Abstract: An abnormality detection apparatus for a Rankine cycle system includes: a main body that vaporizes a cooling medium that circulates in an internal combustion engine by giving waste heat to the cooling medium; a gas-liquid separator that separates the cooling medium into a gas-phase and a liquid-phase; a superheater that gives waste heat of the engine to the cooling medium; a condensate header tank that stores the liquid-phase cooling medium; a vane pump that pumps the liquid-phase cooling medium. If abnormality of a cooling medium supply portion that supplies the cooling medium to the engine is not detected, the abnormality detection apparatus determines whether a vane pump has abnormality on the basis of the amount of the liquid-phase cooling medium in the gas-liquid separator, the temperature of the gas-phase cooling medium in the superheater and the amount of the liquid-phase cooling medium in the condensate header tank.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for monitoring cylinder valve deactivation in an engine operating with a plurality of cylinder valves. One example method comprises indicating valve degradation based on an indication of manifold pressure over a plurality of immediately successive induction events of the engine, the indication responsive to increases and decreases in the indication of manifold pressure correlated to the induction events of engine cylinders and further correlated to whether cylinders are commanded to be activated or deactivated.

Abstract: An anti-interference antenna of a wireless tire pressure receiver has an insulating cable having a main casing and a sub-casing connected side by side with the main casing. The main casing has a power cable longitudinally mounted through the main casing. The sub-casing has an antenna longitudinally mounted through the sub-casing. As the antenna is individually sleeved by the insulating sub-casing, the antenna and the power cables are isolated to prevent from interfering with each other. Besides, the insulating cable further has at least one air channel longitudinally formed through the corresponding cable and mounted with a metal layer on an inner wall of the air channel, around the power cable, around each of power wires in the power cable, or around the power cable and the air channel, and filled with an EMI-shielding matter to further isolate the antenna and the power cables.

Abstract: A wireless tire pressure sensing device, a method for setting a standard tire pressure thereof and a wireless tire pressure sensing activation device adjust the tire pressure of each tire in a vehicle to a standard tire pressure according to a requirement of the vehicle after the wireless tire pressure sensing device is mounted in each tire, maintain each tire at the standard tire pressure for a preset time period or employ the wireless tire pressure sensing activation device to transmit a setup instruction to the wireless tire pressure sensing device to set a current tire pressure as the standard tire pressure. The wireless tire pressure sensing device can be set up with the standard tire pressure and conveniently modified. As no threshold value of tire pressure needs to be pre-stored, wireless tire pressure sensing devices with different threshold values are not necessarily prepared beforehand, thereby effectively lowering the stocking pressure on inventory management.

Abstract: Some systems and methods for operating a vessel occlusion catheter may include a control and inflation device to control the filling of the balloon in such a manner that the vessel wall will not be overstressed while the safe occlusion of the blood vessel is achieved.

Abstract: A heat conduction-type sensor corrects (calibrate) effects of a temperature of a measurement target fluid and a type of the fluid on a measurement value in measurement of a flow velocity, a mass flow, or an atmospheric pressure. Also provided is a thermal flow sensor and a thermal barometric sensor with this correcting function, high sensitivity, simple configuration, and low cost. At least two thin films that are thermally separated from a substrate through the same cavity are provided, one thin film comprises a heater and a temperature sensor, and the other thin film comprises at least one temperature sensor, the temperature sensors being thin-film thermocouples. The thin film is arranged in proximity so that it is heated only through the measurement target fluid by heating of the heater. A calibration circuit calculates and compares quantities concerning heat transfer coefficients of a standard fluid and the unknown measurement target fluid.

Abstract: There is provided a water level sensing apparatus including: a body disposed to be exposed within a liquid tank and having an accommodating space therein; and a capacitance detecting unit accommodated in the accommodating space of the body, wherein the capacitance detecting unit compares an upper side capacitance value and a lower side capacitance value and turns on or off an output signal. Because a changeable reference that the capacitance values of a reference surface and a detected surface of the body are simultaneously changed is used, even if the body comes in contact with moisture or debris, the reference surface and the detected surface are equally affected by the moisture or debris, thus reducing the occurrence of malfunction.

