Abstract: The invention provides a method for manufacturing an oxygen sensor that is excellent in responsiveness and can be preferably used for diagnosis of catalyst deterioration. An oxygen sensor 1 equipped with an oxygen sensor element 11 comprising a solid electrolyte 21 and Pt coatings, as a pair of electrodes, on both surfaces of the solid electrolyte 21 is manufactured. The method comprises at least steps of: providing a Pt coating 23 on at least one of the solid electrolyte 21 surfaces exposed to the gas to be tested so as to form closed pores 23a inside the Pt coating 23; and heating either the Pt coating 23 or 24 exposed to gas to be tested in a gas atmosphere with higher oxygen concentration than that of the atmospheric gas.

Abstract: A method for producing piston for an internal combustion engine which has a piston head that has a circumferential cooling channel as well as a combustion bowl having a circumferential bowl wall that makes a transition into a piston crown by way of a bowl edge region. The combustion bowl is formed at least in part by a piston base body and the bowl wall is formed at least in part from an insert. The insert is connected with the piston base body by means of beam welding. A lower weld. seam is configured in the bowl wall, which seam encloses an acute angle with the piston center axis (M) and ends in the lower half of the cooling channel. An upper weld seam runs from the cooling channel ceiling to the piston crown and is disposed centered or radially offset toward the outside, with reference to the clear width of the cooling channel.

Abstract: A cylinder liner installation tool for seating a cylinder liner into an engine block includes a body having a handle mount section at a proximal end and a head bolt mounting section at a distal end, a press rod attached to the body toward the distal end by a hinge mount, a press plate attached to the press rod, and a handle extension removably attached to the handle mount section, wherein the head bolt mounting section is configured to receive a head bolt mounted to the engine block so that application of an applied force to the handle extension results in a translation of the force down the press rod to the press plate. A method of installing a cylinder liner into a cylinder bore in an engine block includes using a cylinder liner installation tool.

Abstract: A method of refurbishing a gas turbine engine rotor is disclosed and includes an initial step of inspecting a rotor for defects such as cracks. A strain is then generated around any detected cracks in the rotor to create enhanced plasticized zones about the detected defects that delay defect propagation. Strain is generated by rotating the rotor at speeds greater than operational speeds to induce the desired strain and delay the propagation of defects.

Abstract: In one aspect, a method of forming a hot gas path component is provided. The method includes forming at least one groove in an outer surface of a substrate, wherein the at least one groove has a base and a top. The method further includes filling the at least one groove with a filler. The method also includes applying at least one cover layer over at least a portion of the outer surface of the substrate such that the at least one groove and the at least one cover layer define at least one micro-channel for cooling the component. The filler is automatically removed from the at least one micro-channel during application of the at least one cover layer. Methods for coating a hot gas component and for assembling a turbine engine assembly are also provided.

Abstract: A method for finishing a shape of a component by machining, in which one area is produced by smelting with a thickened portion forming a first surface with a surrounding profile and a theoretical profile defined by a second surface, the method including: defining, on the second surface, a grid forming nodes and squares; defining each point over which the machining tool is to pass according to weighting coefficients equal to weight to be given to the nodes of the square in which the tool is located, to be the barycenter of assigned nodes of the coefficients; measuring, for each node located outside an outer limit, the delta between the first surface at the node and the theoretical position of the node; calculating deltas for each node within the outer limit by interpolation from already known deltas; using the weighting coefficients, defining the delta to be applied at each point.

Abstract: A thermal module structure and a manufacturing method thereof. The thermal module structure includes a base and a heat pipe. The base has a first channel and a first recessed section in communication with the first channel. The heat pipe is correspondingly disposed in the first channel. According to the thermal module structure, the heat pipe can directly contact heat source and directly connect with the base without brazing. Therefore, the manufacturing cost is greatly lowered.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of manufacturing a spring for a timepiece, including the following steps: (a) forming a body using first and second metallic materials secured to each other; (b) decreasing the section of the body; and winding the body to form the spring. The invention also relates to the spring obtained via the method. The invention concerns the field of regulating members for timepieces.

Abstract: A method of producing a door frame, which includes a tubular portion which is positioned on a vehicle interior side and has a closed cross-sectional shape, a design portion which is positioned on a vehicle exterior side, and a connecting portion which connects the tubular portion and the design portion; the method includes forming a frame body having a uniform cross section by roll-forming a metal sheet, the frame body including the tubular portion, the design portion and the connecting portion; and varying a width of the tubular portion by press-deforming a section of the tubular portion toward the vehicle interior side.

