Abstract: An ophthalmic photographing apparatus includes: an interference optical system having a light source, a splitter for splitting light from the light source into measurement light traveling toward an examinee's eye and reference light, and an optical detector for receiving combined light of the measurement light reflected by the examinee's eye and the reference light; an optical scanner arranged in an optical path of the measurement light to scan a photographing region of the examinee's eye with the measurement light; a controller for obtaining a tomographic image of the photographing region by controlling the optical scanner and processing an output signal from the optical detector; and an image processor for obtaining a combined tomographic image by combining a plurality of tomographic images corresponding to a plurality of different incident angles.

Abstract: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging systems for imaging an eye are provided including a source having an associated source arm path and a reference arm having an associated reference arm path coupled to the source path, the reference arm path having an associated reference arm path length. A sample having an associated sample arm path coupled to the source arm and reference arm paths is provided. A reference arm path length adjustment module is coupled to the reference arm. The reference arm path length adjustment module is configured to automatically adjust the reference arm path length such that the reference arm path length is based on an eye length of the subject. Related methods and computer program products are also provided.

Abstract: The OculoKinetic Device is used to test an individual to evaluate brain functions and to identify the presence of a traumatic brain injury or disease which manifests itself through abnormal ocular responses to stimuli by using the high-speed tracking of an individual's eye movements, pupil size and reactivity, eye lid position and blink parameters and optionally along with other ocular elements, i.e., eyeball pressure, temperature, blood flow, etc. The eye movement stimulus protocol uses a target that moves in any direction of the two-dimensional plane and may use a color display or geometric shapes. In addition, the stimuli can be used in conjunction with cognitive testing, balance assessment, and other non-eye tests.

Abstract: Systems and methods for providing variable refractive correction in a visual field testing device are presented. One embodiment of the variable refractive correction involves two or more aligned transmissive plates arranged to produce changes in refractive power by translation or rotation of the plates relative to each other. Several alternative designs for providing variable refractive correction are described. The refractive correction can be set manually or automatically based on knowledge of the refractive error of a specific patient and spherical and cylindrical refractive correction are possible. Additional lens systems can be used to extend the range of refractive correction to accommodate a larger patient population.

Abstract: In a light source device, that obtains high light usage efficiency by projecting simultaneously two or more of three primary color lights X, Y and Z. Moreover, each color light X, Y and Z is divided into two in terms of time so that p-wave and s-wave linear polarization lights are formed, such that the synthesized light of the p-wave linear polarization lights enters a first spatial modulation element and the synthesized light of the s-wave linear polarization lights enters a second spatial modulation element to permit gradation control of each color light.

Abstract: Identical plastic hemispheres are first treated with organic solvent, which is smeared by a pillow of microporous silicon rubber to achieve a slippery surface upon the hemispheres. The slippery surface upon the hemispheres may comprise a layer of melted plastic. Hemispheres are then placed under an application chamber, where hot gas under pressure softens, deforms and transports a sheet of marker foil over the hemisphere. Two hemispheres are then joined together by use of asymmetric voids and a clip pin inserted, while under compression, into the hemispheres.

Abstract: A prismatic retroreflective article bearing a graphic and a method of making the same. The prismatic retroreflective article can include an optical layer including a front surface and a rear structured surface defined at least partially by internally reflecting cube-corner optical elements. The rear structured surface can be infused with a graphic, such that the prismatic retroreflective article retroreflects the graphic when viewed from the front surface of the optical layer. The method can include providing a graphic donor sheet, coupling the graphic donor sheet to the prismatic retroreflective article to form a composite, and applying heat and pressure to the composite to transfer at least a portion of the sublimation colorant from the graphic donor sheet to the rear structured surface of the optical layer.

Abstract: Described is a device comprising a retro-reflective marker sphere comprising: a core ball comprising: a generally spherical body portion, a mounting base extending from one end of the body portion of the core ball, and a mounting recess having a recess opening in the mounting base and extending into the body portion of the core ball, and a retro-reflective covering on the core ball, the retro-reflective covering comprising an opening through which the mounting base of the core ball extends, wherein a flat lower surface of the mounting base is spaced proximally from a lower edge of the opening of the retro-reflective covering, and wherein the mounting recess includes an interior screw thread for engaging an exterior screw thread of a mounting post when the retro-reflective marker sphere is mounted on the mounting post.

