Abstract: A tractor has hydraulically driven wheels at a cab end and castor wheels at an engine end. It can be driven cab forward in a working mode with a header on the forward end. It is rotated to engine forward in the transport position for more stable higher speed travel. There is provided a float module with adjustable and calibrated springs on the header which allows the header to float relative to the lift system on the tractor. The float force is adjusted by raising and lowering the lift system in dependence on an angle measurement of the lift position. The lift system includes a lift cylinder and tilt cylinder controlled to change cutter angle while maintaining a sight line to the cutter bar for the operator.

Abstract: A mowing tool using a line or blade to safely and easily mow steep hills from any direction. This device can easily and safely be lifted off the mowing surface without strain nor damage to the unit. Another novelty is the method used to change a trimmer line for a blade. The device has a detachable contouring protective skirt which simplifies cleaning the device while protecting surroundings. The handle has a torquing mechanism which allows the user to optimize applied force by allowing a smooth yet powerful movement which decreases operating time and reduces user fatigue. The pivot frame is attached to a rotating disc which allows the user to mow in any direction. The pivot frame can also be extended further enhance utility. These characteristics enhance security and decrease risk of injury by helping the user to eliminate useless risks and remain on stable ground to mow slopes.

Abstract: A tractor has hydraulically driven wheels at a cab end and castor wheels at an engine end. It can be driven cab forward in a working mode with a header on the forward end. It is rotated to engine forward in the transport position for more stable higher speed travel. There is provided a float module with adjustable and calibrated springs on the header which allows the header to float relative to the lift system on the tractor. The float force is adjusted by raising and lowering the lift system in dependence on an angle measurement of the lift position. The lift system includes a lift cylinder and tilt cylinder controlled to change cutter angle while maintaining a sight line to the cutter bar for the operator.

Abstract: A hydraulically driven swather tractor can move in a cab forward orientation in a working mode with a header on the forward end and can be rotated to engine forward in the transport position for more stable higher speed travel. A system is provided for transferring the header from field to transport position automatically from the cab and includes an arm which permanently connects to the header from the tractor independently of the lift and float mounting system such that in the working position the arm remains connected to the tractor and the header while allowing movement of the header relative to the tractor. Also in the transport position, with the header disconnected from the mounting system, the arm extends from the tractor to the mounting system of the header for supporting the forward end of the header for towing the header longitudinally.

Abstract: A conditioning device for a forage harvester is equipped with a first roller, profiled in the axial direction, and a second roller, also profiled in the axial direction. The two rollers are rotated, around their axes, in opposite directions and are aligned parallel to one another. An element, profiled, in the axial direction, in a manner complementary to the profile of the first roller and adjacent to the circumference of the first roller, for the removal of crop residues from the roller, extends in a circular arc over a part of the circumference of the first roller.

Abstract: In a cutter bar having a upper and lower knife guards in cooperating pairs mounted on a support bar where each guard includes at least one point extending forwardly to define a channel therebetween in which the knife reciprocates, the upper knife guards are attached to an upper surface of the support bar by a compressible resilient pad between an under surface of the upper knife guard and the upper surface of the support bar, at least one hold down screw fastener engaged between the upper knife guard and the support bar which holds the upper knife guard on to the resilient pad and forms a fulcrum and at least one adjustment screw between the upper knife guard and the support bar behind the screw fastener so that adjustment of the screw increases an amount of compression of the compressible resilient pad.

Abstract: In a sickle cutting system, it has been found that a significant increase in ground speed while maintaining an acceptable level of cutting efficiency as measured by the average stubble length can be obtained by a combination of one or more of the features where the cutting stroke is reduced from the conventional length of 3.0 inches to a value of the order of 2.0 inches; the length of the cutting edge of each knife blade is increased to a length greater than 2.2 inches; the width at the rear of the ledger surface of each guard is increased to greater than 1.0 inches; and the front edge of the blade is formed with an apex to shed crop material to one or other side of the apex.