Abstract: A feeding utensil (100) having a handle (102), a tool (104) end and an integrally formed flexible elongate strap (106) and the strap (106) having an engagement section (109) suitable for engaging with a portion of the handle (102), and methods of manufacture of such a feeding utensil (100).

Abstract: This invention relates to a blade storing device and blade combination. The blade includes opposite substantially parallel sides which meet at a cutting edge. The blade storing device includes a housing having an access opening at an end of the housing through which the blade can be moved longitudinally to be inserted into or withdrawn from the housing. The combination includes a blade restraining mechanism that includes a restraining member coupled to the housing and an opening within the blade, the restraining member having active and inactive positions. In the active position, the restraining member is positioned inside the opening within the blade for preventing withdrawal of the blade from the housing. In the inactive position, the restraining member is positioned outside the opening within the blade for allowing withdrawal of the blade from the housing.

Abstract: An accessory for a reciprocating power tool including a first blade clamp mechanism and a linkage having a first end and a second end. The accessory further includes an attachment member coupled to the first blade clamp mechanism and to the first end of the linkage. The attachment member couples the linkage to the tool. A shaft is secured to the second end of the linkage and includes a second blade clamp mechanism. A distal member is coupled to the power tool and defines a channel through which the shaft extends. The channel defines a first stop surface and a second stop surface. A biasing mechanism is contained within the distal member and supported by one of the first and second stop surfaces. The biasing mechanism biases the shaft in a first position.

Abstract: A cutting tool for removing and adhesive joint for a window may include an anchor assembly to be anchored on a support surface, a pulling assembly including a cutting blade to cut the adhesive joint and a cord to move the pulling assembly towards the anchor assembly.

Abstract: A hand-held device for cutting small food items includes a housing, a cutting member disposed adjacent a lower end of the housing, a plunger movable with respect to the housing toward and away from the cutting member, and a spring cooperating with the plunger. The housing includes a side wall having an opening through which small food items are loaded into an interior compartment of the housing. The plunger includes a ram for contacting a small food item loaded into the interior compartment of the housing, a button for being pressed by an operator's thumb to move the ram toward the cutting member, and a plunger rod connecting the button with the ram. The spring cooperates with the plunger biasing the ram away from the cutting member. Wings can be provided on the housing.

Abstract: A trimmer improver comprises: a blade holder, of which one side is formed with a guide groove and at least one blade groove that aligns with the guide groove; at least one blade, being detachably and correspondingly arranged in the blade groove, of which the end is exposed to the blade groove; and a cover, of which the outer margin aligns with the upper edge of at least one blade groove to close the blade holder. Accordingly, with various types of blades replaceable, the trimmer improver is provided for much more effectively trimming the skins of the wood product made of different materials.

Abstract: The invention is a method and device for measuring the slope of a surface. The device includes a frame, one or more clear tubes containing a liquid and a gas bubble, and an attachment facilitating attachment to a sloped surface. The attachment may be a removable strap or magnets. The tubes are fixed at angles greater than zero degrees and less than ninety degrees relative to the bottom surface of the frame and a visual indication of the angle of each tube is present on the device. The device is designed to be placed parallel to the slope of a sloped surface and the slope of the surface can then be increased or decreased such that the gas bubble will become centered within the tube when the angle of slope conforms to a desired standard.

Abstract: The embodiments of the Castable Depth Finding Device are comprised of a lower body, a lower cavity, an upper body, an upper cavity, a hollow tube, an arch, a fishing line hole, a body neck, a water emptying port, a calibrated scale, a weight, a left lower member, a right lower member, a platform, and a pin. The lower body is constructed of a transparent material so internal contents can be viewed. The lower cavity is formed by the lower body and is located inside of lower body. The upper body forms the upper cavity and is located inside of upper body. Upper cavity is open to lower cavity. The castable depth finding device can be tied onto a fishing line or a string. It can also be clipped onto a line or onto a fishing lure with a clip or a swivel.