Abstract: A glovebox air intake emergency safety shutoff system includes a glovebox; a first manual valve operatively connected to the glovebox, wherein the first manual valve articulates between an open position and a closed position; an automatic valve operatively connected to the manual valve, wherein the automatic valve articulates between an open position and a closed position; an air intake component that inputs air into the glovebox; an air exhaust component that discharges air from the glovebox; and a pressure monitor that detects a level of pressure in the glovebox. The pressure monitor includes a pressure sensor that measures a pressure in the glovebox and transmits a signal associated with the measured pressure; and a pressure controller that receives the signal and responds according to the measured pressure. The pressure controller operatively closes the automatic valve upon the measured pressure increasing above a predetermined limit.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a capacitive component with variable capacitance coupled to a control stage that controls the capacitance, based on a reference signal, with a reference frequency, and an excitation signal, that is a multiple of the reference frequency. The capacitive component includes a variable capacitive network having a plurality of switched capacitors, each being switchable between a first configuration, where it is connected between connection terminals of the capacitive component, and a second configuration, where it is connected at most to one of the connection terminals. The control stage includes a logic module, coupled to the variable capacitive network for switching periodically each capacitor between the first configuration and the second configuration. A sign circuit, coupled to the capacitive component supplies a control signal having edges concordant with the excitation signal in one half-period of each cycle of the reference signal and discordant edges in the other half-period.

Abstract: A resonance testing apparatus has a plurality of arms for supporting a workpiece. At least one of said arms incorporates an articulation assembly having: a strut, a joint element which is movable in response to movement of the strut, and a clamp arrangement for clamping the joint element. The assembly has a first condition in which the joint element is movable and a second condition in which the clamp arrangement acts on the joint element to damp or restrict movement of the strut. The assembly includes a seating for the joint element, and a biasing arrangement for the seating. The assembly has a first condition in which the joint element is arranged on the seating and is movable on the seating and a second condition in which the biasing arrangement acts on the seating to damp or restrict movement of the joint element on the seating.

Abstract: Presented is a system and method for testing the adhesion of coatings to substrates using an ultrasonic scalar. The system comprises a body, a flexible scalpel extending from said body, and a source of ultrasonic waves. The flexible scalpel applies pressure and ultrasonic waves to a coating that is removed when the adhesion of the coating to the substrate is substandard. The method comprises applying an flexible scalpel extending from an ultrasonic adhesion test device to a coating, applying ultrasonic waves through the flexible scalpel to the coating while moving across the coating, removing the coating if there is less than an acceptable adhesion of the coating to the substrate, and inspecting the coating to determine if coating was removed from the substrate.

Abstract: A device for detecting elements in a fluid environment includes at least one acoustic resonator having a surface designed for fixing of elements. The resonator is configured for generating and measuring Lamb waves fostering generation of symmetrical Lamb waves. The device analyzes the resonance frequency of the resonator to determine the variation of the resonance frequency of the symmetrical Lamb waves representative of the presence of the elements.

Abstract: Operating an ultrasonic transmitter and receiver includes providing a MEMS composite transducer. The MEMS composite transducer includes a substrate. Portions of the substrate define an outer boundary of a cavity. A first MEMS transducing member includes a first size. A first portion of the first MEMS transducing member is anchored to the substrate. A second portion of the first MEMS transducing member extends over at least a portion of the cavity and is free to move relative to the cavity. A second MEMS transducing member includes a second size smaller than the first size of the first MEMS transducing member. A first portion of the second MEMS transducing member is anchored to the substrate. A second portion of the second MEMS transducing member extends over at least a portion of the cavity and is free to move relative to the cavity. A compliant membrane is positioned in contact with the first and second MEMS transducing members.

