Abstract: An X-ray imaging apparatus includes an X-ray irradiation unit which irradiates X-rays, a detection unit which detects the X-rays transmitted through an object, and a housing which contains the detection unit. The housing includes a first housing in which an X-ray transmission member which transmits the X-rays is placed in an incident range of the X-rays irradiated from the X-ray irradiation unit; a second housing which supports the detection unit while being spaced apart from the X-ray transmission member on an opposite side to an incident side on which the X-rays strike the X-ray transmission member; and a plurality of connecting members which connect the first housing to the second housing.

Abstract: A method and system for providing intensity modulated radiation therapy to a moving target is disclosed. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, a treatment plan for providing radiotherapy using a multi-leaf collimator (“MLC”) comprises a plurality of sub-plans, each of which is optimized for a different phase of target movement. Movements of the treatment target are tracked in real time, and the choice of which sub-plan to implement is made in real time based on the tracked position of the target. Each of the sub-plans is preferably formulated to minimize interplay effects between target movements and MLC leaf movements, consistent with other planning goals. In addition, the sub-plans preferably include a predicted region corresponding to the next anticipated position of the target, in order to facilitate the transition to the next position.

Abstract: Provided are a method and an apparatus of precisely measuring the intensity profile of an x-ray nanobeam, which can measure x-rays having different wavelengths with one knife edge and can perform optimal measurements corresponding to the depth of focus of an x-ray beam and the conditions of other measurement devices, using a dark field measurement method which enables precise measurements of the profile of an x-ray beam using a knife edge and using diffracted and transmitted x-rays. The knife edge (4) is formed of a heavy metal which advances the phase of an x-ray passing therethrough and is fabricated in such a manner that the thickness may change in the longitudinal direction continuously or in a stepwise fashion.

Abstract: The embodiments disclosed herein relate to the thermal regulation of components within an X-ray tube, and more specifically to heat transfer between the anode and the rotary mechanism to which the anode is attached. For example, in one embodiment, an X-ray tube is provided. The X-ray tube generally includes a fixed shaft, a rotating bearing sleeve disposed about the fixed shaft and configured to rotate with respect to the fixed shaft via a rotary bearing, an electron beam target disposed about the bearing sleeve and configured to rotate with the bearing sleeve, and a thermally conductive, deformable metallic gasket disposed between the target and the bearing sleeve and configured to conduct heat between the target and the bearing sleeve in operation.

Abstract: An integrated X-ray source is provided. The integrated X-ray source includes a target for emitting X-rays upon being struck by one or more excitation beams, and one or more total internal reflection multilayer optic devices in physical contact with the target to transmit at least a portion of the X rays through total internal reflection to produce X-ray beams, wherein the optic device comprises an input face for receiving the X rays and an output face through which the X-ray beams exit the integrated X-ray source.

Abstract: A radiation grid comprises an absorber including absorbing foil strips extending in a direction of extension for absorbing radiation, the absorbing foil strips being arranged in a direction of arrangement perpendicular to the direction of extension; a first covering member for covering one planar surface of the absorber; a second covering member for covering a surface at the opposite side of the one surface of the absorber; first joint members each provided in an area of adjacence between the first covering member and one of the absorbing foil strips forming the absorber, for integrating the two parts; second joint members each provided in an area of adjacence between the second covering member and one of the absorbing foil strips forming the absorber, for integrating the two parts; and connecting members provided to connect ends in the direction of extension of the absorbing foil strips. The connecting members are disposed clear of a middle portion in the direction of extension of each absorbing foil strip.

Abstract: A communication device for rendering one or more conversations. The communication device includes a receiver configured to receive media over a network and an encoder configured to encode media created using the communication device, where the received and encoded media are associated with the one or more conversations. A storage or memory element stores on the device both the received media and the encoded media. A conversation control element is provided for selecting one of the one or more conversations as current and for controlling the rendering of the media of the selected conversation.