Abstract: Described is a device comprising a retro-reflective marker sphere comprising: a core ball comprising: a generally spherical body portion, a mounting base extending from one end of the body portion of the core ball, and a mounting recess having a recess opening in the mounting base and extending into the body portion of the core ball, and a retro-reflective covering on the core ball, the retro-reflective covering comprising an opening through which the mounting base of the core ball extends, wherein a flat lower surface of the mounting base is spaced proximally from a lower edge of the opening of the retro-reflective covering, and wherein the mounting recess includes an interior screw thread for engaging an exterior screw thread of a mounting post when the retro-reflective marker sphere is mounted on the mounting post.

Abstract: Described is a device comprising a retro-reflective marker sphere comprising: a core ball comprising: a generally spherical body portion, a mounting base extending from one end of the body portion of the core ball, and a mounting recess having a recess opening in the mounting base and extending into the body portion of the core ball, and a retro-reflective covering on the core ball, the retro-reflective covering comprising an opening through which the mounting base of the core ball extends, wherein a flat lower surface of the mounting base is spaced proximally from a lower edge of the opening of the retro-reflective covering, and wherein the mounting recess includes an interior screw thread for engaging an exterior screw thread of a mounting post when the retro-reflective marker sphere is mounted on the mounting post.

Abstract: Described is a device comprising a retro-reflective marker sphere comprising: a core ball comprising: a generally spherical body portion, a mounting base extending from one end of the body portion of the core ball, and a mounting recess having a recess opening in the mounting base and extending into the body portion of the core ball, and a retro-reflective covering on the core ball, the retro-reflective covering comprising an opening through which the mounting base of the core ball extends, wherein a flat lower surface of the mounting base is spaced proximally from a lower edge of the opening of the retro-reflective covering, and wherein the mounting recess includes an interior screw thread for engaging an exterior screw thread of a mounting post when the retro-reflective marker sphere is mounted on the mounting post.

Abstract: A simulated sunlight generating device for generating a simulated sunlight required for evaluating performance of solar cells includes a plurality of driving units, a plurality of light-emitting units, and a plurality of adjusting units. The driving units drive the light-emitting units to emit light. The adjusting units enable the light of the light-emitting units to not only propagate along the same light route but also be added up and combined to form the simulated sunlight of an intended wavelength with ease of installation, ease of maintenance, low costs, high flexibility, and high efficiency.

Abstract: A cover for an electrical receptacle including a faceplate. The cover also includes a first transmission tab configured to be electrically connected to a first power line of the electrical receptacle and a second transmission tab configured to be electrically connected to a second power line of the electrical receptacle. Additionally, the cover includes a device (such as a light source, circuit, port, or sensor) in communication with the first transmission tab and the second transmission tab.

Abstract: A pool light assembly includes a water inlet housing having a base with an exterior exposed to the pool water and an enclosed interior including an illuminating structure. A notch is provided in the exterior of the base and extends into the interior for allowing pool water to enter the water inlet housing and be in the proximity of the illuminating structure to act as a cooling element. A sealing structure is included for preventing water from entering electrically active elements, and a retaining member locks and encourages waterproof sealing of the electrically active elements.

Abstract: A solar-powered attachable light is adapted for use as a holiday decoration and includes a lamp pivotably mounted to an enclosure. A solar cell charges an internal rechargeable battery during daytime hours and the rechargeable battery powers the lamp during nighttime hours. A rear of the enclosure includes a clip assembly for removable attachment of the device to various outdoor structures. The device eliminates the presence of wires and the requirement of connection to a fixed power source in a manner particularly beneficial when simultaneously arranging decorative outdoor lighting in a variety of locations.