Abstract: An ultrasonic testing apparatus for a pipe end portion, which enables accurate ultrasonic testing, comprises an ultrasonic probe disposed under the pipe end portion. The probe 1 transmits ultrasonic waves to the pipe end portion and receives the ultrasonic waves therefrom. A probe holder houses the probe which is disposed under the pipe end portion to face the pipe end portion and follows the pipe rotation. The probe holder comprises a coupling medium reserver part that surrounds a space between the probe and the pipe end portion to contain a coupling medium therein and comprises a coupling medium reserver part body into which the coupling medium is supplied. An annular bellows part, which communicates with the reserver part body, can expand and contract vertically and an annular spacer, which is attached to the upper side of the bellows part and an upper surface thereof has a flat horizontal surface.

Abstract: A pressure indicator for indicating pressure of a pressure source. The indicator comprises a first reservoir which defines a first enclosed volume having a first inlet pipe for communication between the first enclosed volume and a first source of pressurized fluid. A passage which provides a flow path for the pressurized fluid.

Abstract: A pressure sensor includes: a container; a pressure receiving member which forms apart of the container; a pressure sensitive element which has a pressure sensing portion and a pair of base portions connected to both ends of the pressure sensing portion, and which has a detection axis parallel to a line connecting the base portions, and in which the detection axis is parallel to a displacement direction of the pressure receiving member, and which detects pressure based on displacement of the pressure receiving member; and a gate-shaped frame which includes a pair of shock absorbing portions that interposes the pressure sensitive element and is connected to a side of the pressure receiving member close to the peripheral portion or a side of the container close to the pressure receiving member and a beam portion that connects distal ends of the shock absorbing portions.

Abstract: Provided is a measuring apparatus capable of measuring a wind pressure, and in particular, a bidirectional wind pressure detecting apparatus having wind pressure sensors installed at an air introduction port and an air ejection port, respectively, to measure a wind pressure regardless of a direction of the air.

Abstract: A mechanical interface for a touch sensor includes a housing for the sensor, a triggering member for triggering the sensor, and biasing means for biasing the triggering member away from the sensor. Application to the triggering member of a predetermined force overcoming the biasing force causes the triggering member to move toward and into an electric field generated about the sensor, thereby triggering the sensor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a vibrating flow meter (210) and a method of providing a vibrating flow meter (210). The vibrating flow meter (210) includes a conduit (103A) and a driver (104) configured to vibrate the conduit (103A). The vibrating flow meter (210) also includes a first pick-off (105). The first pick-off (105) includes a first pick-off component (105a) and a second pick-off component (105b). The vibrating flow meter (210) also includes a reference member (150). The first pick-off component (105a) is coupled to the reference member (150) while the second pick-off component (105b) is coupled to the conduit (103A) proximate the first pick-off component (105a). The vibrating flow meter (210) also includes a balancing element (253) coupled to the reference member (150).

Abstract: Measuring transducer of vibration-type for a fluid flowing in a pipeline. The measuring transducer includes, in such case, a curved measuring tube for conveying the fluid, a counteroscillator having two counteroscillator arms, which are arranged on both sides of the measuring tube, and which, in each case, essentially follow the curve of the measuring tube, and which are coupled to one another in such a manner, that, during operation, they oscillate in phase with one another, and which are affixed to the measuring tube on the inlet side and outlet sides for forming corresponding coupling zones. The measuring transducer also includes an exciter mechanism, via which, during operation, the measuring tube and the counteroscillator are excitable to oscillations of opposite phase to one another.

Abstract: A small, high-stiffness torque sensor. An annular deformable body is disposed between left and right side supports. Convex sections protruding from the left side support in a rightward direction are joined to the left side surface of the annular deformable body, and convex sections protruding from the right side support in a leftward direction are joined to the right side surface of the annular deformable body. When force is applied to the right side support and torque around the Z axis acts on the left side support, the annular deformable body is elliptically deformed and the long-axis position of the inner peripheral surface of the annular deformable body moves away from the Z axis while the short-axis position moves closer to the Z axis. The acting torque is detected as a variation in the capacitance value of capacitive elements formed by displacement electrodes and fixed electrodes.