Abstract: A method (300) for translating fees for a value added service in a communication network, and a charging gateway (116) that translates fees for a value added service in a communication network. A request (130, 134) for a communication device to access the value added service can be received and, in real time, translated to a first pseudo telephone number. In real time, a first telephone call (136) to the first pseudo telephone number can be simulated to generate a first call request (138) that inquires whether credit for the value added service is available. An acknowledgement (140) to the first call request can be received that indicates whether a sufficient amount of credit to access the value added services is available. Access or denial to the value added services can be based on whether the sufficient amount of credit is available.

Abstract: A system and method for detecting a false caller ID. The system receives caller identification data and signaling system data from the call, compares the caller identification data to the signaling system data, and determines if the call has a false caller ID based on the comparison. The signaling system data may include signaling system 7 data. The system may also alert the intended recipient by modifying the properties of the call or by enacting a peripheral system to contact the intended recipient.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, and computer program products provide dynamic replacement communication identification (ID) service. A request is received from a user for dynamic replacement communication ID from a current location of the user. The user requesting dynamic replacement communication ID is authenticated. A user profile of the user requesting dynamic replacement communication ID is retrieved. A current profile of the current location is replaced with the user profile of the user.

Abstract: Methods and systems for reestablishing voice communications in the event of a service interruption. The method comprises establishing a call session with a user via a communication device, storing call state and bridge information associated with the call session, determining that the call session has been disconnected, and maintaining the call state and bridge information associated with the call session and redialing for the disconnected user. The method may further include providing an audio message to other call participants.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide systems and methods for providing one or more services in a communication session such as a call or other media exchange independent of supporting network technologies. According to one embodiment, a system for providing one or more services in a communication session can comprise a communication network and an application dispatcher communicatively coupled with the communication network. The application dispatcher can be adapted to determine one or more components for providing at least one service in the communication session and direct the communication session to the one or more components. According to one embodiment, determining the one or more components and directing the communication session to the one or more components can be performed independent of supporting network technologies.

Abstract: A device is provided that may initiate a communication with a communication device; log the communications initiated with respective communication devices; determine a likelihood that any one of the communication devices will be a next communication device with which communication will be initiated based on the logged information; and order, in a displayable list based on the determined likelihoods, identifiers associated with at least two of the communication devices.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for sharing end user feedback is disclosed. An apparatus that incorporates teachings of the present disclosure may include, for example, a system can have a collection element that receives a vendor identifier and a measure of satisfaction associated therewith, and a storage element that stores the measure of satisfaction in a telephone directory of commercial vendors according to the vendor identifier. Additional embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for providing users operating on Signaling System No. 7 (SS7) networks with the ability to interconnect with Advance Intelligent Networking (AIN) and, in particular, to provide database lookup for the Do Not Call (DNC) Registry, without requiring users to implement complex and expensive systems in their network. An Intelligent Call Management (ICM) structure receiving information of a dialed toll number is able to convert the information into a compatible database request to determine whether the call to the toll number is allowed to be completed based on information retrieved from the database.

Abstract: A system and method may include receiving a call connection request associated with a calling device over a telephony network, the call connection request requesting establishment of a telephone call. The system and method may further include presenting a plurality of call rejection options, each of the plurality of call rejection options being associated with separate call rejection messages, and determining which one of the plurality of call rejection options is selected, where the plurality of call rejection options permit a called party to intelligently reject a phone call.

Abstract: Multiple instances of an incoming call in a unified communication system capable of communicating through multiple networks are provided to devices and/or applications associated with the called party. Upon acceptance or a global rejection of the incoming call through one of the end devices/applications, the remainder are provided a cancellation notice for the forked call request that includes information associated with which end device took the action, what type of action was taken, whether the action was based on automatic policy implementation.

Abstract: The present invention provides flexible, user-definable call screening processes. The user can optionally define to which telecommunication terminals a screened call is to be broadcast to and under what conditions. An incoming call is forwarded to a call management system that asks the caller to leave a voice message. The call management system selectively couples the call to a POTS line or a VoIP-capable device so that the user can listen to the incoming message and thereby screen the incoming call. Based on the screening, the user can instruct the call management system to connect the caller to the user.