Abstract: A lighting system includes a first LED array which includes a plurality of LED sub-arrays, and a plurality of inputs operatively coupled to a corresponding LED sub-array through a controller. The intensity of light emitted by the LED sub-arrays is adjustable in response to adjusting input signals provide by the inputs. In this way, the intensity of light emitted by the LED sub-arrays is adjustable, in response to adjusting the input signals, to drive a wavelength spectrum of the first LED array to match the action spectrum of a physiological activity of a plant.

Abstract: A lighting device includes a housing having an open end and a geometrical axis and at least one light source disposed along an optical axis. The lighting device further includes an outer optical element having a focal point and closing the open end of the housing, the optical element comprising a converging outer surface and a diverging inner surface that cooperates with the light coming from the inner optical element. Additionally, the lighting device includes an inner optical element between the light source and the outer optical element, the inner optical element redirecting light from a light source that is offset from the focal point toward the outer optical element.

Abstract: There is provided a light emitting module including: a printed circuit board; a plurality of light emitting diode chips disposed at a distance from one another on a conductive pattern formed on a top of the printed circuit board; and a connector formed on a bottom of the printed circuit board and electrically connected to the plurality of light emitting diode chips. The light emitting diode chips and the connector are optimally arranged to ensure that the light emitting module is suitably utilized as a high-density linear light source including a great number of light emitting diode chips and emits light outward with minimum loss.

Abstract: Lighting devices are disclosed having a light-transmissive resin sheet and one or more light sources disposed within the light-emitting resin sheet. The light sources may, in some embodiments, be oriented so that a large portion of light emitted from the light sources exhibits total internal reflection within the light-transmissive resin sheet and is trapped inside the sheet. This total internal reflection may, for example, advantageously provide a more uniform light emitted from the lighting device when scattered from objects inside the sheet. Methods of making and using the lighting device are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to inventive methods and apparatus for a low-glare LED-based lighting unit (110). The low-glare LED-based lighting unit (110) may have vertically extending LED support structure (120) and an array of individually aimed LEDs (133) coupled to the vertically extending LED support structure (120). At least one vertically extending translucent inner lens (150/260) may be provided adjacent a plurality of the LEDs (133) and intersect the LED light output axis (A) of a plurality of the LEDs (133).

Abstract: A substrate having a plurality of light-emitting elements mounted thereon is described. The substrate may be mounted in a lighting apparatus and may include a surface on which the plurality of light-emitting elements are mounted and one or more holes through which heat may be conducted from the first surface to another surface of the substrate. For example, a heat conductive and electrically non-conductive material may cover a surface of the one or more holes. According to some arrangements, the surface of the substrate may include an electrically non-conductive layer and an electrically conductive layer such that the electrically non-conductive layer is electrically isolated or separated from the electrically conductive layer.

Abstract: A heat sink includes a thermally conductive layer comprising at least one of fullerenes and nanotubes disposed in a polymeric host. The thermally conductive layer may be disposed on a heat sink body, which may be thermally insulating and/or plastic, and may include surface area enhancing heat radiating structures, such as fins, with the thermally conductive layer being disposed over at least the surface area enhancing heat radiating structures. A light emitting diode (LED)-based lamp embodiment includes the heat sink and an LED module including one or more LED devices secured with and in thermal communication with the heat sink. A method embodiment includes forming the heat sink body and disposing the thermally conductive layer on the heat sink body. The disposing may comprise spray coating. An external energy field may be applied during spray coating to impart a non-random orientation to nanotubes in the polymeric host.

Abstract: The invention relates to a luminaire with LED technology, which comprises a power supply, wiring, a plurality of electronic components (7), a translucent or transparent closure (5), a protective housing (3) for the lighting system, and at least one electronic base plate (1) having a plurality of LEDs (2), the luminaire being characterized in that it comprises a thin film which is made of highly reflective material and is applied to at least 5% of a first surface (4a) defined by the surface of said at least one electronic base plate (1) and the electronic components (7) adjacent thereto; and/or is applied to at least 5% of a second surface (4b) defined by the inner surface of the protective housing (3) between said at least one electronic base plate (1) and the translucent or transparent closure (5).