Abstract: A biomass drying system includes a rotary biomass dryer that includes a helically threaded auger shaft rotatably driven by a prime mover, such as an electric motor. No external source of heat is required to dry a wet biomass material that is supplied to an input of the biomass dryer. Instead, the helical threads on the shaft have a variable width, designed to gradually increase the compression applied as the biomass material is advanced through a generally cylindrical bore in the biomass dryer. A variable compression nozzle is disposed at a distal end of the bore and can be adjusted to achieve a desired level of a parameter such as the moisture content of the dried biomass material produced by the system. The variable compression nozzle, which can be automatically controlled, includes longitudinally extending segments that are forced radially inwardly to increase the compression force applied to the biomass material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hand dryer for drying a user's hands by means of an airflow discharged through an air outlet on the hand dryer. The airflow is generated by a motor-driven fan unit. The hand dryer comprises a plurality of air intakes, the air intakes being connected to the fan unit to form a plurality of parallel air-intake paths. Each air intake path is provided with a separate air-filter. The air-filters may be replaceable for individual replacement as required.

Abstract: A dryer with a heat pump that includes a cabinet, a drum installed within the cabinet, and an exhaust duct configured to exhaust air from the drum to outside of the cabinet. The dryer also includes a fan configured to inhale air from the drum and pump the air to the exhaust duct, an evaporator configured to exchange heat with air being exhausted through the exhaust duct, and a condenser disposed at a rear side of the drum. The dryer further includes an intake passage member configured to guide air that has passed through the condenser into the drum and a compressor and an expansion apparatus configured to define a heat pump along the evaporator and condenser.

Abstract: A bottle drying stand for a standard bottle having a side wall, transitioning through a shoulder to a bottle mouth. The stand includes a peripheral side wall resting upon a base rim. The upper end of the side wall forms a support rim sized for the inverted bottle to rest upon at its shoulder. A drip cup extends inwardly and downwardly from the support rim, and the mouth of the bottle is received therein. The drip cup includes a cup opening for airflow, preferably coaxial with the bottle mouth. The side wall of the stand also includes wall openings permitting airflow inward to communicate with the cup opening.

Abstract: A drying machine has a cabinet, a drying drum disposed at an inside the cabinet to accommodate a laundry, and configured to rotate by receiving rotating force from a driving source, and at least one lifter provided at an inner circumferential surface of the drying drum, and configured to have the laundry move at an inside the drying drum. the at least one lifter includes at least one coupling boss part configured to be coupled to the drying drum, and at least one guide rib protrudedly provided to pass through the drying drum so as to temporarily couple the at least one lifter to the drying drum, so that the adhesiveness is increased at the time of assembling the at least one lifter to the drying drum, thereby preventing the vibration and water leakage during rotation of the drying drum.

Abstract: Systems, methods and devices for washing delicate items are provided. In accordance with some embodiments, an assembly for reducing wear and tear of products within an appliance is provided. The assembly comprising an elongated member having distal and proximal connectors that are secured to receiving parts of the appliance, and having least one holding element that is removably mounted along the length of the elongated member and is configured to releasably hold at least one product.

Abstract: A device for drying work pieces, in particular vehicle wheels, having a dryer housing which borders a dryer chamber and has at least one access to the dryer chamber. Work piece carriers loaded with work pieces can be conveyed through the dryer chamber by a conveyance system. There is a transfer device which transfers work pieces to be dried to a work piece carrier located in the dryer chamber, and removes dried work pieces by a work piece carrier located in the dryer chamber. The work piece carriers can be conveyed in circulation through the dryer chamber without leaving same. A method for drying work pieces, wherein the work piece carriers are correspondingly conveyed through the dryer chamber without leaving same, wherein work pieces to be dried are transferred to a work piece carrier located in the dryer chamber and dried work pieces are removed by a work piece carrier located in the dryer chamber.

Abstract: A heat treatment apparatus for heat-treating powder particles each containing a binder resin and a colorant includes: a powder particle supply unit (3); a hot air supply unit (2); a cold air supply unit (4); a regulating unit (6); and a collection unit (5). The apparatus is characterized in that: a protrusion with a height of 2 mm or more and 50 mm or less is provided in a region on a downstream side of the powder particle supply unit and on an upstream side of the cold air supply unit in an inner wall surface of the treatment chamber; and the heat treatment apparatus has a cross-section plane, which is perpendicular to a center axis of the treatment chamber and situated at the region where the protrusion is provided, and Dmin and Dmax satisfy the following relation 0.50?Dmin/Dmax<1.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a clothes treating apparatus having a hot air supply device and an operating method thereof, and according to an aspect of the present disclosure, a clothes treating apparatus may include a drum configured to accommodate an object to be dried; a linear valve configured to linearly adjust the amount of supplied gas; a burner configured to burn gas supplied by the linear valve; a hot air supply device configured to supply hot air heated by the burner into the drum; a temperature sensor configured to measure the temperature of air exhausted from the drum; and a control means configured to adjust the amount of gas supplied to the burner based on a temperature measured by the temperature sensor, wherein the control means partitions a drying process into a plurality of sections based on a temperature change of the exhaust air, and varies a gas supply amount for each section.

