Abstract: Video data is transcoded on the fly to produce a progressive download viewed while the data is being received while streaming and/or may be downloaded and played later. An analyzer analyzes a portion of an input video data file to determine coded characteristics of encoded input video and determines an expected data volume. A generator generates a file header for output video data that includes an indication of the expected volume thereof. A transcoder transcodes the input video data to produce encoded output video data. The output interface supplies the encoded output video data with the file header as a stream to a receiving device. In a first embodiment, the expected volume of data in the header is overestimated and blank video chunks added. In an alternative embodiment, the expected data of volume is underestimated and compression parameters are modified during the transcoding process.

Abstract: An apparatus, a method and a computer program product for video coding are provided including selecting an encoding method from a set of encoding methods comprising at least a first encoding method and a second encoding method for encoding a block of pixels of an image; selecting at least one control point among the pixels of the block of pixels, wherein the control pixel is selected from any pixel of the block of pixels; and selecting a first reference point different from the control point; determining values of the other pixels of the selected block of pixels on the basis of the value of the control point and the value of the at least one reference point.

Abstract: The techniques are provided automatically detecting when performing pre-transmission compression on data to be sent over a network connection will be preferable to sending the data uncompressed, and for automatically performing pre-transmission compression only when doing so is determined to be beneficial. The techniques involve performing compression on sample data. The time it takes to perform the compression on the sample data, along with the reduction in size achieved by the compression, are factors used to automatically determine whether compressing data before sending the data over a network connection will achieve better results that sending the data uncompressed. In some embodiments, multiple compression algorithm/compression level combinations are tested at different points in the transmission. At each point, the sending device may switch to the algorithm/level combination that is producing the best results on the current sample.

Abstract: A decoder pipeline may include a decoding (prior to deblocking) stage followed by a deblocking stage. A memory can be coupled to the decoder pipeline. A decoded first macroblock can be output from the decoding stage directly into the deblocking stage, bypassing the memory, if a decoded second macroblock depended on to deblock the first macroblock is already deblocked. Otherwise, the decoded first macroblock is stored in the memory until the second macroblock is deblocked and available to deblock the first macroblock.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining a type of picture encoding of a decompressed video signal by detecting periodic changes of high frequency content of individual fields of the video signal. The determination may be used in particular to align picture types in successive video compression systems in a video compression concatenation chain.

Abstract: A method for offloading decoding of encoded video data from a computer system executing a video player application playing the encoded video data to a remote display terminal still enables the video player application to overlay transparent or semi-transparent graphical elements, such elements, such as user interface controls, onto the video, despite not having access to decoded video data. A video decoding function call from the video player application is intercepted and replacement video data is provided to the video player application rather than a decoded version of the encoded video data. The video player application is thereby able to overlay graphical elements onto the replacement video data to create composite video from which the graphical elements are then able to be subsequently extracted and transmitted with the encoded video data to remote display terminal, which decodes the video data and overlays the graphical elements for display.

Abstract: An apparatus performs efficient coding techniques to more efficiently locate motion vector data within neighboring video data units. The apparatus comprises a motion vector (MV) location unit that includes a look-up table (LUT), where the MV location unit obtains video data defining a plurality of video data units and processes the plurality of video data units. The apparatus further includes a geometric resolution unit that determines, while processing a current one of the plurality of video data units, which of the plurality of video data units neighbor the current video data unit. The MV location unit then accesses, for each of the neighboring video data units, the LUT to determine a location of a motion vector within a section of the video data to which the neighboring video data unit is associated.

Abstract: A method and system are provided for encoding a picture. The method includes encoding the picture into a first encoded picture using a first universal quantizer. If a size of the first encoded picture is greater than a maximum picture size, the method includes encoding the picture into a second encoded picture using small quantizers for smooth regions of the picture and large quantizers for complex regions. If a size of the second encoded picture is still greater than a maximum picture size, the method includes encoding the picture into a third encoded picture with revised quantizers for complex regions and dropping high frequency coefficients if necessary to ensure the encoded picture size never exceeds the maximum size.