Abstract: A light unit includes a bulb having a light source with lead wires and a separator, a switch member that includes a support member and a pair of spring terminals, and a socket having two or more conductive terminals and adapted to receive the bulb and the switch member. The switch member is adapted to cause the pair of spring terminals to contact one another to form an electrical short circuit across the pair of conductive terminals and the light source when the bulb is completely or partially removed from the socket. The lead wires form an electrical connection across the conductive terminals and the separator breaks contact between the pair of spring terminals when the bulb is seated in the socket.

Abstract: A fixture for providing omnidirectional continuous lighting comprises a light source (10). an optical system (20) adapted to concentrate, direct and shape an incident into an output slit beam, a motor (30) coupled to a revolvable part (25) of the optical system (20), thereby enabling rotation of the output slit beam, around a rotational axis (y), with such an angular velocity (?) and in such a manner that the provided lighting appears continuous to a spectator.

Abstract: A light source system comprising an illumination component, a color wheel and a light uniformization module is provided. The illumination component is disposed on a first axis to provide light beams. The color wheel defines a second axis to rotate thereabout, wherein the second axis is deflected from the first axis by an angle. The light beams provided from the illumination component are substantially focused at the first axis and onto the color wheel. The light uniformization module is disposed on the first axis after the color wheel to receive a portion of the light beams and uniformize the light beams to travel along the first axis.

Abstract: A light source that is adapted to replace existing fluorescent tubes in an existing fluorescent light fixture is disclosed. The light source includes a plurality of LEDs mounted on a heat-dissipating structure, first and second plug adapters that mate with the florescent tube connectors of the fluorescent tube the light source is to replace, and a power adapter that converts power from a fluorescent tube ballast presented on the first and second plug adapters to DC power that powers the LEDs. The light source is powered from the output of the existing fluorescent ballast. The light source can utilize the existing metallic enclosure as a heat-radiating surface and/or direct air heat transfer from the surface of the heat-dissipating structure.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide for a linear lighting system with a plurality of discrete light sources. Other embodiments of the invention include heat dissipation techniques and apparatus for a linear light system. Other embodiments of the invention include a two component lighting system that includes rails and nodes. In some embodiments, the lighting and control aspects can be divided between the rail and node. In yet other embodiments a linear lens providing a unique photometric distribution is provided.

Abstract: A lamp socket for supporting a light source provided with an LED, the lamp socket including a cooling element; a socket housing which includes socket contacts for electrically connecting the light source; and a lamp base which supports an LED connected to a heat conducting element and is insertable in the socket housing and includes base contacts which are connectable with the socket contacts through a contact force for providing power to the LED, wherein the cooling element on the socket side is connected with the heat conducting element on the base side with a contact pressure that promotes heat transfer, wherein the contact pressure is provided through a pressing force in order for the cooling element to absorb heat generated by the LED, wherein the electric contact between the socket contacts and the base contacts is provided so that it does not provide forces opposite to the pressing force.

Abstract: A backlight unit capable of emitting heat smoothly and a display device including the same are disclosed. The backlight unit includes a bottom cover, a light emitting module arranged in a predetermined area of the bottom cover, a reflective sheet provided on the bottom cover, the reflective sheet spaced apart a predetermined distance from the bottom cover, a plurality of first heat radiating members provided between the reflective sheet and the bottom cover, the plurality of the first heat radiating members spaced apart a predetermined distance from each other, a second heat radiating member arranged between the light emitting module and the first heat radiating members, and a projected part located in the second heat radiating member below the reflective sheet, the projected part supporting the reflective sheet to locate the reflective sheet spaced apart a predetermined distance from the first heat radiating members.

Abstract: An optoelectronic device includes at least one luminescence diode chip which emits electromagnetic radiation during operation of the optoelectronic device, and at least one shield against stray radiation which laterally surrounds the luminescence diode chip only in places, wherein each shield is integral with a component of the optoelectronic device.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an illumination device. The illumination device includes a cap structure. The cap structure is partially coated with a reflective material operable to reflect light. The illumination device includes one or more lighting-emitting devices disposed within the cap structure. The light-emitting devices may be light-emitting diode (LED) chips. The illumination device also includes a thermal dissipation structure. The thermal dissipation structure is coupled to the cap structure in a first direction. The thermal dissipation structure and the cap structure have a coupling interface. The coupling interface extends in a second direction substantially perpendicular to the first direction. The thermal dissipation structure has a portion that intersects the coupling interface at an angle. The angle is in a range from about 60 degrees to about 90 degrees according to some embodiments.