Abstract: A water-proof protective overshoe adapted to be worn over shoes to keep the shoes warm and dry is provided. The water-proof protective overshoe includes a body portion and a sole portion. The body portion may include one or more opening means, such as zippers, and one or more tightening means. The protective overshoes may be quickly put on and removed. The protective overshoe is adapted for use by players on the sidelines of an athletic game or match.

Abstract: A sockliner for use in a shoe assembly designed to strategically distribute underfoot pressure and to facilitate air circulation within a shoe. The sockliner includes a base having a top face, a bottom face and a plurality of perforation holes positioned across the length of the base and extending therethrough. The sockliner further includes a plurality of ventilation grooves located along a peripheral edge of the sockliner designed to cooperate with the perforation holes to encourage air flow. The bottom face of the sockliner further includes a plurality of zones, each zone including a plurality of lugs which are strategically designed and located to support the weight of the wearer and provide cushioning to the wearer's foot.

Abstract: A lace-tying system with two components through which both sides of a lace are laced is disclosed. The first component can slide down the lace to tighten the article of footwear or up the lace to loosen the article of footwear. After the first component is pushed down to the article of footwear top to tighten the article of footwear, the second component is attached to the first component using a fastener, thus forming a double bow with the portions of the lace between the first component and the second component.

Abstract: An article of footwear may include an upper having a knitted component formed of unitary knit construction. The knitted component includes a collar portion and a throat portion. The collar portion has a cylindrical configuration and the throat portion extends outward from the collar portion. In some configurations, the collar portion and the throat portion form (a) a first area of an exterior surface of the upper and (b) a first area of an interior surface of the upper. The upper may also include a cover component secured to the knitted component and forming (a) a second area of the exterior surface of the upper and (b) a second area of the interior surface of the upper.

Abstract: An article of footwear may include a knitted component formed of unitary knit construction. The knitted component includes a sock portion and a tongue portion. The sock portion has a hollow structure (a) forming an ankle opening in a heel region of the footwear and (b) extending between the heel region and a forefoot region of the footwear to define a void within the footwear for receiving a foot. The tongue portion has an elongate configuration (a) extending through at least a portion of a length of a throat area of the upper and (b) including two knit layers that lay adjacent to each other.

Abstract: An aqueous dispersion including an acid-modified polyolefin resin (A) having a content of an unsaturated carboxylic acid component of 0.1 to 10% by mass, a rubber component (B), a tackifier component (C) and an aqueous medium, wherein in relation to 100 parts by mass of the acid-modified polyolefin resin (A), the content of the rubber component (B) is 5 to 1900 parts by mass, and in relation to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the acid-modified polyolefin resin (A) and the rubber component (B), the content of the tackifier component (C) is 5 to 300 parts by mass.

Abstract: Footwear having interchangeable heels, includes: (a) a top component having a back section, a middle, a front and an upper section for encompassing a foot, the top component having an underside shape and contour, and having at least two separate connect mechanisms for connection to a bottom component; (b) a bottom component having a having back, a middle, and a front section, the bottom component having a topside shape and contour sufficiently coinciding with the top component underside shape and contour so as to nest with one another, and having at least two separate connect mechanisms corresponding to the at least two separate mechanisms of the top component for connection to it; and (c) at least one locking mechanism.

Abstract: An article of footwear includes an upper and a sole secured thereto. The sole includes a midsole with a receptacle, within which a flexible fluid-filled bladder may be fitted. The bladder is adjustable with respect to the midsole between at least first and second orientations. The bladder provides the sole with a first characteristic when in the first orientation and a second characteristic, different from the first characteristic, when in the second orientation. Accordingly, the sole is readily adjustable between the first characteristic and the second characteristic by movement of the bladder with respect to the midsole.

Abstract: A sweat absorbing antiskid slipper includes a tread, a shoelace used to fasten the foot, and an antiskid layer made of a gasket and a linen pad. The linen pad is coupled with the surface of the gasket and the bottom surface of the gasket is stick to the surface of the tread. The tread surface includes the antiskid layer made of the gasket and the linen pad. When human feet are sweating, the linen pad of the antiskid layer absorbs sweat, and the linen pad surface is relatively rough, increasing the friction of the sole, thereby preventing the sole from slipping and falling down.