Abstract: In a sickle cutting system, it has been found that a significant increase in ground speed while maintaining an acceptable level of cutting efficiency as measured by the average stubble length can be obtained by a combination of one or more of the features where the cutting stroke is reduced from the conventional length of 3.0 inches to a value of the order of 2.0 inches; the length of the cutting edge of each knife blade is increased to a length greater than 2.2 inches; the width at the rear of the ledger surface of each guard is increased to greater than 1.0 inches; and the front edge of the blade is formed with an apex to shed crop material to one or other side of the apex.

Abstract: In a sickle cutting system, it has been found that a significant increase in ground speed while maintaining an acceptable level of cutting efficiency as measured by the average stubble length can be obtained by a combination of one or more of the features where the cutting stroke is reduced from the conventional length of 3.0 inches to a value of the order of 2.0 inches; the length of the cutting edge of each knife blade is increased to a length greater than 2.2 inches; the width at the rear of the ledger surface of each guard is increased to greater than 1.0 inches; and the front edge of the blade is formed with an apex to shed crop material to one or other side of the apex.

Abstract: An agricultural machine having a frame carrying a crop pickup mechanism and supported on the ground by means of two support wheels. Each support wheel is rotatably mounted on a carrier that is connected to the frame of the pickup for rotation about a caster axis. Each wheel carrier is connected by a respective spring to a point fixed relative to the frame of the pickup. The spring biases the carrier to cause the support wheel to park in a predetermined direction relative to the frame of the pickup.

Abstract: A debris discourager for a gas turbine engine is rotatable about an engine axis and extends between a fore end and an aft end. A portion of the debris discourager includes a non-uniform surface that generates a wind flow to prevent debris from entering a sealed interface.

Abstract: Novel monopropellants are provided. The monopropellants are based on N2O, to their preparation method and their uses for space propulsion.

Abstract: A combined engine includes a turbopump including a pump injecting hydrogen into a heater arranged in an outer casing downstream from a central body, and a subsonic turbine driving the pump, which turbine receives partially-expanded hydrogen collected at an outlet from the heater to apply the hydrogen to a supersonic turbine to operate the engine as a turbojet. The hydrogen from the supersonic turbine is collected in tubes inside the central body to be sent to a combustion chamber defined downstream from the central body, while the hydrogen that is partially expanded in the subsonic turbine is sent directly to the combustion chamber via injectors to operate the engine as a ramjet.

Abstract: A thruster designed to produce thrust by introducing a propellant to a catalyst layer from a propellant valve via a propellant introduction member and spurting out a gas resulting from decomposition of the propellant occurring on the catalyst layer, wherein the thruster comprises a chamber of an Ni alloy for holding the catalyst layer inside, the propellant introduction member is made of an Ni alloy and connects the propellant valve and the chamber, and a propellant valve flange of a Ti alloy with a plurality of columns of a Ti alloy is arranged between the chamber and the propellant valve to support the chamber by the columns.

Abstract: An engine has an exhaust gas treatment apparatus attached thereto, wherein an exhaust pipe can be prevented from being damaged by a vibration of the engine body. An exhaust gas treatment apparatus is supported by an engine body and the engine body and the exhaust gas treatment apparatus communicate with each other through an exhaust pipe. The casing of the exhaust gas treatment apparatus consists of a plurality of casing units separable from each other. Connection flanges are disposed in respective end portions of the casing units. The casing units are coupled together by a connection of the connection flanges, and the exhaust gas treatment apparatus is supported by the engine body through the connection flanges.

Abstract: A system and method for increasing the performance of an internal combustion engine having a stock exhaust manifold. An exhaust insert affixed to or positioned downstream from the cylinder exhaust ports, in the exhaust conduits, in the stock manifold, in the collector, before or after the catalytic converter, before or after any Y-pipe, or any location in the exhaust system. The exhaust insert having a pre-determined size and shape to optimize performance, including, but not limited to, fuel efficiency, emissions, and power.