Abstract: There are provided video encoders, video decoders, and corresponding methods. A video encoder for encoding video signal data for an image block includes an encoder for encoding all color components of the video signal data using a common predictor. A video decoder for decoding video signal data for an image block includes a decoder for decoding all color components of the video signal data using a common predictor. Additionally, an apparatus and method for encoding and decoding signal data for an image block includes an encoder and decoder for encoding/decoding color components of the video signal data without applying a residual color transform thereto. Furthermore, a video encoder and decoder for encoding/decoding video signal data for an image block includes an encoder and decoder for encoding/decoding the video signal data using unique predictors for each of color components of the video signal data.

Abstract: A method of decoding a video signal is disclosed. The present invention includes obtaining identification information indicating whether a coded picture of a current NAL unit is an inter-view picture group, obtaining interview reference information of the inter-view picture group, and constructing a reference picture list for inter-view prediction using the inter-view reference information according to the identification information, wherein the inter-view reference information includes view identification information of an inter-view reference picture.

Abstract: An image processing system is provided for encoding videos based on example-based compression. To select the dictionary predictor entries to encode a video, the image processing system reduces the complexity of the video by decomposing the video into smaller pieces. By breaking the video into the simpler pieces, it is easier to locate dictionary predictor entries that are similar to the pieces of the video. The image processing system may decompose the video into one more space-time tubes. For each space-time tube, the image processing system selects dictionary predictor entries to encode the tube.

Abstract: A framework for efficient sum of absolute difference (SAD) computations for variable block size, sub-pixel motion estimation is presented. Simultaneous, or parallelized, SAD computations can be performed by storing and re-using previous SAD computational information, which can speed up the performance of a motion estimation module by reducing the number of cycles necessary to perform a particular motion estimation algorithm.

Abstract: A method for motion estimation with respect to a sequence of images. Respective updates are generated based on predictor vectors. The updates are distributed over a plurality of tables, which are organized in a plurality of table sets. Only a single table of updates, of a respective selected table set, is applied to a given predictor vector to generate a limited set of candidate vectors only. For a subsequent predictor vector, a further single table of the plurality of tables out of the plurality of table sets is applied.

Abstract: A motion estimation apparatus and method for quickly performing video encoding based on a user input through a user input device are provided. The motion estimation apparatus includes an input receiver for receiving a user input, an input pattern analysis unit for analyzing the received user input and determining a user input pattern according to the analyzed user input, a storage for storing history information of a motion vector according to the user input pattern, and a motion estimator for initially estimating a motion vector of a motion estimation block of a current frame with reference to history information of a motion vector corresponding to the user input pattern stored in the storage, deciding a search location of a block matching the motion estimation block from a reference frame, and performing motion estimation on the motion estimation block using the decided search location.

Abstract: There is provided a method of detecting repeated pictures in a sequence of video picture data, each picture of said video picture data comprising a plurality of macroblocks, the method comprising performing hierarchical motion estimation on the video picture data to provide best motion vectors for each macroblock, best motion vector sum of absolute difference values for each macro block and zero motion vector sum of absolute difference values for each macroblock, wherein the hierarchical motion estimation includes a plurality of levels, and said best motion vectors, best motion vector sum of absolute difference values and zero motion vector sum of absolute difference values for each macroblock are provided for at least a top level, providing a noise threshold value based upon the zero motion vector sum of absolute difference values from the top level of the hierarchical motion estimation, accumulating the best motion vector sum of absolute difference values for macroblocks having best motion vector sum of abs

Abstract: This disclosure describes techniques for region-of-interest (ROI) encoding. In accordance with the techniques described herein, an encoding device may determine a temporal spatial dependency value for a candidate reference video block for inter-coding a current block in a video frame. The encoding device may compare the temporal spatial dependency value to a threshold value and select a coding mode for the current block based on the comparison. A decoding device may receive data defining a ROI as well as the temporal spatial dependency value and decode a video block in the ROI based at least in part on the temporal spatial dependency value. In this manner, the techniques of this disclosure may allow a video content viewer the ability to choose a ROI to watch.

