydroxylation, Cyclohexanone ammoximation. During the reaction the catalyst is deactivated which further decrease in the efficiency of the oxidation reactions. The present invention provides a method for an efficient regeneration of catalyst titanosilicate catalyst at low temperature below 100° C. using a gaseous mixture containing ozone, without isolating the catalyst from the reactor system.

Abstract: Provided herein is a method of preparing a composition of a phytosterol derivative comprising a phytosterol intermediate coupled to a water-soluble carrier. The method controls the molecular structure of the product, resulting in phytosterol derivatives which are soluble in water at high concentration. The phytosterol derivatives provided herein are useful as ingredients for foods and pharmaceuticals, and have cholesterol-reducing effects.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of rapid identification and preparation of a crystalline form of an organic compound by using sub-gram level of said organic compound, comprising the steps of temperature-cycled slurrying, cooling, antisolvent addition and solvent evaporation as the major crystallization steps.

Abstract: A method of obtaining lipids from microbial biomass such as algae is provided by treating microbial biomass with a solution containing at least one ?-hydroxysulfonic acid to extract and recover liposoluble components. The ?-hydroxysulfonic acid can be easily removed from the product containing liposoluble compoenents and recycled.

Abstract: These disclosures relate to preparing nickel metal (Ni(0)) suited for use in catalyst systems, such as nickel complexes with phosphorus-containing ligands, useful to catalyze the hydrocyanation of ethylenically unsaturated compounds. The methods described herein can include use of steam during reduction of nickel.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for obtaining a dialkyl carbonate and an alkylene glycol from a stream comprising dialkyl carbonate, alkylene carbonate, alkylene glycol and alcohol, comprising the following steps: (a) distillatively removing a stream (5) comprising dialkyl carbonate and alkylene glycol as a heteroazeotrope from the stream comprising dialkyl carbonate, alkylene carbonate, alkylene glycol and alcohol in a first distillation stage (1), (b) separating the stream (5) comprising dialkyl carbonate and alkylene glycol as a heteroazeotrope into a first crude product stream (27) comprising essentially di-alkyl carbonate and a second crude product stream (29) comprising essentially alkylene glycol in an apparatus for phase separation (25).

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of isocyanates in a system network comprising an isocyanate production plant, a chlorine production plant and a phosgene production plant, in which carbon dioxide formed as a by-product is partially to completely condensed out with the gaseous chlorine formed in the chlorine production plant and enters into the phosgene preparation process and, after the preparation of phosgene, the predominant part of the carbon dioxide formed is thereby sluiced out of the system network in gaseous form.

Abstract: A novel nickel particulate form is provided that efficiently forms a zero-valent nickel complex with a phosphorus-containing ligands in an organic liquid to form a hydrocyanation catalyst. Particles in the nickel particulate form comprise nickel crystallites. For example, the nickel particulate form can have a BET Specific Surface Area of at least about 1 m2/gm; an average crystallite size less than about 20-25 nm, the nickel particulate form can have at least 10% of the crystallites in the nickel form can have can have a diameter (C10) of less than about 10 nm, and/or there are on average at least about 1015 surface crystallites per gram nickel. A ratio of BET SSA to C50 for the nickel particulate form can be at least about 0.1×109 m/gm and preferably at least about 0.4×109 m/gm. Methods of preparation and use are also provided.

Abstract: The preparation of novel fullerynes which are fullerenes (e.g. C60, C70, C80, etc.) that contain one or more alkyne functionalities and may contain additional functional groups such as hydroxyls, halogens, esters, haloesters, phenyl, oligo(ethylene glycol)s, perfluorinated alkyl chains, and the like. Two desired preparation routes are disclosed. The first one is the Fischer esterification in desired solvents using a special designed reactor in contrast to the heretofore initial Steglich reaction that results in side reactions and low yields. The second one uses acetylide Grignard reagents that have reduced nucleophilicity and higher stability in contrast to the use of heretofore initial lithium organyls or other Grignard reagents that would add to C60 with possible multi-additions in an uncontrollable manner.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing carboxylic acids comprising the step of contacting an aromatic hydrocarbon comprising at least one group including an ? C-atom that is oxidizable to a carboxylic group in liquid phase with an oxygen containing gas in the presence of a heterogeneous catalyst with perovskite structure ABO3 with A being selected from at least one element of groups 1 to 3 of the Periodic Table, lanthanides or actinides, and B being selected from at least one element of the groups 4 to 15 of the periodic table or an oxygen-defective derivative of that catalyst having the formula ABO3?? with 0<?<1.

Abstract: Catalyst compositions including a compound of the following general formula (I): MoVaNbbPtcMdZeOx??(I) a is a number having a value between about 0.15 and about 0.50, b is a number having a value between about 0.05 and about 0.30, c is a number having a value between about 0.0001 and about 0.10, d is a number having a value between about 0.0 and about 0.35, e is a number having a value between about 0 and about 0.10, x is a number depending on the relative amount and valence of the elements different from oxygen in formula (I), M is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Ag, Te, and Sb, and Z is one or more element selected from Ru, Mn, Sc, Ti, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Y, Zr, Rh, Pd, In, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Tb, Ta, W, Re, Ir, Au, Pb, B, and mixtures thereof, where the compositions are capable of simultaneously oxidizing an alkane to a desired product and by-product carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide, with only a minor change in catalyst activity and selectivity.

Abstract: One or more embodiments of the invention are directed to the synthetic methods for making lepidopteran pheromones including navel orangeworm pheromones. The synthetic methods involve novel, efficient, and environmentally benign steps and procedures.