Abstract: An exhaust system includes at least one exhaust gas purification component, at least one exhaust line, at least one connecting device for connecting the exhaust system to an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle and at least one fastening element for additionally fastening the exhaust system to the motor vehicle. The purification component can oscillate at a first resonance frequency range of less than 150 Hz in a fastened state. The purification component can oscillate due to vibrations of the engine at least when the engine is started or switched off. This, in particular, allows ash residues to be removed from a purification component during starting of the motor vehicle, so that maintenance expense for the purification component is reduced and effective operation thereof is possible over the long term. A motor vehicle having an exhaust system and a method for operating the motor vehicle are also provided.

Abstract: A method for operating an exhaust gas system of an internal combustion engine having at least one adsorber for the adsorption of hydrocarbons, a catalytic converter disposed downstream of the adsorber for converting hydrocarbons and at least one heating device disposed between the adsorber and the catalytic converter, includes adapting operation of the heating device in dependence on a state of aging of the catalytic converter. A method for operating a motor vehicle and a motor vehicle having the system are also provided.

Abstract: A vehicle includes: an engine; an EHC (electrically heated catalyst) electrically heated for purifying exhaust gas of the engine; a temperature sensor for sensing the temperature of the EHC; and an ECU that controls the EHC in temperature. The ECU performs a first estimation process and a second estimation process to estimate the temperature of the EHC and accordingly controls electric power applied to energize the EHC, the first estimation process being performed to estimate the temperature of the EHC based on an output of the temperature sensor before the engine starts, the second estimation process being performed to estimate the temperature of the EHC based on the temperature of the exhaust gas emitted by the engine after the engine is started.

Abstract: An exhaust gas recirculation device for an internal combustion engine includes a return line, which branches off an exhaust tract and leads into an intake tract. A separator component is arranged in the return line. Downstream of the separator component, a gas line, via which additional gas can be supplied, leads into the return line.

Abstract: An exhaust gas processing device for a diesel engine includes a DPF, a PM deposition amount estimating unit for PM deposited in the DPF, a DPF regenerating unit, a DPF regeneration control unit, a storage unit, an acceleration regeneration request information notifying unit, an acceleration regeneration start operating unit, and a mode selecting unit. When a normal regeneration process is selected, the time at which acceleration regeneration request determination reserve period T1 elapses from the start of the normal regeneration process without the end of the normal regeneration process is time T2 for acceleration regeneration request determination, at which time, if the PM deposition amount estimation value is greater or equal to acceleration regeneration request determination value J2, it is determined that there is the acceleration regeneration request.

Abstract: A system and method includes an internal combustion engine capable of producing an exhaust stream and an aftertreatment system operationally coupled to the exhaust stream. The aftertreatment system includes an upstream selective reduction catalyst (SCR) component and a downstream SCR component that are positioned in substantially different thermal environments. The upstream and downstream SCR components are sized to fully treat the entire exhaust stream at a low temperature highest NOx conversion condition, and the downstream SCR component is sized to fully treat the entire exhaust stream at a high temperature highest NOx conversion condition.

Abstract: Arrangement for introducing a liquid medium into exhaust gases from a combustion engine: an exhaust gas line (2), an injection chamber (3) bounded in radial directions by a tubular wall (8), an injector (13) injects the liquid medium into the injection chamber; a mixing duct (14) to which the injection chamber has an outlet (10) for delivering exhaust gases; a bypass duct (15) which has an outlet (17) via which it is connected to the mixing duct, and an endwall (7) at the injection chamber's downstream end and demarcating the chamber from the mixing duct, such that the chamber's outlet is situated at the periphery of the endwall. The outlet of the bypass duct is close to the outlet of the injection chamber so that the exhaust gases which flow into the mixing duct via the chamber's outlet will collide with the exhaust gases which flow into the mixing duct via the outlet of the bypass duct.

Abstract: A mounting member that can sufficiently suppress scattering of inorganic fiber material when a pollution control element is assembled in a casing, and that can maintain sufficiently high contact pressure between the inner surface of the casing and the pollution control element, even after the organic binder has combusted. The mounting member of the present invention is for wrapping and mounting a pollution control element (30) in a casing (20), and provides a mat (1) made from inorganic fiber material, and an aggregated substance (5) containing an organic binder and inorganic fine particles that is impregnated throughout most of the mat (1).