Abstract: A segment allocation determination unit of an image decoding device determines an allocation of segments, in accordance with processing capabilities of the image decoding units, so that the processing times of the image decoding units are equal. When a first error detection unit detects an error, a segment allocation determination unit performs control so that the segment including the error is allocated to an image decoding unit to which a predicted reference image of the segment is allocated. When any of second error detection units detect an error, the segment allocation determination unit controls allocation of the next series of segments with consideration to a bit amount skipped due to the error. This enables providing an image decoding device that can efficiently realize decoding with a plurality of image decoding units even when an error is detected.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for encoding of a bit amount of a data section and to a corresponding decoding method. Furthermore, the invention relates to encoding, decoding, transmission and/or storage of audio and/or video data wherein said method for encoding of a bit amount of a data section and/or said corresponding decoding method are used in processing of the audio and/or video data. Said method for encoding of a bit amount of a data section comprises the steps of encoding said bit amount indicating integer as a first number of equally valued bits followed by a stop bit of different value wherein said first number equals said bit amount increased by a threshold value. Using said method, quotients of values larger than a threshold can be encoded using unary as well as binary code wherein quotients of values smaller than the threshold can be encoded in unary code.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for encoding with hypothetical reference decoder compliant bit allocation. The apparatus includes an encoder (100) for encoding image data for a picture in a resultant bitstream by controlling a bit allocation during the encoding of the image data responsive to satisfying requirements for a subsequent decoding of the bitstream. The requirements relate to preventing at least one of an underflow condition and an overflow condition in a buffer during the subsequent decoding of the bitstream.

Abstract: Systems, devices and methods for performing luma-based chroma ultra prediction are described. Down-sample filters may be applied to luma values of luma pixel positions to generate reconstructed luma values for chroma pixel positions in a prediction unit of an intra frame. The down-sampled reconstructed luma values may then be used to predict chroma values for the chroma pixel positions. In some implementations, a reconstructed luma value of a chroma position may be used to predict that position's chroma value. In other implementations, reconstructed luma values of neighboring chroma pixel positions may be analyzed to adaptively predict a chroma value for a chroma pixel position.

Abstract: A system, apparatus, and method for encoding a plurality of frames in a video stream with temporal scalability. The method includes identifying a non-uniform sequence of time values within a period, determining a frame corresponding to each time value in the non-uniform sequence, within at least one period, and assigning each of the determined frames to one of a plurality of temporal encoding layers.

Abstract: A video filter processes a video input signal having a frame type. The video filter includes a horizontal deblocking filter that is coupled to receive the video input signal and to produce a filtered video signal in response thereto. A vertical deblocking filter includes a mode controller that generates a mode control signal based on the frame type. A filter is selectively enabled based on the mode control signal, and wherein, when the filter is selectively enabled, the filter video deblock filters the filtered video signal to generate the processed video signal.

Abstract: For generating a signal to be transmitted original information is encoded into a main channel and a side channel, wherein the side channel is more robust against channel influences than the main channel. On the receiver side, when the receive quality is above a threshold, which is necessitated to execute a successful decoding of the main channel, the main channel is reproduced. If the receive quality falls below this threshold, however, the side channel is reproduced which may have less bits than the main channel and which is a correspondingly lower quality representation of the original information than the main channel.

Abstract: In one aspect, a wireless system includes an encoder configured to encode data using a spinal code which uses a function over the message bits to directly produce a sequence of constellation symbols for transmission. The wireless system also includes a decoder configured to decode the spinal code. The function may be at least one of a non-linear function and a hash function.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) in a communication system are provided. The method includes determining an IFFT size based on a number of input information symbols, and performing an IFFT operation based on the determined IFFT size.

Abstract: In OFDMA wireless communications systems, pilot pattern design is optimized based on predefined resource block size. The number of pilots and the spacing between pilots within a resource block is determined based on a set of system requirements. In one novel aspect, in a high-rank MIMO system, pilots are allocated within a resource block to avoid channel extrapolation in frequency domain only. Because high-rank MIMO only supports low-mobility environment, time-domain extrapolation is no longer a dominant factor. For uplink transmission, one or more frequency tones at one or more edges of the resource block are reserved to be pilot-free to reduce multiuser synchronization error effect. When continuous resource blocks are jointly used for channel estimation, the upper and lower edges of each resource block are left with blanks such that edge pilots of adjacent resource blocks are not too close to each other to improve channel estimation.