Abstract: An inlet apparatus is disclosed. The apparatus may include a first conduit for sampling, and a second and third conduit for directing flow throughout the inlet apparatus. Flow may be induced in two opposite directions through the second conduit, which affect the flow of gas through the first conduit for sampling. The various conduits of the apparatus may be connected to a device for inducing flow in different directions. The duration of the flow in a particular direction affects the amount of sample gas that enters a detection device.

Abstract: A method for assembling a sensor assembly includes providing a sensing device configured to measure at least one variable. The method also includes at least partially enclosing a magnetic material within an enclosure. At least a portion of the enclosure is manufactured from a material having a permeability that facilitates forming a magnetic field therein. The method also includes coupling the sensing device to a first portion of the enclosure. The enclosure includes at least one second portion that is movable with respect to the first portion of the enclosure such that a magnetic coupling force is induced external to the enclosure to facilitate coupling the sensor assembly to a magnetic surface.

Abstract: In a control arrangement for an automated gear shift transmission, particularly a dual clutch transmission, which provides for a plurality of functionalities with a relatively small number of slides and control valves, a first gear slide, which is assigned to a first shift device and by means of which an actuation pressure can be applied to the first shift device, has a first and a second supply input for the first and second movement direction of the piston. A supply pressure slide, by means of which a supply pressure can be directed to the gear slide, has first and second supply outputs, which are respectively connected to the first and second supply inputs of the gear slide. The supply pressure slide is designed in such a manner that it can direct a supply pressure optionally to one of the two supply outputs.

Abstract: A steering gear comprises a shaft bearing configuration which comprises a mounting which is installed in a housing section of the steering gear and has openings that enable a pivoting movement by an annular section of the mounting which is assembled with a first rolling bearing, and the mounting comprises a disk-shaped section, which is provided with the openings and relative to which the annular section can be pivoted, wherein the annular section is either assembled with the outer ring of the first rolling bearing and the disk-shaped section is attached to the housing section, or the annular section is assembled with the inner ring of the first rolling bearing and the disk-shaped section is attached to the shaft.

Abstract: In a parking position lock shifting device of a motor vehicle including an internal combustion engine, particularly a parking lock shifting device with at least one hydraulic shifting unit, the shifting unit is designed so as to be operable by a drive unit that is operable separately from the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: An active gripper for a haptic device including a parallel kinematics structure providing at least three degrees of freedom including three translational degrees of freedom, wherein the gripper comprises a first contact surface being adapted for contact by a first portion of a hand of a user, a second contact surface being adapted for contact by a second portion of the user's hand, which hand's second portion being moveable in relation to the hand's first portion, and a moveable member arranged between the first contact surface and the second contact surface and being adapted to actively move the first contact surface and the second contact surface in relation to each other.

Abstract: A shifter is fixed on a handle of a bicycle and connected with a rear speed changer of a cable and contains: a body, a first bar, and a speed changing mechanism, the body including the first bar, a chamber to receive the speed changing mechanism, and two tabs, and each tab including a first hole, and the body including a first aperture arranged on a top end thereof and communicating with the chamber to insert the cable into the chamber via the first aperture so as to connect with a first seat, the body including a first retaining ring, the chamber including a first positioning pillar, an axial shaft, a second aperture, and a first returning spring, the first positioning pillar being provided to fix a first fixing piece in the chamber, and the axial shaft being used to axially position a first hook in the chamber.

Abstract: An operating mechanism for a parking brake includes a manual brake lever pivotably coupled to a bearing block and a locking device adapted to lock the manual brake lever into a position. The locking device includes a detent arranged on the manual brake lever and adapted to pivot around a pivoting axis, the detent having a bore, a locking segment connected to the bearing block, a spring element adapted to hold the detent into a locking position on the locking segment, and a connecting element adapted to secure the detent on the manual brake lever. The connecting element and the spring element jointly form a single structural unit adapted for insertion into the bore in the detent during installation of the detent on the manual brake lever.