Abstract: The electricity is suppressed from flowing through a case (5) of an electric heating catalyst (1).

Abstract: Described herein is a device, process, and system for the transformation of kinetic energy from one form to a more appropriately useful form. The single inventive concept utilizes compressed fluid and has the ability to transform energy from traffic including motorized traffic, from wave or ocean power on or within the ocean, from any animate object which may activate it. Energy may also be harvested from machines in motion. Numerous uses including industrial, recreational or around the home may be made of this invention. The essential components involve an actuator which activates a radial outflow reaction turbine, where the turbine may also have internal compressed storage utilised in causing rotation of said turbine.

Abstract: A self-propelled device for locomotion through a lumen, comprising a set of serially arranged inflatable chambers, and incorporating a number of novel aspects. To enable easy insertion and use, the rigidity of the device is increased by means of rigid inserts in the balloons, or by use of stiff springs between segments. The working channel can be attached to the distal chamber of the device, such that it is pulled from the leading end of the device during inflation, rather than being pulled from the trailing end of the device during deflation. Lumen wall inspection or treatment facilities are enabled by means of a camera or treatment arm mounted between two distally positioned balloons, the device is able to provide observation capabilities to the lumen wall, yet without becoming excessively dirty by exposure to the front end of the device, as in prior art camera units.

Abstract: A hydraulic circuit and a hydraulic control system for preventing fluid leakage and power loss resulting from jamming of contaminants. A first circuit section has an accumulator for storing hydraulic pressure, and a control valve for controlling a passage for delivering fluid from the accumulator to an actuator. Fluid discharged from an oil pump is delivered continuously to a second circuit section. A first filter is disposed on a passage for delivering the fluid from the oil pump to the accumulator for the purpose of removing contaminants finer than those in the fluid to be delivered to the second circuit section from the fluid to be delivered to the accumulator.

Abstract: A hydraulic additional drive includes a hydraulic or having working ports configured to be connected to a pump via a high pressure branch and a low pressure branch. The hydraulic motor further includes a purging port to which a feed pressure is configured to be applied to set a “free-wheel mode” while the working ports are connected to a tank. The pressure at the purging port is limited to a comparatively low value between the feed pressure and the tank pressure by a pre-charging valve integrated into the hydraulic motor. The pre-charging valve is arranged in a free-wheel duct which hydraulically connects the purging port to one of the working ports.

Abstract: A power unit for power generation or transportation. The power unit comprises a barrel cam defining first and second planes and a substantially cylindrical body between the first and second planes. Combustion pistons coupled to the barrel cam and longitudinally disposed relative to the barrel cam so that the combustion pistons longitudinally traverse through the first plane during actuation. First Stirling pistons coupled to the barrel cam and longitudinally disposed relative to the barrel cam so that the first Stirling pistons longitudinally traverse through the first plane during actuation. Second Stirling pistons coupled to the barrel cam and longitudinally disposed relative to the barrel cam so that the second Stirling pistons longitudinally traverse through the second plane during actuation, where at least one of the pistons is coupled to the barrel cam so that the barrel cam rotates during actuation of the pistons.

Abstract: Systems and methods for operating a hydraulically actuated device/system are described herein. For example, systems and methods for the compression and/or expansion of gas can include at least one pressure vessel defining an interior region for retaining at least one of a volume of liquid or a volume of gas and an actuator coupled to and in fluid communication with the pressure vessel. The actuator can have a first mode of operation in which a volume of liquid disposed within the pressure vessel is moved to compress and move gas out of the pressure vessel. The actuator can have a second mode of operation in which a volume of liquid disposed within the pressure vessel is moved by an expanding gas entering the pressure vessel. The system can further include a heat transfer device configured to transfer heat to or from the at least one of a volume of liquid or a volume of gas retained by the pressure vessel.