Abstract: A method and system for providing automated call center services, operating by identifying a caller, accessing the caller's account information, determining the likely reason for the call, identifying an agent skill group based on the likely reason for the call, and providing an available agent with access to the caller's account information, together with a script based on the likely reason for the call. Data and voice access to agents is combined with specialized methods and systems for determining agent optimization capabilities, thereby allowing multiple call centers located in geographically different areas to operate as a seamless virtual call center, having the capability to dynamically reorganize the structure of available agents, regardless of where located. Real time statistics allow determination of how many agents should be available and what skill sets those agents should have, thereby facilitating management decisions.

Abstract: Systems and methods for providing estimated wait times are provided. More particularly, an estimated wait time is calculated based at least in part on agent availability information entered by the agent. The agent availability information may be obtained from the agent through a user interface provided by a contact center communication device. The user interface may include soft keys. In addition, the estimated wait time can be provided to client communication devices.

Abstract: Systems and methods for recording a communication session between a customer and an agent of a customer center communication system are provided. In this regard, a representative method comprises: configuring a communication component of the customer center communication system to enable recording of a media stream associated with the communication session; transmitting the media stream over a network based on the configuration of the communication component; receiving the media stream over the network; and recording the received media stream.

Abstract: A method and system for concurrently monitoring contact center agents. A user interface executes on a supervisor station and displays multiple agent identifiers, including a first agent identifier and a second agent identifier, on a display device. The supervisor station provides to a three-dimensional spatial audio engine (3DSAE) first audio attribute data identifying a location of the first agent identifier in the user interface with respect to a supervisor reference position, the first audio attribute data including first audio direction data and first audio distance data. The supervisor station receives from the 3DSAE first voice signals corresponding to the first agent identifier, wherein the first voice signals include aural characteristics based on the first audio attribute data, and presents the first voice signals to an output port.

Abstract: A computerized system and related method for assisting a user with placing a telephonic call, comprising a user interface, computerized processing, and computerized storage for: a user specifying an originally-specified telephone number to place an intended telephonic call, which telephone number, as originally-specified, for at least one particular reason, cannot be used to successfully complete the intended telephonic call; the user, after specifying the originally-specified telephone number, later specifying later-specified telephone number elements, including the possible deleting or ignoring of part of the originally-specified telephone number; and causing the telephonic call to be successfully signaled using the originally-specified telephone number in combination with the later-specified telephone number elements, without the user having to re-specify the originally-specified telephone number.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention include methods and apparatuses for adjusting audio content when more multiple audio objects are directed toward a single audio output device. The amplitude, white noise content, and frequencies can be adjusted to enhance overall sound quality or make content of certain audio objects more intelligible. Audio objects are classified by a class category, by which they are can be assigned class specific processing. Audio objects classes can also have a rank. The rank of an audio objects class is used to give priority to or apply specific processing to audio objects sin the presence of other audio objects of different classes.

Abstract: Technologies are generally described for a system for measuring a quality of experience (QoE). In some examples, a quality of experience (QoE) measuring device may include a background noise detecting unit configured to measure a background noise around a near-end talker, and a decision unit configured to determine whether a double talk event detected by a double talk detector is caused by the background noise around the near-end talker.

Abstract: By-bandwidth voice-switching is performed during doubletalk between a near-end teleconference device and a far-end teleconference device. This may involve receiving far-end voice data from the far-end teleconference device. Near-end voice data is also received at the near-end teleconference device. Frequency subbands of the near-end voice data that having substantial energy are identified. Before playing the far-end voice data on one or more loudspeakers of the near-end teleconference device, frequency subbands from the far-end voice data frequency subbands thereof that correspond to the identified frequency subbands of the near-end voice data are attenuated and/or eliminated.