Abstract: A foot cradle apparatus of a muscle training device is provided, having a foot cradle with a tread and a side wall at least partially limiting the tread, and a fixation unit for fixing a human foot in the foot cradle. A foot fixation unit that is simple to handle and has small dimensions and a low weight is created in that the fixation unit is formed as a lockable, pivotable bracket, whose pivot bearing has a pivot axis oriented substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the foot cradle and is provided in a compact bearing unit which is connected fixedly at least indirectly to the foot cradle and which is attached to an inner side wall, close to the inner side of a patient's foot, of the foot cradle and is connected fixedly to the tread via the inner side wall.

Abstract: In order to avoid competition with other components for a space, to thereby improve the degree of designing freedom, the power transmission apparatus includes a transfer case housing and supporting a ring gear and a pinion gear that orthogonally mesh with each other and form an orthogonal gear set, the transfer case is divided into a first case part and a second case part along a division plane that extends along an axis of rotation of the ring gear, and the first and second case parts and are fixed together along the division plane with bolts.

Abstract: A transmission for a vehicle which includes a ground engaging structure driven from an output member of the transmission is disclosed, the transmission including a first input member connected to a prime mover, and a second input member drivable by the operation of a hydraulic drive motor, and the transmission being operable to transmit drive from the first input member to the output member in mechanical drive mode, and from the second input member to the output member in hydrostatic drive mode, the first input member providing a drive input from the prime mover to a mechanical drive train which includes a gear ratio selection apparatus, and for mechanical drive mode, the gear ratio selection apparatus providing for one of a plurality of alternative gear ratios to be selected by the engagement and/or disengagement of at least one power-shift clutch device, and the second input member being connected via a drive path to the output member, and there being a power-shift clutch device between the hydraulic drive

Abstract: A blank for use in forming a machining tool having a body with at least one end face and at least two recesses formed in the end face including a first recess wherein the first recess extends from the end face at an angle of about 15° to about 60° and a second recess continuing from the first recess extending from the end face at an angle of about 40° to about 90°.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a bottle opening device comprising first and second receptacles to receive at least a portion of a neck of a bottle, with the first receptacle including a wrapper cutting apparatus having at least one cutting element configured to cut a sever in a wrapper on the neck of the bottle, wherein the cutting element is movable towards and away from the wrapper on the neck of the bottle, and the second receptacle including a stopper extractor apparatus configured to remove a stopper from the bottle.

Abstract: A water heater wrench adapter that comprises a rotating adapter and receiver. The rotating adapter is disposed within a receiver in light interference fit, wherein the rotating adapter is frictionally engaged by the receiver to permit rotation of the rotating adapter within the receiver. The water heater wrench adapter is utilized by frictionally engaging the insulator profile with the rotating adapter, thereby securing the water heater element within the rotating adapter. The hex nut of the water heater element and the hex extension of the receiver are aligned and the hex end of a water heater wrench is disposed to engage the combined hex nut and hex extension. Thus, the water heater wrench can then be utilized to either hold the water heater element in position for installation in a water heater or remove and retain the water heater element from the water heater.

Abstract: A tubular makeup and breakout assembly 10 includes a top spinner 20, an intermediate power tong 12 and a lower backup tong 14. The spinner comprises a frame 22 which houses a pair of hydraulic cylinders 24. A plurality of rollers 26 are each intended for frictional engagement with an outer surface of a tubular to rotate the tubular. Each roller 26 is powered by hydraulic drive motor 28. The roller receives a suitable drive shaft rotatably powered by the motor and having a polygonal cross-sectional configuration. The roller comprises segments which may be removed without removing the motor or the drive shaft.