Abstract: In OFDMA wireless communications systems, pilot pattern design is optimized based on predefined resource block size. The number of pilots and the spacing between pilots within a resource block is determined based on a set of system requirements. In one novel aspect, if resource block size is smaller than three in either frequency or time domain, then the pilots are allocated such that average pilot-to-data distance is minimized and that pilot-to-pilot distance is as large as possible. In one example, m pilots are allocated in an i×j resource block. The resource block is partitioned into n equal sub blocks, where m is a multiple of n. Within each sub block, m/n pilots are positioned such that average pilot-to-data distance is minimized. On the other hand, if resource block size is larger than or equal to three in both frequency and time domain, then pilots are allocated to avoid channel extrapolation.

Abstract: A method for transmitting a signal over a power line channel and a corresponding power line communication modem, wherein the signal is OFDM-modulated on a set of sub-carriers, the sub-carriers being separated by a frequency separation. The method includes receiving a noise signal via the power line channel, determining respective signal values of the received noise signal within a plurality of fine frequency bands with a first resolution bandwidth, wherein the first resolution bandwidth is smaller than the frequency separation, determining a first disturbed frequency band of the plurality of fine frequency bands based on the respective signal values, and notching the signal in the first disturbed frequency band before transmitting the signal.

Abstract: In a method for generating a physical layer (PHY) data unit for transmission via a communication channel, a first set of modulation coding schemes (MCSs) and a second set of MCSs that correspond to a number of spatial streams and a number of encoders are provided. The first set of MCSs correspond to a first channel bandwidth and the second set of MCSs correspond to a second channel bandwidth, and the first set of MCSs is different than the second set of MCSs. An MCS is selected from the first set of MCSs when the PHY data unit is to be transmitted using a channel having the first channel bandwidth, and the MCS is selected from the second set of MCSs when the PHY data unit is to be transmitted using a channel having the second channel bandwidth. Information bits are encoded using the number of encoders and according to the selected MCS, and the encoded information bits are parsed into the number of spatial streams.

Abstract: According to embodiments there is provided a method for reducing the crest factor of an input signal. The method is performed in a part of a transmitter and comprises creating a clipped signal by clipping the input signal using a predetermined clipping threshold and creating a peak signal from the input signal. The peak signal comprises the difference between the input signal and the clipped signal. At least part of the peak signal is convoluted with an inverse Fourier transform of a filtering mask defined in the frequency domain. In this way a filtered signal is created. A subtraction signal is generated by subtracting the filtered signal from the input signal.

Abstract: An apparatus including a processor and a radio frequency (RF) interface. The processor may be configured to process downlink information such that a latency of the apparatus is determined by an amount of time involved in processing the downlink information to obtain a single orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (OFDM) symbol for presentation to the RF interface.

Abstract: A method and system for wireless communication in a wireless communication network. The wireless communication network has a first mobile terminal and a second mobile terminal arranged in virtual multiple input, multiple output (“V-MIMO”) communication with a base station. A first wireless communication uplink channel corresponding to the first mobile terminal is estimated. The estimate is based on a first reference symbol signal and the cancellation of interference from a second reference symbol signal received from the second mobile terminal. A second wireless communication uplink channel corresponding to the second mobile terminal is estimated. The estimate is based on the second reference symbol signal and the cancellation of interference from the first reference symbol signal received from the first mobile terminal.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides for the construction and use of a set of Zero-Correlation-Zone (ZCZ) Concatenated Complementary Pair (CCP) sequences with zero-correlation-zone range greater than one or with zero-correlation-zone range equal to one and the sequence set size greater than two. Complementary pair sequences A and B are selected and, for each member of the set of ZCZ CCP sequences, sign sequences pA and pB are combined with the complementary pair sequences to form a member ZCZ CCP sequence of the set. A ZCZ CCP sequence modified by propagation over a communication channel may be identified by cross-correlation with ZCZ CCP sequences of the set. A set of sign sequences may be constructed by recursive expansion from an initial set or found by a computer search. The sequences may be used in a transceiver of a portable electronic device or other communication device.