Abstract: A toe piece (10) of a binding for shoes includes a support base (11) provided with a pair of jaws (13) arranged on opposite sides of the support base (11) and provided with respective pins (15), which extend transversely inwards and are adapted to engage respective seats (21) of metal material arranged in the toe of a footwear item (SB). The support base is further provided with an actuating system (17) operable for actuating the jaws to close or open for respectively locking or releasing the toe of the footwear item (SB). At least one of the pins has at least one portion of magnetized material, configured so that, when the toe of the footwear item (SB) is brought close to the jaws (13) in an open position, at least one of the jaws is urged by magnetic attraction of the respective pin (15) towards the respective seat (21) on the footwear item (SB), without operation of the actuating system (17).

Abstract: A golf shoe-mountable golf club head face cleaning system includes an arm attachment and a cleaning attachment. The arm attachment includes a base plate and a rigid arm. The base plate has a substantially round central aperture and a concentric annular bevelled or annular cut out extending completely around the aperture so as to define an annular base rim. The channel is sized so that the rim may be a wedge clamped between a single Softspike™ cleat and the sole of the shoe. The rigid arm is a cantilevered rigid arm mounted to, so as to extend cantilevered from, the base plate at an upwardly inclined angle relative to the base plate. A cleaning attachment having an operative side including at least one of: a brush, a scraper, a golf tee carrier is adapted for releasable mounting on the releasable mount on the rigid arm so as to dispose the cleaning attachment alongside and adjacent the sole.

Abstract: Footwear and accessories that can be used to ignite fire are described herein. The footwear described herein includes a component to associate one or more matches to the footwear. In at least one embodiment, the component to associate one or matches to the footwear is configured to house, store, or carry the one or more matches. In at least one embodiment, the footwear described herein includes a strikeplate that is associated with the footwear. In some embodiments, the strikeplate can be made out of an abrasive material such as a granulated product, a paper product, a hard product, and/or a hard-backed granulated paper product. A method for using the accessories associated with the footwear and methods for manufacturing accessories and/or the footwear are also described herein.

Abstract: A system and method for stockpiling material on the seafloor, the system and method using seafloor collection machines, such auxiliary or bulk cutters or collection machines, to capture seafloor material to be stockpiled. The captured seafloor material is carried in slurry form over a flexible transfer pipe to an outlet at a desired seafloor site. In a preferred form the outlet is mounted in a seafloor stockpiling hood that sits on the seafloor at the desired seafloor site and captures and contains slurry from the outlet while allowing egress of water. The captured seafloor material can then be extracted to a surface vessel.

Abstract: An apparatus for seafloor stockpiling that has a slurry inlet that receives slurry from a seafloor tool via a slurry transfer pipe and walls that, together with the seafloor, define a cavity having a stockpiling volume. The walls are made substantially of a water permeable material, such as a filter fabric or geotextile, that captures and contains seafloor material present in slurry received from the slurry inlet, while permitting egress of water from the slurry. In a preferred form the seafloor stockpiling device is a hood with an open bottom that is located on a seafloor surface.

Abstract: A loader bucket is adapted for use with a machine includes a first side section, a second side section and a rear section. The rear section has a substantially arcuate portion so that a bottom section extends from a lower end of the arcuate portion. Further, a top section extends from an upper end of the arcuate portion. One or more counterweights are disposed on the top section of the loader bucket.

Abstract: Electronic greeting cards include a greeting card with two or more interconnected panels in combination with a digital multimedia player device which includes an electronic display and an audio output, and circuitry which is operative to receive, store and play digital multimedia files and content. The various greeting card structures cover and encapsulate or otherwise house and adorn the digital multimedia player. Digital files are loaded on to the digital multimedia player by a connection to a network, or directly from a data storage device such as an SD card or USB connection or compact flash which interfaces with a port in the digital multimedia player. Pre-recorded digital multimedia greeting card content is either pre-loaded on a portable data storage device, or selected for purchase and downloaded or transferred for replay by the digital multimedia player of the electronic greeting card.

Abstract: A marking apparatus for a dishware is provided. The apparatus includes a base portion, a first support member extending from the base portion, and a second support member extending from the base portion opposite the first support member so as to define a cavity therebetween. At least one of the first support member and the second support member include at least one slot structured for retaining an indicium member received therein.