Abstract: The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a user device, which includes a main body part, a movable part electrically connected with the main body part, and a switching control unit and a rotation driver unit for co-axially connecting the main body part with the movable part. The switching control unit is used for eliminating a friction that enables the main body part to be fixed relative to the movable part fixed to turn on a rotation mode of the movable part. The rotation driver unit is used for applying a pre-pressing elastic force to the movable part when the switching control unit turns on the rotation mode of the movable part, so as to enable the movable part to automatically rotate relative to the main body part. The pre-pressing elastic force is less than the friction.

Abstract: A computing system securely stores data to a dispersed data storage system. The computing system includes a processing module and a plurality of storage units. The processing module includes an encryptor and error encoder to encrypt and encode the data for dispersal utilizing a write command to the storage units. The storage units store the encrypted and encoded data when receiving the write command and the encrypted and encoded data.

Abstract: An exponentiation method resistant against side-channel attacks and safe-error attacks. Input to the method is g in a multiplicatively written group G and a /-digit exponent d with a radix m>1 and output is z=gd-1·(d?1) is expressed as a series of (/?1) non-zero digits, d*0 . . . d*I-2, in the set {m?1, . . . , 2m?2} and an extra digit d*I-1 that is equal to dI-1?1, where dI-1 represents the most significant radix-m digit of d, and gd-1 is evaluated through a m-ary exponentiation algorithm on input g and (d?1) represented by d*0 . . . d*I-1. Also provided are an apparatus and a computer program product.

Abstract: A system for random number generation includes a digital oscillator circuit, which has a set of available configurations and is operative to generate a random number sequence in accordance with a current configuration selected from the set. The system further includes a randomization circuit, which is operative to produce a pseudo-random stream of values corresponding to the available configurations of the digital oscillator circuit, and to control the digital oscillator circuit to alternate among the available configurations in accordance with the pseudo-random stream of values.

Abstract: The public exponent e of an RSA key is embedded in a RSA key object that lacks this exponent. During exponentiation, the public exponent e may be extracted and used to verify that the result of the exponentiation is correct. The result is output only if this is the case. The invention counters fault-attacks. Also provided are an apparatus and a computer program product.

Abstract: Provided is a key generation apparatus that generates, based on a generated random number, quantum gates Ui, L and R corresponding respectively to m types of unitary operations Ui corresponding to n qubits and two types of unitary operations L and R corresponding to m qubits, generates a quantum gate CU whose control is enabled such that operation of the quantum gate Ui is controlled according to an input state of the m qubits, generates a quantum gate G by adding the quantum gates L and R to the quantum gate CU, generates a public key P by obfuscating the quantum gate G, generates a quantum gate CU† and a quantum gate R*, and generates a private key S by connecting the quantum gate CU† and the quantum gate R*.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a system that facilitates encrypting data. During operation, the system receives unencrypted data to be encrypted. Next, the system preprocesses the unencrypted data to create preprocessed unencrypted data, wherein preprocessing the unencrypted data involves generating a salt (wherein the salt facilitates in determining if the subsequently encrypted data has been altered) and concatenating the salt and the unencrypted data to create the preprocessed unencrypted data. Next, the system encrypts the preprocessed unencrypted data to create the encrypted data. Because the salt has already been applied to the plaintext data, it does not need to be reapplied during the encryption phase as is typically done in encryption. Finally, the system stores a copy of the salt with the encrypted data.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for cryptographically encoding secret data in a data processing system. The secret data is encoded in accordance with a verifiable encryption process to produce a cryptographic construction (?) having a decryption constraint dependent on the occurrence of a predetermined event. An event-dependent decryption constraint is thereby built into the cryptography, so that there is an intrinsic restriction on the ability to decrypt the encoded secret data which is dependent on occurrence of the predetermined event. Decoding apparatus for such a cryptographic construction is also provided, as well as distributed trust data processing systems providing accountable privacy based on use of such cryptographic constructions.