Abstract: In various embodiments, techniques are provided to determine channel characteristics of various communication systems such as OFDM systems or systems using a plurality of transmit antennas by using various sets of training symbols that produce zero cross-correlation energy. Channel communication can accordingly be simplified as the zero cross-correlation property allows for channel estimation without a matrix inversion.

Abstract: An automatic gain control apparatus and method for a compressed mode in a MIMO system are provided. The method includes determining power at a first frequency band using a first receiver, simultaneously determining power at a second frequency band using a second receiver in a compressed mode, if the second receiver changes a power determination frequency band into the first frequency band, correcting the power determination value of the first receiver, and applying the corrected power determination value of the first receiver to the second receiver.

Abstract: A system and method for outer loop link adaptation for a wireless communications system are provided. A method for transmitting information includes receiving information to be transmitted, the information includes at least one codeword, encoding the at least one codeword, and transmitting the encoded at least one codeword. The encoding is based on a measurement of a channel being used to transmit the information and performance measurements for the channel.

Abstract: Provided is a method of generating an adaptive codebook and a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) communication system using the adaptive codebook. A transmitter and a receiver may generate, from a base codebook based on a matrix associated with statistics of a channel matrix, the adaptive codebook maintaining a unitary characteristic. The transmitter may perform scheduling, transmit filter design, and precoding using adaptive codebook based feedback information.

Abstract: Soft decision sections provisionally decide each modulated signal separated using an inverse matrix calculation of a channel fluctuation matrix at separation section. Signal point reduction sections reduce candidate signal points of a multiplexed modulated signal using the provisional decision results. Soft decision sections make a correct decision using the reduced candidate signal points and obtain received data of each modulated signal. This allows received data RA, RB with a good error rate characteristic to be obtained with a relatively small number of calculations without reducing data transmission efficiency.

Abstract: Method, arrangement and computer program product in a base station for transmitting two USF values and two data blocks to a terminal. The base station and the terminal are comprised within a wireless communication network. The two USF values are to be sent across the first data block and the second data block. The first data block and first parts of the two USF values are modulated with a first modulation technique and the second data block and second parts of the two USF values are modulated with a second modulation technique. The modulated data blocks and USF parts are transmitted to the terminal. Further, a method, an arrangement and a computer program product in a terminal for receiving USF values and data blocks from a base station are described. In addition, a method, an arrangement and a computer program product in a control node are described.

Abstract: Signals propagating from an aggressor communication channel can cause detrimental interference in a victim communication channel. One or more noise cancellers can generate an interference compensation signal to suppress or cancel the interference based on one or more settings. A controller can execute algorithms to find preferred settings for the noise canceller(s). The controller can use a feedback signal (e.g., receive signal quality indicator) received from a victim receiver during the execution of the algorithm(s) to find the preferred settings. One exemplary algorithm includes sequentially evaluating the feedback resulting from a predetermined list of settings. Another algorithm includes determining whether to move from one setting to the next based on the feedback values for both settings. Yet another algorithm includes evaluating a number of sample settings to determine which of the sample settings result in a better feedback value and searching around that sample setting for a preferred setting.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system and to a method for the cooperation among base stations, in which a communication service is provided to a plurality of communication terminals through the plurality of base stations. When channel state information of a communication terminal is acquired, a serving base station selects a serving channel code matching the channel state information from a codebook, calculates linear transform information using the serving channel code and the channel state information, and transmits the serving channel code to a cooperative base station. When the cooperative base station receives a cooperation channel code, the serving base station calculates serving weight information of the serving base station and cooperation weight information of the cooperative base station using the serving channel code and the cooperation channel code, and determines a beam forming vector by applying the linear transform information to the serving weight information.

Abstract: The present disclosure is concerned with a digital transmitter using Delta-Sigma modulators (DMSs) that uses an up-sampler and modulator block that follows the DSMs to generate the RF equivalent of the baseband signal to be transmitted. The up-sampler and modulator block is simple to implement and contains only one or a few multiplexers implemented in high speed logic technology.

Abstract: A coding method with a small error is provided. In the coding method of the present invention, a normalization value obtained from an input signal is corrected for an error calculated from an input and output in vector quantization and is then quantized. The coding method includes a normalization stage of normalizing the input signal in accordance with the normalization value of the input signal, calculated in each frame; a dividing stage of dividing the normalized frame into divided input signal sequences in accordance with a predetermined rule; a vector quantization stage of applying vector quantization to the divided input signal sequences to generate a vector quantization index; and a normalization value correction stage of correcting the normalization value of the input signal for the error obtained from the input and output in the vector quantization stage.