Abstract: Various embodiments provide an advertising apparatus for a vehicle, where the advertising apparatus comprises a dressing for the vehicle, and a fastener configured to couple to the dressing to the exterior features of the vehicle. The dressing may be configured to cause at least a portion of the vehicle to resemble a product when the dressing is coupled to the vehicle to cover at least a portion of an exterior body of the vehicle. Additionally, the fastener may be configured to couple the dressing to the vehicle such that the dressing covers the portion of the exterior body of the vehicle. For some embodiments, the advertising apparatus dresses some or all of the exterior body of the vehicle such that the vehicle's exterior appearance is altered to the likeness of some or all of a product, thereby enabling the vehicle to function as mobile advertisement for the product.

Abstract: An inexpensive temporary vehicle door display device with a planar member with indicia such as a visual symbol, message or advertisement printed thereon, that includes an integrally formed edge member along a vertical edge that selectively attaches to the trailing edge of a vehicle door. The edge member has a door edge cavity that receives the trailing edge of the vehicle door when the device is installed. The planar member is made of thin flexible material designed to extend over and at least partially cover the outside surface of the door. The planar member may be color-coded to match the color of the door and includes at least one magnetic element attached to the inside surface of the planar member that holds the planar member over the exterior surface of the door. Printed on the planar member are indicia such as words, letters, numbers, images, advertisements or promotional materials.

Abstract: A display ad system for door handles may include electronics that provide multisensory stimuli. In one embodiment, an end cap includes light and sound triggered by a motion detector. In another embodiment, an end cap includes fan-directed aromas triggered by a motion detector. In a third embodiment, a flexible grid of LED lights backlights the display ad in any time sequence desired, and may be motion-triggered as well. A door handle embodiment may also provide a note board surface as an alternative to showing display ads.

Abstract: Outdoor screened areas such as around swimming pools and porches tend to be somewhat drab and dull. Colored screening material is available with permanently-imprinted designs, but once installed, the same scene can become monotonous day after day, and cannot be replaced without removing the entire screen which is costly. Viewtees are two-piece identical foam or plastic decorative ornaments that magnetically attach together on opposing sides of outdoor screens, displaying colorful graphics from both the inside and outside views. Viewtees designs are virtually unlimited, with themes encompassing animals, nature and holidays, to name a few. They may vary in size to cover from one to ten square foot areas, where the larger versions also offer a degree of privacy and shade. Viewtees are easy to install and remove as they just magnetically snap together. Once removed, they may be replaced by another ornament and reused at a later date.

Abstract: A system for hanging a framed object using a pin hanger including a neck section having a top surface and two outer lateral edges. An intermediate shoulder section baring two outer lateral edges extends outward beyond that of the outer lateral edges of the neck section forming substantially planar ledges. An inward tapered section starts from the outer lateral edges of the intermediate shoulder section and terminates in a substantially planar bottom surface that is substantially parallel to the top surface of the neck section. A pin projects from the top surface of the neck section at an angle less than 90 degrees relative to the top surface of the neck section. The pin hanger is releasably secured at any desired location within the track frame section via a set screw received within a hole.

Abstract: A flash suppressing and recoil compensating muzzle device for use with a firearm provides a muzzle device that reduces recoil and inhibits muzzle flash while preventing audible harmonic resonant ringing after the firearm is discharged. The present invention accomplishes this through the use of an open ended muzzle device that redirects a portion of the high velocity gasses exiting the terminal end of the weapon through asymmetrically placed narrowing exhaust openings. The asymmetrically placed narrowing exhaust openings gradually direct exiting gases to the rear and to the sides of the muzzle in order to reduce recoil and reducing light emissions. The narrowing exhaust openings are formed by the radially positioned prongs of a distinct weight and width, which widen from the proximal to distal end of the muzzle device. The weight and mass disparity between prongs prevents audible ringing by reducing resonant vibrations between neighboring prongs.

Abstract: A reloading system for modifying an existing discharge assembly such that it operates with a magazine containing multiple rounds of at least one projectile. The system joins with the discharge assembly without permanently altering the discharge assembly. Additionally, the system is configured to be quickly and easily attached and removed from the discharge assembly. A magazine joins with a receiver on the discharge assembly. A magazine well secures the magazine to the receiver. A magazine adapter connects the magazine to the receiver. A ramp guides the projectiles from the magazine into a barrel. A magazine spring presses the projectiles against rear feed lips for extraction into the barrel. A projectile pickup extracts the projectile from the magazine and moves it to the barrel for discharge.