Abstract: A device for cycling a component between a first condition and a second condition includes an element and a reset apparatus connected to and driven by the element. The element is formed from a shape memory alloy, wherein the alloy is transitionable between a martensite crystallographic phase and an austenite crystallographic phase in response to a thermal energy source. The apparatus is actuatable by the element from an initial state in which the alloy has the martensite phase and the component is in the first condition, to an actuated state in which the alloy has the austenite phase and the component is in the second condition. The apparatus is resettable from the actuated state to a reset state in which the alloy transitions from the austenite to the martensite phase while the component is in the first condition, and further resettable from the reset state to the initial state.

Abstract: A brake booster includes an input element actuatable by a driver, an actuator for generating a support force, an output element to which an input or support force may be applied and through which an actuating force may be applied to a piston of a brake master cylinder, a force transmission unit having elastic properties, situated between the input element and the actuator, and the output element, and transmitting the input and/or support forces to the output element, and a preload unit acting on the force transmission unit to apply a force couple to the force transmission unit when the brake booster is in idle mode. A method for operating the brake booster includes generating a support force prior to a braking intent to be anticipated or immediately after detection of a braking intent, in a time span before or immediately after detection of an actuation of the input element.

Abstract: Provided is a control apparatus for a supercharged internal combustion engine, which can favorably achieve a good balance between prevention of overheat of a catalyst disposed an exhaust passage and suppression of turbo lag, in a case in which a fresh air blow-through is generated through a combustion chamber from an intake passage to an exhaust passage. A turbo supercharger (22), an exhaust bypass passage (36), a WGV (38) capable of switching the opening and closing of the exhaust bypass passage (36), and variable valve operating mechanisms (46, 48) capable of changing a valve overlap period are included. The valve overlap period is shortened so that the fresh air blow-through amount Gsca becomes equal to or smaller than a predetermined blow-through determination value Gjudge when the blow-through amount Gsca is larger than the blow-through determination value Gjudge.

Abstract: A thermal management system and method for split cooling and integrated exhaust manifold applications in an automotive engine is provided. The thermal management system includes a cooling circuit that directs coolant through a plurality of components to warm the engine and passenger compartment efficiently, as well as remove excess heat from the engine and promote a constant operating temperature during vehicle operation. The cooling circuit directs liquid coolant, propelled by a coolant pump, through at least one of an engine block cooling jacket, an engine head cooling jacket, and an integrated exhaust manifold (IEM) cooling jacket, along a variety of cooling paths. The cooling circuit also incorporates a plurality of flow control valves to selectively distribute flow of the liquid coolant between a radiator, an engine heater core, and a return path to the coolant pump.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for reducing turbo lag in a boosted engine. A boost reservoir coupled to the engine may be charged with compressed intake air and/or combusted exhaust gas. The pressurized charge may then be discharged during a tip-in to either the intake or the exhaust manifold.

Abstract: A wastegate control system and a method for the wastegate control system is disclosed. The wastegate control system includes an ambient pressure sensor, a throttle angle sensor, an ignition timing sensor, a knock sensor, an intake charge temperature sensor and an intake charge humidity sensor. A wastegate is controlled according to information received from these sensors.

Abstract: In an exhaust gas charger bleed valve with a valve disk by which the flow cross-section of a bypass duct, via which exhaust gas flow volume bypassing an impeller of the exhaust gas turbocharger is adjustable, the valve includes a valve disk with the exhaust gas turbocharger is adjustable, the valve includes a valve disk with a front end valve face which is formed so as to be asymmetric with respect to the valve disk attachment to a lever arm on which the valve disk is mounted.

Abstract: In an actuating device for an exhaust gas turbocharger for adjusting the charging pressure of the exhaust gas turbocharger, including a valve element which is coupled with an actuating element of the actuating device via at least one intermediate element and which is adjustable via the actuating element between a first position in which a duct of the exhaust gas turbocharger through which exhaust gas may flow is at least partially opened and another position in which the duct is at least partially blocked, the intermediate element which comprises a first end region and a second end region is coupled with the valve element and the actuating element, the intermediate element at its second end region being rotatable about a third axis of rotation relative to the valve element and is coupled with it and at its first end region is rotatable about a second axis of rotation which extends essentially perpendicular to the third axis of rotation relative to the actuating element with which it is also coupled.