Abstract: To provide a quadrature modulator, a signal generating device, and a quadrature modulation method capable of correcting a gain balance error, a zero offset error, and an orthogonality error that occur during quadrature modulation. The quadrature modulator 20 includes a quadrature modulation unit 22, a quadrature modulation error calculating unit 40 that calculates quadrature modulation errors on the basis of the power of a quadrature-modulated signal output from the quadrature modulation unit 22, and an error correcting unit 30 that corrects a baseband signal such that the quadrature modulation errors are removed. The quadrature modulation error calculating unit 40 includes a power measuring unit 41 that measures the power of the quadrature-modulated signal, a gain balance error calculating unit 42, a zero offset error calculating unit 43, and an orthogonality error calculating unit 44.

Abstract: A transmitter architecture having a single signal path or hardware to cover WCDMA/EDGE/GSM applications, and requires no SAW at the transmitter outputs. The transmitter architecture allows for a transmit convergence feature. A passive mixer with unique driver and furthermore using native devices available from the CMOS process for the mixer cores enables low voltage and low power design, low output noise and high linearity. A digital variable gain amplifier has the capability to cover wide output dynamic range operated from low supply voltage and interfaced digitally with the baseband circuit without DAC. A single transformer is used to combine the outputs from the WCDMA/EDGE and GSM drivers and subsequently convert the differential signal paths into a single-ended signal. RF switches are used to divert the output from the transformer to different bands and applications.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for adjusting power grants in wireless communications. Multiple power grant tables are stored and one or more tables are designated during communication.

Abstract: Techniques for rotating and transmitting multidimensional constellations are disclosed. A method for rotating a multidimensional constellation may include constructing a first rotation matrix, constructing a second rotation matrix, applying orthogonality constraints to the first and second rotation matrices; selecting an optimizing rotation matrix from the first and second rotation matrices; and rotating the multidimensional constellation using the optimizing rotation matrix. Constructing the first rotation matrix and second rotation matrices may include constructing a first column that includes first matrix dements based on the number of axes in the multidimensional constellation, and additional columns that include permutations of the first matrix elements.

Abstract: A phase shifter-attenuator system having: a controller for producing a digital word representative of a predetermined phase shift and attenuation provided to an input signal; and a phase shifter-attenuation section. The phase shifter-attenuation section includes: a phase rotator for providing one of a plurality combinations of phase shifts-attenuation states to the input signal selectively in accordance with one portion of the produced digital word; and an attenuation section for distributing the plurality of combinations of phase shift-attenuation states over a selected range of attenuations, such range being selected in accordance with a second portion of the produced digital word.

Abstract: Systems and methods for improving the performance of a MIMO wireless communication system by reducing the amount of uplink resources that are needed to provide channel performance feedback for the adjustment of data rates on the downlink MIMO channels. In one embodiment, a method comprises encoding each of a set of data streams according to corresponding data rates, permuting the data streams on a set of MIMO channels according to a full permutation of combinations, transmitting the permuted data streams, receiving the permuted data streams, decoding and determining an SNR for each of the data streams, computing a condensed SNR metric for the set of data streams, providing the condensed metric as feedback, determining a set of individual SNR metrics for the data streams based on the condensed SNR metric, and adjusting the data rates at which the data streams are encoded based on the individual SNR metrics.

Abstract: The quality of a received signal in a non-linear receiver is estimated using a coupling matrix G or Q that describes the interaction of symbols in the received signal with other symbols and/or how the impairment (noise and interference) interacts in the received signal. The coupling matrix is also useful for joint detection. The signal quality estimate may include, e.g., the minimum eigenvalue, and other functions, such as the determinant and trace of the coupling matrix. When G or Q varies with each block, as in CDMA systems employing longcode scrambling, a representative matrix can be used, such as a matrix of RMS values or average magnitudes of real and imaginary components. The signal quality estimate can be expressed as a bit error rate (BER).