Abstract: A system and method for securing data and information is disclosed. Multiple cryptographic paradigms may be applied to multiple length data segments to encrypt such data to prevent unauthorized use. The system and method uses pattern keys. At least one pattern key uses a cryptographic paradigm different from the other pattern keys. Furthermore, each pattern key has a given key strength and at least one pattern keys key strength differs from the one or more other pattern keys used in the process. The pattern keys are applied to the data in accordance with a key pattern which defines the sequence that each pattern key is applied to the data. The length of each data segment may vary one from the other and such segment length is determined in accordance with the pattern key applied. In addition, the initial plaintext data may first be encrypted using a first password before the disclosed process is implemented.

Abstract: A method of encrypting data to be accessed only by a group of users comprises a user in the group receiving a user secret si=ƒ1(R, ui), the user secret having been created by operating a first one-way function f1 on parameters comprising a root key R and a public identifier ui for the user. The user in the group receives a public identifier ui for each of the other users in the group. The user in the group obtains a group key by operating a second one-way function ƒ2 on parameters comprising the user secret s, and the public identifiers for the other users in the group u1, u2, . . . , uj?1, uj+1 . . . un?1, un, wherein said second one-way function/band said first one-way function ƒ1 satisfy: ƒ2(ƒ1(R,u1), u2, . . . , un)=ƒ2(ƒ1(R,u2), u1, u3, u4 . . . , un)= . . . =ƒ2(ƒ1(R,un), u1, u2 . . . , un?1). The user in the group encrypts the data using the group key.

Abstract: An encrypted data recording apparatus is disclosed. The encrypted data recording apparatus includes: analyzing means for analyzing encrypted data inputted; decrypting means for decrypting the encrypted data analyzed by the analyzing means; encrypting means for encrypting the data decrypted by the decrypting means using key information peculiar to the encrypted data recording apparatus; and recording control means for recording the data encrypted by the encrypting means in plural recording means with redundancy given to the data.

Abstract: A system includes a line-based receiver for receiving protected content from a source and a line-based transmitter for providing the protected content to a destination. The protected content is secure, such as by using a High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection (HDCP) mechanism. Between the line-based transmitter and receiver is a wireless transmitter and a wireless receiver. The wireless transmitter establishes an encrypted wireless link with the wireless receiver according to a second encryption mechanism. The wireless transmitter is further configured for receiving the protected content from the line-based receiver, encrypting the protected content according to the second encryption mechanism, and wirelessly transmitting the encrypted protected content. The wireless receiver is further configured for receiving the wirelessly transmitted protected content from the wireless transmitter and decrypting the protected content according to the second encryption mechanism.

Abstract: A system and method for securing wireless communications are provided. A method for secure communications by a first user includes estimating a channel between the first user and a second user based on a pilot signal transmitted by the second user, determining a first threshold and a second threshold based on the estimate of channel, selecting a first subset of channel estimates, signaling the first subset of channel estimates to the second user, receiving a second subset of channel estimates from the second user, for each channel estimate in the second subset of channel estimates, quantizing the channel estimate based on a relationship between a gain of the channel estimate and the first threshold and the second threshold, generating a first secret key based on quantized channel estimates, verifying that the first secret key matches a second secret key generated by the second user, and transmitting information to the second user.

Abstract: VoIP systems often use multiple ciphers for different components. The present invention includes a system and method for early detection of encrypted signals in packet networks that may be encrypted using any of a multitude of ciphers.

Abstract: The subject matter described herein includes methods, systems, and computer readable medium for scrambled communication of data to, from, or over a medium. According to one aspect, the subject matter described herein includes a method for communicating data in scrambled form to or over a medium. The method includes receiving analog or digital data to be transmitted to or over a medium. The method further includes modulating samples representing at least signal using the analog or digital data to produce data modulated signal samples. The method further includes scrambling the data modulated signal samples using a predetermined scrambling algorithm. The method further includes transmitting the scrambled data modulated signal samples to or over the medium. The method further includes descrambling samples received from the medium using the inverse of the predetermined scrambling algorithm to obtain the unscrambled modulated signal samples, which can then be demodulated to retrieve original data.