Abstract: A torque driver includes a driver arm with a pivot mounting hole formed adjacent one end, a driver spindle mounting slot or sockets spaced from the pivot mounting hole providing multiple mounting positions for retaining the driver spindle, and a locking detent. A locking element engages the locking detent, a load applicator generates a selected load onto the locking element, and a handle is pivotally attached to the driver arm at the pivot mounting hole and has finger groove for applying a tightening force. The locking detent, the locking element and the load applicator cooperate to permit relative movement between the driver arm and the handle when the tightening force applied at the finger groove is at a pre-determined value.

Abstract: A telescoping extension tool for use in combination with a socket wrench is disclosed herein. Embodiments of the telescoping extension tool are installed onto the socket wrench to extend the reach of the socket used in combination with the socket wrench. Because the extension tool is telescoping, the reach of the telescoping extension tool is infinitely adjustable between the shortest extension and the longest extension of the telescoping tool. Additionally, the external surfaces of certain components of embodiments of the present invention allow the use of other tools designed to grip hexagonal shapes to supply the rotation and torque necessary to loosen or tighten fasteners.

Abstract: A socket holder may be designed as part of a socket extension or built into a socket holding end of a ratchet. The socket holder may have a mechanism to hold the socket at a conventional position. However, unlike conventional socket holders, the present invention may allow the socket to push past the holding mechanism, allowing the socket holder to fill an inside of the socket and provide pressure on the head of the bolt being applied by the socket. A magnet may be disposed on the end of the socket holder facing the bolt to help secure the bolt within the socket holder.

Abstract: The present invention is related to an open-end wrench including a first jaw and a second jaw and a throat section connected between rear ends of the two jaws. A toothed section is disposed on the inner side of the first jaw. The toothed section has multiple sharp teeth and a wide tooth positioned behind the sharp teeth. The wide tooth has a largest width among all the teeth. The bottommost point of the throat section is spaced from a front end of the first jaw by a first length. The bottommost point of the throat section is spaced from the tooth crest of the wide tooth by a second length, which ranges from ? to ½ the first length. The toothed section has a length, which is about ? the first length. The width of the wide tooth is 0.325 to 0.375 the length of the toothed section.

Abstract: A hand tool includes a first jaw assembly and a second jaw assembly. The first jaw assembly includes a first handle portion, a first jaw portion, a first pivot portion disposed between first handle portion and the first jaw portion, and a first rail disposed on one of the first pivot portion and the first handle portion. The second jaw assembly includes a second handle portion, a second jaw portion, a second pivot portion disposed between the second handle portion and the second jaw portion, and a second rail disposed on one of the second pivot portion and the second handle portion. The second rail is shorter than the first rail. A lock button is slidingly coupled to the first rail and selectively slidingly coupled to the second rail. A resilient member disposed between the lock button and the first rail to inhibit sliding movement of the lock button.

Abstract: A power tool assembly includes an anvil having an accessory receiving end portion that defines a detent bore. A detent is positioned in the detent bore and movable between a retracted position and an extended position in the detent bore. A biasing member is configured to urge the detent toward the extended position. The detent includes an upper detent portion having a trailing abutment surface, a trailing top surface portion, and a leading top surface portion. When the detent is positioned in the extended position, the trailing abutment surface and the trailing top surface portion are located outside of the detent bore, and the leading top surface portion is located within the detent bore. When the detent is positioned in the retracted position, the trailing abutment surface is located within the detent bore, and the leading top surface portion is located within the detent bore.

Abstract: The invention relates to a pipe cutting apparatus, comprising a tubular or box-like frame (1), a pipe clamp (9) inside the frame for immobilizing a pipe (P) to be cut, an annular blade carrier (3) rotatably bearing-mounted on the frame and provided with a central opening for the pipe to pass through, one or more blade arms (4) in attachment with the annular blade carrier (3) for movement mainly in a radial direction or in a slightly off-radial direction, a cutting blade (5) mounted on the blade arm (4), and means for actuating the blade arm (4) to enable feeding the cutting blade (5), rotating outside the pipe, towards the pipe for cutting the same by shearing.