Abstract: A lamp shade cover that fits snugly over a lamp shade or lamp shade liner to provide interchangeable lamp shade decor with a tailored look. In embodiments, a separating closure mechanism attaches sides of the lamp shade cover together to form a lamp shade form that fits snugly over the supporting lamp shade or lamp shade liner. In embodiments, the separating closure mechanism is a separating zipper sewn into either side of the lamp shade cover. Embodiments include an interchangeable lamp shade system that includes a lamp shade liner and one or more lamp shade covers that fit snugly over the lamp shade liner and are removable via the separating closure mechanism of the lamp shade cover.

Abstract: An embodiment may include a stake with an elongated stake body that includes a stake top end, a stake bottom end, and a substantially rectangular portion with a width and a depth. The stake may further include an elongated transparent ornament window disposed within the stake body proximate to the stake top end which includes a portion extending at least the width and a portion extending less than the depth. The stake may further include an ornament disposed within the ornament window and an elongated illumination passage defined by the stake body that extends though the stake body from the stake top end to the ornament window. The illumination passage may have a portion abutting the ornament window having an area less than the area of the ornament window.

Abstract: The invention relates to a lighting device for vehicles, having a housing, a translucent diffusing screen covering a light exit opening of the housing, and a reflector. The translucent diffusing screen and the reflector may be fastened to the housing. A rapidly curing connection means may be applied to at least one interface between the housing and the diffusing screen to facilitate positioning.

Abstract: Dimpled plates for light distribution and concentration are provided. Also provided are apparatus incorporating the plates as waveguides, and methods for using the dimpled plates for distributing or concentrating input light. The dimpled plates are designed to spatially distribute light from each of one or more near point light sources into a pixelated light projection using an array of reflective conical light deflection elements.

Abstract: Light redirecting film comprises a thin optically transparent substrate having a pattern of individual optical elements formed as projections on a light exit surface of the film. At least some of the projections comprise a dome-shaped surface on the light exit surface.

Abstract: Windows, or other types of transparent materials, may be constructed to passively allow light from alternate sources to pass therethrough, while also being able to actively produce artificial light for providing illumination from one side of the window by means of an incorporated optical waveguide that accepts light from an edge of the window and disperses it from only one side of the window.

Abstract: A thin backlight module includes a light guide plate, a light source module, and an adhesive layer. The light guide plate has a light-entering end and a bottom, wherein a plurality of troughs spaced at intervals are formed on a portion of the bottom connected to the light-entering end. The light source module is disposed corresponding to the light-entering end and includes a substrate and a plurality of light sources. The light sources are disposed on the substrate and distributed along the light-entering end, wherein each of the light sources corresponds to an interval between the adjacent troughs. The adhesive layer is attached to the substrate, faces the bottom of the light guide plate, and extends into the troughs to be attached to the light guide plate.

Abstract: An optical semiconductor based illuminating apparatus includes a first unit which is disposed on an upper side of a housing and includes protrusions formed on a lower outer side of an optical member surrounding a semiconductor optical device and having an inclined surface inclined upwards from a lower edge of an optical member; and a second unit which accommodates and holds the first unit, so that it can reduce defect rate, improve assembly efficiency, and has excellent durability.

Abstract: A container for bone cement includes a first member defining a chamber, which contains a first ingredient. The chamber also includes a second member movably coupled to the first member. The second member includes a mixing device that is movably disposed within the first chamber, and the second member defines a second chamber containing a second ingredient. The container additional includes an opening device that selectively opens the second chamber and allows the second ingredient to enter from the second chamber into the first chamber. The mixing device is movable within the first chamber to promote mixing of the first ingredient and the second ingredient to prepare the bone cement. A corresponding method of preparing bone cement is also disclosed.