Abstract: A control device for an internal combustion engine with a turbo-supercharger including a variable valve mechanism at least at either one of an intake side and an exhaust side includes a scavenging amount setting means for determining an upper limit value of a scavenging amount moving from an intake passage to an exhaust passage across the interior of a cylinder during a valve overlap period to satisfy a performance requirement for the internal combustion engine, and a variable valve control means for controlling the duration of the valve overlap period according to the scavenging amount.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for reducing turbo lag in a boosted engine. A boost reservoir coupled to the engine may be charged with compressed intake air and/or combusted exhaust gas. The pressurized charge may then be discharged during a tip-in to either the intake or the exhaust manifold.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for reducing turbo lag in a boosted engine. A boost reservoir coupled to the engine may be charged with compressed intake air and/or combusted exhaust gas. The pressurized charge may then be discharged during a tip-in to either the intake or the exhaust manifold.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for reducing turbo lag in a boosted engine. A boost reservoir coupled to the engine may be charged with compressed intake air and/or combusted exhaust gas. The pressurized charge may then be discharged during a tip-in to either the intake or the exhaust manifold.

Abstract: A self-propelled construction device, in particular a soil compactor, includes a turbocharged diesel engine with a first radiator arrangement for cooling charge air and a second radiator arrangement for cooling a cooling liquid and/or hydraulic oil, with a first radiator fan being allocated to the first radiator arrangement and a second radiator fan being allocated to the second radiator arrangement and the first radiator fan and the second radiator fan being able to be operated essentially independently from each other.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for raising an exhaust temperature to spin a turbocharger turbine and reduce turbo-lag. Pressurized air is discharged from a boost reservoir into an intake manifold while spark retard is increased to expedite exhaust heating while also increasing a net combustion torque. By expediting turbine spin-up in response to a tip-in, turbo-lag is reduced and engine performance is improved.

Abstract: A steam power plant is described including on a single rotor at least one high pressure turbine or turbine section having a steam exit connected in operation to a first steam reheater and at least two intermediate pressure turbines or turbine sections with a first of the at least two intermediate pressure turbines or turbine sections having a steam exit connected in operation to a second steam reheater and with a second of the at least two intermediate pressure turbines or turbine sections having a steam entry to receive steam from the second steam reheater and a steam exit connected to one or more low pressure turbines or turbine sections, whereby the at least two intermediate pressure turbines or turbine sections are each separated into a high temperature turbine or turbine section and into a low temperature turbine or turbine section.

Abstract: Systems and methods for actively controlling the temperature in at least portions of a steam path associated with a steam turbine are disclosed. An active temperature control unit is configured to activate one or more attemperators to maintain temperatures in at least a portion of the steam path below a pre-determined threshold. By maintaining the temperature, those portions of the steam path may use less expensive materials.

Abstract: Methods and systems for implementing a thermodynamic cycle using heat source streams having initial temperatures between about 200° F. and about 500° F. and coolant stream having relatively high temperatures greater than or equal to about 80° F., where the methods and systems have overall energy extraction efficiencies that are at least 40% higher than a corresponding Rankine cycle.

Abstract: A method for operating a steam power plant at low load is suggested comprising the extraction of live steam LS before the last superheater SH3 and/or resuperheated steam before the last resuperheater RSH2 and using the thermal energy of this steam in other heat sinks. Thus, nearly constant steam parameters of the live steam LS are achieved and the overall efficiency of the steam power plant remains at a high level.

Abstract: A compressor system includes a gear box having a first drive gear, a second drive gear and a first driven gear. A prime mover is coupled to the first drive gear and is operable to input rotational power to the gear box and a compressor is coupled to the first driven gear and is operable in response to rotation of the first driven gear to produce a flow of compressed gas. A heat exchanger is positioned to receive the flow of compressed gas and a flow of fluid and is operable to cool the flow of compressed gas and heat the flow of fluid to produce a flow of heated gas. A screw expander is coupled to the second drive gear and is operable in response to the flow of heated gas to input rotational power to the gear box.