Abstract: A motorized saw in one embodiment includes a work support surface, a cutting blade supported above the work support surface and defining a cutting plane extending through a center portion of the cutting blade, a light source configured to generate a beam of light, a first reflector aligned with a first path in which a first portion of the beam of light travels and defining a first tracking line path along a first side of the cutting plane, the first reflector configured to move along and remain aligned with the first path, and a second reflector aligned with a second path in which a second portion of the beam of light travels and defining a second tracking line path along a second side of the cutting plane, the second reflector configured to move along and remain aligned with the second path.

Abstract: A multi-function salad preparation unit is provided, including a salad bowl having an upper rim and a mandoline slicer. The mandoline slicer fits on the upper rim of the salad bowl and includes a main platform along which food is to be slid, and a cutting tool disposable in the main platform, with a space adjacent the cutting edge of the tool. When food is slid across the main platform, the cutting edge removes a quantity of the food which falls through the space and into the salad bowl. The mandoline slicer preferably includes a first slot with the cutting tool insertable into the first slot substantially co-planar with an upper surface of the main platform. A second slot is also preferably provided, disposed below the upper surface, for cutting tool storage. Multiple interchangeable cutting tools, e.g., slicer(s), dicer(s), grater(s), are selectively disposable in the first and second slots.

Abstract: A multilayer backing composite for armor plate systems. One embodiment provides a ceramic layer and a bonded multilayer backing layer bonded to the ceramic layer. The backing layer can be formed from at least two layers each of alternating elastomeric interstitial layers and UHMWPE layers having an areal density in the range of about 125 to 400 g/m2. The areal density of the stack can be in the range of about 4 to 15 lbs/ft2, and specifically about 6.98 lbs/ft2. In some embodiments, at least one of the at least two UHMWPE layers nearer to the ceramic layer of the stack can have a lower areal density than at least one layer further from the ceramic layer. The ceramic layer can be SiC and 0.280? thick; each rubber layer can be about 0.01?; and each UHMWPE layer can be about 0.15?.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to new and improved armor protection that can replace the existing crew cabin with a field replaceable armored crew compartment to be attached to the existing body of an HMMWV military vehicle to protect the military personnel within from explosive blasts, roll-over or collisions. In accordance with the concepts of the present invention, in order to provide additional protection to personnel in the HMMWV crew compartment, a sacrificial V shaped hull is designed to be attached onto the underside of the crew compartment over the HMMWV frame rails. In the event of an explosion underneath the HMMWV, the V shaped hull will shield the personnel inside the cabin.

Abstract: One embodiment of a trigger system with an integral selector for semi-automatic firearms. A selector allows the user to choose between two modes and rates of fire. A trigger (1) is made to allow passage of the lower portion of a selector cam (5) to the exterior of the firearm. A selector lever (6) is affixed to the lower end of the selector cam (5) on the exterior of the firearms action. Turning the selector lever (6) rotates the selector cam (5) which tilts a pivotal disconnector (3) on its axis, varying the amount of disconnector (3) engagement with a hammer (2). The variance in the disconnector (3) engagement causes the firearm to fire in one of two modes, firing one round with a trigger pull and resetting with trigger release, or firing one round with trigger pull, and firing another round with trigger release. Other embodiments are described.

Abstract: A firearm having a gas piston system includes a bolt carrier, an adjustable gas piston block located forward on the firearm and an over-the-barrel spring and guide rod arrangement, all of which is housed and contained in a top rail that runs the length of the firearm and that maintains the alignment of these firearm components. The firearm further includes components that provide full auto firing capability. These components include a specially designed auto bracket that cooperates with a modified bolt carrier and a modified upper receiver.

Abstract: A firearm having a gas piston system includes a bolt carrier, an adjustable gas piston block located forward on the firearm and an over-the-barrel spring and guide rod arrangement, all of which is housed and contained in a top rail that runs the length of the firearm and that maintains the alignment of these firearm components. The firearm also includes an ambidextrous, non-reciprocating charging handle located forward on the firearm and positioned within the top rail for charging the firearm.