Abstract: An appliance for conditioning a liquid made of or based on milk, in particular for preparing heated liquid or a cold or heated frothed liquid. The appliance includes a tank for receiving the liquid that is to be conditioned; a closed compartment secured to the tank; and an electric device located therein for imparting a conditioning effect to the liquid. The compartment is made water impervious and washable under running water without infiltration thereof into the compartment containing the electric device.

Abstract: A gas diluter which comprises: dilution chambers in which a first gas is mixed with a second gas to reduce the concentration of the first gas; connecting passages with which the dilution chambers are connected serially; branched passages through which the first gas is distributed to the dilution chambers, an introduction passage through which the second gas is introduced into the dilution chamber, which is located at one end of the serially connected dilution chambers; and a discharge opening through which the gas obtained by mixing the first gas with the second gas is discharged from the dilution chamber, which is located at the other end of the serially connected dilution chambers.

Abstract: A regulating organ adapted to be integrated into a mechanical watch, comprising a first balance and a first spiral fastened to an axle, and-at least one second balance, wherein the second balance is fastened on the axle of said first balance.

Abstract: Watch display assembly including a watch support element (2), characterized in that the support element (2) is arranged to rotate on two perpendicular axes (X-X; Y-Y).

Abstract: A method for operating a calorimeter and a calorimeter that is operable to perform the method, wherein the calorimeter has a reactor (1) for receiving a reaction medium, a reactor jacket (2), an in-reactor heater (4) controlled by means of a first controller (6), an outer temperature control unit (9) in thermal contact with the reactor and controlled by a second controller (10), and a measurement sensor (5) arranged in the reactor for determining a reactor temperature (Tr). The reactor temperature is controlled by the heat which is delivered to the reactor by the in-reactor heater and by the heat that is carried in and/or out by the outer temperature control unit. A dynamic control of the heating power of the in-reactor heater and of the outer temperature control unit is used to eliminate any deviation of the reactor temperature from a reactor set-point temperature.

Abstract: A system for monitoring performance parameters of an apparatus operating at an elevated temperature, such as a gas turbine engine. The system includes sensors for sensing the performance parameters and generating analog sensor outputs, at least one hub unit mounted sufficiently close to the apparatus so as to be subjected to a first temperature in excess of 125° C., a collector unit subjected to a second temperature of less than the first temperature, and a distributor computer unit subjected to a third temperature of less than the second temperature. The hub unit has control and signal conditioning circuit boards that operate together to condition the analog sensor outputs of the sensors and produce corresponding digital data. The collector unit transmits the digital data from the hub unit to the distributor computer unit, which processes the digital data to assess the performance parameters of the apparatus.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for estimating, within a short time, the life of a cable insulating coating material containing an antioxidant in a suitable concentration based on the rate of decrease of the antioxidant and on the critical concentration of the antioxidant at which oxidative degradation rapidly proceeds. The method tests the coating material to examine its life, the coating material including a base polymer, and an antioxidant having a functional group suppressing an oxidative deteriorative reaction of the base polymer. The method includes performing a thermal degradation test on the coating material; determining the degradation levels and degradation rates of the coating material at two or more time points in the thermal degradation test, based on the ratio of the absorbance of the functional group of the antioxidant to the absorbance of the base polymer; and thereby evaluating the life of the coating material.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for wafer temperature measurement and calibration of temperature measurement devices may be based on determining the absorption of a layer in a semiconductor wafer. The absorption may be determined by directing light towards the wafer and measuring light reflected from the wafer from below the surface upon which the incident light impinges. Calibration wafers and measurement systems may be arranged and configured so that light reflected at predetermined angles to the wafer surface is measured and other light is not. Measurements may also be based on evaluating the degree of contrast in an image of a pattern in or on the wafer. Other measurements may utilize a determination of an optical path length within the wafer alongside a temperature determination based on reflected or transmitted light.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a temperature detector coupled to a conductive layer of an electrophoretic display device. The temperature detector is operable to measure a leakage current that is responsive to a temperature associated with the electrophoretic device and determine the temperature associated with the electrophoretic device based at least in part on the measured leakage current.