Abstract: A hierarchical group key management approach based on linear geometry is disclosed.

Abstract: A method for distributing a quantum key is provided, including sending a first photon to a first receiver; sending a second photon to a second receiver, the first and second photons being a pair of time-energy entangled photons; and providing a coding scheme comprising a plurality of time bins and a plurality of frequency bins, wherein a combination of a time bin and a frequency bin corresponds to a character.

Abstract: Various methods and devices are provided for a wireless audio system for a number of users. The system includes a base unit that is adapted to removably store, recharge and communicate with various communication modules, including personal microphone modules, table-top microphones, and audio adapters. The system also includes a plurality of personal microphone modules that are each adapted to be removable and coupled, for example, to a user's clothing, and further, are adapted to communicate wirelessly with the base unit, and table-top microphones that are adapted to communicate wirelessly with the base unit.

Abstract: A decoding method, medium, and device decoding an input signal, including compressed multi-channel signals as a mono or stereo signal, into 2-channel binaural signals. A full band channel level of each channel in the multi-channel system is calculated from channel level differences between the channels, and data of each channel included in the input signal is localized in directions corresponding to the channels based on the calculated full band channel levels of the channels. Accordingly, the input signal can be output as the 2-channel binaural signals by using simple operations without having to reconstruct multi-channel signals from the input signal in a quadrature mirror filter (QMF) domain.

Abstract: A method of encoding stereo audio that minimizes a number of pieces of side information required for parametric-encoding and parametric-decoding of the stereo audio. The side information may include parameters about interchannel intensity difference (IID), interchannel correlation (IC), overall phase difference (OPD), and interchannel phase difference (IPD), which are required to restore the mono audio to the stereo audio.

Abstract: To suppress the transverse displacement of a ribbon due to an impact to a level smaller than that achieved by electromagnetic damping. The switch 150 breaks a path between the piezoelectric element 140 and the secondary winding 132 so as to be non-conductive when a power plug is connected (the microphone is in use), and completes a path between the piezoelectric element 140 and the secondary winding 132 so as to be conductive when a power plug is not connected (the microphone is not in use), in order to generate a driving force in the direction opposite to the displacement direction of the ribbon 10 by causing a current corresponding to power generated in the piezoelectric element 140 to flow in the ribbon 10.

Abstract: A communications device is configured to control the intelligibility of speech in a downlink voice signal during a call. The device determines a current noise level based on sampling ambient acoustic noise and based on a previously determined noise level. The device then determines an overall output gain and a frequency response based on the current noise level and based on a user-selected volume setting of the device. The device modifies the downlink voice signal during the call in accordance with the determined overall output gain and the determined frequency response. Other embodiments are also described and claimed.

Abstract: A method for testing a wireless communication system is disclosed comprising a fitting device (1; IF, PC) and at least one of a hearing device (HD1, HD2) and an accessory device (ACC) to the hearing device (HD1, HD2). The fitting device (1; IF, PC) comprising means for communicating with at least one of the hearing device (HD1, HD2) and the accessory device (ACC). The method comprises the steps of: testing at least one of the following elements: a transceiver of the hearing device (HD1, HD2); a transceiver of the accessory device (ACC); a transceiver of the fitting device (1; IF, PC); quality of a link between two transceivers; comparing results of the testing with predefined values, presenting a result of the comparison to the user of the fitting device (1; IF, PC) by indicating failure or non-failure for the corresponding element tested, wherein the step of testing is controlled by the fitting device (1; IF, PC).

Abstract: An active vibration/noise control device which is provided with a plurality of cancel signal generation parts for generating output signals for respectively cancelling noises generated at a plurality of vibration/noise generation sources. The effect of the suspension of either of first and second cancel signal generation parts on the other is reduced. According to the operating state of the first cancel signal generation part, the simulated transmission properties of the second cancel signal generation part are adjusted. Consequently, without regard to the operating state of the first cancel signal generation part, the noise control performance of the second cancel signal generation part can be maintained.